president lincoln’s cottage, visitor education...

President Lincoln’s Cottage, Visitor Education Center, Washington, DC

Sustainable Stewardship Greening the Historic Sites of theGreening the Historic Sites of the

National Trust

Greening Historic Buildings in theGreening Historic Buildings in the 21st Century

Dickinson Collegeg

Barbara A. Campagna, FAIA, LEED APGraham Gund Architect of the National

Trust

The National Trust for Historic Preservatione at o a ust o sto c ese at oThe National Trust provides leadership,education, advocacy and resources to save America'sadvocacy and resources to save America s diverse historic places and revitalize our communities.

The National Trust HeadquartersThe National Trust Headquarters,Dupont Circle, Washington, DC

PROGRAMSOG SThe Programs department supports local preservationists in saving and enhancing g ghistoric resources.

The Boston AvenueChurch, Tulsa, OK

PUBLIC POLICYAdvocates the integration of preservation into public policies before federal, state, and local legislative bodies and appointed officials and pursues annual federal appropriations for state hi t i ti d thhistoric preservation and other programs.

COMMUNITY REVITALIZATIONAssists states and communities in the revitalization of business districts within a preservation context.The Main Street Program is one of the most well known programs of the Trust.

The French Quarter, New Orleans, LA

STEWARDSHIP OF HISTORIC SITESS S O S O C S S29 Historic Sites Across the Country that tell the many-layered story of America.y y y

Drayton Hall, Charleston, SC

WHY ARE HISTORIC & EXISTING BUILDINGS IMPORTANT TO CLIMATEBUILDINGS IMPORTANT TO CLIMATE CHANGE?BUILDINGS ACCOUNT FOR ALMOST HALF OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE UNITED STATESSTATES

Smog in the Hollywood Hills, CA

U.S. CARBON EMISSIONS

US = 22% of greenhouse gases/5% of world population

Griffith Observatory, Hollywood Hills, CA

Why Buildings MatterAnnually—

43% f b= 43% of carbon emissions are from the operation (not including construction)including construction) of buildingsSource: Pew Center on Climate Change

= 71% of electricity goes to buildingsSource: USGBCSource: USGBC

= 40% of raw materials are used for constructionSource: USGBC

R.J. Reynolds Factory, Winston-Salem, NC

GOAL OF THE NATIONAL TRUST’S SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMMAKE THE CASE FOR PRESERVATION AS INHERENTLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & CRUCIAL TO CONTROLLING CLIMATE CHANGE

Pike Place Market, Seattle, WA

SUSTAINABLE STEWARDSHIP PRINCIPLES

1 ) R i ti b ildi

SUS S S C S

1.) Reuse existing buildings

2 ) Reinvest in communities2.) Reinvest in communities

3.) Retrofit older buildings) g

4.) Respect historic integrityImage Courtesy USGBC

D li hi thiNegates the benefits of

li 78 000 000Demolishing this… recycling 78,000,000 aluminum cans

National Trust for Historic Preservation Headquarters, Washington DC

Source: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation

Photo: Planet Ark, 2008

Source: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation and National Trust for Historic Preservation

Reinvestment in Older and Historic CommunitiesCommunities…

Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, VA

Counters the threat of S p r a w lPhoto:USDA-NRCS

Retrofit Green…Retrofit Green… Many historic buildings are already energy efficient

Average energy consumption Btu/sq ftAverage energy consumption Btu/sq. ftCommercial Buildings (non malls)Before 1920 80,1271920 – 1945 90,2341946 – 1959 80,1981960 – 1969 90,9761970 – 1979 94,9681980 – 1989 100,0771980 1989 100,0771990 – 1999 88,8342000 – 2003 79,703

S C i l B ildi E C tiSource: Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey, 2003U.S. Department of Energy

Retrofit Green

• Many

Retrofit Green

Traditional Buildings Were Built toWere Built to Last

Old San Juan, San Juan, Puerto Rico

Retrofit Green

• Energy

Retrofit Green

performance can be improvedimproved

• Many rehabilitationrehabilitation projects are going greengoing green

William K Nakamura U S CourthouseWilliam K. Nakamura U.S. Courthouse LEED-SilverSeattle, WA

Respect Historic IntegrityPresident Lincoln’s CottageVEC

President Lincoln’s Cottage Visitors Education CenterPhoto: National Trust for Historic Preservation

How do we promote reuse, reinvestmentand green retrofits?

Federal, StateFederal, State and Local PolicyPolicy

Supported by Research andResearch and Outreach

THE SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION COALITIONHow To Best Integrate Preservation & Cultural gValues Into LEED & Green Rating Systems

Frank Lloyd Wright’s Price Tower,Bartlesville, OK

LEED & HISTORIC PRESERVATION CURRENTLY

1. Out of 69 points, about 20 are building type neutral.

2. Another 10 support preservation activities.

3. Any existing building can basically get a “certified” rating with very little effort.

4. Getting “silver” requires a bit more effort and “gold” is readily achievable.

Levels of LEED Ratings

Green Buildings worldwide are certifiedworldwide are certified with a voluntary,consensus-based rating system.USGBC has four l l f LEED

Test

levels of LEED.

USING LEED ON A HISTORIC BUILDINGUS G O S O C U GSlipping into Gold Without Really Noticing It

President Lincoln’s Cottage,Old S ldi ’ H

President Lincoln’s Cottage,Vi it Ed ti C tOld Soldier’s Home

Washington, DCVisitor Education CenterWashington, DC

THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCILUS GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL

Building a Partnershipg p

Changing the Face of LEED

REVISING LEED – LEED 2009Ch i LEED t i ht d t b dChanging LEED to a weighted system based on LCA Indicators & Preservation/Social/Cultural MetricsMetrics

LEED - POINT BASED SYSTEM SCORECARD

LEED v3 20093 key pieces:3 key pieces:- LEED Rating System updates and revisions - Revision and evolution of the LEED certification process

LEED Online v3NC 2.2 v3

Sustainable Sites 14 26Water Efficiency 5 10

- LEED Online v3

Water Efficiency 5 10Energy & Atmosphere 17 35Materials & Resources 13 14Indoor Env Quality 15 15I ti & D i 5 6Innovation & Design 5 6Regional Bonus 0 4

69 110Project Totals 110 Possible PointsjCertified 40–49 points Silver 50–59 points Gold 60–79 points Platinum 80 110 pointsPlatinum 80–110 points

WHAT IS LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT?A methodology for assessing the environmental performance of a product over its full life cycle

A famous Annapolis Doorway!

LEED 2009 Virtual Bookshelf

Regionalization

Hotel De Paris, Georgetown, CO


ALTERNATE COMPLIANCE PATH FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS: LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING ASSEMBLIESBUILDING ASSEMBLIES

Frank Lloyd Wright Home & StudioOak Park, IL

Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND — Just Approved, October 2009

Image: USGBCManitou Springs, Colorado

Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND — Green Infrastructure Building Credit 5 EXISTING BUILDING REUSECredit 5 EXISTING BUILDING REUSE

Image: USGBCReliance Building/Hotel Burnham, Chicago, IL

Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND —Green Infrastructure Building Credit 6 HISTORIC RESOURCE PRESERVATION ANDHISTORIC RESOURCE PRESERVATION AND ADAPTIVE USE

Office Building, K Street & g,Connecticut AvenueWashington, DC


Adding more cultural/historic preservation and social metricssocial metrics

Hagerstown, Maryland

THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL

Building a Partnership

Ch i th F f LEEDChanging the Face of LEED

LEED 3 0/2009LEED 3.0/2009Weighting using LCAAlternative Compliance usingp gDurability of Materials

LEED 2011Preservation/Social Metrics

BY 2030 50% OF ALL BUILDINGS WILL HAVE BEEN ERECTED AFTER 2000HAVE BEEN ERECTED AFTER 2000:82 billion sq. ft. demolished – Brookings Institute, 2004

Milwaukee Art Museum, Calatrava

WE CAN’T BUILD OUR WAY OUT OF GLOBAL WARMING….

The Pritzker Pavilion, Millennium Park, Chicago, IL

WE ALSO CAN’T FREEZE OUR WAY OUT OF IT….

The Governor’s Palace, Colonial Williamsburg, VA

IT’S ALL ABOUT

CHOICE &CHOICE & BALANCE

Iron Spring, Manitou Springs, CO

Going Green at our Historic SitesBEST PRACTICES

January 2010

Image: USGBC

Going Green at our Historic SitesBEST PRACTICESJanuary 2010January 2010

Section on GreenSection on Green Housekeeping & Sustainable PracticesSustainable Practices

OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe Cottage Itself – Not LEED, but respects itsLocation and climateLocation and climate

OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe Cottage – Reusing the Shutters & Windows

OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe VEC – 44 Points Makes it a LEED GOLD

SUSTAINABLE SITES – 9 out of 14 PointsSUS S S 9 out o o ts

WATER EFFICIENCY – 4 out of 5 PointsC C out o 5 o ts

ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE – 5 out of 17G & OS 5 out o

MATERIALS & RESOURCES – 9 out of 13S & SOU C S 9 out o 3

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY – 12 OO O QUout of 15 Points

INNOVATION & DESIGN PROCESS – All 5O O & S G OC SS 5

SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATIONSUS S OReuse, Reinvest, Retrofit & Respect

OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CReuse, Reinvest, Respect, Retrofit

Going Green at our Historic SitesGREEN HOUSEKEEPING

Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NY

Going Green at our Historic SitesGREEN HOUSEKEEPING

South Gate House, Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NY

Going Green at our Historic SitesSUSTAINABILITY MASTER PLAN

Kykuit, Tarrytown, NY

Going Green at our Historic SitesRETHINKING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES

Villa Finale, San Antonio, TX


Filoli, Woodside, CA


Cooper-Molera Adobe, Monterey, CA

Going Green at our Historic SitesSUSTAINABLE REHABILITATIONWithout LEEDWithout LEED

Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAE i t l M t P j tEnvironmental Management Project

Cliveden - Passive Approaches for I d E i t l C t lImproved Environmental Control

• Separate humans from collections• Separate humans from collections– Relocate offices out of the Main House

R l t ll ti t t f th M i– Relocate collections storage out of the Main House

I l f• Improve envelope performance– Reduce water penetration and humidity at

b tbasement– Reduce air infiltration

I l d l i– Insulate and seal attic

Cliveden - Low Tech ImprovementsCliveden Low Tech Improvements

• Replace atticReplace attic insulation

• Refurbish site d i tdrainage to reduce water

t ti tpenetration at basement

Cliveden - New HVAC System

• Replace gas-fired boiler in Wash Housein Wash House

• Replace basement air• Replace basement air handler

• Control heat by humidistat--maintain

i t h idit l lwinter humidity levels above 25%, with steam humidifier back-uphumidifier back up

Cliveden - New HVAC System

• Cooling coil at the air handler to maintainhandler to maintain summer humidity level below 70%

• Air circulation from basement to attic w/

t i i h ftreturns in new air shafts and lined chimneys

• New chiller behind WashNew chiller behind Wash House sized for future air conditioning in tenant spaces

WOODROW WILSON HOUSE

Evaluating the Environmental Needs of the Entire Site

Woodrow Wilson House - Project A hApproach• To provide the highest level of stewardship of p g p

the building and the collections in the most sustainable manner possible;

• To maintain authenticity of the site and enhance the visitor experience;

Making the Case for HISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS

Vinyl windows, landfill-boundPhoto: J. Lindberg

Recycled Wood WindowsPhoto: J. Lindberg

Image: Department of Energy

NCPTT GRANTHISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS

ASSESSMENT PROJECT

Villa Finale, San Antonio, TXPhoto: Carol Highsmith

NCPTT GRANTHISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS

ASSESSMENT PROJECT

Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NYPhoto: Carol Highsmith

Challenge Ahead: Climate Change & Our g gHistoric Sites

Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAMicroburst June 2007

Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg

Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAMicroburst June 2007


Villa Finale, San AntonioTropical Storm, August 2007


Brucemore, Cedar Rapids, IowaI St D 2007Ice Storms Dec. 2007


Brucemore, Cedar Rapids, IowaIce Storms Dec. 2007


Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood August 24, 2007


Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood September 2007


Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood August 24, 2007


Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood September 2008

Challenge Ahead: Modernism + Recent Past

Photograph courtesy National Trust for Historic Preservation. Photographer: Carol Highsmith.


Philip Johnson Glass House, New Canaan, CT


Restoration of the Brick HousePhilip Johnson Glass House, New Canaan, CT

The Green Issuehttp://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2008/january-februaryt bl f t t ht ltable-of-contents.html

THE SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMTHE SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMhttp://www.preservationnation.org/issues/sustainability/

The Green Issue - 2http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2009/march-april/

http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2009/march-april/

www.PreservationNation.org

SPREAD THE WORDbeyond green building blog

http://blogs.nationaltrust.org/preservatiltrust.org/preservationnation/?cat=6

SPREAD THE WORDTrue Green / Historic Sites Blog

htt // hi t i ithttp://www.historicsites.wordpress.com

THANK YOU!THANK YOU!

[email protected]

president lincoln’s cottage, visitor education...

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