S.D.M.PMECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

NAME: MANISH UIKEY DARSH WANKHEDESUB: PPRSEM: Ivth Topic: engine oil

INTRODUCTION:Motor oil or engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to lubricate moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.[1]

Motor oils are derived from petroleum-based and non-petroleum-synthesized chemical compounds. Motor oils today are mainly blended by using base oils composed of hydrocarbons, polyalphaolefins (PAO), and polyinternal olefins[2] (PIO), thus organic compounds consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen. The base oils of some high-performance motor oils however contain up to 20% by weight of esters.[

Types of Motor OilMotor oil can be segmented into four basic varieties—

synthetic oil, synthetic blends, high mileage oil and conventional oil.

Synthetic motor oil is a laboratory synthesis of precisely controlled ingredients created by oil engineers,

scientists and chemists. When combined with a high-performance additive package, this results in an oil with the highest levels of lubrication and engine protection, generally offering better protection at startup, better cleansing qualities, enhanced durability and better

protection against heat buildup.Synthetic blend motor oils use a mixture of synthetic

and conventional base oils for added resistance to oxidation (compared to conventional oil) and to provide

excellent low-temperature properties and are recommended for cars, trucks, vans and SUVs that

regularly carry heavy loads, tow trailers and/or operate frequently at high RPMs.

High-mileage motor oil is specially blended for older vehicles, or vehicles with higher mileage. Typically, 75,000 miles (120,000 kilometers) is the figure used regarding high mileage oil. Some high mileage, high-performance cars, however, will be better served by continuing to use a synthetic motor oil. That said, a special high mileage motor oil blend, with its unique additives

and viscosity, helps reduce oil burn-off, helps in sealing oil leaks and helps improve combustion chamber sealing to help restore engine compression. It all adds up to enhanced performance in

older engines.Conventional motor oil is what its name implies—it uses base oils enhanced in the blending process with chemical additives to help meet the manufacturer's desired levels of heat tolerance, breakdown resistance and viscosity (viscosity simply being a

technical term for the thickness and fluidity of the oil). Conventional motor oil can be had in a range of viscosity grades

and quality levels, from adequate to an extensively designed, high-quality lubricant. Conventional motor oil is recommended

for drivers with low-mileage, late-model cars whose driving habits can be described as routine—commuting, running

errands, vacation driving at relaxed cruising speeds. Today more and more engines require synthetic oil, so be sure to check your owner’s manual to make sure you don’t invite avoidable engine

problems or void your

Containts of oil:a number of additives that are put in to keep your engine clean and to "move the impurities" on into the oil filter (which hopefully removes them form the oil!l) Among the additives are detergent agents (unless non-detergent oil), anti-acid ingredients, stabalizers (they help keep the viscosity up when it gets hot). Some also have "mettalic additives" like molibdiumum., and chrme among others! we just added a can of "additives" like alemite CD-2, - or Rislone, and it was ready for several thousand miles more! Later on (after I got married 40+ years ago), I would take it to a oil "reclaiming" place in town, you took in a 5 gallon can of oil, and exchanged it for 5 gallons of re-claimed oil, -- this oil cost about 25 cents a quart, all you had to do from there,- is put in your additive and away you went . But now we are "saving the planet" by doing away with this oil in some other fashion, - so now we have to have a steady supply of "new petroleum" oil to make new oil from!--- I guess they think this saves the planet somehow!

# WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF ENGINE OIL???? ANS: About 0.8

density is 899.1 kg/m^3 at 0 C

Thank you!!!