Properties of Matter

Physical Properties

• Physical property – observed or measured property of matter that does not change the identity of the matter

• Ex: size, shape, color, texture, material, mass, volume

• Used to identify matter

Some More Physical Properties

• State of Matter

• Thermal conductivity

• Solubility

• Density

• Malleability – ability to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets.

• Ductility – ability to be pulled into a wire

Density• density – the amount of matter in a given space.

3cm

g

V

mD

mass volume

SI Units Solid Liquid

mL

g

VmD or

Density Volume

mass

Density

• Can be used to identify matter

• Using density to describe matter– for a substance the density is always the same– for different substances the density is usually different

• Can be used to separate substances– Less dense substances float in more dense substance– More dense substances sink in less dense substance

Chemical Properties

• chemical property – describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new different substance

Ex: flammability, reactivity to oxygen, reactivity to water

Changing Matter

• physical change – change that affects physical properties of a substance– Remains the same substance

• chemical change – one or more substances are changed into completely new substances with all new physical and chemical properties.Ex: burning wood, rusting metal, cooking food