REVOLUTIONChapter 2

FRENCH & INDIAN WAR

• French putting up forts Ohio Valley

• GB fired first shot

• 1757 – William Pitt, PM

• New young generals

• 1759 -Battle of Quebec

• Costly victory

1763 Pontiac’s Rebellion

Fort Detroit

British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.

The Aftermath:

Tensions Along the Frontier

British Proclamation Line of 1763

BACKLASH!

THE ROAD…

• 1764 Sugar Act

• 1765 Stamp Act

• Taxation w/out representation

• 1765 Sons of Liberty

• 1767 Townshend Acts

• 1770 Boston Massacre

• 1773 East India Co. monopoly

• Boston Tea Party

• 1774 Intolerable Acts

The Shot Heard ’Round the World!

Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775

SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

• May 1775

• Most not want Independence

• Washington Commander

• August 1775 King says in rebellion

• Thomas Paine -“Common Sense”

• Declaration of Independence

THE WAR

• Loyalists (Tories) & Patriots

• New York (July 1776)

• Christmas 1776 – Delaware River

• Oct 1777 Saratoga

• FRENCH ALLIANCE

• Valley Forge - Winter Camp

• Terrible conditions

• Yorktown

• Cornwallis surrenders

• NOT the end of the war

VALLEY FORGE (1777-78)

NORTH AMERICA AFTER REVOLUTION

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

• Approved Nov 1777/ratified 1781

• Joined together to meet common goals

• Each was sovereign

• #1 weakness: couldn’t collect taxes

• Shays’ Rebellion – reform of government

• 1787 Philadelphia

• Virginia Plan

• New Jersey Plan

• Great Compromise

THE BATTLE

• Accepted September 8, 1787

• 9 states needed to ratify

• Federalists vs. Antifederalists

• No Bill of Rights vs. Bill of Rights

• Strong central vs. state

• “The Federalist”• Madison/Hamilton/Jay

• New York – important for size/stature

NEW GOVERNMENT

• George Washington

• Hamilton• Strong central gov

• Jefferson• Gov limited in powers

• State greater power

• VP John Adams

• Bill of Rights

• James Madison

• Judiciary Act of 1789

• Federal courts

HAMILTON’S FINANCIAL PROGRAM

• Assumption – fund all debt (102 M)

• Customs Duties

• Excise Taxes

• Whiskey Rebellion (1794)• Tax on corn products

• Ability to enforce law

• National Bank

• Compromise = Washington DC

PROBLEMS

• NW Forts

• Fur trade, Indian buffer

• 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers• Treaty of Greenville

• Neutrality of ships

• Jay’s Treaty (1794)

• Spain worried about Jay’s treaty

• Pinckney's Treaty• MS River & New Orleans

• Washington’s Farewell address

• Nationalism, neutrality, nonpartisanship

JOHN ADAMS AS PRESIDENT

• France started seize ships• XYZ Affair

• Alien Laws

• Citizenship 14 yrs.

• Deport dangerous

• Sedition Act

• Say anything bad = jail

• KY & VA Resolutions• NULLIFICATION