How Much Can The Earth Bear?

GDANSK THE CITY

459 O56 INHABITANTS

SITUATED ON THE BALTIC

SEA

•OCCUPIES 262 KM²

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One average family anually produces

litter of 1 tone

Paper → 30%

Organic waste → 23 %

Glass → 10 %

Metal → 9%

Plastic → 8%

Grubbies → 5%

Dust → 3%

Other waste → 10%

Sanitary severy systems discharge waste into severage systems

In 98% households sanitary severy systems are installed

30 633 995 m³ annually is discharged into the largest treatment plant ‘The East’

That means using 56 277 m³ / day by people and 4843,5 m³ by industry

PEOPLE MOVE:

40 % USE CARS

40 % USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT

20% CYCLE OR WALK

TOTAL NUMBER OF CARS IN GDANSK IS 177 554

The most threatening for our health substances are: - sulfur dioxide - nitrogen dioxide - dust - carbon dioxide

People workThe largest and most threatening the environment plants are:

• Refinery of Gdansk

→ extracts crude oil, refines it, distributes all products, such as gasoline, diesel, fuel oils,aviation fuel, gases

• Port of Gdansk → loads general cargo, coal, liquid fuels and serves passengers

• Siarkopol → processes sulphur and distributes allp roducts

• Naftopol → produces condenser liquids, lubricants and industrial oils

• Phosphate Fertilizers

→ produces fertilizers and sulphur acid

The most dangerous threats for environment are:

litter

fumes

industrial waste

sewage

LITTER

All waste from all over the city is taken to dumpings, There, bulldozers crush waste to save place and cover it with a layer of sand in order to protect it from birds and animals which otherwise would spread diseases The largest dumping is situated in Szadolki, every day 665 tonnes of waste is brought to this 72 ha dumping

THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS ARE:

The surface it ocuppies, as all dumpings are getting larger and larger Since it is badly protected, toxic substances pollute ground and surface waters Illegal rubbish dumping of waste and household rubbish in public spaces, which is both a heath and safety risk and has a significant impact on animals or forestry

WHAT CAN WE DO?

RECYCLE → which means collecting materials, cleaning them, sorting, to turn them into usable raw materials to make another product

REDUCE → which means buying lessREUSE → which means using second – hand thingsREACT → report illegal dumping

WHAT ELSE CAN BE DONE?Neutralization of wasteModernization of waste managementProtecting dumping area (bushes, nets)

Promotion of recyclingMaking sure that containers for recycling are avaiable everywhere

That should help change proportions…

PIZZA

FUMES

Pollution from cars poses threat to

people health, effects can include:

→ headache → skin rush → throat and eye irritation → allergies They affect the health of plants

and animals They cause global warming and

the ozone hole They cause acid rain, Other sources of air pollution

are: → industrial activity → central heating

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere and absorbed in clouds, dropping it increases the acidity of soil, water and forests

WHAT CAN WE DO?

Use public transport instead of carsWalk or cycle whenever you can, there are kilometres of bicycle paths in Gdansk and even more under construction

TRY TO CONVINCE OTHERS…

WHAT ELSE CAN BE DONE?

Modernization of energetic trade and central heating boilers

that has already reduced emission of carbon dioxide by 15% over few past years

• Changing vehicles from the old ones into modern and environment - friendly• Encouraging people to walking and cycling or using public transport instead of sticking to their cars

In order to reduce amount of toxic gases polluting air, plants are grown which absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

Greenery

• Woodland in Gdansk → 4 589,00 ha

• Urban green → 592,00 ha

• Allotments → 957,00 ha

that makes total: 6 138,00 ha

and means that 134,4 m²falls per one habitant,

including 100,5 m²of woodland and 34m²of

urban green.

Not bad, isn’t it?

THE SOBIESZEWO ISLAND

The place Gdansk is especially proud of is the Sobieszewo Island, enclosed by the Gulf of Gdansk and the river Wisla, the island being totally created by a man

•Owing to its natural properties and unique flora and fauna the island has the lagal status of the landscape protected area

•There are two birds reserves open for tourists: Bird Paradise and Gull of Sandbank. 300 species of birds, such as:

gulls

waders

swans

ducks

live here or stay during migration

SEWAGE

Water pollution is any chemical, phisical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living being that drinks it or uses it

Sewage

Sources of pollution:

•rivers and canals → 292 370, 25 m³

•sewage treatment plants → 36 006,05 m³

•industry → 961, 41 m³

That makes total: 329 337, 71 m³ annually

All this waste, icluding oxygen, phosphorus, suspensions, heavy metals and masses of bacterias flows into the Gulf of Gdansk

THE BALTIC SEA

9 countries lie on the shores of the Baltic Sea. 85 million people live in the Baltic drainage basin Owing to the fact that it is really commonly used sea area it is one of

the most polluted seas, either The key sources of pollution are:

port and shipyards waste sea shipping oil - drilling

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HOW DO PORTS AND SHIPYARDS POLLUTE THE SEA?

Ships leave oil waste, slime, sanitary sewage, oiled grubbies, Shipyards dispose of wastes of ship making Paints which boats are covered with get directly to the water

HOW DO PEOPLE POLLUTE THE SEA?

Great number of people living around and ships coming asore, means discharging lots of sewage and litter.

Sewage contains bacterias putting our health at risk, The most common pathogenic bacterias are those dangerous for

digestive, respiratory and urinal systems

HOW DO INDUSTRY POLLUTE THE SEA?

Waste from plants is dicharged into the sea Pesticides and fertilizers with rain water flow into the nearest

rivers , which carry them and discharge into the sea The most dangerous for sea water are nitro and phospho -

compounds

HOW DO SHIPS POLLUTE THE SEA?

They discharge waste into the sea water because it it a cheaper way of dealing with sewage and litter than their legal utilisation

Leaking oil from ships and oil – drilling rigs causes oil spills which are specially dangerous for birds, cleaning feathers they get poisoned by heavy metals

an oil spill

a poisoned bird

WHAT CAN WE DO?

WHAT ELSE CAN BE DONE?

Replacing some products such as paints or weedkillers with less harmful for environment means

Neutralization of waste Decrease of inflow of pesticides and fertilizers Modernization of water treatments More effective biological treatment, which is accelerating natural

biological processing Growing mussels which filter large particules from water

INDUSTRIAL WASTE

Apart from fumes and sewage industrial factories produce also toxic waste which pollutes the natural environment and contaminates groundwater

Toxic waste is often dumped neraby plants and places where people live causing epidemic health problems

Chemicals can cause:

→ cancer

→ birth defects

→ gentic mutations

→ death

→ behavioral changes

WISLINKA

In Gdansk it is Wislinka, which poses the the biggest threat to people’s health

The mound has been soaring since 1972, today it is 50 metres high, occupies the area of 26 ha and is built excusively of 16 million of toxic phosphoplaster

It is so huge that can easily be seen at the satellite picture

HOW DOES ‘WISLINKA’ INFLUENCE THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

It is only 50 metres distant from the bed of Martwa Wisla river and there is only leeking leeve between

Rain water goes through the moundand takes fluorine letting it get to the ground water and the river itself

The mound poses the threat to the health conditions of people living nearby

Asthma, allergies, skin infections, bronchitis are really common here

CANCER MORBIDITY IN GDANSK

Sick rate is twice as high as in Poland itself and among people living a short distance from the mound it is even three times higher

Cancer morbidity in the region of Gdansk versus Poland

WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO?

‘PHOSPHOPLASTER BREEDS THE MONSTERS’

WHAT DO WE DO AS SCHOOL COMMUNITY?

We take part in Zero Carbon City, the global campaign around climate change, the environmental impact of the city living and urban industry

Workshops, organized for students aimed at raising their awareness and stimulate debatearound gas emissions

Students organize debates around the idea of protecting environment They make projects about environment They take part in contests or other events, like the ecological fashion shows

We go on trips …

WE COLLECT PAPER

BOTTLE CAPS

BATERIAS TINS

CARE PAYS OFF…Gimnazjum nr 23 Gdansk