presentation for flame arresters 副本

Susan YaoBusiness Development Manager

SJD TRADING CO., [email protected]

www.valve4s.com\ “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””

general information – flame arrester• terminology• classification• legal foundations / norms• examples

product range of FireSafeTec• flame arrester• p/v-valves

“ENGINEERED for SAFETY””

FireSafeTec GmbH

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Flame arrester (FA)


Definition acc. ISO 16852

- device fitted to the opening of an enclosure,or to the connection pipe work of a system of enclosures

- intended function:is to allow flow but prevent the transmission of flame

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Application fields for flame arrester

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Flame arrester (FA)

oxygen

Ignition source

Flammable substance


needed when:

explosive mixtures (fuel + oxygen) are transported, stored and processed

ignition sources are potentially available (open flames, sparks, hot surfaces and others)

Precondition for explosion

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Classification according installation location

in-line flame arresterflame arrester that is fitted with two pipeconnections, one on each side of the flame arrester

end-of-line flame arrester flame arrester that is fitted with one pipe connection only


Classification according installation location

pre-volume flame arresterprevents flame transmission from inside of an explosion-pressure-resistantcontainment after ignition by an internal ignition source (e.g. a vessel or closed pipe work) to the outside, or into the connecting pipe work

pre volume in-line flame arrester


pre volume end-of-line flame arrester

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Classification by type of explosion

explosionabrupt oxidation- or decomposition reaction with increase

intemperature, pressure or both at the same time

deflagrationexplosion with subsonic speed

detonation explosion with supersonic speed characterized by a shock wave

unstable detonationduring the transition from a

deflagration to a stable detonation (spatially limited area, depending

from pipe diameter, pipe configuration, explosion group and

others)stable detonationwithout signifant pressure-

or velocity change

athmospheric deflagration

pipe- deflagration

volume-deflagration


Classification of detonation flame arresters

detonation

unstable detonation

stable detonation

DET 1

DET 2

DET 3

Designation according to ISO 16852:

tested for unstable detonation with restriction

tested for unstable detonation without restriction

tested for stable detonation with restriction

tested for stable detonation without restriction


DET 4

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Combustion process in a pipeline

stable detonationunstable detonation

detonation

most L/DN < 50 L/DN > 50

v an

d p


Classification by type of flamequenching

dry flame arrester element

static flame arrester elementmeasurable typemetal foil element

not measurable typegravel beds, sintered metals,

knitted mesh

dynamic flame arrester elementflow monitored

device high speed

valves

wet flame arrester elementflame arrester element with water

liquid seal, foot valve, hydraulic flame arrester

flame arrester with operating medium “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com\

Metal foil element – Core of the flame arrester element

• constructed of a crimped anda flat ribbon made of stainless steel

• precisely defined gap (measurable type)

• gap width from 0,2 to 0,9 mm available

metal foil element 0,7 mm


Metal foil element – Mode of operation

Flamequenching

Gap length L

Gap

wid

th S

W

Gap width to large:flame propagation


Gap width reducedor gap length enlarged:no flame propagation

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Classification by fire behavior – burn rating


no burn time

Burn rating BCacc. to ISO 16852

„c“

„b“

„a“

stabilized burningconstant burning of a flame under stabilization at or near the flamearrester element

short time burningtemporary burning for a certain time of 1 min to 30 min

endurance burningstabilized burning for an indefinite time

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Classification by fire behavior

Examples for applications of end-of-line flame arresters:


deflagration end-of-line flame arrester

deflagration- and short time burningend-of-line flame arrester

deflagration- and endurance burningend-of-line flame arrester

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Flame arresters and vents-safety requirements


Our flame arresters are compliant with the following regulations:

guideline 94/9/EG Equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres

EN ISO 16852 Flame arresters – performance requirements, test methodsand limits for use

Explosive atmospheres- Explosion prevention and protection Part 1: basic concepts and methodology

EN 1127-1

Our vents are additionally compliant with the following regulations:

EN 13463-1 Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Part 1: Basic method and requirements

Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosiveatmospheres Part 5: Protection by constructional safety “c”

EN 13463-5

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Safety technical basics


Classification of the explosion groups according to ISO 16852

Explosion group

Maximum experimental safe

gap in mm

NEC explosion groups

(USA, Kanada)

Reference gas

IIA1 (I) ≥1,14 methaneIIA >0,90 D propane

IIB1 ≥0,85

IIB2 ≥0,75

IIB3 ≥0,65 C ethylene

IIB ≥0,50

IIC <0,50 B hydrogen

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Maximum experimental safe gap (MESG)

testing device for maximum experimental safe gap

Maximum experimental safe gap(MESG)Maximum gap of the joint between the two parts of the interior chambers of a test apparatus, which when the internalgas mixture is ignited under specific conditions, prevents ignition of the external gas mixture through a 25 mm long joint for all concentrations of the tested gas or vapor in air.(IEC 60079-1-1)

Attention:The MESG is not comparable with the performed gap width of the metal foil element.


Flame arresters and vents -Safety requirements


Our company and our products are officially approved by a notified body under directive 94/9/EC:

notified body ident. no responsible for

IBExU - Institut fürSicherheitstechnik GmbH

0637 EC-Type ExaminationCertificate

IBExU - Institut für Sicherheitstechnik GmbH

0637 Production Quality Assurance acc. 94/9/EC - Annex IV

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Application - examples

in-line deflagration flame arrester in-line detonation flame arrester


FST - flame arresters - design examples

FST102

in-lineflame arresters

end-of-line flame arresters

FST103

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FST106

FST200

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flame arrester FST102

protective system:


in-line deflagration or detonation flame arresterIIA1, IIA, IIB3, IIC1/4“ to 2“

explosion group:

nominal diameter:

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protective system:


in-line deflagration flame arresterIIA12“ to 3“

explosion group:

nominal diameter:

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protective system:


in-line deflagration ordetonation flame arrester

explosion group: IIA1, IIA, IIB3, IIC

nominal diameter: DN50 to DN200

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protective system:


end of line deflagration flame arrester

explosion group: IIA1, IIA, IIB3

nominal diameter: 1“ to 2“DN25 to DN400

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FST – Type designation (example)

FST 102 / 35-3/8“ / D2IIAp1,1T60-a

device type

- nominal size (NG)(diameter of flame arrester element)

- nominal diameter (DN)(diameter of flange or thread)

application


FST – Type designation


device type

FST 1 x x FST 2 x x FST 3 x x FST 4 x x FST 5 x x FST 6 x x FST 7 x x FST 8 x x FST 9 x x

in-line flame arresterend-of-line flame arrester pre-volume flame arrestervalves with flame arrester element valves without flame arrester elementline-mounted valves pilot-operated valve-special equipment

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FST – Type designation application

type of protection

explosion group

maximum operational pressure

maximum operational

temperature

L/D-ratio

burning class BC


in-line deflagration flame arrester IIA p1,2 T60 L60 -bin-line detonation flame arrester D4 IIB3 p1,3 T60End-of-line deflagration flame arrester IIA1 p1,1 T60 -a

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Pressure vacuum valves


application

composition

mode of operation

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Result of insufficiently venting


Causes for overpressure

atmospherical warming

burning impact

filling

overpressure


Causes for vacuum

atmospherical cooling and rainfall

vacuum

emptying


p/v-valve FST420

protective system:


end of line deflagration flame arrester with p/v-valveIIB3+5 to +50 mbar-2,5 to -50 mbarDN50, DN80, DN100

explosion group:

setting

pressure:setting vacuum:

nominal diameter:

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FST420 – main components

Overpressure valve insert

Vacuum valve insert

Flame arrester element

Tank pressure

Ambient pressure


FST420 – mode of operation

Overpressure Vacuum


Documentation


following documents are part of our documentation:

• Test certificate acc. EN 10204

• Dimension sheet

• Pressure drop / volume flow diagram

• Declaration of compliance

• Instruction for operating and maintenance

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FireSafeTec GmbH

Many thanks foryour attention !
