presentation of data - how to construct graphs
TRANSCRIPT
Prepared by:
MS. MA. IRENE G. GONZALES
Mathematics Department
University of Santo Tomas Junior High School
How far can you remember?
COP + describing
predictions
totality
subset
values in between
descriptive attributes
How far can you remember?
COPAI
Direct method
Use of senses
How far can you remember?
laws
Indirect method
Previously recorded data
How far can you remember?
Equal chance of being selected
Every nth element
Groups or clusters
How far can you remember?
Groups of the same interest
Visual form
Paragraph form
How far can you remember?
Looking back…
• Differentiated the three ways of
presenting data
• Analyzed the different graphs
– Line Graph
– Bar Graph
– Circle Graph
GOALS
• Identify the proper ways/steps of
constructing graphs
• Use graphs appropriately to represent
organized data
Somewhere over the
rainbowJust Right Over my dead body
Right under the nose Looking out for
number one
Home is where the
heart is
Consider the data below:
Day Chocolate Strawberry White
Monday 53 78 126
Tuesday 72 97 87
Wednesday 112 73 86
Thursday 33 78 143
Friday 76 47 162
The cafeteria wanted to collect data on howmuch mL of milk was sold in 1 week. The tablebelow shows the results:
Bar Graph
A bar graph is usedto showrelationshipsbetween groups.
The two or moreitems beingcompared do notneed to affect eachother.
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346
53
72
112
33
76
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Day
Chocolate Milk Sold
Am
ou
nt
of
Mil
k S
old
in
mL
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
White
Strawberry
Chocolate
Examine the graph
How to Construct a Bar Graph
• Give the title of the bar
graph;
• Decide if a vertical or a
horizontal bar graph will
be used;
• Draw the horizontal and
vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes and
then label the graph;
• Draw bars with the same
width and space them
evenly on one axis.
53
72
112
33
76
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Day
Chocolate Milk Sold
Am
ou
nt
of
Mil
k S
old
in
mL
Do this on your notebook!
• Give the title of the bar
graph;
• Decide if a vertical or a
horizontal bar graph will
be used;
• Draw the horizontal and
vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes and
then label the graph;
• Draw bars with the same
width and space them
evenly on one axis.
Preferred snacks of students
during recess
Type of
Snacks
No. of
Students
Spaghetti 12
French
Fries
15
Biscuits 6
Donut 9
Line Graph• A line graph is used to show
continuing data; how one thing is affected by another.
• Shows the relationship between continuous data
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday FridayDay
Chocolate Milk Sold
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346
Am
ou
nt
of
Mil
k S
old
in
mL
10 11
1618 17
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6
Annual Sales of Gonzales’ Corporation from Yr 1 to Yr
6
Annual S
ale
s in M
illio
ns
Year
How to Construct a Line Graph• Give the title of the
line graph;
• Draw the horizontal
and vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes
and then label the
graph;
• Plot a point to
represent each entry
in the data;
• Connect the
successive points
using line segments
Do this on your notebook!
Draw the line graph for the following data
which shows the changes in temperature
(in degree Celcius) for 4 days in Quezon
City:
Monday – 25 degree Celcius
Tuesday – 30 degree Celcius
Wednesday – 32 degree Celcius
Thursday – 35 degree Celcius
Circle Graph or Pie Graph
• A circle graph is used to show how a part of something relates to the whole.
• This kind of graph is needed to show percentages effectively.
15%
21%
32%
10%
22%
Chocolate Milk Sold
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346
How to Construct a Circle Graph
• To compute for the angle of each sector by using the formula:
• To convert each frequency to a percentage use the formula:
degrees =frequency
totalx360°
percentage =frequency
totalx100%
Let’s see HOW you DO it…
Construct a pie graph given the tabular data
on the population of students enrolled in
USTJHS for the A.Y. 2015 - 2016
G7 G8 G9 G10
350 385 420 405
Choosing the Right Graph
Use a pie chart if you need to compare differentparts of a whole, there is no time involved andthere are not too many items (or categories).
Use a line graph if you need to see how aquantity has changed over time. Line graphsenable us to find trends (or patterns) over time.
Use a bar graph if you are not looking for trends(or patterns) over time; and the items (orcategories) are not parts of a whole.
The allocation of the monthly budget of a family
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart
The donations by each grade level of UST High School for the victims of
Typhoon Yolanda
ANSWER: Bar Graph
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
Changes in temperature over a week in Manila
ANSWER: Line Graph
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
The number of members per grade level for the Math Club for
S.Y. 2014 – 2015
ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?