UNIFYING FORCES DURING THE UNORGANIZED YEARS OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

Propaganda movement’s early stage has no formal organization to organize and direct their activities.

Although they worked individually writing their articles, they acted as one on certain occasion.

One of the liberal newspapers in spain that became sympathetic to the cause of the Filipinos.

LOS DOS MUNDOS

PEDRO DE GOVANTES

GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA

EVENTS THAT BROUGHT CLOSENESS AMONG PROPAGANDISTS

A. The announcement of the abolition of the tobacco monopoly in 1881

B. The victory of Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo at the Exposicion de Bellas Artes in Madrid in 1844

C. The two assaults made against the dignity of the Filipinos as a race by Pablo Feced (“Quioquiap ”) in 1886

D. The propagandists desire to publish their own newspaper.

Circulo Hispano-Filipino

Circulo Hispano-FilipinoOrganization founded and it was headed by Juan Atayde, a Spaniard born in the Philippines.

It published a short-lived newspaper , Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino.

Rizal tried to strengthen its purpose to serve as a nucleus in working for the cause of the Filipinos when he saw that the group had become more of a social group. Rizal also expressed his hope that Spain and Philippines would be a single nation united in spirit and loyalty that Philippines would be equal to Spain.

Espana en Filipinas

Espana en FilipinasPublished in March 1887 as a propaganda newspaper advocating economic and administrative reforms.

The Propagandists accused the Exposicion de Filipinas management of misrepresenting the Filipinos and misleading the Spanish authorities so that the reform would not be granted.

Noli me TangerePublished in March 1887 adding fuel to the heated arguments of pro and anti-propagandists

Father Salvador font recommended it total ban from importation, reprint, and circulation in the islands for it evoked memories of Cavite and sought to overthrow the yoke of oppression.

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

Marcelo H. Del PilarWhile he is in the Philippines ,

He wrote in defense of the Noli, emphasizing that Father Font was not qualified to critisize the book because the friar himself admitted that the book offended him.

Marcelo H. Del Pilar later slip-out of the country after suspecting him of being mastermind of secret assemblies.