Department of Mechanical EngineeringA Seminar Presentation On

SIX STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

CONTENTS

IntroductionTypes of Six stroke enginesBajulaz Six stroke Diesel engineDual fuel Six stroke engineComparisonSpecificationsFeaturesPerformance and economyConclusion

INTRODUCTIONThe six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine based on the four-stroke engine.

First developed in early 1990’s

Advancement is the Duel fuel six stroke diesel engine

More efficient & reduce emissions.

Approaches for six stroke engine designFirst approach

There is two additional strokes by the main piston as fifth and sixth strokeSecond approach

It uses a second opposed piston which moves at half the cyclical rate of the main piston

TYPES:SIX STROKE ENGINE

FIRST APPROACH

Griffin six stroke engine

Bajulaz six stroke engine

Crower six stroke engine

Velozeta six stroke engine

SECOND APPROACH

Beare head six stroke engine

Charge pump engine

BAJULAZ SIX STROKE ENGINE

1. Intake valve2. Heating chamber valve3. Combustion chamber valve4. Exhaust valve5. Cylinder 6. Combustion chamber7. Air heating chamber8. Wall of combustion chamber9. Fuel injector 10.Heater plug

STROKE 1Intake of pure air in the cylinder

STROKE 2 STROKE 3

Compression of pure air in heating chamber

Release of combustion gases in the cylinder

STROKE 4 STROKE 5

Release of pure air into cylinder

Recompression of pure air in the combustion chamber

STROKE 6

Exhaust of combustion gases

DUAL FUEL SIX STROKE ENGINE

This engine runs by two fuels i.e. diesel (primary fuel) and methanol (secondary fuel)

PV DIAGRAMS

SPECIFICATIONSTable 1. Specifications of the test engine:

Four stoke Six stroke Diesel Engine Diesel Engine Engine type DI, Single cylinder, Air cooled, OHV Bore x Stroke [mm] 82 x 78 Displacement [cc] 412 Top Clearance [mm] 0.9 Cavity Volume [cc] 16 Compression ratio 21 Intake Valve Open 100 BTDC 70 BTDC Intake valve Close 1400 BTDC 1450 BTDC Exhaust Valve Open 1350 ATDC 1400 ATDC Exhaust Valve Close 120 ATDC 30 ATDC Valve Overlap 220 100 Rated power 5.9 kW /3000rpm Base Engine ----------------

COMPARISONSComparison between four stroke & six stroke diesel engines

Engine ParametersFour Stroke

Diesel EngineSix Stroke

Diesel Engine

Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2007 2016Supplied combustion heat per cycle

Qt [KJ/cycle] 0.50 0.68

Supplied combustion heat per unit time Ht [KJ/s]8.36 7.62

Intake air flow per cycleMa [mg/cycle] 358.7 371.4

Injection quantity per cycleMf [mg/cycle] 11.8 16

Excess air ratio λ 2.40 1.83Intake air flow per unit time

Ma [g/cycle] 6.00 4.16

Injection quantity per unit timeMf [g/sec] 0.197 0.179

Brake torque Tb [N-m] 15.52 15.28Brake power Lb [KW] 3.26 3.24BSFC. b [ g / KW-h] 217.9 520.3IMEP Pi [Kgf / cm2] 5.94 4.37

Indicated torque Ti [N-m] 19.10 18.71Indicated power Li [KW] 4.01 3.75

ISFC bi [g / KW-h ] 177.2 163.3

Comparison between six stroke diesel & dual fuel six stroke enginesDiesel Fuel Six Stroke

Diesel Engine

Dual Fuel Six Stroke

Diesel Engine

Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2016 2006

Supplied combustion heat per cycle

Qt [kJ/cycle] 0.68

Injection quantity per cycle

(First Combustion Stroke)

Mf1 [mg/cycle]

8.0

(Diesel Fuel)

Injection quantity per cycle

(Second Combustion Stroke)

Mf2 [mg/cycle]

8.0

(Diesel Fuel)

17.2

(Methanol)

Excess air ratio λ 1.86 1.93

Brake torque Tb [N-m] 6.18 6.08

Brake power Lb [kW] 1.52 1.5

B.S.F.C. b [ g / kW.h] 504.0 777.7

I.M.E.P. Pi [kgf / cm2] 4.56 4.75

Indicated torque Ti [N-m] 21.68 20.38

Indicated power Li [kW] 3.45 2.98

I.S.F.C. bi [g / kW.h ] 155.5 236.2

Indicated specific heat consumption

bi’ [MJ /kW.h] 6.61 6.37

Lower maintenance costs due to less wearing parts (cylinder head)

Longer service intervals possible due to lower operating temperatures recorded

Increase in thermal efficiency by more than 20%

Reduced fuel consumption

IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUST

Four Stroke

Diesel Engine

Six Stroke Diesel

Engine

Dual Fuel Six

Stroke Engine

Nitrous Oxide [ppm]

( % improvement) 768113

(85.3%)

90.5

(88.2%)

Soot [%]

(%improvement) 6.828.8

(- 323.5%)

0

(100%)

Indicated specific heat consumption

bi’ [MJ/KW-h]

(% improvement)

7.51 6.61

(12.0%)

6.37

(15.2%)

ADVANTAGESReduction in fuel consumption by at least 40%

Two expansions(work/Power stroke) in six strokes

Dramatic reduction in pollution ( up to 65%)

Higher overall efficiency

Lower engine temperature & noise level

Due to more air intake, the cooling system is improved

Better scavenging and more extraction of work per

cycle

Less inertia due to lightness of moving parts

DISADVANTAGES

Brake power & indicated power per cycle per

cylinder is comparatively lesser

Engine size increases due to many number of

cylinders & additional components

Higher manufacturing cost of six stroke engine

APPLICATIONS

Automobiles, heavy goods, construction-site and

farm vehicles. 

motor-pumps, generator sets, stationary engines,

etc....intended for agriculture and industry.

Motorboats

CONCLUSIONDrastically reducing fuel consumption (by 40%) and

pollution (by 60-90%) without radically affecting

performances

For the dual fuel six-stroke engine, soot & nitrous oxide was

practically eliminated by a small amount of methanol in the

second combustion process.

It enables lower engine temperature and therefore increases

in the overall efficiency.

THANK YOU