preventive maintenance dr. aiman h. el-maleh computer engineering department dr. aiman h. el-maleh...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
223 views
TRANSCRIPT
Preventive MaintenancePreventive MaintenancePreventive MaintenancePreventive Maintenance
Dr. Aiman H. El-MalehDr. Aiman H. El-Maleh
Computer Engineering DepartmentComputer Engineering Department
Dr. Aiman H. El-MalehDr. Aiman H. El-Maleh
Computer Engineering DepartmentComputer Engineering Department
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
OutlineOutline
n Importance of Preventive Maintenance Importance of Preventive Maintenance
n Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance
• Protection from physical environmentProtection from physical environment
• Protection from electrical environmentProtection from electrical environment
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive Maintenance SummarySummary
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
What is Preventive MaintenanceWhat is Preventive MaintenanceWhat is Preventive MaintenanceWhat is Preventive Maintenance
Performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent Performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent system problemssystem problems
Diagnostic or corrective maintenance performed to Diagnostic or corrective maintenance performed to correct an already-existing problemcorrect an already-existing problem
Change car oil and air filter to make the engine last and Change car oil and air filter to make the engine last and avoid problemsavoid problems
Preventive maintenance is one of the most ignored Preventive maintenance is one of the most ignored aspects of PC ownershipaspects of PC ownership• most people think that the PC doesn't need preventive most people think that the PC doesn't need preventive
maintenancemaintenance
• just use it until it breaks, and then repair or replace itjust use it until it breaks, and then repair or replace it
Performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent Performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent system problemssystem problems
Diagnostic or corrective maintenance performed to Diagnostic or corrective maintenance performed to correct an already-existing problemcorrect an already-existing problem
Change car oil and air filter to make the engine last and Change car oil and air filter to make the engine last and avoid problemsavoid problems
Preventive maintenance is one of the most ignored Preventive maintenance is one of the most ignored aspects of PC ownershipaspects of PC ownership• most people think that the PC doesn't need preventive most people think that the PC doesn't need preventive
maintenancemaintenance
• just use it until it breaks, and then repair or replace itjust use it until it breaks, and then repair or replace it
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Importance of Preventive MaintenanceImportance of Preventive MaintenanceImportance of Preventive MaintenanceImportance of Preventive Maintenance
Saves Money Saves Money • Avoiding problems with your PC will save you money in the Avoiding problems with your PC will save you money in the
long runlong run
Saves Time Saves Time • few hours of preventive maintenance every monthfew hours of preventive maintenance every month
• saves you the much bigger hassles of dealing with system saves you the much bigger hassles of dealing with system failures and data lossfailures and data loss
• most preventive maintenance procedures are quite simple most preventive maintenance procedures are quite simple compared to troubleshooting and repair procedurescompared to troubleshooting and repair procedures
Helps Safeguard Your Data Helps Safeguard Your Data • for most people, the data on the hard disk is more important for most people, the data on the hard disk is more important
than the hardware that houses itthan the hardware that houses it
Saves Money Saves Money • Avoiding problems with your PC will save you money in the Avoiding problems with your PC will save you money in the
long runlong run
Saves Time Saves Time • few hours of preventive maintenance every monthfew hours of preventive maintenance every month
• saves you the much bigger hassles of dealing with system saves you the much bigger hassles of dealing with system failures and data lossfailures and data loss
• most preventive maintenance procedures are quite simple most preventive maintenance procedures are quite simple compared to troubleshooting and repair procedurescompared to troubleshooting and repair procedures
Helps Safeguard Your Data Helps Safeguard Your Data • for most people, the data on the hard disk is more important for most people, the data on the hard disk is more important
than the hardware that houses itthan the hardware that houses it
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Importance of Preventive MaintenanceImportance of Preventive Maintenance
Improves Performance Improves Performance • Some parts of your system will actually degrade in Some parts of your system will actually degrade in
performance over timeperformance over time
Key to obtaining years of trouble-free serviceKey to obtaining years of trouble-free service Goals are to reduceGoals are to reduce
• Problem BehaviorProblem Behavior
• Data lossData loss
• Component failureComponent failure
Increase the life time of a systemIncrease the life time of a system
Prevention is always better than curingPrevention is always better than curing
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Preventive Maintenance ProceduresPreventive Maintenance ProceduresPreventive Maintenance ProceduresPreventive Maintenance Procedures
Preventive maintenance program Preventive maintenance program • Passive proceduresPassive procedures
• Active proceduresActive procedures
Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance• steps taken to protect system from environmentsteps taken to protect system from environment
• temperature variationstemperature variations• electrostatic dischargeelectrostatic discharge• power surges and failurespower surges and failures
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• steps applied regularly to prevent data loss and component steps applied regularly to prevent data loss and component
failuresfailures
Preventive maintenance program Preventive maintenance program • Passive proceduresPassive procedures
• Active proceduresActive procedures
Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance• steps taken to protect system from environmentsteps taken to protect system from environment
• temperature variationstemperature variations• electrostatic dischargeelectrostatic discharge• power surges and failurespower surges and failures
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• steps applied regularly to prevent data loss and component steps applied regularly to prevent data loss and component
failuresfailures
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
OutlineOutline
n Importance of Preventive Maintenance Importance of Preventive Maintenance
n Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance
• Protection from physical environmentProtection from physical environment
• Protection from electrical environmentProtection from electrical environment
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive Maintenance SummarySummary
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Physical EnvironmentPassive - Physical Environment
ProblemsProblems Temperature changesTemperature changes stress a computer system stress a computer system Leads to chip creep - components gradually work their Leads to chip creep - components gradually work their
way out of socketsway out of sockets Extreme temperature variations over short timeExtreme temperature variations over short time
• signal traces crack and separatesignal traces crack and separate
• solder joints breaksolder joints break
• contacts accelerated corrosioncontacts accelerated corrosion
Writing to a disk at different temperaturesWriting to a disk at different temperatures• data written at different locations relative to track centersdata written at different locations relative to track centers
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Physical EnvironmentPassive - Physical Environment
Problems (cont.)Problems (cont.)
Power-on cycles Power-on cycles
• largest temperature variationslargest temperature variations
• power supply - most vulnerable componentpower supply - most vulnerable component
• start-up current draw is very high compared to normal start-up current draw is very high compared to normal operating current drawoperating current draw
Main problem is temperature variationsMain problem is temperature variations
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Physical EnvironmentPassive - Physical Environment
RecommendationsRecommendations Determine temperature functional rangeDetermine temperature functional range
• between 15 and 32 degrees Celsiusbetween 15 and 32 degrees Celsius
No direct sunlight or temperature variationsNo direct sunlight or temperature variations Limit number of power-on cyclesLimit number of power-on cycles
• Once a dayOnce a day
Use screen saversUse screen savers• phosphor on tube can burnphosphor on tube can burn
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Electrical EnvironmentPassive - Electrical Environment
ProblemsProblems Static electricity problemsStatic electricity problems
• appear in low humidityappear in low humidity
• rarely a source of permanent problemsrarely a source of permanent problems
• usual effects usual effects • memory parity check error memory parity check error • locked-up systemlocked-up system
Power surges and spikesPower surges and spikes
• can damage computer systemcan damage computer system
• power line serving other equipmentpower line serving other equipment• result in voltage variations from on-off cyclingresult in voltage variations from on-off cycling
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Electrical EnvironmentPassive - Electrical Environment
Problems (cont.)Problems (cont.) Loss of power - loss of dataLoss of power - loss of data Radio frequency interferenceRadio frequency interference
• caused by a source of radio transmissioncaused by a source of radio transmission
• usually overlooked problemusually overlooked problem
• Can cause system to lock upCan cause system to lock up
• cordless telephones caused random keystrokes to appearcordless telephones caused random keystrokes to appear
A computer system requires steady supply of clean noise-free power
A computer system requires steady supply of clean noise-free power
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Electrical EnvironmentPassive - Electrical Environment
RecommendationsRecommendations Computer system with own circuit and own breakerComputer system with own circuit and own breaker Use properly grounded three-wire outletUse properly grounded three-wire outlet
• redirects static charge safely to groundredirects static charge safely to ground
Avoid extension cordsAvoid extension cords• power-line noise problems are a function of wire size and power-line noise problems are a function of wire size and
lengthlength
Avoid connecting too many items to a single outletAvoid connecting too many items to a single outlet• provide separate power circuit for other devicesprovide separate power circuit for other devices
• Worst corrupters of a PC system`s powerWorst corrupters of a PC system`s power• Air conditioners, coffee makers, laser printers, vacuum cleanersAir conditioners, coffee makers, laser printers, vacuum cleaners
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Electrical EnvironmentPassive - Electrical Environment
Recommendations (cont.)Recommendations (cont.) If radio frequency interference existsIf radio frequency interference exists
• pass the cables through a toroidal iron corepass the cables through a toroidal iron core
• suppress reception and transmission of electromagnetic suppress reception and transmission of electromagnetic interferenceinterference
Requirements of power sourceRequirements of power source• uninterruptibleuninterruptible
• protected from power surges and spikesprotected from power surges and spikes
Best overall solution is UPS system Best overall solution is UPS system
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Passive - Electrical EnvironmentPassive - Electrical Environment
Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) Backup PowerBackup Power
• always operates from a batteryalways operates from a battery
• voltage invertervoltage inverter
• battery is continuously chargedbattery is continuously charged
Line ConditionerLine Conditioner• total isolation from line currenttotal isolation from line current
• suppresses high voltage and current conditionssuppresses high voltage and current conditions
• buffer between power line and systembuffer between power line and system
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
OutlineOutline
Why Preventive Maintenance?Why Preventive Maintenance?
Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance
• Protection from physical environmentProtection from physical environment
• Protection from electrical environmentProtection from electrical environment
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive Maintenance SummarySummary
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Cleaning & LubricatingActive - Cleaning & Lubricating
Dust buildup on components Dust buildup on components
OverheatingOverheating• dust acts as a heat insulatordust acts as a heat insulator
• prevents system from coolingprevents system from cooling
Dust contain chemicalsDust contain chemicals• conduct electricityconduct electricity
• short currentshort current
• create paths where none should existcreate paths where none should exist
• cause rapid corrosion of connectorscause rapid corrosion of connectors
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Cleaning & LubricatingActive - Cleaning & Lubricating
Clean dust and debris off main boardClean dust and debris off main board• special vacuum cleanerspecial vacuum cleaner
• duster can of compressed gasduster can of compressed gas
Lubricate connectors and contactsLubricate connectors and contacts• special cleaner/lubricantspecial cleaner/lubricant
• lubricant acts as a conductive protectantlubricant acts as a conductive protectant• insulates contacts from corrosioninsulates contacts from corrosion
Clean floppy driveClean floppy drive• duster canduster can
• special chemical for head cleaningspecial chemical for head cleaning
Frequency of cleaning and lubricating a systemFrequency of cleaning and lubricating a system• depends on operating environmentdepends on operating environment
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Reseating ChipsActive - Reseating Chips
As computer heats and coolsAs computer heats and cools• it expands and contractsit expands and contracts
• causes socketed chips to work their way out of the sockets - causes socketed chips to work their way out of the sockets - chip creepchip creep
Socketed components should be checked and Socketed components should be checked and reseatedreseated
Procedure performed every time system is cleanedProcedure performed every time system is cleaned
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard Disk
Protect data and ensure disk works efficientlyProtect data and ensure disk works efficiently• defragmenting files and free spacedefragmenting files and free space
• backing up FAT (Files Allocation Table)backing up FAT (Files Allocation Table)
• checking for disk errors and reformattingchecking for disk errors and reformatting
• scanning for Virus programsscanning for Virus programs
BenefitsBenefits• minimize head movement - drive wear & tearminimize head movement - drive wear & tear
• Speed gainSpeed gain
• easier recovery from disastereasier recovery from disaster
Protect data and ensure disk works efficientlyProtect data and ensure disk works efficiently• defragmenting files and free spacedefragmenting files and free space
• backing up FAT (Files Allocation Table)backing up FAT (Files Allocation Table)
• checking for disk errors and reformattingchecking for disk errors and reformatting
• scanning for Virus programsscanning for Virus programs
BenefitsBenefits• minimize head movement - drive wear & tearminimize head movement - drive wear & tear
• Speed gainSpeed gain
• easier recovery from disastereasier recovery from disaster
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Disk Defragmenter
Active - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard Disk
Files and space become fragmented Files and space become fragmented • split into non-contiguous areas on disksplit into non-contiguous areas on disk
Norton Utilities by SymantecNorton Utilities by Symantec• defragment files and space defragment files and space (SPEEDDISK)(SPEEDDISK)
• backup FAT and directory system backup FAT and directory system (IMAGE)(IMAGE)
• checks for disk errorschecks for disk errors
Windows 9x includes a disk defragmentation program Windows 9x includes a disk defragmentation program with operating system with operating system (Defrag)(Defrag)
Files and space become fragmented Files and space become fragmented • split into non-contiguous areas on disksplit into non-contiguous areas on disk
Norton Utilities by SymantecNorton Utilities by Symantec• defragment files and space defragment files and space (SPEEDDISK)(SPEEDDISK)
• backup FAT and directory system backup FAT and directory system (IMAGE)(IMAGE)
• checks for disk errorschecks for disk errors
Windows 9x includes a disk defragmentation program Windows 9x includes a disk defragmentation program with operating system with operating system (Defrag)(Defrag)
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Maintaining Hard DiskActive - Maintaining Hard Disk
Disk reformatting Disk reformatting • rewrite sector header information in alignment with current rewrite sector header information in alignment with current
head positionshead positions
• locate and mark out new defective sectorslocate and mark out new defective sectors
• disk should be fully backed up before reformattingdisk should be fully backed up before reformatting
Scan for virus programs periodicallyScan for virus programs periodically• Microsoft provides antivirus software in WindowsMicrosoft provides antivirus software in Windows
• Best software - McAfee AssociatesBest software - McAfee Associates
• Scan for viruses before making backupsScan for viruses before making backups
• Use a product that is updated regularly from vendorsUse a product that is updated regularly from vendors
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Scanning for File System Data Scanning for File System Data CorruptionCorruptionScanning for File System Data Scanning for File System Data CorruptionCorruption Complexity file system used on modern PCs has the Complexity file system used on modern PCs has the
risk of risk of file system errorsfile system errors and corruption in the logical and corruption in the logical structures that control the diskstructures that control the disk
File system errors caused byFile system errors caused by• buggy software, bad drivers, power failures or human errorbuggy software, bad drivers, power failures or human error
• rarely caused by actual hardware problems with the PCrarely caused by actual hardware problems with the PC
File system integrity problems can lead to data lossFile system integrity problems can lead to data loss Most popular tools for analyzing file system problems Most popular tools for analyzing file system problems
• SCANDISKSCANDISK for Microsoft Windows for Microsoft Windows
• NDDNDD for Symantec's Norton Utilities for Symantec's Norton Utilities
• CHKDSKCHKDSK for Windows NT for Windows NT
Always use the proper tool for your operating systemAlways use the proper tool for your operating system
Complexity file system used on modern PCs has the Complexity file system used on modern PCs has the risk of risk of file system errorsfile system errors and corruption in the logical and corruption in the logical structures that control the diskstructures that control the disk
File system errors caused byFile system errors caused by• buggy software, bad drivers, power failures or human errorbuggy software, bad drivers, power failures or human error
• rarely caused by actual hardware problems with the PCrarely caused by actual hardware problems with the PC
File system integrity problems can lead to data lossFile system integrity problems can lead to data loss Most popular tools for analyzing file system problems Most popular tools for analyzing file system problems
• SCANDISKSCANDISK for Microsoft Windows for Microsoft Windows
• NDDNDD for Symantec's Norton Utilities for Symantec's Norton Utilities
• CHKDSKCHKDSK for Windows NT for Windows NT
Always use the proper tool for your operating systemAlways use the proper tool for your operating system
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Detecting Hard Disk Read ErrorsDetecting Hard Disk Read ErrorsDetecting Hard Disk Read ErrorsDetecting Hard Disk Read Errors
Hard disk failure is very distressingHard disk failure is very distressing• when your hard disk dies, it takes your data with itwhen your hard disk dies, it takes your data with it
Many different ways that hard disks can failMany different ways that hard disks can fail• fail with a bangfail with a bang
• instead of spinning up and booting the PC, may go "klunk, klunk, instead of spinning up and booting the PC, may go "klunk, klunk, klunk" and then spin down againklunk" and then spin down again
• fail with a whimper; they slowly develop problemsfail with a whimper; they slowly develop problems• problems reading a particular area of the disk: a read errorproblems reading a particular area of the disk: a read error
Most common disk error checkers are in fact part of Most common disk error checkers are in fact part of the same utilities that scan for file system corruptionthe same utilities that scan for file system corruption• Microsoft's Scandisk Microsoft's Scandisk
• Norton's Disk DoctorNorton's Disk Doctor
It takes a lot longer to scan an entire disk volume for It takes a lot longer to scan an entire disk volume for errors than to check out its file system structureserrors than to check out its file system structures
Hard disk failure is very distressingHard disk failure is very distressing• when your hard disk dies, it takes your data with itwhen your hard disk dies, it takes your data with it
Many different ways that hard disks can failMany different ways that hard disks can fail• fail with a bangfail with a bang
• instead of spinning up and booting the PC, may go "klunk, klunk, instead of spinning up and booting the PC, may go "klunk, klunk, klunk" and then spin down againklunk" and then spin down again
• fail with a whimper; they slowly develop problemsfail with a whimper; they slowly develop problems• problems reading a particular area of the disk: a read errorproblems reading a particular area of the disk: a read error
Most common disk error checkers are in fact part of Most common disk error checkers are in fact part of the same utilities that scan for file system corruptionthe same utilities that scan for file system corruption• Microsoft's Scandisk Microsoft's Scandisk
• Norton's Disk DoctorNorton's Disk Doctor
It takes a lot longer to scan an entire disk volume for It takes a lot longer to scan an entire disk volume for errors than to check out its file system structureserrors than to check out its file system structures
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Virus Scanning and Anti-Virus Virus Scanning and Anti-Virus SoftwareSoftwareVirus Scanning and Anti-Virus Virus Scanning and Anti-Virus SoftwareSoftware Careful preventive measures can greatly reduce the Careful preventive measures can greatly reduce the
chances of ever catching a virus on your PCchances of ever catching a virus on your PC Routine virus detection is a necessity for the modern Routine virus detection is a necessity for the modern
PCPC To reduce virus infectionsTo reduce virus infections
• avoid sharing floppy disks with people you do not knowavoid sharing floppy disks with people you do not know
• have your antivirus software set up to automatically scan all have your antivirus software set up to automatically scan all hard disks once per week. hard disks once per week.
• manually scan any executable files that you download, or any manually scan any executable files that you download, or any programs you get on floppy disk from unverified sourcesprograms you get on floppy disk from unverified sources
• update virus definition files regularly update virus definition files regularly
Careful preventive measures can greatly reduce the Careful preventive measures can greatly reduce the chances of ever catching a virus on your PCchances of ever catching a virus on your PC
Routine virus detection is a necessity for the modern Routine virus detection is a necessity for the modern PCPC
To reduce virus infectionsTo reduce virus infections• avoid sharing floppy disks with people you do not knowavoid sharing floppy disks with people you do not know
• have your antivirus software set up to automatically scan all have your antivirus software set up to automatically scan all hard disks once per week. hard disks once per week.
• manually scan any executable files that you download, or any manually scan any executable files that you download, or any programs you get on floppy disk from unverified sourcesprograms you get on floppy disk from unverified sources
• update virus definition files regularly update virus definition files regularly
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Risks to Your DataRisks to Your DataRisks to Your DataRisks to Your Data
Hardware FailureHardware Failure• Memory ErrorsMemory Errors:: With so many systems today running With so many systems today running
without error detection or correction on their system memory, without error detection or correction on their system memory, there is a chance of a memory error corrupting the data on there is a chance of a memory error corrupting the data on the hard disk. It is rare for it to happen, but it does happen. the hard disk. It is rare for it to happen, but it does happen.
• System Timing ProblemsSystem Timing Problems:: Setting the timing for memory or Setting the timing for memory or cache access too aggressively, or using a hard disk interface cache access too aggressively, or using a hard disk interface transfer mode that is too fast for the system or device, can transfer mode that is too fast for the system or device, can cause data loss. cause data loss.
• Resource ConflictsResource Conflicts:: Conflicts resulting from peripherals that Conflicts resulting from peripherals that try to use the same interrupt requests, DMA channels or I/O try to use the same interrupt requests, DMA channels or I/O addresses, can cause data to become corrupted. addresses, can cause data to become corrupted.
• Power LossPower Loss:: Losing power at the wrong time, such as when Losing power at the wrong time, such as when you are doing sensitive work on your hard disk, can easily you are doing sensitive work on your hard disk, can easily result in the loss of many files. result in the loss of many files.
Hardware FailureHardware Failure• Memory ErrorsMemory Errors:: With so many systems today running With so many systems today running
without error detection or correction on their system memory, without error detection or correction on their system memory, there is a chance of a memory error corrupting the data on there is a chance of a memory error corrupting the data on the hard disk. It is rare for it to happen, but it does happen. the hard disk. It is rare for it to happen, but it does happen.
• System Timing ProblemsSystem Timing Problems:: Setting the timing for memory or Setting the timing for memory or cache access too aggressively, or using a hard disk interface cache access too aggressively, or using a hard disk interface transfer mode that is too fast for the system or device, can transfer mode that is too fast for the system or device, can cause data loss. cause data loss.
• Resource ConflictsResource Conflicts:: Conflicts resulting from peripherals that Conflicts resulting from peripherals that try to use the same interrupt requests, DMA channels or I/O try to use the same interrupt requests, DMA channels or I/O addresses, can cause data to become corrupted. addresses, can cause data to become corrupted.
• Power LossPower Loss:: Losing power at the wrong time, such as when Losing power at the wrong time, such as when you are doing sensitive work on your hard disk, can easily you are doing sensitive work on your hard disk, can easily result in the loss of many files. result in the loss of many files.
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Risks to Your DataRisks to Your DataRisks to Your DataRisks to Your Data
Software FailureSoftware Failure File System CorruptionFile System Corruption
• occasionally the result of corruption on the disk occasionally the result of corruption on the disk • far more often occur as a result of a software problemfar more often occur as a result of a software problem• A power failure on a PC running Windows will often result in one or A power failure on a PC running Windows will often result in one or
more file system errors due to files not being closed properlymore file system errors due to files not being closed properly• most common errors encountered on a FAT disk: most common errors encountered on a FAT disk:
• Lost ClustersLost Clusters• Cross-Linked FilesCross-Linked Files• Invalid Files or DirectoriesInvalid Files or Directories• Allocation or FAT ErrorsAllocation or FAT Errors
Accidental DeletionAccidental Deletion Virus InfectionVirus Infection TheftTheft SabotageSabotage Natural DisasterNatural Disaster
Software FailureSoftware Failure File System CorruptionFile System Corruption
• occasionally the result of corruption on the disk occasionally the result of corruption on the disk • far more often occur as a result of a software problemfar more often occur as a result of a software problem• A power failure on a PC running Windows will often result in one or A power failure on a PC running Windows will often result in one or
more file system errors due to files not being closed properlymore file system errors due to files not being closed properly• most common errors encountered on a FAT disk: most common errors encountered on a FAT disk:
• Lost ClustersLost Clusters• Cross-Linked FilesCross-Linked Files• Invalid Files or DirectoriesInvalid Files or Directories• Allocation or FAT ErrorsAllocation or FAT Errors
Accidental DeletionAccidental Deletion Virus InfectionVirus Infection TheftTheft SabotageSabotage Natural DisasterNatural Disaster
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Best way to ensure data is not lostBest way to ensure data is not lost Hardware can be repaired or replaced but data cannotHardware can be repaired or replaced but data cannot Hard disk troubleshooting and service procedures Hard disk troubleshooting and service procedures
require reformat or repartitionrequire reformat or repartition• overwrites all existing dataoverwrites all existing data
Floppy disk drives are insufficient and too costly for Floppy disk drives are insufficient and too costly for hard disk backupshard disk backups
Other alternatives: magnetic tape, CD-RW, Zip and Jaz Other alternatives: magnetic tape, CD-RW, Zip and Jaz drivesdrives
Match the size of backup medium to amount of data Match the size of backup medium to amount of data you need to backupyou need to backup
Best way to ensure data is not lostBest way to ensure data is not lost Hardware can be repaired or replaced but data cannotHardware can be repaired or replaced but data cannot Hard disk troubleshooting and service procedures Hard disk troubleshooting and service procedures
require reformat or repartitionrequire reformat or repartition• overwrites all existing dataoverwrites all existing data
Floppy disk drives are insufficient and too costly for Floppy disk drives are insufficient and too costly for hard disk backupshard disk backups
Other alternatives: magnetic tape, CD-RW, Zip and Jaz Other alternatives: magnetic tape, CD-RW, Zip and Jaz drivesdrives
Match the size of backup medium to amount of data Match the size of backup medium to amount of data you need to backupyou need to backup
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Media costs are far more significant than cost of driveMedia costs are far more significant than cost of drive Backup requiring manual intervention is not Backup requiring manual intervention is not
recommendedrecommended Consider Consider Iomega Zip driveIomega Zip drive with a capacity of about 100 with a capacity of about 100
MB and a system to backup with 3 GB of programs and MB and a system to backup with 3 GB of programs and data on itdata on it• backing up 3 GB of data onto Zip disks would take 30 disks backing up 3 GB of data onto Zip disks would take 30 disks
• disk swapping would be annoying enough to guarantee that disk swapping would be annoying enough to guarantee that backup is rarely if ever donebackup is rarely if ever done
Doing responsible backupsDoing responsible backups• use three sets of media for each systemuse three sets of media for each system
• use each media set on a rotating basisuse each media set on a rotating basis
• store one of them offsite at all timesstore one of them offsite at all times
• introduce new media to the rotation after a yearintroduce new media to the rotation after a year
Media costs are far more significant than cost of driveMedia costs are far more significant than cost of drive Backup requiring manual intervention is not Backup requiring manual intervention is not
recommendedrecommended Consider Consider Iomega Zip driveIomega Zip drive with a capacity of about 100 with a capacity of about 100
MB and a system to backup with 3 GB of programs and MB and a system to backup with 3 GB of programs and data on itdata on it• backing up 3 GB of data onto Zip disks would take 30 disks backing up 3 GB of data onto Zip disks would take 30 disks
• disk swapping would be annoying enough to guarantee that disk swapping would be annoying enough to guarantee that backup is rarely if ever donebackup is rarely if ever done
Doing responsible backupsDoing responsible backups• use three sets of media for each systemuse three sets of media for each system
• use each media set on a rotating basisuse each media set on a rotating basis
• store one of them offsite at all timesstore one of them offsite at all times
• introduce new media to the rotation after a yearintroduce new media to the rotation after a year
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Dedicated backup hardware: tape or cartridgeDedicated backup hardware: tape or cartridge Advantages of tapeAdvantages of tape
• Capacity:Capacity: Hard drives keep getting bigger and tape is the Hard drives keep getting bigger and tape is the only economical backup medium that is of a similar size and only economical backup medium that is of a similar size and growing in capacity to match them. growing in capacity to match them.
• Cost:Cost: It is inexpensive, both for the drives and on a per- It is inexpensive, both for the drives and on a per-gigabyte basis for the media. A typical home PC user can buy gigabyte basis for the media. A typical home PC user can buy a drive and enough media to do proper, reliable backups of a drive and enough media to do proper, reliable backups of several gigabytes of data, less than $200. several gigabytes of data, less than $200.
• Reliability:Reliability: Tape is, in general, a reasonably reliable backup Tape is, in general, a reasonably reliable backup medium, provided that the drive is maintained properly and medium, provided that the drive is maintained properly and the media are treated with care. the media are treated with care.
• Simplicity and Universality:Simplicity and Universality: There is a lot of support for There is a lot of support for tape drives today, and a number of software packages that tape drives today, and a number of software packages that will support a wide variety of devices. They are usually will support a wide variety of devices. They are usually relatively simple to set up. relatively simple to set up.
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Tape-backup devices parametersTape-backup devices parameters• type of mediatype of media
• hardware interfacehardware interface
• backup softwarebackup software
Type of media dictates capacityType of media dictates capacity Four primary standardsFour primary standards
• 40M to 800M : 40M to 800M : DC 600DC 600 and and DC 2000DC 2000
• 1G + : 1G + : 4mm DAT4mm DAT (1.3) and (1.3) and 8mm DAT8mm DAT (2.3)(2.3)
Tape-backup devices parametersTape-backup devices parameters• type of mediatype of media
• hardware interfacehardware interface
• backup softwarebackup software
Type of media dictates capacityType of media dictates capacity Four primary standardsFour primary standards
• 40M to 800M : 40M to 800M : DC 600DC 600 and and DC 2000DC 2000
• 1G + : 1G + : 4mm DAT4mm DAT (1.3) and (1.3) and 8mm DAT8mm DAT (2.3)(2.3)
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Three standards for hardware interfaceThree standards for hardware interface
• QIC-02 (Quarter-Inch Committee)QIC-02 (Quarter-Inch Committee)• rate: 5M per minuterate: 5M per minute• short adapter card - requires a free slotshort adapter card - requires a free slot
• SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)• rate: up to 10M/minute - no tape can sustainrate: up to 10M/minute - no tape can sustain• requires an expansion slot in host adapterrequires an expansion slot in host adapter
• Parallel portParallel port• easy configuration and cablingeasy configuration and cabling
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Removable storage devices provide removable storage Removable storage devices provide removable storage at a reasonable price and with good performanceat a reasonable price and with good performance• Large Floppy Disk Equivalent Drives:Large Floppy Disk Equivalent Drives:This would include This would include
the Iomega Zip drive, Syquest's EZ-135, the LS-120 120 MB the Iomega Zip drive, Syquest's EZ-135, the LS-120 120 MB floppy drive, and a few others.floppy drive, and a few others.
• Removable Hard Disk Equivalent Drives: Removable Hard Disk Equivalent Drives: This category This category includes devices such as Iomega's Jaz drive, Syquest's includes devices such as Iomega's Jaz drive, Syquest's SyJet, and various kinds of phase-change and magneto-SyJet, and various kinds of phase-change and magneto-optical drives.optical drives.
• CD-Recordable:CD-Recordable: These are write-once read-many drives with These are write-once read-many drives with a capacity of about 650 MBa capacity of about 650 MB
• CD-RewriteableCD-Rewriteable:: its media are reusable and it can also burn its media are reusable and it can also burn CD-Rs that play in most CD-ROMs or audio CDs as well (650 CD-Rs that play in most CD-ROMs or audio CDs as well (650 MB)MB)
Removable storage devices provide removable storage Removable storage devices provide removable storage at a reasonable price and with good performanceat a reasonable price and with good performance• Large Floppy Disk Equivalent Drives:Large Floppy Disk Equivalent Drives:This would include This would include
the Iomega Zip drive, Syquest's EZ-135, the LS-120 120 MB the Iomega Zip drive, Syquest's EZ-135, the LS-120 120 MB floppy drive, and a few others.floppy drive, and a few others.
• Removable Hard Disk Equivalent Drives: Removable Hard Disk Equivalent Drives: This category This category includes devices such as Iomega's Jaz drive, Syquest's includes devices such as Iomega's Jaz drive, Syquest's SyJet, and various kinds of phase-change and magneto-SyJet, and various kinds of phase-change and magneto-optical drives.optical drives.
• CD-Recordable:CD-Recordable: These are write-once read-many drives with These are write-once read-many drives with a capacity of about 650 MBa capacity of about 650 MB
• CD-RewriteableCD-Rewriteable:: its media are reusable and it can also burn its media are reusable and it can also burn CD-Rs that play in most CD-ROMs or audio CDs as well (650 CD-Rs that play in most CD-ROMs or audio CDs as well (650 MB)MB)
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Removable hard disksRemovable hard disks• can actually be a quite viable backup solutioncan actually be a quite viable backup solution
• AdvantagesAdvantages: very high performance, random-access : very high performance, random-access capability, standard interfaces and exchangeability, and capability, standard interfaces and exchangeability, and excellent reliabilityexcellent reliability
• DisadvantagesDisadvantages::• you lose the ability to buy additional backup media cheaplyyou lose the ability to buy additional backup media cheaply• Hard disks are also fragileHard disks are also fragile• can only be removed when the power is offcan only be removed when the power is off
In-place hard disk duplicationIn-place hard disk duplication• it is simple and automatableit is simple and automatable
• it doesn't protect against very many of the risks to your datait doesn't protect against very many of the risks to your data
Network BackupNetwork Backup File ArchivingFile Archiving
Removable hard disksRemovable hard disks• can actually be a quite viable backup solutioncan actually be a quite viable backup solution
• AdvantagesAdvantages: very high performance, random-access : very high performance, random-access capability, standard interfaces and exchangeability, and capability, standard interfaces and exchangeability, and excellent reliabilityexcellent reliability
• DisadvantagesDisadvantages::• you lose the ability to buy additional backup media cheaplyyou lose the ability to buy additional backup media cheaply• Hard disks are also fragileHard disks are also fragile• can only be removed when the power is offcan only be removed when the power is off
In-place hard disk duplicationIn-place hard disk duplication• it is simple and automatableit is simple and automatable
• it doesn't protect against very many of the risks to your datait doesn't protect against very many of the risks to your data
Network BackupNetwork Backup File ArchivingFile Archiving
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Active - Backing Up DataActive - Backing Up Data
Need for hardware independent softwareNeed for hardware independent software
• SyTOS Sytron, Central PointSyTOS Sytron, Central Point Features:Features:
• back up entire partition or individual filesback up entire partition or individual files
• selective file-by-file restoreselective file-by-file restore
• combine several backup on a single tapecombine several backup on a single tape
• span a large drive on multiple tapesspan a large drive on multiple tapes
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Comparison of Backup Method Data Comparison of Backup Method Data Risk CoverageRisk CoverageComparison of Backup Method Data Comparison of Backup Method Data Risk CoverageRisk Coverage
Data RiskFloppy Disks
Tape Drive
Removable Storage Drives
Removable Hard Disks
In-Place Hard Disk
Duplication
Network Backup
File Archiving
Hardware Failure
High HighModerate to
HighModerate to
HighModerate High Low
Software Failure
High High High High Moderate High Low
File System Corruption
High High High HighLow to
ModerateModerate to High
Moderate
Accidental Deletion
High High High High High High High
Virus Infection
Moderate HighModerate to
HighModerate Low
Moderate to High
Low to Moderate
Theft High High HighModerate to
HighNone
Low to Moderate
None
Sabotage High High High High Very Low Low None
Natural Disaster
High High High High NoneLow to
ModerateNone
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Comparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristicsComparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristics CapacityCapacity: How much does the medium store, relative to : How much does the medium store, relative to
current average hard disks? Is it likely that an average current average hard disks? Is it likely that an average user's hard disk will fit onto one or maybe two pieces user's hard disk will fit onto one or maybe two pieces of media for the device/method? of media for the device/method?
AutomatabilityAutomatability: How possible is it to fully automate the : How possible is it to fully automate the backup so that it happens without any user backup so that it happens without any user intervention at all? intervention at all?
Minimized Startup CostMinimized Startup Cost: How well does the method : How well does the method minimize startup costs for hardware or software? minimize startup costs for hardware or software?
Minimized Media CostMinimized Media Cost: Does the method allow : Does the method allow additional backups at a reasonable cost? additional backups at a reasonable cost?
ExpandabilityExpandability: How possible is it to do more backups, : How possible is it to do more backups, or add additional backup media if needed? or add additional backup media if needed?
CapacityCapacity: How much does the medium store, relative to : How much does the medium store, relative to current average hard disks? Is it likely that an average current average hard disks? Is it likely that an average user's hard disk will fit onto one or maybe two pieces user's hard disk will fit onto one or maybe two pieces of media for the device/method? of media for the device/method?
AutomatabilityAutomatability: How possible is it to fully automate the : How possible is it to fully automate the backup so that it happens without any user backup so that it happens without any user intervention at all? intervention at all?
Minimized Startup CostMinimized Startup Cost: How well does the method : How well does the method minimize startup costs for hardware or software? minimize startup costs for hardware or software?
Minimized Media CostMinimized Media Cost: Does the method allow : Does the method allow additional backups at a reasonable cost? additional backups at a reasonable cost?
ExpandabilityExpandability: How possible is it to do more backups, : How possible is it to do more backups, or add additional backup media if needed? or add additional backup media if needed?
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Comparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristicsComparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristics ReliabilityReliability: In general terms--because this varies : In general terms--because this varies widelywidely based on based on
the type of device for items such as tape drives--how likely is it the type of device for items such as tape drives--how likely is it that if you have a disaster and need to restore from the backup, it that if you have a disaster and need to restore from the backup, it will work for you? will work for you?
Simplicity / ConvenienceSimplicity / Convenience: How easy is the method to use? Is there : How easy is the method to use? Is there any difficulty associated with the method that would tend to any difficulty associated with the method that would tend to discourage doing backups? discourage doing backups?
UniversalityUniversality: How common is the hardware used for the method? : How common is the hardware used for the method? If you needed to use the device in five years, how likely is it that If you needed to use the device in five years, how likely is it that you could find support or additional media for it? you could find support or additional media for it?
PerformancePerformance: How fast is the hardware and software used for the : How fast is the hardware and software used for the method? How much time will it take to do a backup? method? How much time will it take to do a backup?
Routine PotentialRoutine Potential: In general, how likely is it that, using this : In general, how likely is it that, using this method, someone is likely to settle into a backup routine and stick method, someone is likely to settle into a backup routine and stick with it? with it?
ReliabilityReliability: In general terms--because this varies : In general terms--because this varies widelywidely based on based on the type of device for items such as tape drives--how likely is it the type of device for items such as tape drives--how likely is it that if you have a disaster and need to restore from the backup, it that if you have a disaster and need to restore from the backup, it will work for you? will work for you?
Simplicity / ConvenienceSimplicity / Convenience: How easy is the method to use? Is there : How easy is the method to use? Is there any difficulty associated with the method that would tend to any difficulty associated with the method that would tend to discourage doing backups? discourage doing backups?
UniversalityUniversality: How common is the hardware used for the method? : How common is the hardware used for the method? If you needed to use the device in five years, how likely is it that If you needed to use the device in five years, how likely is it that you could find support or additional media for it? you could find support or additional media for it?
PerformancePerformance: How fast is the hardware and software used for the : How fast is the hardware and software used for the method? How much time will it take to do a backup? method? How much time will it take to do a backup?
Routine PotentialRoutine Potential: In general, how likely is it that, using this : In general, how likely is it that, using this method, someone is likely to settle into a backup routine and stick method, someone is likely to settle into a backup routine and stick with it? with it?
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Comparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristicsComparison of Backup Method Comparison of Backup Method CharacteristicsCharacteristics
CharacteristicFloppy Disks
Tape Drives
Removable Storage Drives
Removable Hard Disks
In-Place Hard Disk
Duplication
Network Backup
File Archiving
CapacityVery Low
High Low to High High High High --
Automatability Low Low Low Low High High High
Minimized Startup Cost
Very High
Low to High
Low to Moderate
Moderate Moderate High Very High
Minimized Media Cost
LowModerate to High
Low to Moderate
Moderate Very Low Very High Very High
Expandability High High HighModerate to
HighLow Very High High
Reliability LowLow to High
Moderate to High
Moderate to High
High Very High Very High
Simplicity / Convenience
Moderate
Moderate to High
Moderate to High
Low Very High Moderate High
UniversalityVery High
Low to High
Low to Moderate
Moderate High High High
PerformanceVery Low
Low to Moderate
Low to High Very High Very HighModerate to
HighVery High
Routine PotentialVery Low
Moderate Moderate ModerateModerate to
HighHigh Very High
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
What to BackupWhat to BackupWhat to BackupWhat to Backup
Types of backupTypes of backup• Full BackupFull Backup
• Selective BackupSelective Backup
• Incremental Backup: based on the archive bitIncremental Backup: based on the archive bit
Data files should always be backed upData files should always be backed up Programs do not need to be backed up as often as data Programs do not need to be backed up as often as data
doesdoes• installed programs should definitely not be ignored when installed programs should definitely not be ignored when
looking at backuplooking at backup
Files not to backupFiles not to backup• Swap FilesSwap Files
• Compressed Volume FilesCompressed Volume Files
BIOS settings (CMOS Memory) BackupBIOS settings (CMOS Memory) Backup
Types of backupTypes of backup• Full BackupFull Backup
• Selective BackupSelective Backup
• Incremental Backup: based on the archive bitIncremental Backup: based on the archive bit
Data files should always be backed upData files should always be backed up Programs do not need to be backed up as often as data Programs do not need to be backed up as often as data
doesdoes• installed programs should definitely not be ignored when installed programs should definitely not be ignored when
looking at backuplooking at backup
Files not to backupFiles not to backup• Swap FilesSwap Files
• Compressed Volume FilesCompressed Volume Files
BIOS settings (CMOS Memory) BackupBIOS settings (CMOS Memory) Backup
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
OutlineOutlineOutlineOutline
Why Preventive Maintenance?Why Preventive Maintenance?
Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance
• Protection from physical environmentProtection from physical environment
• Protection from electrical environmentProtection from electrical environment
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive Maintenance SummarySummary
Why Preventive Maintenance?Why Preventive Maintenance?
Passive Preventive MaintenancePassive Preventive Maintenance
• Protection from physical environmentProtection from physical environment
• Protection from electrical environmentProtection from electrical environment
Active Preventive MaintenanceActive Preventive Maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive Maintenance SummarySummary
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
When to Perform Preventive When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceMaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceMaintenance Frequency of preventive maintenance depends on Frequency of preventive maintenance depends on
• nature of the activitynature of the activity
• what your PC is being used forwhat your PC is being used for The interval for preventive maintenance on PCs can be The interval for preventive maintenance on PCs can be
determined based on determined based on
• elapsed time elapsed time
• usage metricsusage metrics PC maintenance activities are usually specified as time-basedPC maintenance activities are usually specified as time-based Should be performed more frequently depending on prevailing Should be performed more frequently depending on prevailing
conditionsconditions
• A PC used on the manufacturing floor of a steel mill needs to be A PC used on the manufacturing floor of a steel mill needs to be cleaned more often than one being used in a hospital. cleaned more often than one being used in a hospital.
• A disk that is doing heavy Internet file transfers needs virus A disk that is doing heavy Internet file transfers needs virus checking much more often than one that is used standalone and checking much more often than one that is used standalone and has no modem or floppy disk.has no modem or floppy disk.
Frequency of preventive maintenance depends on Frequency of preventive maintenance depends on
• nature of the activitynature of the activity
• what your PC is being used forwhat your PC is being used for The interval for preventive maintenance on PCs can be The interval for preventive maintenance on PCs can be
determined based on determined based on
• elapsed time elapsed time
• usage metricsusage metrics PC maintenance activities are usually specified as time-basedPC maintenance activities are usually specified as time-based Should be performed more frequently depending on prevailing Should be performed more frequently depending on prevailing
conditionsconditions
• A PC used on the manufacturing floor of a steel mill needs to be A PC used on the manufacturing floor of a steel mill needs to be cleaned more often than one being used in a hospital. cleaned more often than one being used in a hospital.
• A disk that is doing heavy Internet file transfers needs virus A disk that is doing heavy Internet file transfers needs virus checking much more often than one that is used standalone and checking much more often than one that is used standalone and has no modem or floppy disk.has no modem or floppy disk.
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
When to Perform Preventive When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceMaintenanceWhen to Perform Preventive When to Perform Preventive MaintenanceMaintenance One enemy of preventive maintenance is simply One enemy of preventive maintenance is simply
remembering to do itremembering to do it Use of a preventive maintenance schedule reminds Use of a preventive maintenance schedule reminds
you when to perform key PC maintenance activitiesyou when to perform key PC maintenance activities Some software preventive maintenance activities can Some software preventive maintenance activities can
also be automated also be automated You should alter this schedule when it makes senseYou should alter this schedule when it makes sense
• you may normally only update the information on your you may normally only update the information on your emergency boot floppies once every few months, emergency boot floppies once every few months,
• you will also want to do it any time you upgrade your you will also want to do it any time you upgrade your operating systemoperating system
Software procedures, which often should be performed Software procedures, which often should be performed daily, are best done using some sort of daily, are best done using some sort of automated program schedulerautomated program scheduler
One enemy of preventive maintenance is simply One enemy of preventive maintenance is simply remembering to do itremembering to do it
Use of a preventive maintenance schedule reminds Use of a preventive maintenance schedule reminds you when to perform key PC maintenance activitiesyou when to perform key PC maintenance activities
Some software preventive maintenance activities can Some software preventive maintenance activities can also be automated also be automated
You should alter this schedule when it makes senseYou should alter this schedule when it makes sense• you may normally only update the information on your you may normally only update the information on your
emergency boot floppies once every few months, emergency boot floppies once every few months,
• you will also want to do it any time you upgrade your you will also want to do it any time you upgrade your operating systemoperating system
Software procedures, which often should be performed Software procedures, which often should be performed daily, are best done using some sort of daily, are best done using some sort of automated program schedulerautomated program scheduler
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Preventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance Schedule
Preventive Maintenance ActivityPreventive Maintenance ActivityRecommendeRecommended Frequencyd Frequency
Auto?Auto?
Scan hard disk file systems for errorsScan hard disk file systems for errorsDailyDailyYesYes
Scan for virusesScan for virusesDailyDailyYesYes
Back up dataBack up dataDailyDailyYesYes
Clean CRT screenClean CRT screenWeeklyWeeklyNoNo
DefragmentDefragment hard disks hard disksWeeklyWeeklyYesYes
Scan for hard disk read errorsScan for hard disk read errorsWeeklyWeeklyYesYes
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Preventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance Schedule
Preventive Maintenance ActivityPreventive Maintenance ActivityRecommendeRecommended Frequencyd Frequency
Auto?Auto?
Clean mouseClean mouseMonthlyMonthlyNoNo
Check for full hard disk volumes and rCheck for full hard disk volumes and remove unnecessary filesemove unnecessary files
MonthlyMonthlyNoNo
Update virus definition filesUpdate virus definition filesMonthlyMonthlyYesYes
Check power protection devices to enCheck power protection devices to ensure they are still protecting the systesure they are still protecting the systemm
QuarterlyQuarterlyNoNo
Check power supply fan for ventilatioCheck power supply fan for ventilation and dirt buildup and clean if necessn and dirt buildup and clean if necessaryary
QuarterlyQuarterlyNoNo
Back up CMOS informationBack up CMOS informationQuarterlyQuarterlyNoNo
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Preventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance Schedule
Preventive Maintenance ActivityPreventive Maintenance ActivityRecommendeRecommended Frequencyd Frequency
Auto?Auto?
Update emergency boot floppiesUpdate emergency boot floppiesQuarterlyQuarterlyNoNo
Clean floppy disk drive internals and rClean floppy disk drive internals and read/write headsead/write heads
QuarterlyQuarterlyNoNo
Check processor temperature, inspectCheck processor temperature, inspect heat sink and fan heat sink and fan
Annually Annually NoNo
Check hard disk for temperature and vCheck hard disk for temperature and vibrationibration
Annually Annually NoNo
Clean exterior of caseClean exterior of caseAnnuallyAnnuallyNoNo
Clean exterior of monitorClean exterior of monitorAnnuallyAnnuallyNoNo
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Preventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance SchedulePreventive Maintenance Schedule
Preventive Maintenance ActivityPreventive Maintenance ActivityRecommendeRecommended Frequencyd Frequency
Auto?Auto?
Check and clean interior, motherboarCheck and clean interior, motherboard and expansion cards if necessaryd and expansion cards if necessary
AnnuallyAnnuallyNoNo
Check internal connections and cableCheck internal connections and cabless
AnnuallyAnnuallyNoNo
Clean keyboardClean keyboardAnnually Annually NoNo
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
Automating Preventive MaintenanceAutomating Preventive MaintenanceAutomating Preventive MaintenanceAutomating Preventive Maintenance
Software-related preventive maintenance activities can Software-related preventive maintenance activities can be automatedbe automated
Using system tools that automatically run programs at Using system tools that automatically run programs at a specific timea specific time
Automated activitiesAutomated activities• Checking the file system for errorsChecking the file system for errors• Checking all hard disks for read errorsChecking all hard disks for read errors• Scanning all hard disks and files for virusesScanning all hard disks and files for viruses• DefragmentationDefragmentation of all hard disk volumes of all hard disk volumes• Data backupData backup
Maintenance wizard in Windows Maintenance wizard in Windows • Defragment hard disk regularly (weekly)Defragment hard disk regularly (weekly)• Scan hard disk for errors regularly (weekly)Scan hard disk for errors regularly (weekly)• Delete unnecessary files (monthly)Delete unnecessary files (monthly)
Software-related preventive maintenance activities can Software-related preventive maintenance activities can be automatedbe automated
Using system tools that automatically run programs at Using system tools that automatically run programs at a specific timea specific time
Automated activitiesAutomated activities• Checking the file system for errorsChecking the file system for errors• Checking all hard disks for read errorsChecking all hard disks for read errors• Scanning all hard disks and files for virusesScanning all hard disks and files for viruses• DefragmentationDefragmentation of all hard disk volumes of all hard disk volumes• Data backupData backup
Maintenance wizard in Windows Maintenance wizard in Windows • Defragment hard disk regularly (weekly)Defragment hard disk regularly (weekly)• Scan hard disk for errors regularly (weekly)Scan hard disk for errors regularly (weekly)• Delete unnecessary files (monthly)Delete unnecessary files (monthly)
COE-KFUPMCOE-KFUPM
SummarySummarySummarySummary
Prevention is always better than curingPrevention is always better than curing Preventive maintenance programPreventive maintenance program Passive preventive maintenancePassive preventive maintenance
• No direct sunlight or temperature variationsNo direct sunlight or temperature variations
• Limit number of power-on cyclesLimit number of power-on cycles
• Use properly grounded three-wire outletUse properly grounded three-wire outlet
• Use UPS systemUse UPS system
Active preventive maintenanceActive preventive maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data
Prevention is always better than curingPrevention is always better than curing Preventive maintenance programPreventive maintenance program Passive preventive maintenancePassive preventive maintenance
• No direct sunlight or temperature variationsNo direct sunlight or temperature variations
• Limit number of power-on cyclesLimit number of power-on cycles
• Use properly grounded three-wire outletUse properly grounded three-wire outlet
• Use UPS systemUse UPS system
Active preventive maintenanceActive preventive maintenance• Cleaning and lubricating componentsCleaning and lubricating components
• Reseating chipsReseating chips
• Maintaining Hard DiskMaintaining Hard Disk
• Backing-up DataBacking-up Data