presentation about nepal - sosiaalikollega about nepal.pdffather as breadwinner earlier but it is...
TRANSCRIPT
Welcome!!
Presented by:Shiva Mani Risal
How Nepal looks??p
N i l Fl f N lNational Flag of Nepal.....
l d1. Multi‐party democracy (26‐28 political parties)
( )2. Conflicting (armed) party is major lead‐ing party now!!
3. Used to be king, but now there is president4. Undergoing constitution build‐
ing phase5. Possibilities for development
because of strategically sound position (between India and China)
General Information Area: 147,181 square km Population: 26,620,809 (2011)p , , ( ) Population growth rate: 1,4 % 65 and above: 4.4 % 15‐64 years: 61.1 % Less than 15 years: 34.6% Size of the household: 4.7 (2011) Infant mortality rate: 44.54 deaths per 1000 live births Life expectency: 67.44 (F) and 64.94 (M) Literacy rate: 58% (2008)P l ti b l t li 24 7% (2008) Population below poverty line: 24.7% (2008)
Religion: before 2005 it was Hindu state now it is secular state
Economy Agriculture Per capita income: $ 440 (2009) Industrial Activity:
agriculture products processing eg pulse, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, grain coffee teagrain, coffee, tea
Export: Clothing, pulse, carpets, textiles, juice, pashmina, jute goods, coffee, g p p j p j gtea,
Import:P l d hi i ld l i l d Petroleum products, machinery equipment, gold, electrical goods, medicine
• Possibility:y• Hydropower and tourism• Electricity capacity: 292,000 KW (1995)
Tourism• Tourism
Mount Everest
Limbini (birth place of GAUTAM BUDDHA)BUDDHA)
Possibilities:Possibilities: Hiking / trekking Bungy Jump Para‐gliding
( Land of diversity (Culture, language, religion, ethinicity, bio‐diversity, geo‐diversity)
Jungle safari Jungle safari Elephant riding National Park visits (tiger one‐horn rhino etc)National Park visits (tiger, one horn rhino etc) Mouuntain flights (aeroplane) Land of natural beautyy Home stay facilities And more than all these HOSPITABLE PEOPLE (GUESTS ARE GOD IN NEPALI CULTURE)
Labour
Labor force: 18 million (2009) By occupation:
75% in Agriculture 7% in Industry 18% in Services
Unemployment: 46% (2008)
Pension, Housing and welfare fund applicable in government offices onlygovernment offices only
Sick leave: for workers working more than a year, not more than 15 days a year5 y y
Maternity leave: for maximum of 2 times, for 52 days Leave is not a right, rather it is facilityLeave is not a right, rather it is facility Right to form trade unions for change and addressing worker’s issues
In Informal sectors:‐Eg transportation, construction, independent small hotels etc‐ No concrete social security scheme
Old age securityg y Health
Establishment of Fund in each district for treatmentEstablishment of Fund in each district for treatment Treatment amount around 20 Euro for poverty affected old aged at a time
Free Kidney and heart treatment to 75 and above people Establishment of 5 old age centers throughout country
Social security services Allowance of €5 per month to 70 and above
h f id f 6 d b €5 per month for widow of 60 and above Old age home
Mi i f hild d i l lf ld Ministry of women, children and social welfare operates old age home for 230 people since 1976
Around 70 organizations registered as private and public Around 70 organizations registered as private and public institutions for providing services
How are they taken care of?How are they taken care of? Son or daughter take care of parents as the property of
l ll f d h h k fparents is legally transferred to those who take care of parents. Legally children can claim the parental property, therefore it is a moral obligation for son or daughter to take g gcare of parents!!
FAMILY SYSTEM FAMILY SYSTEM Collective family system Generations living together in a same family
ALTERNATIVE TO WEAK STATE IN CHILD CARE; PROTECTION; DEVELOPMENT and OLD AGE CARE*PROTECTION; DEVELOPMENT and OLD AGE CARE
*I if f il i i ll d*In case if family is economically sound
FamilyFamily Father as breadwinner earlier but it is changing in the urban areasurban areas
Children taken care of by parents S li i h h il h Son can live with them until they want
Daughter can stay until they dont get married Every thing food, clothes, living, education and so on is the responsibility of the parents
Children Below 16 years of age For country of UNCRC 1989 All kinds of violence and risk to children are actions under legal punishment
No marriage below the age of 18 years Each court should have a juvenile bench. The bench jneeds to have a social worker, psychologist and a judge set in very informal setting.y g
Sexual activity below age of 16 considered as rape
Rights of the childrenRights of the childrenWe have all rights for children....
ill f UNCRC P ti i ti P t ti D l t 4 pillars of UNCRC..Participation, Protection, Dvelopmentand SurvivalF b f UNCRC For member of UNCRC
B l bl i i i i li iBut only problem is in its implication
blMajor problems......Child trafficking in names of adoption; girls trafficking; lack of
t d h lth d d ti t t t hild access to good health and education; poverty; street children; addiction among the childrens etc
Women Population of 51.44% Discriminatory law in relation to citizenship, property ownershipy p, p p y pand inheritance removed legally from 1990
For country of CEDAW, since 1911 Equal inheritance rights for unmarried daughters and sons, but need to return the property after marriage
Children can have the citizenship from the name of mother since Children can have the citizenship from the name of mother since 2006
Criminalization of domestic and sexual violenceC a at o o do est c a d se ua v o e ce Criminalization of marital rape (2002) Legalization of abortion under certain circumstances (2008)g ( ) Reduction in maternal mortality rate Legal provision for participation of women through quota system
fof 33% Constituent Assembly has 33% representation of women
3rd Gender3rd Gender Citizenship in the name of 3rd genderCitizenship in the name of 3rd gender Court ruling for issue of citizenship Legal recognition of LGBT Legal recognition of LGBT NGOs working for advocacy, awareness and human rights of 3rd gender peoplerights of 3rd gender people
Representation in Parliament and Constituent Assembly for making constitutionAssembly for making constitution
KIITOS PALJON!!PALJON!!