preliminary report targets inf 06-07-2011 report ta… · miguel villacís sr. edison santacruz...

PRELIMINARYREPORT

WORLDSUMMITONTHEINFORMATIONSOCIETY

(WSIS)TARGETS

ECUADOR

EXECUTIVE DIRECTION

Ing. Jaime Guerrero, Ministro de Telecomunicaciones y Sociedad de la Información Ing. Augusto Espín, Viceministro de Telecomunicaciones y Sociedad de la Información Ing. Rubén León, Secretario Nacional de Telecomunicaciones Ing. Cecilia Jaramillo, Asesora Institucional de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones Ing. Christian Rivera, Director General de Gestión de los Servicios de Telecomunicaciones (E) Ing. Patricia Trujillo, Directora General de Planificación de las Telecomunicaciones (P) Ing. Natalia Martínez, Directora General de Gestión del Espectro Radioeléctrico DRAFTING GROUP Ing. Mónica Riofrío, DGGER Ing. Harold Miranda, DGGER Ing. Giovana Méndez, DGGER Ing. Carlos Fco. Navas DGGER Ing. María Luisa Perugachi, DGGST Ing. Edwin Alberca, DGGST Ing. Roberto Moreano, DGPT Srta. Daniela Estrella, DGPT TECHNICAL CONTENT

Ing. Mónica Riofrío Ing. María Luisa Perugachi Ing. Roberto Moreano Ing. Harold Miranda Ing. Edwin Alberca Srta. Daniela Estrella Ing. Giovana Méndez Ing. Santiago Guamialamá Srta. Liliana Chimborazo Ing. Katty Ramírez Ing. Sandra Sánchez Sr. David Guerrero Sr. Diego Acosta Ing. Juan Francisco Morejón Sr. Juan Carlos Jiménez Ing. Henry Carvajal Tlga. Karen Alvarado Srta. Nathaly Orozco Ing. Silvana Guayaquil Ing. Natalia Fernández Ing. Jessica García Ing. Miguel Villacís Sr. Edison Santacruz Srta. María José Salazar Ing. Katty Ramírez Sr. David Chiluisa Srta. Paola Chicaiza Ing. Ramiro Andrade Sr. Leandro Bermúdez SPECIAL THANKS

Ministerio de Telecomunicaciones y de la Sociedad de la Información Secretaría Nacional de la Administración Pública y Subsecretaría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República, Ministerio de Educación, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio e Integración, Ministerio de Finanzas, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Ministerio de Cultura, Consejo Nacional de Archivos, Asociación de Municipalidades de Ecuador (AME), Gobiernos Provinciales del Ecuador, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), Consorcio Ecuatoriano para el Desarrollo del Internet Avanzado (CEDIA), Archivo Nacional del Ecuador (ANE).

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 3

1. TARGET 1: TO CONNECT VILLAGES WITH ICTs AND ESTABLISH COMMUNITY ACCESS POINTS ............................................................................................. 5

1.1. RURAL POPULATION COVERED BY A MOBILE CELLULAR TELEPHONE NETWORK, BROKEN DOWN BY TECHNOLOGY ............................. 5

1.1.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 5

1.1.2. Indicator Methodology ........................................................................................ 6

1.1.3. Indicator State ..................................................................................................... 6

1.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................... 8

1.2. RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WITH A TELEPHONE, BY TYPE OF SERVICE (FIXED AND/OR MOBILE, MOBILE ONLY, FIXED ONLY) ........................................ 9

1.2.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 9

1.2.2. Indicator Methodology ........................................................................................ 9

1.2.3. Indicator State ..................................................................................................... 9

1.2.4. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................. 10

1.3. RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................. 11

1.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 11

1.3.2. Indicator Methodology ...................................................................................... 11

1.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 11


1.4. LOCALITIES WITH PUBLIC INTERNET ACCESS CENTRES (PIACS), BY TYPE OF ACCESS AND URBAN/RURAL ................................................................ 12

1.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 12


1.4.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 13


2. TARGET 2: TO CONNECT UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES, SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY SCHOOLS WITH ICTS .......................................................... 15

2.1. SCHOOLS WITH A RADIO USED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES; .... 15

2.2. SCHOOLS WITH A TELEVISION USED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES 15

2.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 15


2.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 16


2.3. SCHOOLS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................................. 17

2.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 17


2.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 17


2.4. LEARNERS-TO-COMPUTER RATIO ........................................................ 19

2.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 19


2.4.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 19


3. TARGET 3: TO CONNECT SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES WITH ICTS 21

3.1. SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS ................................................................................................................... 21

3.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 21


3.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 22


3.2. PRESENCE OF A NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK (NREN), BY BANDWIDTH CAPACITY (MBIT/S). ..................................................... 24

3.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 24


3.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 24


3.3. NUMBER OF NREN NODES SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES CONNECTED TO THE NREN BY TYPE OF CONNECTION (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) .......................................................................................................... 26

3.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 26


3.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 27


4. TARGET 4: TO CONNECT PUBLIC LIBRARIES, CULTURAL CENTRES, MUSEUMS, POST OFFICES AND ARCHIVES WITH ICTs ............................................. 29

4.1. PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS .............. 29

4.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 29


4.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 29


4.2. PUBLIC LIBRARIES PROVIDING PUBLIC INTERNET ACCESS ............. 30

4.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 30


4.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 31


4.3. PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH A WEBSITE .................................................... 32

4.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 32


4.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 32


4.4. MUSEUMS WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS ............................. 33

4.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 33


4.4.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 33


4.5. MUSEUMS WITH A WEBSITE ................................................................... 35

4.5.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 35


4.5.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 36


4.6. ARCHIVES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS ............................. 37

4.6.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 37


4.6.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 37


4.7. ARCHIVES WITH A WEBSITE ................................................................... 38

4.7.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 38


4.7.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 39


5. TARGET 5: TO CONNECT HEALTH CENTRES AND HOSPITALS WITH ICTs .. 41

5.1. PUBLIC HOSPITALS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................................. 42

5.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 42


5.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 42


5.2. HEALTH CENTRES WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................................. 43

5.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 43


5.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 44


5.3. PUBLIC HOSPITALS USING COMPUTERS/THE INTERNET TO COLLECT/PROCESS/TRANSMIT INDIVIDUAL PATIENT INFORMATION ............ 45

5.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 45


5.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 45


5.4. HEALTH CENTRES USING COMPUTERS/THE INTERNET TO COLLECT/PROCESS/TRANSMIT INDIVIDUAL PATIENT INFORMATION ............ 46

5.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 46


5.4.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 46


6. TARGET 6: TO CONNECT ALL LOCAL AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS AND ESTABLISH WEBSITES AND E-MAIL ADDRESSES ............... 47

6.1. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES USING THE INTERNET ........................... 47

6.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 47


6.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 48


6.2. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES USING COMPUTERS .............................. 49

6.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 49


6.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 50


6.3. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................. 51

6.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 51


6.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 52


6.4. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS WITH A WEBSITE ................................. 54

6.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 54


6.4.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 56


6.5. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS USING CORPORATE NETWORKS (LAN, WAN, INTRANET, EXTRANET) ............................................................................... 58

6.5.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 58


6.5.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 58


6.6. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS OFFERING ONLINE SERVICES, BY TYPE OF SERVICE (INTERACTIVE, TRANSACTIONAL, CONNECTED) .............. 59

6.6.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 59


6.6.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 60


7. TARGET 7: TO ADAPT ALL PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULA TO MEET THE CHALLENGES OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NATIONAL CIRUMSTANCES ................................................ 63

7.1. ICT-QUALIFIED TEACHERS IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS;63

7.2. TEACHERS TRAINED TO TEACH SUBJECTS USING ICT .................... 63

7.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 63


7.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 63


7.3. SCHOOLS WITH COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION ...................... 64

7.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 64


7.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 65


8. TARGET 8: TO ENSURE THAT ALL OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION HAVE ACCESS TO TELEVISION AND RADIO SERVICES ......................................................... 66

8.1. HOUSEHOLDS WITH A RADIO ................................................................. 66

8.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 66


8.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 66


8.2. HOUSEHOLDS WITH A TV ....................................................................... 67

8.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 67


8.2.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 68


8.3. HOUSEHOLDS WITH MULTICHANNEL TELEVISION SERVICE, BY TYPE OF SERVICE ............................................................................................................ 69

8.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 69


8.3.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 69


9. TARGET 9: TO ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTENT AND PUT IN PLACE TECHICAL CONDITIONS IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THE PRESENCE AND USE OF ALL WORLD LANGUAGES ON THE INTERNET ............................................... 71

9.1. WEBDITES, BY LANGUAGE ..................................................................... 71

9.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 71


9.1.3. Indicator State ................................................................................................... 71


10. TARGET 10: TO ENSURE THAT MORE THAN HALF THE WORLD’S INHABITANTS HAVE ACCESS TO ICTS WITHIN THEIR REACH ................................. 73

10.1. MOBILE CELLULAR TELEPHONE SUBSCRIPTIONS PER 100 INHABITANTS .......................................................................................................... 73

10.1.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 73

10.1.2. Indicator Methodology .................................................................................. 73

10.1.3. Indicator State ............................................................................................... 73

10.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................... 74

10.2. HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS TO THE INTERNET, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND) ............................................................. 74

10.2.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 74

10.2.2. Indicator Methodology .................................................................................. 74

10.2.3. Indicator State ............................................................................................... 75

10.2.4. Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................... 75

11. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 76

12. ANNEX 1 ........................................................................................................................ 82

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. 1: Mobile Cellular Coverage (2G) ............................................................................ 7

Figure 1. 2: Mobile Cellular Coverage (3G) ............................................................................ 8

Figure 1. 3: Rural households with fixed telephone .............................................................. 9

Figure 1. 4: Rural households with mobile telephone ......................................................... 10

Figure 1. 5: Rural households with Internet access ............................................................ 11

Figure 1. 6: N° Localities with public Internet access (registered cybercafés) ............... 13

Figure 2. 1: Educational institutions with audiovisual room ............................................... 16

Figure 2. 2: Educational Institutions with Internet access for educational purpose ....... 18

Figure 3. 1: Scientific and research centres with broadband Internet access ( > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps) ......................................................................................................................... 22

Figure 3. 2: Scientific and research centres with broadband Internet access (> 2 Mbps) ..................................................................................................................................................... 22

Figure 3. 3: Percentage scientific and research centres (universities) with broadband Internet access ( > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps) ............................................................................... 23

Figure 3. 4: Percentage scientific and research centres (universities) with broadband Internet access ( > 2 Mbps) .................................................................................................... 23

Figure 3. 5: Internet Connection NREN (Mbps) ................................................................... 25

Figure 3. 6: Universities connected to the NREN by type of connection (Narrowband, Broadband) ................................................................................................................................ 27

Figure 3. 7: Universities connected to the NREN by type of connection ......................... 28

Figure 4. 1: Public libraries with Internet access - broadband ........................................... 30

Figure 4. 2: Public libraries with Internet access ................................................................. 31

Figure 4. 3: Public libraries with a website in Ecuador ....................................................... 32

Figure 4. 4: Museums with Internet access .......................................................................... 34

Figure 4. 5: Museums with a website .................................................................................... 36

Figure 4. 6: Archives with broadband Internet access ........................................................ 38

Figure 4. 7: Archives with website ......................................................................................... 39

Figure 5. 1: Public hospital (MSP) with Internet access ..................................................... 42

Figure 5. 2: Health centres with Internet access ................................................................. 44

Figure 5. 3: Health community centres with Internet access ............................................. 44

Figure 5. 4: Medical records at Public Hospitals using Computers/The Internet to Collect/Process/Transmit Individual Patient Information .................................................... 45

Figure 5. 5: Medical records at health centres ..................................................................... 46

Figure 6. 1: N° Municipal employees vs. Municipal employees with Internet access .... 48

Figure 6. 2: Provincial government employees vs. Provincial government employees with Internet access ................................................................................................................. 48

Figure 6. 3: N° Municipal employees using computers ...................................................... 50

Figure 6. 4: Provincial government employees using compurters .................................... 50

Figure 6. 5: Government institutions with Internet access ................................................. 53

Figure 6. 6: Local government (Municipalities) with Internet access ................................ 53

Figure 6. 7: Local governments (Provincials Councils) with Internet access .................. 54

Figure 6. 8: Government institutions with a website ........................................................... 56

Figure 6. 9: Municipalities with a website ............................................................................. 57

Figure 6. 10: Percentage Municipalities using Corporate Networks ................................. 58

Figure 6. 11: Government institutions offering online services ......................................... 60

Figure 6. 12: Municipalities e-government stage with online services ............................. 61

Figure 7. 1: Adapt the curriculum of primary and secondary achievement of objectives of the Information Society, ITCs ............................................................................................. 64

Figure 7. 2: Adapt the curriculum of primary and secondary achievement of objectives of the Information Society, ITCs ............................................................................................. 65

Figure 8. 1: Households with a radio ..................................................................................... 67

Figure 8. 2: Households with a TV ......................................................................................... 68

Figure 8. 3: Households with multichannel television service ........................................... 70

Figure 9. 1: Websites for language- Ecuador ...................................................................... 72

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. 1: Rural households with a fixed Telephone ........................................................... 9

Table 1. 2: Rural households with a mobile Telephone ..................................................... 10

Table 1. 3: Rural households with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband) ................................................................................................................................ 11

Table 1. 4: Localities with public Internet access centre by type of access .................... 13

Table 2. 1: Schools with a television used for educational purposes ............................... 16

Table 2. 2: Percentage of schools with Internet access ..................................................... 18

Table 3. 1 Ecuadorian Internet Connection .......................................................................... 25

Tabla 3. 2 Ecuadorian Internet Connection .......................................................................... 25

Table 3. 3: Universities connected to the Ecuadorian CEDIA Network ........................... 27

Table 3. 4 Universities connected to the NREN CEDIA (256 kbps) ................................. 28

Table 4. 1: Public libraries in Ecuador ................................................................................... 29



Table 4. 4 Museums with Internet access ............................................................................ 34

Table 4. 5: Museums with broadband Internet access ....................................................... 35

Table 4. 6: Museums with a website ..................................................................................... 36

Table 5. 1: MSP Health Services ........................................................................................... 41

Table 6. 1: Percentage of government institutions with Internet access, by type of access ........................................................................................................................................ 52

Table 6. 2: Total central government institutions ................................................................. 56

Table 6. 3: e-government stages ........................................................................................... 60

Table 7. 1: Teaching and studying programs (Primary and Secondary Schools) .......... 64

Table 8. 1: Households with a radio ...................................................................................... 66

Table 8. 2: Households with a TV .......................................................................................... 68

Table 8. 3: Households with multichannel television service, by type of service ........... 69

Table 9. 1: Websites by language .......................................................................................... 71

1

INTRODUCTION This work represents the synthesis of effort performed by the Ministerio de Telecomunicaciones y Sociedad de la Información (MINTEL) and Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (SENATEL) to obtain a preliminary radiography of impact of the Information and Communication Technologies in several important sectors of the society. The World Summit on Information Society (WSIS), held in two phases in 2003 and 2005, left an unfinished task to members of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the global village in general, which, build an equitable and inclusive information society that tends to provide equal development opportunities to everyone in the world and on the same terms. Within this context, the telecommunication authorities of Ecuadorian Government have made a preliminary assessment of indicators established on the "World Development Report of Telecommunications / ICT 2010 - Verification of the WSIS objectives" that allows for a pattern to analyze the performance of stated goals, to reinforce the work that has been going on, and to define strategies to impulse initiatives from the public, private and civil sectors, and to contribute together in meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This preliminary report permits us to observe the significant progress achieved in Ecuador in regard to access and use of ICT in the fields of infrastructure for access, health, education, government, etc. The product is a result of efforts from different sectors of the society. However, it is clear that a lot of remains to be done; for this reason, is essential to implement coordination mechanisms for evaluation and monitoring of the various stakeholders projects, that permit and facilitate the analysis of compliance of initiatives, objectives and projects proposed; and execute measurement procedures of the indicators established with the ultimate goal of ensuring the successful achievement of the goals outlined in the WSIS.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Republic of Ecuador through MINTEL which define telecommunication and ICT policies, and SENATEL as performer of these policies, are executing strategies in the telecommunications sector, aimed at meeting the needs of the population, with the firm conviction to ensure the democratization of Information Technologies and Communication to the population, increasing and improving the telecommunications infrastructure. This preliminary report identifies the procedures adopted to obtain the necessary information to provide a clear picture of ICT uses in Ecuador. Next, an overview regards ICT indicators in Ecuador: There are several programs to connect high schools and elementary schools and encourage the growth of Internet access, such as the initiative of Banco del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (BIESS) that thanks to the successful strategic alliance among this Institution, the Corporación Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CNT - EP), Microsoft, Intel and Xtratech have allowed the delivery of equipment with advanced technology, differenciated price, genuine software, with warranty and quality for members and retired people to the IESS. The rate or percentage of schools that have audiovisual rooms, like a very close approximation to the schools that use radio and television with educational purposes, is still low in the country, since in 2009 there was 7% and in 2010 there was an 8%. Ecuador has 49 scientific and research centers. 15 of them are public universities and all of them, have now access to the Internet, enabling the development of technological advances in the higher educational level. The Ecuadorian government has made an effort of great magnitude to improve the bandwidth of the public universities, increasing the percentage of scientific and research centers with access to the Internet via broadband at 2 Mbps greater than 69% in 2006 to 100% in 2010. The National Network of Education and Research (NRENs), began with a total capacity of 450 Mbps connection in 2009, now connect its members with a capacity of 1Gbps. There is a positive evolution of the available bandwidth of science centers and public research (universities) to connect to the NRENs, enabling knowledge transfer and collaboration between countries for development. The average of the Internet connection for universities which are members of the research network is broadband, with a growth of 60.14 Mbps to 722.24 Mbps (2006-2011). The network Consorcio Ecuatoriano para el Desarrollo de Internet Avanzado (CEDIA) is the best network for broadband connectivity nationwide, and has been a prominent growth in recent years. The statistics show the low level of access to information technologies and communication in the archives sector in the country. However, this sector has understood the importance of these tools, and currently is considering several projects in this regard. On the other hand, it is important to note that websites of the Archives have not been yet fully developed, but are on track, so much so that they are developing organization projects and information management and especially to the qualifications and guidelines are developed for online publications for the content of the Archives of the country, needed to strengthen the knowledge and access to Information Society. This work will help to promote cultural heritage, strengthening and training the country's identity.

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On the issue of health, the information obtained reflects the impulse given by the Government to promote that all public hospitals have Internet access to execute applications that many agencies provide through access to web sites. The results concerning the impact of ICT in local and central governments, show that the number of officials connected does not exceed 50%. Although this value is encouraging, it is necessary to continue the policies and strategies to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in public management and administration through the use of ICT. However, the result obtained in the last four years (2006-2010), shows that the trend of Internet access by type of access has changed dramatically, taking in 2006 use 90% of narrow band, and in 2010 to 80 % of access is of broadband. The public entities in Ecuador have implemented in their websites online services in different stages of e-government (connected, interactive or transactional), with the principal goal to offering citizens better and more efficient services, and results in automation of optimizing the time management. Most of the local and provincial governments are on line, which represents a breakthrough in terms of information that citizens could access and which is available through Internet. It should also be noted that the Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information, established the obligation must have a website where the citizens can find information on government management, which is considered as an important element that has contributed to the large-scale deployment of websites, particularly in the last 10 years. In relation to language, it is necessary to emphasize that Ecuador is dominated by Spanish-language websites; In our country, there are three pages shared between Spanish and Quichua (Kitchwa). With this report, the telecommunication authorities of Ecuadorian Government presented a preliminary work, which despite not having complete information about the ICT access, however reflects the development of telecommunications and ICT in general and their important contribution in various sectors of our country. This document, together with the "Telecommunications Sector Analysis" recently developed by the Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, that outlines the current state of the sector, will be a valuable reference in the definition of the National Broadband Plan in Ecuador, which is being developed with the guidance of the Ministerio de Telecomunicaciones y de la Sociedad de la Información (MINTEL). This plan is considered as an important element of the regulatory agenda for 2010-2015 period, undoubtedly will strengthen regulatory decisions designed to comply with the National Plan for Good Living (2009-2013). The development of telecommunications as a strategic sector emanating from the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, involves the development of several important sectors in the growth of our country, so our commitment is to help the citizen revolution to advance.

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PRELIMINARY REPORT WORLD SUMMIT ON THE INFORMATION SOCIETY (WSIS)

TARGETS

1. TARGET 1: TO CONNECT VILLAGES WITH ICTs AND ESTABLISH COMMUNITY ACCESS POINTS

This objective measures the penetration of ICT in urban and rural areas, which is consistent with the fundamental goal of the objective that was formulated to ensure that all people will be part of the information society. Rural areas can benefit from the connectivity because through it can be made available to services such as tele-medicine, tele-education among others. This goal also recognizes the need to ensure the availability of public Internet access, fixed and mobile telephony.

1.1. RURAL POPULATION COVERED BY A MOBILE CELLULAR TELEPHONE NETWORK, BROKEN DOWN BY TECHNOLOGY

1.1.1. Introduction

Wireless communications systems have become the fastest-growing and largest in the different areas of telecommunications. There should be special emphasis in the benefits of mobile cellular systems, which opens the door for access to Internet services and multimedia applications using mobile devices. Moreover, it is important to consider the constant innovation of mobile systems, and the continued use of current technologies of second generation (2G) and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM of Evolution (EDGE) and CDMA2000, have allowed most of the Ecuadorian population has access to mobile cellular networks, while technologies for third generation (3G) and Universal mobile Telecommunications System / High-Speed Packet Access (UMTS / HSPA), technological advantages were significantly increased by broadband services. Therefore, an indicator has been defined in terms of coverage, which sets the percentage of the Ecuadorian population (urban and rural) have access to mobile cellular networks and specifically to the 2G and 3G technologies.

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1.1.2. Indicator Methodology

The coverage ratio indicator was determined based on the location of the base stations of the operators of advanced mobile services (EMS) and hence the coverage of the same on each of the parishes of Ecuador. In addition, it was determined by the country parishes which have coverage of mobile cellular networks belonging to the three operators currently have the Ecuador for this service. Later, using the population of each parish, it was determined by the number of people who have access to mobile cellular telephone services. It should be noted that these were classified into urban and rural parishes, according to the provisions of the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC). Finally, the number of people in urban and rural areas with access to mobile systems whether they are 2G or 3G, is represented as a percentage, depending on the total population of Ecuador. The indicator obtained in the first instance will establish the percentage of urban and rural Ecuadorian population that has access to the services offered through mobile cellular telephone networks. Moreover, it will know the percentage of users who have access to mobile broadband applications, depending on the technology, i.e., 2G or 3G. For our country is very helpful to have this indicator, because it contributes to the development of plans and projects to allow access in mobile cellular phone coverage to areas where currently there aren´t coverage and will also contribute to improving the quality of service in places that now have these technologies.

1.1.3. Indicator State

In Ecuador currently the operators have deployed mobile networks in second and third generation. The 2G systems entered Ecuador in 2003 and since then, have installed base stations with this technology quickly. For the year 2006, the 82.82% of the population had coverage with this technology. 95.81% of urban population is covered, while 47.84% of people in rural areas are covered by 2G technology. In 2008, coverage in rural areas with 2G technology was equal to 64.6%, a percentage close to that determined by the ITU for the Americas which is 70%. Currently, coverage of 2G technologies in rural areas is equal to 77.41% and it is estimated that by 2013 the coverage will increase by more than 6% in rural areas.

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Figure 1. 1: Mobile Cellular Coverage (2G)

UMTS technology is considered as third generation. It was deployed in Ecuador in early 2008, it provides voice, but is primarily used to provide broadband services by operators. The deployment of this technology was fast. 66.01% and 18.59% of the urban and rural population respectively, were covered with this technology by the end of 2008. The current coverage of 3G systems in Ecuador is about 78.52% for the population in urban areas and 33.45% for the population living in rural areas. Is expected that with the deployment of this technology there will be increase in the coverage of 9% approximately in both urban and rural areas by 2013, because the rate of growth in both areas has been similar since its implementation.

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Figure 1. 2: Mobile Cellular Coverage (3G)

The coverage of mobile telephony in Ecuador is practically with 2G systems, this is because these systems were deployed a time before the 3G systems and additionally, UMTS is deployed mainly in urban areas that require greater capacity for data traffic. It is expected that by the year 2013, the nationwide coverage will exceed 95%, regardless of whether 2G or 3G systems are used to cover the population that currently has no mobile phone coverage.

1.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations

Today, the mobile cellular phone coverage in Ecuador is similar to the average determined for the Americas for the ITU. However, it is important to ensure that the coverage in the country must overcome the projections made for the coming years. The state should ensure that UMTS will be deployed equally in urban and rural areas, this is in order to ensure that all Ecuadorians have access to wireless broadband services. The urban areas in Ecuador are almost fully covered, and this is the reason why the government and operators have created new projects that contribute to the deployment of telecommunications networks in rural areas of the country, which could even exceed the projected coverage established for the next three years.

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1.2. RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WITH A TELEPHONE, BY TYPE OF SERVICE (FIXED AND/OR MOBILE, MOBILE ONLY, FIXED ONLY)

1.2.1. Introduction

One way to measure the level of ICT access in rural areas is to determine the access to fixed and mobile telephony services at homes. This indicator is a key measure of universal service.


This indicator is obtained through surveys conducted by the Instittuto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC). This entity has been developing a project to obtain a list of indicators for measuring ICT, for the periods 2008, 2009 and 2010.


Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Rural households with fixed telephone N.A. N.A. 9.60% 11.30% 13.20%

Table 1. 1: Rural households with a fixed Telephone

Figure 1. 3: Rural households with fixed telephone

10

This indicator has had a favorable growth from the year 2008. The data for previous years is not available. Operators, central governments and the state seek to promote further growth of ICT accessibility, the constant installation of switching centers that connected a larger number of rural areas as much as possible.

Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Rural households with mobile telephone N.A. N.A. 51% 58% 68%

Table 1. 2: Rural households with a mobile Telephone

Figure 1. 4: Rural households with mobile telephone

The features of high mobility and ease of mobile service, has enabled a steady growth in this service.


In low-income countries, policies should focus more on universal access to improve the coverage and delivery of services to the community for fixed or mobile telephony services.

11

1.3. RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

1.3.1. Introduction This indicator shows a deficiency of Internet access in rural households. Although the Internet continues to expand rapidly, even in rural areas, the connectivity in these areas remains limited.

1.3.2. Indicator Methodology This indicator is obtained through surveys conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC). This entity has been developing a project to obtain a list of indicators for measuring ICT, for the periods 2008, 2009 and 2010.


Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Rural households with Internet access N.D. N.D. 0.90% 0.70% 1.30%

Table 1. 3: Rural households with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

Figure 1. 5: Rural households with Internet access

12


The Internet access especially in rural areas is limited, although there has been growth by 2010. There are several programs that encourage this growth, like the initiative of the Banco del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (BIESS) that thanks to the successful strategic alliance with the Corporación Nacional de Telecomunicaciones CNT EP, Microsoft, Intel and Xtratech have allowed the delivery of equipment, with differential pricing, and genuine software, warranty and quality for members and retired people to the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social.

1.4. LOCALITIES WITH PUBLIC INTERNET ACCESS CENTRES (PIACS), BY TYPE OF ACCESS AND URBAN/RURAL

1.4.1. Introduction

Resolution N° 073-02-CONATEL-2005 of January 25th, 2005, published in Official Gazette No. 257 of February 18th, 2005; contain the regulation for Internet Access Centres and cybercafés. This resolution considers the payment of a registry value and certification through a process that is done in person. From 2005 to 2009 were registered in SENATEL approximately an average of three hundred Internet Access Centres, when it was known unofficially, that in our country there were an older number of these centres. These Centres have contributed to the massification of the Internet, especially for the low level of Internet penetration that still exists in the country at the household level, especially in rural and suburban areas. Due to technological advances and security in message delivery, guaranteed through the implementation of the Law on Electronic Commerce, Electronic Signatures and Data Messages, it became necessary to consider procedures to attend the users through electronic ways. For these reasons the Consejo Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) with Resolution 132-05-CONATEL-2009 March 31th, 2009 issued new regulations on access centres to information and applications available on the Internet (known such as Internet cafes), which considers an online registration without cost, achieving a substantial increment in registration of such centers.


Information extracted from online records through the website www.conatel.gob.ec and granted a certificate of registration and also online through e-mail by the SENATEL.

13


The indicator represents the record of Centres of Information and applications available on the web (Internet cafes).

Figure 1. 6: N° Localities with public Internet access (registered cybercafés)

Year 20061 20072 2008 2009 2010 20113

Records 280 290 307 1355 1860 1926

Table 1. 4: Localities with public Internet access centre by type of access

The information provided by the Ministerio de Telecomuniaciones y Sociedad de la Información (MINTEL) is only available for 2010. And in this entity there are projects that will allow growth in the coming years.


Ecuador has up to 1926 centres for access to information and applications available on the Internet, known as registered Internet cafes till may 2011. With the new regulation issued by the CONATEL in 2009, there is a significant increase in such registration, in view of the facilities for it, since it is online and without cost.

1 Anual Average 2 Anual Average 3 May 2011

15

2. TARGET 2: TO CONNECT UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES, SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND PRIMARY SCHOOLS WITH ICTS

Target 2 recognizes many benefits of access to ICT infrastructure in education systems. ICT connectivity in schools provides students new resources and teaching tools, enables them to acquire the skills needed in the information society, improving administrative processes and provides support for teachers training. Outside school hours, schools with access to ICT provide access to the community, including marginalized groups.

2.1. SCHOOLS WITH A RADIO USED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES;

2.2. SCHOOLS WITH A TELEVISION USED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES 4

2.2.1. Introduction

Educational institutions (schools and colleges) could access educational content through radio and television as a valid alternative to access to computers. The measurement of educational institutions that have audiovisual rooms can be taken as a measure very close to that required by the ITU through the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), due to the information available to schools with radio and television for educational purposes is not available at this time.


This indicator is obtained through information provided by the Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador, through the Dirección del Sistema Integrado de Tecnología para la Escuelas y la Comunidad (SITEC), which has been developing a project for indicators survey and measurement of ICT penetration. The information provided by SITEC is not directly related to indicators of schools that have radio and television devices for educational purposes, the information corresponded to educational institutions (schools and colleges) that have audio-visual room.

4 Both 2.1. and 2.2. indicators are included in the same analyze

16


Figure 2. 1: Educational institutions with audiovisual room

2009 2010

Educative Institutions Índice Total % index total %

Fiscal 486 18691 3% 524 18662 3%

Fiscomisional 108 713 15% 120 673 18%

Municipal 18 415 4% 22 345 6%

Particular 1.326 6582 20% 1.388 6201 22%

Total 1.938 26401 7% 2.054 25881 8%

Table 2. 1: Schools with a television used for educational purposes

The information presented in the Figure shows the total number of educational institutions disaggregated by type of school, that is, public and private. In addition, presents the total institutions with audiovisual room for 2009 and 2010. Above information is not presented because the data are not available.

2.2.4. Conclusions and Recommendations The number of educational institutions with an audiovisual room, radio and television for educational purposes could be considered low in the country. In 2009 there were 1938 institutions from 26,401 in total which corresponds to 7%, in 2010 a slight increase to 2054 from 25,881 institutions, which corresponds to 8%.

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2.3. SCHOOLS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

2.3.1. Introduction

Throughout the time, education has seen the need to incorporate ICT intensively, which has been evolved in different stages. Several concepts describe this phenomenon: computer-assisted instruction, educational multimedia, distance education, web-based learning, e-Learning, etc. ICT is considered a powerful tool that can substantially improve the quality of teaching. The curriculum, teaching and learning materials, can generate an integration technology that can be helpful for the teacher.


The measurement of this indicator was obtained through information provided by the Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador, through the Dirección del Sistema Integrado de Tecnología para la Escuelas y la Comunidad (SITEC) of its Archivo Maestro de Instituciones Educativas (AMIE), which has been developing a project to lifting of indicators for measuring ICT. The SITEC information doesn’t contain data about the type of access (narrowband or broadband), but provides very interesting and useful information about the type of educational institution in Ecuador, such as public and private for the years 2009 and 2010. Unfortunately no historical information was obtained from 2006 to 2008, due to the Ministerio de Educación did not have that information.


The following Figure presents data for 2009 and 2010 years with regard to the number of educational institutions public and private that have access to the Internet. Also show the increment in the number of institutions with access to Internet in 2009 and 2010 years.

18

Figure 2. 2: Educational Institutions with Internet access for educational purpose

In order to have a better idea of the number of educational institutions with access to Internet in Ecuador, it developed a new Figure showing the relationship or percentage rate. This Figure shows that private educational institutions have a higher percentage of institutions with access to Internet than public ones. We can also see that of all educational institutions, a 15% had Internet access in 2009. By 2010, we can see an increment of 3 point percentage.

2009 2010

Educative Institutionsindex Total % index Total %

Fiscal 1.673 18691 9% 1.990 18662 11%

Fiscomisional 197 713 28% 213 673 32%

Municipal 24 415 6% 44 345 13%

Particular 2.116 6582 32% 2.313 6201 37%

Total 4.010 26401 15% 4.560 25881 18%

Table 2. 2: Percentage of schools with Internet access

19


The information obtained shows that the percentage of Internet access in educational entities in Ecuador is still low if we consider that in 2010 only 18% of the institutions had had access to Internet. We could also conclude that the private educative institutions have an older access to Internet before the public ones.

2.4. LEARNERS-TO-COMPUTER RATIO

2.4.1. Introduction

The computer now becomes a major element in the learning process of students, accompanied by connectivity, access to information, communication and networking and collaborative work.


This indicator was provided by the Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador. Each school records its own computer infrastructure. The Ministerio de Educación collects and stores that information in the Archivo Maestro de Instituciones Educativas (AMIE).


The base is used to define the number of students per computer 1 computer for 25 students.


The indicator provided by the Ministerio de Educación defines that the number of students per computer is 25 students.

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3. TARGET 3: TO CONNECT SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES WITH ICTS

Target 3 is aimed at connecting scientists and research centers with ICT, as well as monitoring cooperation among stakeholders, i.e. State, Universities and Research Centers, which should promote affordable and reliable Internet connection with high speed for all universities and research institutions, thus facilitating knowledge sharing among these institutions. The connection between scientific and research centres and universities in a national network of education and research (NRENs), plays a fundamental role in information and knowledge production, scientific discoveries, could also help in promoting the human capital and economic development. It is therefore essential to encourage access to ICT for scientific research and monitoring of the power and range of academic and research networks around the world. In Ecuador’s case there is great progress in access to the Internet via broadband, in scientific and research centers including universities, reaching in most cases up to 100 percent on the indicator by 2010.

3.1. SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS

3.1.1. Introduction

The centers of scientific and research institutes are named in Ecuador as those entities that in their work have a space exclusively for the investigation of a particular topic. By 2010 there were 49 scientific research centers in Ecuador, which is segmented into the following categories: 15 public universities; 11 scientific and research centers both public and private, dedicated solely to this purpose. 23 scientific and research centers located in private universities.


For the preparation of this indicator, information was obtained from the government agency called the Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior Ciencia y Tecnología (SENESCYT) responsible for regulation of higher education and research. Telephone inquiries were made to each of science centers and public research (universities) that are part of the statistics. For presentation of results is considered as broadband, the Internet access at speeds above 256 Kbps due to the regulation of Ecuador and speeds above 2 Mbps as recommended by the ITU.

22


Then there is the increasing number of scientists and research centers (public universities) with access to the Internet between the period of 2006 2010.

Figure 3. 1: Scientific and research centres with broadband Internet access ( > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps)

Figure 3. 2: Scientific and research centres with broadband Internet access (> 2 Mbps)

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Figure 3. 3: Percentage scientific and research centres (universities) with broadband Internet access ( > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps)

Figure 3. 4: Percentage scientific and research centres (universities) with broadband Internet access ( > 2 Mbps)


Ecuador has 49 scientific and research centers, of which 15 are public universities and now, all of them, have Internet access. The Ecuadorian government has conducted a big effort to improve the bandwidth of the research centers (public universities), increasing the percentage of scientific and research centers with Internet access via broadband.

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3.2. PRESENCE OF A NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK (NREN), BY BANDWIDTH CAPACITY (MBIT/S).

3.2.1. Introduction

In Ecuador there is a national network of education and research called Consorcio Ecuatoriano para el Desarrollo del Internet Avanzado (CEDIA), which began in Ecuador in 2003, being a member of the Corporación Latinoamericana de Redes Avanzadas (CLARA) also created in the same year, since then its members have been increasing until today and have a total of 26 members. CEDIA is made up of higher education institutions (public and private), government agencies, research institutions and development. This network began with a 450 Mbps connection at the beginning of 2009, which physically binds to all member of CEDIA. Currently, the members of CEDIA internally are connected with a fiber ring to 1 Gbps. CEDIA is connected internationally with the CLARA network since 2006, increasing its speed from 10 Mbps to 22.5 Mbps in 2009 and then to 45 Mbps between 2010 and 2011. Its growth is expected to be up to 155 Mbps in 2013. One advantage of the CEDIA network related to the ability to connect to the Internet, is the fact that has a contract to lease capacity global Internet, this makes them lower costs, which allows universities to keep connected with affordable costs. The provider of networking infrastructure is one.

3.2.2. Indicator Methodology CEDIA has historical information on capacity growth of the network from early 2009, so for this indicator is taken as the value of 2006 as 2007 and 2008 the value of 2009. Likewise for the representation of the network connection to the network CEDIA Ecuadorian CLARA presents indicator data until 2011.


There are two indicators: one on access to Internet of the national education and research and other related to the connection of the network to other international research networks.

25

Figure 3. 5: Internet Connection NREN (Mbps)

Ecuadorian Connection RNEI (CEDIA)

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Mbps 60 60 450 450 1000

Table 3. 1 Ecuadorian Internet Connection

CEDIA has Internet connectivity with speeds up to 450 Mbps, so the access to Internet is broadband. From RNEI Network to Latino American Network CLARA Ecuadorian Connection RNEI (CEDIA) to CLARA (Projection)

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010

Mbps 22.5 22.5 22.5 45

Tabla 3. 2 Ecuadorian Internet Connection

The connection of Internet speed is also classified as a broadband connection, but its speed is 10 times lower than the national connection.

26


Ecuador has an education and research network known as CEDIA, to which is not all universities from Ecuador are part of. The national network of education and research (NRENs), began with a total capacity of 450 Mbps connection in 2009, now connecting its members with a capacity of 1Gbps. We believe that in Ecuador, in academic sector there is the best connectivity infrastructure in relation to otherwise. CEDIA has the best network for broadband connectivity nationwide, and it had a prominent growth in recent years.

3.3. NUMBER OF NREN NODES SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH CENTRES CONNECTED TO THE NREN BY TYPE OF CONNECTION (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

3.3.1. Introduction

This indicator shows the percentage of universities that are connected to research and education networks. Broadband connections are considered, those that exceed 256 Kbps speed (Ecuadorian regulation) and those that exceed 2 Mbps speed (ITU reference). In Ecuador, both private and public universities and research centers are connected to the network CEDIA. There are currently 26 members in the network CEDIA. Universities have the best Internet connectivity infrastructure, with regard to Ecuadorian institutions. This is consistent with the indicators presented in the WSIS World Summit on the Information Society in different countries, due universities must be the first to provide Internet access to be at the forefront of knowledge.


The regulation of Ecuador, considers connections with speed higher than 256 Kbps like Internet broadband access. Indicators with speeds above 2 Mbps are presented. Information has been compiled from 2006 to 2010.

27


Scenario considered broadband to speeds above 2 Mbps

Figure 3. 6: Universities connected to the NREN by type of connection (Narrowband, Broadband)

We can see that most of the Internet connection is broadband and that in 2010 all the member universities are connected to the network with broadband.

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Broadband > 2 Mbps 70.59% 70.59% 94.12% 94.125% 100%

Narrowband 44% 47.06% 5.88% 5.88% 0%

Universities 16 17 17 17 24

NERN Members (CEDIA) 18 19 19 19 26

Average Mbps 60.14 61.14 183.65 189.65 772.24

Table 3. 3: Universities connected to the Ecuadorian CEDIA Network

28

Scenario considered broadband to speeds above 256 Kbps as Ecuadorian legislation.

Figure 3. 7: Universities connected to the NREN by type of connection

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Broadband > 256 Kbps 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Narrowband 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

Table 3. 4 Universities connected to the NREN CEDIA (256 kbps) It also shows the trend of the total capacity of the connection of universities to research network CEDIA, from 2006 to 2010.


The current connection of universities to the CEDIA network is broadband, with Ecuadorian reference as 256 Kbps and international reference (2 Mbps). The Internet has increased from 70.59% in 2006 to reach 100% last year. The average Internet connection and universities which are members of the research network is broadband, growing from 60.14 Mbps to 722.24 Mbps.

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4. TARGET 4: TO CONNECT PUBLIC LIBRARIES, CULTURAL CENTRES, MUSEUMS,

POST OFFICES AND ARCHIVES WITH ICTs

Objective 4 acknowledges the multiple benefits of access to ICT infrastructure for the country's cultural development. ICT connectivity for libraries, museums and archives can also provide public Internet access (libraries, museums), access to online content, such as cultural information, academic and historical literature, among others, and it preserve the academic and cultural heritage.

4.1. PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS

4.1.1. Introduction

In Ecuador there were 575 public libraries in 2010, whose value has remained constant since 2006. At present, the Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas del Ecuador (SINAB) entity that is under the Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador. It is noted that public libraries in urban areas of the cities Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca are not in charge of this institution because they are managed independently. It is known that public libraries contribute to the development of human rights, especially freedom of thought, information and opinion; issues that throughout time have been subjected to constant and profound changes such as the use of current ICT.


The information at Ecuador's public libraries is compiled from the Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas (SINAB), government entity that is currently responsible for most of the public libraries. The libraries placed in urban areas in cities such as Guayaquil, Quito and Cuenca were obtained through the Internet. We present indicators of 2010, because data are not available prior to that year.


PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN ECUADOR

Year Total public

libraries

Number of public

libraries with internet access

% of public libraries with

internet access

Number of public libraries with

broadband internet access ≥ 256 kbps


broadband internet access ≥ 2 mbps

2010 575 128 22.26% 18 1

Table 4. 1: Public libraries in Ecuador

30

Figure 4. 1: Public libraries with Internet access - broadband


Ecuador has a few libraries that have access to broadband Internet. Existing libraries which are connected to the Internet with smaller capacities lower than 256 Kbps, so it requires the cooperation of institutions like the Ministerio de Cultura to collect information according to the indicators specified in this preliminary report.

4.2. PUBLIC LIBRARIES PROVIDING PUBLIC INTERNET ACCESS

4.2.1. Introduction

In Ecuador, most of the public libraries that provide Internet access to their users are those located in urban areas of the three major cities (Quito, Guayaquil, Cuenca), considering also that they are libraries placed in institutions that provide academic training such as: schools and universities. This indicator is presented for 2010 because data were not available prior to that year. Internet access from these institutions is provided through the use of an access point or through computer centers that are in them.

31


The SINAB is facilitated to a directory of Ecuador's public libraries under their responsibility. The contacts relating to the urban areas of Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca were obtained through the Web. They were contacted by phone.



Year Total public

libraries

Number of public libraries with internet

access


internet access

Number of public libraries providing

public internet access

2010 575 128 22.26% 19


Figure 4. 2: Public libraries with Internet access


Ecuador has a few public libraries that offer Internet to their users.

We recommend that the national government gives priority to this indicator, because the libraries are centres where a lot of people come and the increase of the public Internet access in this centres could contribute in the Internet penetration in the country.

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4.3. PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH A WEBSITE

4.3.1. Introduction

Public libraries with websites in Ecuador are a few and correspond to libraries located in universities and in the urban areas of Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca, some of which provide digital information through its portal in the website, while others only show the physical literature that is available at their headquarters.


With consolidated directory of Ecuador's public libraries registered in the SINAB Web, we proceeded via telephone to contact each institution and find the information on this indicator.



Year Total public libraries


internet access


internet access

Public libraries with a website

2010 575 128 22.26% 4


Figure 4. 3: Public libraries with a website in Ecuador

33


The most part of public libraries with websites in Ecuador do not provide access to bibliographic information through the digital portal. It is recommended to inform the general public about these websites through which it can access to bibliographic information in physical or digital format.

4.4. MUSEUMS WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS

4.4.1. Introduction

Information and Communication Technologies are a way to provide essential information about cultural heritage of a country. Museums are institutions which are at the service of society to encourage its development, therefore, it must be connected to today’s world, for this reason it is essential to have access to the Internet.


The list of museums in Ecuador was obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (INPC), this list was current in October 2010, and based on such information which have been collected as an indicator data through emails, phone calls and website. Indicators are presented from 2006 to 2010 and they are considered to the broadband Internet access speed more than 256 Kbps. Additionally indicators are considering broadband speed above 2 Mbps, due to the definition of broadband ITU. In the list provided by the INPC in Ecuador there are 99 museums. The sample was taken from 68 museums.


This Figure shows the number of museums with Internet access, it is divided into museums with Broadband Internet access > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps,> 2 Mbps and those which do not have broadband that is < 256 Kbps.

34

Figure 4. 4: Museums with Internet access

Below is the percentage of museums with Internet access and the total number of museums connected:

Year Number of

respondents Museums

Number of Museums with

Internet access

% of Museums with

Internet access

2006 68 19 28%

2007 68 20 29%

2008 68 21 31%

2009 68 28 41%

2010 68 36 53%

Table 4. 4 Museums with Internet access

35

Below there is the percentage of museums with Internet access, divided into museums with Broadband Internet access > 256 Kbps < 2Mbps and > 2 Mbps.

Year Number of

respondents Museums

Number of Museums with Broadband

Internet access >256 Kbps < 2 Mbps

% of Museums with Broadband Internet access >256 Kbps

Number of Museums with

Broadband Internet access >2 Mbps

% of Museums with Broadband Internet

access >2 Mbps

2006 68 10 15% 3 4%

2007 68 10 15% 4 6%

2008 68 15 22% 4 6%

2009 68 24 35% 4 6%

2010 68 30 44% 5 7%

Table 4. 5: Museums with broadband Internet access


In Ecuador the 50% of museums had Internet access by the year 2010, taking into account the information obtained with the 68 museums contacted. The number of museums with broadband Internet access higher to 2 Mbps from 2006 to 2010 is less than 10%.

4.5. MUSEUMS WITH A WEBSITE

4.5.1. Introduction

Through their websites, the museums provide access to valuable information for a wider community which gets information about education or studies. This indicator gives an idea of access to ICTs by the museums

4.5.2. Indicator Methodology The INPC has the information list of museums of Ecuador, this list was current in October 2010, based on such information data were collected data on the indicators presented. The list provided by the INCP includes 99 museums, and gathered information from all of them by the year 2010.

36


This Figure shows the number of museums with a website, and their percentage.

Figure 4. 5: Museums with a website

Total Museums

Number of Museums with a Website

% of Museums with a Website

Number of Museums with a Website

% of Museums with a Website

99 35 35.35% 64 64.65%

Table 4. 6: Museums with a website


In Ecuador, most museums do not have a website. The availability of Museums with website would increase the diffusion of their content and resources. In the most of cases the information about the museum is part of information content in pages of Municipalities, universities and colleges.

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4.6. ARCHIVES WITH BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS

4.6.1. Introduction

The archives are the memory of nations and society, these contributes to the formation of identity and respect, preservation, promotion and enhancement of cultural and linguistic diversity and cultural heritage within the Information Society. In addition, it guarantees citizens their right to access to information and knowledge of its history. The files are fundamental to democracy, accountability and good governance. The archives contain files and documents which are Patrimony of the State and they are regulated by the Ley de Archivos Nacionales, which establish that it is the obligation of the State to ensure the preservation of historical and sociological sources of the country as well as modernize and introduce technology and management organization of the files. The investigation determined that in the last 2 years it has become imperative the internet access as a tool to research and better information management. The indicator assesses the number of files in the country which has access to the Internet, and discriminates the type of access, according to the definition of broadband in the Regulation of Ecuador and ITU.


To prepare the indicator, it was necessary to develop a survey with questions about the necessary information to the development of the indicator, which was mostly requested by telephone. We determined the existence of the Archives of the country with the implementation of a survey, which discriminated those persons who have Internet access; in addition, we conducted a sweep of records SENATEL Bearers, and in this way it was possible to determine Internet access capabilities of the entities.


Below there are the results of this indicator:

38

Figure 4. 6: Archives with broadband Internet access

These results have been obtained with 54.51% of the Archives of the country surveyed, each year shows the total number of files with Internet access data that has been obtained from surveys.

4.6.4. Conclusions and Recommendations It was determined that when there is a low access to information technologies and communication of the Archives of the country, which has plans to develop strategies to improve connectivity indexes of these entities. The Archives of the country have low access to information technologies and communication, but the people who work in these important entities said that they have planned to develop strategies to improve connectivity indexes of these entities.

4.7. ARCHIVES WITH A WEBSITE

4.7.1. Introduction

The development of this indicator shows the number of Archives which have who has a website. The research provides a total number of files involved in disseminating information, thus general public can access to certain types of documentation available at each site.

39


To prepare the indicator it was necessary to develop a survey with questions about the necessary information to the development of the indicator, which was mostly requested by telephone. We determined the existence of the Archives of the country with the implementation of the survey which discriminated against those who have Internet access; in addition, we conducted a sweep of records SENATEL Bearers, and in this way it was possible to determine the Internet access capabilities of the entities

4.7.3. Indicator State Below there are the results of this indicator:

Figure 4. 7: Archives with website These results have been obtained with 54.51% of the Archives surveyed; each year it shows the total number of files with a website. The Archives of Country were kept in an orderly manner, the websites are an evidence of this, allowing the display of electronic catalog to facilitate search of information and constant access to knowledge that these files can provide.

40

4.7.4. Conclusions and Recommendations Websites of the Archives of the country are not fully developed yet, but they are on the track of modernization process, there are plans for the management and administration of information and especially for qualifying and guidelines it must be followed to online publications about to contents of the Archives of the country, whereby it is needed to strengthen the knowledge and the access of the Information Society, with the aim to promote cultural heritage and train the country's identity.

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5. TARGET 5: TO CONNECT HEALTH CENTRES AND HOSPITALS WITH ICTs Public health services in Ecuador are managed and provided by institutions such as the Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP), Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS), Instituto de Seguridad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ISSFA) e Instituto de Seguridad de la Policía Nacional (ISSPOL), in coordination with the Ministerio de Coordinación de Desarrollo Social, el Ministerio de Defensa Nacional and Instituciones Municipales. There are also private institutions that provide public health services such as the Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil (JBG), Sociedad Protectora de la Infancia, Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer (SOLCA) and Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana. The MSP has organized health services defined by levels of complexity in patient’s care: In level I (low complexity) there are health posts, health centers and subcentres, which provide outpatient care, disease prevention and health recovery. In level II (intermediate complexity) there are the basic hospitals and general hospitals, plus the level of care I offer short hospital stay. In level III (high complexity) there are specialized hospitals and reference for the attention of the local, regional and national levels; it also conducts health education and research.

MINISTERIO DE SALUD PUBLICA

HOSPITALS

HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES

HOSPITAL ESPECIALIZADO

HOSPITAL GENERAL

HOSPITAL BASICO

HEALTH CENTRES CENTRO DE SALUD

CENTRO DE SALUD 24 HORAS

HEALTH SUBCENTRES SUBCENTRO DE SALUD URBANO

SUBCENTRO DE SALUD RURAL

OTHER UNITS

PUESTO DE SALUD

UNIDAD MOVIL

UNIDAD FLUVIAL

UNIDAD AEREA

UNIDAD QUIRURGICA

UNIDAD ONCOLOGICA

Table 5. 1: MSP Health Services

The health area has been potentially benefited with ICT services and applications. Target 5 of the World Summits on the Information Society which provides guidance for determining the level of ICT and the use and applications in the health sector, so that, ICT will improve the quality and efficiency of services.

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5.1. PUBLIC HOSPITALS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

5.1.1. Introduction

This indicator will reveal the number of public hospitals that have Internet access by obtaining a penetration rate of Internet service in the health sector, in order to get as many hospitals to have broadband Internet access.


Ministerio de Salud Pública is responsible for 132 hospitals located in different parts of the country, for obtaining the indicator 81 hospitals were consulted. Information was obtained through the systems department of the Ministerio de Salud Pública, by doing telephone calls inquiries to the MSP hospitals and analyzing Carrier SENATEL databases.


Figure 5. 1: Public hospital (MSP) with Internet access

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Figure 5.1 shows the impulse given by the Government for all public hospitals to have Internet access, considering the importance of compliance with policies designed to better serve citizens in the health sector through the deploying of applications and Web services.

5.2. HEALTH CENTRES WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

5.2.1. Introduction

This indicator will identify the number of Health Centres that have Internet access, as well as it will help to determine the penetration rate of broadband Internet access in various agencies of the health sector.

5.2.2. Indicator Methodology The centres and subcentres of the Ministerio de Salud Pública have been considered for the analysis and medical care units belonging to the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS), which gave a total of 1499 entities. Ministerio de Salud Pública Is responsible for 132 hospitals located in different parts of the country, for obtaining the indicator, 81 hospitals were consulted. Information was obtained through the systems department of the Ministerio de Salud Pública, telephone inquiries to the hospitals and as a result of the analysis of the SENATEL data was based.

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Figure 5. 2: Health centres with Internet access

The following figure shows the type of Internet access by health centers.

Figure 5. 3: Health community centres with Internet access

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Figure 5.3 shows that the penetration rate to broadband Internet access at Health Centres is low. Nevertheless, the Government is working to promote access to improve connectivity in Health Centres.

5.3. PUBLIC HOSPITALS USING COMPUTERS/THE INTERNET TO COLLECT/PROCESS/TRANSMIT INDIVIDUAL PATIENT INFORMATION

5.3.1. Introduction The management of patient information is very important in the development of the activities of a hospital, because the patient records include information of vital importance for the diagnosis by health professionals.

After having digitized the information it will permit to send it to remotely for observing and consulting with other professionals, when there are critical situations in patient lives. This indicator is expected to know how the information about patients is handled in different hospitals in Ecuador.


The information to asses this indicator was provided by the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social IESS and the Ministerio de Salud Pública.


Figure 5. 4: Medical records at Public Hospitals using Computers/The Internet to Collect/Process/Transmit Individual Patient Information

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Figure 5.4 shows that 21% of patient record in public hospitals is digitized transmitted and it is available for consultation via the Internet.

5.4. HEALTH CENTRES USING COMPUTERS/THE INTERNET TO COLLECT/PROCESS/TRANSMIT INDIVIDUAL PATIENT INFORMATION

5.4.1. Introduction

This indicator will help to determine the use of computers and internet at Health Centres in Ecuador, to collect, to process and to transmit patient information. In addition there will be done a classification of information according to its way of storage in paper or electronic, transmission and its availability over the Internet. 5.4.2. Indicator Methodology

The information to asses this indicator was provided by the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS) and the Ministerio de Salud Pública.


Figure 5. 5: Medical records at health centres


Figure 5.5 shows that 5% of Health centres (health subcenters and IESS care units) store patient records in digital form.

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6. TARGET 6: TO CONNECT ALL LOCAL AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

DEPARTMENTS AND ESTABLISH WEBSITES AND E-MAIL ADDRESSES The access to the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the benefits that the implementation of the e-government has its process in the governance and the democracy, increasing transparency and responsibility and facilitating accountability in the public sector it is considered vital to assess the advances made by the Government over the central and local areas. The compliance assessment of this target will allow to see clearly what the challenges are facing public administration to reform and completely modernize its public systems and the mode of interaction with the citizens, through the implementation of ICT infrastructure increasing levels of transparency and strengthening citizen participation.

6.1. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES USING THE INTERNET

6.1.1. Introduction

This indicator aims the percentage of employees who serve in the public sector that have access to Information and Communication Technologies. The indicator gives an element to analyze the extent to which ICT have helped in improving management and administration processes over the public sector and if it is necessary to redouble efforts to achieve a greater number of servers having technological tools to support their work.


Through phone calls to the municipalities and provincial governments, it was obtained the number of government employees of municipalities and provincial governments (Consejos Provinciales) with access to the Internet, compared with the total government employees from municipalities and provincial governments (Consejos Provinciales). In Ecuador there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 144 (65.15%) Provincial Governments: 18 (75%)

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MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 1: N° Municipal employees vs. Municipal employees with Internet access

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS

Figure 6. 2: Provincial government employees vs. Provincial government employees with Internet access

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From the information obtained, it can be concluded that for both municipalities and provincial governments in Ecuador, the number of government employees connected doesn’t exceed 50%, indicating that it is still necessary to continue with the policies and strategies to increase the effectiveness and efficiency in management and public administration through the use of ICT.

6.2. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES USING COMPUTERS

6.2.1. Introduction

The Indicator of government employees who use computers aims to highlight as well as the previous indicator, the percentage of the use of ICT by government employees, as a tool to support the development of their work and governance. Despite the document defines this indicator as not applicable, it was done an uprising of it for local and sectional governments in order to determine a baseline that allows to have elements on the current state of compliance.


The information to assess this indicator was obtained by making phone calls to the municipalities and provincial governments. In Ecuador there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 144 (65.15%) Provincial Governments: 18 (75%)

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MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 3: N° Municipal employees using computers

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

Figure 6. 4: Provincial government employees using compurters

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From the results obtained, it can be concluded that at least 50% of government employees in the municipalities and provincial governments have access to a computer to perform their functions. However, there are still a significant percentage of government employees who do not have access to this tool. The next step in the evaluation of this indicator would be to get information about the use made by the Internet and computers in public institutions and the actual use of these tools which helps the development of public services in order to define strategies to make better the use of the resources allocated.

6.3. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS WITH INTERNET ACCESS, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

6.3.1. Introduction

The use of ICT by the government of the Republic of Ecuador is called e-government, achieving social, economic and cultural goals, providing quick and effective solutions for the development of the environment through the provision of public services. The e-government involves central, local and provincial government entities. Regarding this indicator, the Subsecretaría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República de Ecuador attached public sector entities to e-government, to promote the use of ICT as a tool to ensure effective care of the formal citizens in the public sector. The indicator for the government agencies with Internet access (broadband, narrowband), allows to get information regarding the capacity that the government institutions have to implement and access to services and applications available on Internet to improve efficiency in service and delivery it to citizens. Within this context, and considering the national and international definitions for broadband, it has been performed a trend analysis in the connection capacity of institutions to establish the way they have evolved its connectivity requirements and associated with the growth of services provided to citizens.


CENTRAL GOVERNMENT The information management to asses this indicator of governmental institutions with access to the Internet, by type of access, was obtained on the basis of information available in Secretaría de la Presidencia de la República del Ecuador, nevertheless, SENATEL conducted an investigation of the bandwidths of the value-added service on the Internet that the public entities to have contracted with licensed providers. The information data has been taken from 2006 to 2010.

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It is important to mention that the information provided by authorized Value-Added Service Providers authorized, was corroborated just to find more information about public entities to asses this indicator. Ecuadorian laws consider broadband connections above 256 Kbps instead of 2 Mbps. PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS To asses this indicator Carriers Services databases registered in SENATEL were consulted for collecting information, available until 2010 and the first half of 2011, also telephone surveys were made to responsible people in Information Systems and/or websites of each Municipality and Provincial Government. In Ecuador there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 144 (65.15%) Provincial Governments: 18 (75%) For the definition of broadband access is considered: Ecuador> = 256 Kbps ITU> = 2 Mbps

6.3.3. Indicator State CENTRAL GOVERNMENT Total Central Government Entities: 33 (2010).

% of Government Institutions with Internet access, by type of access

Type of access 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Institutions Internet access > 2 Mbps 5 7 13 26 30

Institutions Internet access 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps 15 17 15 5 3

Institutions Internet access < 256 Kbps 2 0 0 0 0

# of Institutions 22 24 28 31 33

% Bandwidth > 2 Mbps 23% 29% 46% 84% 91%

% Bandwidth > 256 Kbps < 2 Mbps 91% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Table 6. 1: Percentage of government institutions with Internet access, by type of access

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Figure 6. 5: Government institutions with Internet access

MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 6: Local government (Municipalities) with Internet access

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PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

Figure 6. 7: Local governments (Provincials Councils) with Internet access


In 2010, the Ecuadorian Central Government institutions that had access to Internet (greater than 2 Mbps) rated 80%. From 2006 to 2010, it is shown that the trend of Internet access by type of access (broadband - narrowband) has drastically changed, bearing in 2006 use 90% of narrowband and the 2010 an 80% broadband. In 2010, about 97% of the Municipal Government institutions had access to Internet broadband (greater than 2 Mbps) and 51.49% (greater than 256 Mbps).

6.4. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS WITH A WEBSITE

6.4.1. Introduction

Nowadays having a website is growing every day, much more for government institutions that have involved the e-government through the use of ICT to improve information services, it increases efficiency, transparency and public government.

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The implementation of a website represents for the country to obtain many advantages like having a local presence, nationally and internationally, having a virtual office for the public 365 days a year, 24 hours a day, providing online information services interactively. It is noted that an efficient exploitation of this tool should be linked with a high penetration rate to Internet services only in this way it will ensure that the bulk of the population has access to e-government.


CENTRAL GOVERNMENT Considering the information from the Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales, It was performed the analysis of the number of public institutions of central, provincial and government that own a website. For this reason this indicator was assessed through collaboration and coordinating of sectional ministries, national institutes, national councils, national ministries, supervisory authorities, agencies, financial institutions and other state entities. Just as the indicator was obtained for government institutions with Internet access, the Subsecretaría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República de Ecuador was responsible for providing information relating to this indicator. PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: The information to asses this indicator was obtained from the list of cantonal and provincial governments in the country by INEC website. Consultation was conducted over the Internet and the data was obtained about which municipalities and provincial governments have a website and which do not. The information referred to in the preceding paragraph was checked with the information gotten by calling people in charge of IT areas of each one of the municipalities and provincial governments. In Ecuador, there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 221 (100%) Provincial Governments: 24 (100%)

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CENTRAL GOBERNMENT Entities of Central Government: 115.

MINISTRIES INSTITUTES COUNCILS SECRETARIES FINANCIALS AGENCIES OTHERS *

27 26 18 15 7 2 20

27 20 16 13 7 1 18

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

100% 77% 89% 87% 100% 50% 90%

Table 6. 2: Total central government institutions

* Others: Superintendents, judiciary, legislative and administrative functions, Comptroller and Attorney.

Figure 6. 8: Government institutions with a website

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MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 9: Municipalities with a website


All institutions affiliated to the Subsecretaría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República del Ecuador had a website in 2010.

The data and its corresponding figures show that most local and sectional governments are online which represents a breakthrough in terms of information that citizens can access and which is available in Internet. Besides it is also necessary to denote that the Transparency and access to Public Information Law, resolved the obligation to have a Web site where anyone can find information related to government management, which is considered an important element that has contributed to the large-scale deployment of websites particularly in the last 10 years. The central government institutions average that had a website in 2010 was 85%. Complementing the indicator 6.3, all central government entities attached to e-government have a website.

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6.5. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS USING CORPORATE NETWORKS (LAN, WAN, INTRANET, EXTRANET)

6.5.1. Introduction

The use of data networks such as local area networks and wide area networks, undoubtedly allows observing the degree of organization of an entity related to the connectivity it provides to its clients. By having statistics on the use of LAN, WAN and others, it can be displayed to better the percentage of government institutions that have invested resources in order to have structured networks, sorted and ability to support new services and applications, to improve their management and their way of interacting with citizens.


The information to asses this indicator was obtained by doing phone calls to people in charge of IT areas of each one of the municipalities and provincial governments and also it was analyzed the information available on the website of each municipality or sectional government. In Ecuador, there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 147 (66.5%). Provincial Governments: 19 (79.2%).


MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 10: Percentage Municipalities using Corporate Networks

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From the information collected it can be observed regarding to municipalities that almost 100% have implemented some type of enterprise network (LAN, WAN, Intranet, etc.) and in provincial governments there have been implemented 100% of these technology platforms.

6.6. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS OFFERING ONLINE SERVICES, BY TYPE OF SERVICE (INTERACTIVE, TRANSACTIONAL, CONNECTED)

6.6.1. Introduction

According to the information related to asses this indicator obtained from the Gobierno de la República de Ecuador, public entities using ICT have developed interactive, transactional, connected websites offering online public services for citizens. The indicator of government institutions which provide online services evidence the degree of e-government implementation over central, local and provincial government.


CENTRAL GOVERNMENT The information to asses this indicator was obtained from theSubsecreraría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República de Ecuador. The information was obtained from public entities attached to e-government that present online presence services, interactive and transactional in 2011, in this regard, it should be noted that the Subsecretaría de Informática de la Presidencia de la República proved that the online presence service is known as online connected services type.

PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Visited pages are available for each of the websites of municipalities to determine which services are implemented. PRESENCE: If you only provide information. INTERACTIVE: If the Mayor and his officials have some mechanism of interaction with the public through websites such as online consultation or chat or access to social networks.

TRANSACTION: If transacting online can be done. TRANSFORMATION: If all services and government functions are performed online.

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To obtain the data, the IT areas of each one of the municipalities and provincial governments were consulted. In Ecuador, there are a total of 221 municipalities and 24 provincial governments. The sample was compiled as follows: Municipalities: 221 Provincial Governments: 19 Status Indicator Central Government Entities Total: 113 Displays: 113 entities


E-GOVERNMENT STAGES

PRESENCE PRESENCE PRESENCE

100% 100% 10%

Table 6. 3: e-government stages

Figure 6. 11: Government institutions offering online services

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MUNICIPALITIES

Figure 6. 12: Municipalities e-government stage with online services


According to the statistics presented above, we can see that ICT in the government public entities of the Republic of Ecuador, has been growing to the point that have been implemented on their websites online connect, interactive and transactional services, to manage the paperwork people gaining efficiency and automation of performance optimizing time resources management. It is necessary to know the environment from the point of view of the citizen and also it is necessary to organize a campaign to familiarize the online services offered by public entities. The information obtained shows clearly that almost all provincial and local governments are online, but many of them do not offer still public services through the implemented platforms and they are at a stage of presence or presentation of information.

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7. TARGET 7: TO ADAPT ALL PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULA TO

MEET THE CHALLENGES OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NATIONAL CIRUMSTANCES

Target 7 recognizes that it is necessary for all countries to invest in their people and the skills they possess, just as Target 7 it emphasizes in the importance of educational institutions to carry out the transformation into information societies. Besides the importance of ICT as a supplement to conventional educational mechanisms, ensuring quality education and equal opportunities for all, including marginalized groups.

7.1. ICT-QUALIFIED TEACHERS IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS;

7.2. TEACHERS TRAINED TO TEACH SUBJECTS USING ICT 5

7.2.1. Introduction

The qualification of teachers integrating ICT in their teaching and learning undoubtedly improves student learning and enhances the performance of professional duties.


Data was provided by Ministerio de Educación and corresponds to the last year of ICT issued in 2010 by this Ministerio through the Sistema Nacional de Desarrollo Profesional Educativo (SIPROFE). They apply for the first two indicators ICT-qualified Teachers in Primary and Secondary schools and Teachers indicators with ICT skills in primary and secondary schools and Teachers are trained to teach subjects using ICT.


Figure 7.1 shows that 3% are ICT-qualified Teachers in Primary and Secondary schools and Teachers are trained to teach subjects using ICT.

5 Both 7.1. and 7.2. indicators are included in the same analyze

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Figure 7. 1: Adapt the curriculum of primary and secondary achievement of objectives of the Information Society, ITCs

Year 2010 Percentage

ICT-qualified teachers in primary and secondary schools 7.406 3% Teachers trained to teach subjects using ICT 7.406 3% Schools with computer-assisted instruction 8.410 32%

Total Teachers 229.056 Total Schools 25.881

Table 7. 1: Teaching and studying programs (Primary and Secondary Schools)


From the Figure and Table 7.1 showed above it can be seen that ICT-qualified Teachers in Primary and Secondary schools and Teachers are trained to teach subjects using ICT indicators reach a value of 3%.

7.3. SCHOOLS WITH COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION

7.3.1. Introduction

The introduction of computers and integrating ICT in teaching and learning activities undoubtedly improves student learning.

In education, the computer is a tool that strengthens teaching - learning processes.

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7.3.2. Indicator Methodology The indicator has been prepared with information provided by the Ministerio de Educación.


Figure 7.2 shows that schools with computer-assisted instruction reach 32%.

Figure 7. 2: Adapt the curriculum of primary and secondary achievement of objectives of the Information Society, ITCs


The indicator for schools with computer-assisted instruction reach a relatively low value, which is 32%, that is why, it is necessary to strengthen the access of schools to a computer, through the establishment of plans and programs that use adoption increases.

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8. TARGET 8: TO ENSURE THAT ALL OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION HAVE ACCESS

TO TELEVISION AND RADIO SERVICES

This objective focuses specifically on the use of broadcasting technologies, which are often referred to ancient and traditional ICT, so that countries integrate into the information society. Besides facilitating access to information and news, even to the illiterate population and in case of emergency, broadcasting services can also be used for educational purposes. They are a complement to the print media and its importance is revealed especially in the countries and areas where the level of Internet penetration is relatively low or where the availability of online content in local languages is limited.

8.1. HOUSEHOLDS WITH A RADIO

8.1.1. Introduction

Radio remains the transmitting device of information and entertainment prevalent in many low development countries. Radios do not require electricity and they are cheaper than televisions. There are initiatives to reduce the cost of operating a radio close to zero on devices that do not require batteries.


To asses this indicator was possible thanks to the modules of the polls conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), the same that has been developing draft polls of indicators of ICT measurement within households, data exist for periods 2008, 2009 and 2010.


Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Households with a radio N.A. N.A. 44% 41% 42%

Table 8. 1: Households with a radio

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Figure 8. 1: Households with a radio


The intent of this indicator should go beyond the fact of owning a radio or sound system, it must be used as communication media, and the ownership of this communication media gives households the connection to their immediate surroundings.

8.2. HOUSEHOLDS WITH A TV

8.2.1. Introduction

This indicator allows the international community to measure the basic access to broadcast service, but it is limited in several aspects so that many households may not have access to broadcast coverage and to use the device for playback of prerecorded material.


This indicator was possible thanks to the modules of the polls conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), the same that has been developing draft polls of indicators of ICT measurement within households, data exist for periods 2008, 2009 and 2010.

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Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Households with Televisión N.A. N.A. 83% 83% 85%

Table 8. 2: Households with a TV

Figure 8. 2: Households with a TV


The intent of this indicator should go beyond the fact of owning a television, it should be considered in turn using this equipment and its real purpose to communicate, to inform and to educate, using this tool to eradicate illiteracy promote cultural and educational instruction.

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8.3. HOUSEHOLDS WITH MULTICHANNEL TELEVISION SERVICE, BY TYPE OF SERVICE

8.3.1. Introduction

Multichannel television refers to services that provide additional programming beyond the free-to-air analogue terrestrial channels. The multi-channel services can be provided by Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT), Cable TV (CATV), Direct to Home (DTH), Satellite or Internet TV (IPTV). Multichannel Television Services are important because they provide higher quality services and more content, important factors in increasing the demand for television services and global connectivity.


This information was obtained from SENATEL that acquires the information through forms of the companies that provide this service.


Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Households with Internet access , by type (broadband, narrowband) 7% 7% 7% 8% 9%

Table 8. 3: Households with multichannel television service, by type of service

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Figure 8. 3: Households with multichannel television service


A radio and television device is considered as a communication tool, to inform and to educate, in order to eradicate illiteracy, promote cultural and educational instruction.

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9. TARGET 9: TO ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTENT AND PUT IN PLACE

TECHICAL CONDITIONS IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THE PRESENCE AND USE OF ALL WORLD LANGUAGES ON THE INTERNET

9.1. WEBDITES, BY LANGUAGE

9.1.1. Introduction

This indicator is based on downloaded information from the web, which after being processed shows the domination of Spanish language websites. Websites in Ecuador contain information from different sectors such as trade and business, government, entertainment, education, health, etc.


Within this directory, it was proceeded to click on each websites link and then they were classified according to the language. It is presented indicators of 2010, because not previously raised this information.


WEBSITES BY LANGUAGE IN ECUADOR

LANGUAGE No. WEBSITES PORCENTAGE

Spanish 1002 83.78% English 17 1.42% French 1 0.08% German 1 0.08%

Other 1 0.08% Spanish/English 153 12.79%

Spanish/ Quichua 3 0.25% Spanish/English/French 4 0.33% Spanish/English/German 5 0.42%

Spanish/English/German/French 7 0.59%

Spanish/English/German/French/Other 2 0.17%

TOTAL 1196 100.00%

Table 9. 1: Websites by language

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Figure 9. 1: Websites for language- Ecuador

9.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations Most websites in Ecuador are in Spanish, Quichua is the second most spoken language, there are 3 bilingual (Spanish/ Quichua) websites in Ecuador, which has prompted the government to promote the contents of the government sites have intended that Ecuador's indigenous population has access to the Internet in their own language.

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10. TARGET 10: TO ENSURE THAT MORE THAN HALF THE WORLD’S INHABITANTS

HAVE ACCESS TO ICTS WITHIN THEIR REACH

It is important to assess access to ICT and their effective use to ensure more than half of the world's inhabitants to have access to the benefits to its use. One of the most amazing achievements, that has exceeded all expectations, has been the success of mobile telephony over the world. 86% of the world's population enjoys mobile phone network coverage and it is possible to reach 100% by 2015, which would lead (possibly) to telephony services access for all inhabitants of the planet. In the same way it can be appreciated in Ecuador, according the direct proportion of global data, our country's mobile network coverage is 86.19%.

10.1. MOBILE CELLULAR TELEPHONE SUBSCRIPTIONS PER 100 INHABITANTS

10.1.1. Introduction

It refers to subscribers to a public mobile giving access to public switched telephone network (PSTN) using cellular technology, including the number of active prepaid SIM cards for the past three months. It can include analog and digital cellular systems (subscribers to IMT-2000 (third generation, 3G) and 4G systems), but It does not include service subscribers through mobile broadband data cards or USB modems. Neither should include public mobile data subscribers to mobile radio trunked private services, to telepoint services or paging or telemedicine services. It’s also included all subscribers to mobile phones that offer voice communications.


This indicator was derived from the information each mobile operator reported to SENATEL, and the population values were provided by the INEC for the years considered.


Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

SMA subscribers per 100 inhabitants 62% 73% 85% 96% 106%

Table 10. 1: SMA subscribers per 100 inhabitants

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Figure 10. 1 SMA subscribers per 100 inhabitants


The growth of mobile telephony service subscribers has been radical; it has to be considered that a person may hold more than 1 phone line. That’s why the penetration of this service has exceeded 100%.

10.2. HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS TO THE INTERNET, BY TYPE OF ACCESS (NARROWBAND, BROADBAND)

10.2.1. Introduction

It has been included for this indicator the number of fiber to the home/building Internet subscribers by installing with a download speed over 256 kbit/s and subscribers for which the installation of fiber goes directly to households or subscribers for which the installation of fiber ends 2 meters at most, from an outer wall towards the building. It does not include installations of fiber to the junction box or to the node.


This indicator was derived from the modules of the surveys conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), it maintained a survey project of indicators for measuring ICT in the home, data exist for the periods 2008, 2009 and 2010.

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Information 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Households with Internet access , by type (broadband, narrowband) N.D. N.D. 7% 7.70% 11.80%

Table 10. 2: Households with Internet access

Figure 10. 2: Households with Internet access


The information available shows a rising trend in the number of households with access to the internet, from 242,047 in 2008 to 427,333 in 2010, with a growth percentage of 5%.

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11. REFERENCES

TARGETS WSIS INDICATORS SOURCE

1. To connect villages with ICTs and establish community access points

1.1. Rural population covered by a mobile cellular telephone network, broken down by technology

• Base de Datos del Servicio Móvil Avanzado de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

• Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/publications/wtdr_10/material/WTDR2010_Target1_e.pdf

• Base de Datos de la Distribución de la Población del Ecuador por Parroquias, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec

1.2. Rural households with a telephone, by type of service (fixed and/or mobile, mobile only, fixed only)

• Base de Datos por Módulos de encuestas sobre las TIC del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec

1.3. Rural households with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

• Base de Datos por Módulos de encuestas sobre las TIC del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec

1.4. Localities with Public Internet Access Centres (PIACs), by type of access and urban/rural

• Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

2. To connect universities, colleges,

2.1. Schools with a radio used for educational purposes

• Ministerio de Educación, www.educacion.gov.ec

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secondary schools and primary schools with ICTs

2.2. Schools with a television used for educational purposes


2.3. Schools with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)


2.4. Learners-to-computer ratio • Ministerio de Educación, www.educacion.gov.ec

3. To connect scientific and research centres with ICTs

3.1. Scientific and research centres with broadband Internet access

• No se dispone de datos para determinar la situación global

3.2. Presence of a National Research and Education Network (NREN), by bandwidth capacity (Mbit/s) 3. Number of NREN nodes

• Consorcio Ecuatoriano para el Desarrollo del Internet Avanzado CEDIA, www.cedia.org.ec

3.3. Universities connected to the NREN by type of connection (narrowband, broadband)


3.4. Scientific and research centres connected to the NREN by type of connection (narrowband, broadband)


• Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, www.senescyt.gob.ec

4. To connect public libraries,

4.1. Public libraries with broadband Internet access

• Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas SINAB, www.educacion.gov.ec/interna.php?txtCodiInfo=103

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cultural centres, museums, post offices and archives with ICTs

4.2. Public libraries providing public Internet access


4.3. Public libraries with a website


4.4. Museums with broadband Internet access • Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural INPC, www.inpc.gob.ec

4.5. Museums with a website • Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural INPC, www.inpc.gob.ec

4.6. Archives with broadband Internet access

• Archivo Nacional del Ecuador, www.ane.gob.ec • Superintendencia de Bancos y Seguros de Ecuador, www.superban.gov.ec • Asamblea Nacional, www.asambleanacional.gov.ec • Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio e Integración, www.mmrree.gob.ec • Base de Datos del Servicio Portador de la Secretaría Nacional de

Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec • Asociación de Municipalidades de Ecuador AME, www.ame.gov.ec. • Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Ecuador, Anexo 1 • Gobiernos Provinciales del Ecuador, Anexo 1

4.7. Archives with a website

• Archivo Nacional del Ecuador, www.ane.gob.ec • Superintendencia de Bancos y Seguros de Ecuador, www.superban.gov.ec • Asamblea Nacional, www.asambleanacional.gov.ec • Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio e Integración, www.mmrree.gob.ec • Base de Datos del Servicio Portador de la Secretaría Nacional de

Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec • Asociación de Municipalidades de Ecuador AME, www.ame.gov.ec • Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Ecuador, Anexo 1 • Gobiernos Provinciales del Ecuador, Anexo 1

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5. To connect health centres and hospitals with ICTs

5.1. Public hospitals with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

• Ministerio de Salud Pública, www.msp.gov.ec • Base de Datos del Servicio Portador de la Secretaría Nacional de

Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

5.2. Health centres with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

• Ministerio de Salud Pública, www.msp.gov.ec • Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, www.iess.gob.ec • Base de Datos del Servicio Portador de la Secretaría Nacional de

Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec 5.3. Public hospitals using computers/the Internet to collect/process/transmit individual patient information


Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec 5.4. Health centres using computers/the Internet to collect/process/transmit individual patient information


Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

6. To connect all local and central government departments and establish websites and e-mail addresses

6.1. Government employees using the Internet

• Asociación de Municipalidades de Ecuador AME, www.ame.gov.ec • Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Ecuador, Anexo 1 • Gobiernos Provinciales del Ecuador, Anexo 1

6.2. Government employees using computers


6.3 Government institutions with Internet access, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

• Secretaría Nacional de la Administración Pública, Subsecretaría de Informática, www.informatica.gov.ec

• Base de datos de Proveedores de SVA de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

• Base de datos del servicio Portador de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones,

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www.conatel.gob.ec

6.4. Government institutions with a website

• Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales, www.mintrab.gov.ec • Secretaría Nacional de la Administración Pública, Subsecretaría de Informática,

www.informatica.gov.ec • Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Ecuador, Anexo 1 • Gobiernos Provinciales del Ecuador, Anexo 1

6.5. Government institutions using corporate networks (LAN, WAN, intranet, extranet)


6.6 Government institutions offering online services, by type of service (interactive, transactional, connected)

• Secretaría Nacional de la Administración Pública, Subsecretaría de Informática, www.informatica.gov.ec


7. To adapt all pri-mary and secondary school curricula to meet the challenges of the information society, taking into account national circumstances

7.1. ICT-qualified teachers in primary and secondary schools

• Ministerio de Educación, www.educacion.gov.ec.

7.2. Teachers trained to teach subjects using ICT • Ministerio de Educación, www.educacion.gov.ec.

7.3. Schools with computer-assisted instruction • Ministerio de Educación, www.educacion.gov.ec.

8. To ensure that all of the world’s 8.1. Households with a radio • Base de Datos por Módulos de encuestas sobre las TIC del Instituto Nacional de

Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec.

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population have access to television and radio services

8.2. Households with a TV • Base de Datos por Módulos de encuestas sobre las TIC del Instituto Nacional de

Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec.

8.3. Households with multichannel television service, by type of service

• Bases de Datos de los Reportes de los Sistemas de Audio y Video por Suscripción de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

9. To encourage the development of content and put in place technical conditions in order to facilitate the presence and use of all world languages on the Internet

9.1. Websites, by language • Registro de Dominios EC - ECUADOR, www.nic.ec • www.webs.info.ec

10. To ensure that more than a half of the world’s inhabitants have access to ICTs within their reach

10.1. Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

• Base de Datos del Servicio Móvil Avanzado de la Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, www.conatel.gob.ec

10.2. Households with access to the Internet, by type of access (narrowband, broadband)

• Base de Datos por Módulos de encuestas sobre las TIC del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), www.inec.gob.ec.

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12. ANNEX 1

GOBIERNOS AUTÓNOMOS DESCENTRALIZADOS DE ECUADOR:

• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Camilo Ponce Enríquez,

www.camiloponce.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chordeleg,

www.chordelegtransparente.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cuenca,

www.municipalidadcuenca.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Pan, www.municipiodeelpan.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Girón, www.giron.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Guachapala, www.guachapala.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Gualaceo, www.gualaceo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Nabón, www.nabon.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Oña, www.ona.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Paute, www.municipiodepaute.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pucará, www.municipiopucara.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Fernando, www.sanfernando.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Isabel, www.santaisabel.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sevilla de Oro, www.sevilladeoro.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sigsig, www.sigsig.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Caluma, www.municipiocaluma.org • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chillanes, www.chillanes.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chimbo, www.municipiodechimbo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Echeandía, www.echeandia.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Guaranda, www.guaranda.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Las Naves,

www.municipiodelasnaves.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Miguel de Bolívar,

www.municipiosanmiguel.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Azogues, www.azogues.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Biblián, www.biblian.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cañar, www.canar.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Deleg, www.municipalidaddeleg.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Tambo • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón La Troncal, www.latroncal.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Suscal • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Bolívar, www.municipiodebolivar.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Espejo, www.imiespejo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Mira, www.municipiodemira.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Montúfar, www.gobiernomontufar.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Pedro de Huaca, www.huaca.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Tulcán, www.gmtulcan.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Alausí, www.municipiodealausi.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chambo,

www.municipiodechambo.gob.ec

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• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chunchi, www.municipiodechunchi.gov.ec

• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Colta, www.municipiodecolta.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cumandá, www.cumanda.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Guamote,

www.municipiodeguamote.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Guano, www.municipiodeguano.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pallatanga,

www.municipiodepallatanga.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Penipe, www.penipe.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Riobamba,

www.municipioderiobamba.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón La Mana • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Latacunga, www.latacunga.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pangua, www.pangua.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pujilí, www.municipiopujili.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Salcedo, www.salcedo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Saquisilí, www.saquisili.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sigchos, www.municipiodesigchos.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Arenillas,

www.imunicipalidadarenillas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Atahualpa,

www.municipioatahualpa.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Balsas • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chilla • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Guabo, www.elguabo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Huaquillas, www.huaquillas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Las Lajas, www.laslajas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Machala, www.machala.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Marcabeli • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pasaje, www.municipiodepasaje.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Piñas, www.pinas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Portovelo • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Rosa, www.santarosa.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Zaruma, www.zaruma.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Atacames,

www.municipioatacames.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Eloy Alfaro, www.eloyalfaro.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Esmeraldas,

www.municipioesmeraldas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón La Concordia, www.laconcordia.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Muisne, www.muisne.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quinindé, www.quininde.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Rio Verde, www.rioverde.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Lorenzo,

www.sanlorenzodelpailon.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Isabela • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Cristóbal,

www.sancristobalgalapagos.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Cruz, www.santacruz.gov.ec

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• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (Juján), www.jujan.gov.ec

• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Balao, www.municipiodebalao.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Balzar, www.balzar.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Colimes,

www.gobiernomunicipaldecolimes.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Coronel Marcelino Maridueña • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Daule, www.daule.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Durán, www.duran.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Empalme,

www.municipioelempalme.gov.ec Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Triunfo, www.municipiodeltriunfo.gov.ec

• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón General Antonio Elizalde • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Guayaquil, www.guayaquil.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Isidro Ayora, www.isidroayora.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Lomas de Sargentillo • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Milagro, www.milagro.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Naranjal, www.naranjal.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Naranjito, www.municipionaranjito.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Nobol /Piedrahita, www.nobol.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Palestina,

www.gobiernomunicipalautonomodepalestina.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pedro Carbo, www.pedrocarbo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Playas, www.municipioplayas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Salitre • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Samborondón • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Lucía, www.santalucia.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Simón Bolívar,

www.municipiosimonbolivar.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Yaguachi • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Antonio Ante, www.antonioante.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cotacachi, www.cotacachi.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Ibarra, www.ibarra.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Otavalo, www.otavalo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pimampiro,

www.minicipiopimampiro.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Urcuquí

Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Calvas, www.municipiocalvas.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Catamayo,

www.municipiodecatamayo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Celica, www.celicanos.com • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chaguarpamba,

www.municipiochaguarpamba.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Espíndola • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Gonzanamá, www.gonzanama.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Loja, www.loja.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Macará, www.municIpiodemacara.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Olmedo • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Paltas, www.munpaltas.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pindal, www.pindal.gov.ec

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• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Puyango, www.puyango.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quilanga • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Saraguro,

www.municipiodesaraguro.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sozoranga, www.sozoranga.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Zapotillo, www.mzapotillo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Baba, www.municipiodebaba.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Babahoyo, www.babahoyo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Buena Fé, www.buenafe.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Mocache • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Montalvo, www.munimontalvo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Palenque,

www.municpiodepalenque.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pueblo Viejo,

www.sanfranciscodepuebloviejo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quevedo, www.quevedo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quinsaloma • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Urdaneta, www.municipiourdante.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Valencia • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Ventanas, www.municipioventanas.org • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Vinces, www.municipalidadvinces.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón 24 de Mayo, www.24demayo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Bolívar, www.cantonbolivar.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chone, www.chone.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Carmen, www.elcarmen.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Flavio Alfaro, www.flavioalfaro.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Jama, www.jama.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Jaramijó, www.jaramijo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Jipijapa, www.municipiojipijapa.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Junín, www.municipiodejunin.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Manta, www.manta.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Montecristi, www.montecristi.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Olmedo • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Paján, www.pajan.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pedernales, www.pedernales.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pichincha,

www.municipiopichincha.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Portoviejo, www.portoviejo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Puerto López, www.municipio-pl.com • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Rocafuerte, www.rocafuerte.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Vicente,

www.gobiernocantonaldesanvicente.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Ana, www.santaana.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sucre • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Tosagua, www.tosagua.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Gualaquiza, www.gualaquiza.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Huamboya, www.huamboya.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Limón Indanza,

www.limonindanza.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Logroño, www.logrono.gob.ec

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• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Morona, www.macas.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pablo Sexto, www.pablosexto.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Palora, www.palora.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Juan Bosco,

www.sanjuanbosco.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santiago • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sucúa, www.sucua.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Taisha, www.municipiotaisha.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Tiwintza,

www.municipiodetiwintza.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Archidona,

www.municipioarchidona.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola,

www.municipioarosemenatola.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Chaco, www.elchaco.gob.com • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quijos, www.quijos.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Tena, www.tena.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Aguarico, www.aguarico.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Francisco de Orellana,

www.orellana.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Joya de los Sachas,

www.munjoyasachas.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Loreto, www.loreto.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Arajuno, www.arajuno.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Mera, www.municipiomera.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pastaza, www.puyo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Clara, www.santaclara.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cayambe,

www.municipiocayambe.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Mejía, www.municipiodemejia.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pedro Moncayo,

www.pedromoncayo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pedro Vicente Maldonado,

www.pedrovicentemaldonado.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Puerto Quito, www.puertoquito.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quito, www.quito.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Rumiñahui, www.ruminahui.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón San Miguel de los Bancos,

www.municipiodesanmigueldelosbancos.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón La libertad, www.lalibertad.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Salinas • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santa Elena,

www.municipiosantaelena.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Santo Domingo de los Colorados,

www.santodomingo.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cascales, www.cascales.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cuyabeno,

www.municipiocuyabeno.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Lago Agrio, www.lagoagrio.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Putumayo, www.putumayo.gob.ec

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• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sushufindi, www.shushufindi.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Sucumbíos • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Ambato, www.ambato.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Baños, www.municipiobanos.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cevallos, www.cevallos.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Mocha, www.municipiomocha.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Patate, www.patate.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Pelileo, www.pelileo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Píllaro, www.pillaro.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Quero, www.quero.gov.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Tisaleo, www.tisaleo.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Centinela del Cóndor,

www.centineladelcondor.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Chinchipe,

www.municipiodechinchipe.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón El Pangui • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Nangaritza • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Palanda • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Paquisha, www.paquisha.gob.ec • Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Yacuambi,

www.municipioyacuambi.gob.ec

GOBIERNOS PROVINCIALES DEL ECUADOR:

• Gobierno Provincial de Azuay, www.azuay.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Cañar, www.hcpcanar.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Carchi, www.carchi.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Cotopaxi, www.cotopaxi.gov.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Esmeraldas, www.prefecturadeesmeraldas.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Guayas, www.guayas.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Imbabura, www.imbabura.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Loja, www.gpml.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Los Ríos, www.los-rios.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Manabí, www.manabi.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Morona Santiago, www.moronasamtiago.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Napo, www.napo.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Pastaza, www.pastaza.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Pichincha, www.pichincha.gob.ec, www.pichinchaldia.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, www.gptsachila.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Santa Elena, www.santaelena.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Sucumbíos, www.sucumbios.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Zamora Chinchipe, www.zamora-chinchipe.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de Bolívar, www.gobiernodebolivar.gob.ec • Gobierno Provincial de El Oro • Gobierno Provincial de Orellana • Gobierno Provincial de Tungurahua

preliminary report targets inf 06-07-2011 report ta… · miguel villacís sr. edison santacruz...

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