ELECTRICITY

Photovoltaics

REACTANTS AND FUELS

for manufacturing and transportation• 1st and 2nd Gen: natural photosynthesis (biomasses, biofuels)

• 3rd Gen: Artificial Photosynthesis (reduction of H2O and CO2 to

H2, CH4, CH3OH, etc.)

WE NEED ENERGY FORTHERMAL ENERGY -

HEATING

Direct/Fuels

Artificial photosynthesis(3nd Gen)

Natural photosynthesis(1st and 2nd Gen. biomasses)

Photovoltaic(electricity)

PV-drivenelectrolysis

Refineryprocess

electrolyte/transport layers/…

MOLECULAR

ENGINEERING

tuning of device

properties

SEMICONDUCTOR

OXIDE

charge collector

ORGANIC/OXIDE INTERFACE

DYE/LIQUID-SOLID INTERFACE

90 mq, 24 kWh/day

(9000 kWh/y)

progettazion

e sintesi

caratterizzazione

applicazione

dispositivo

Donor

π spacer

Acceptor +anchoringgroup

* Enhancing optical properties and

light harvesting efficiencies

» Introduction of π spacers between

D and A groups

* Enhancing wettability

» Hydrophilic groups

* Enhancing the stability of bonding with

TiO2 in water

» Different anchoring groups

* Bio-inspired conjugates

» Sugars, Hydrogenases

H2O H2 + 1/2 O2

hv

THE CHEMICAL CHALLENGE:

Increase efficiency of multi-electron

multi-proton transformations

Solar efficiencies < 1%