pros - menh de quan he p1.pdf
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RELATIVE CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề quan hệ) - PHẦN 1
I. Tóm tắt bài giảng
A. 3 loại mệnh đề:
Mệnh đề danh từ Ví dụ: I don't understand what the teacher said.
That I dislike him is clear.
What she like is clear.
Whether she loves me or not is unknown.
Mệnh đề quan hệ hay mệnh đề tính từ Mệnh đề quan hệ hay còn gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ vì nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ và đứng ngay
sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa cho. Ví dụ: The man who lent me this book is my father's friend.
She is talking to the man who lent me this book.
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ (Adverbial clauses)Ví dụ: I won't leave until he answers my question.
I will call him once I have finished my job.
B. Mệnh đề quan hệ Đại từ quan hệ chỉ ngườ i: who - thay thế cho chủ ng ữ , whom - thay thế cho tân ng ữ , whose +
N - thay thế cho sở hữ u cách.
The girl who loves me is a teacher.
The girl whom I love is a teacher.
The girl whose sister loves me is a teacher.
The girl whose sister I love is a teacher.
That is the girl who loves me.
Đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật: which - thay thế cho cả chủ ng ữ và tân ng ữ , whose / of which – thay
thế cho sở hữ u cách
The language which we are learning is the most popular in the world. (which là tân ngữ)
We are learning the language which is the most popular in the world. (which là chủ ngữ)
Ví dụ:
The house is now in bad condition.
Its roof was blown off by the hurricane is now in bad condition.
--> The house whose roof / the roof of which was blown off by the hurricane is now in bad condition.
That: dùng cho cả ngườ i và vật, thay thế cho cả chủ ng ữ và tân ng ữ . Mệnh đề quan hệ giớ i hạn: (Restrictive relative clause) và Mệnh đề quan hệ không giớ i hạn:(Non-restrictive relative clause)
M ệnh đề quan hệ giớ i hạn: The man who / that invented the steam engine was a Scottish
scientist.
M ệnh đề quan hệ không giớ i hạn: James Watt, who invented the steam engine, was a Scottish
scientist. --> không được thay “who” bằng “that”
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That không đượ c thay thế cho sở hữu cách: whose, of which
The man whom / that we are talking about is my teacher.
The man about whom we are talking is my teacher. Cách dùng này trang tr ọng hơn(Khi đưa giớ i từ lên trước đại từ quan hệ thì không dùng “that” đượ c.)
Dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không giớ i hạn trong các trườ ng hợ p sau:- Danh từ riêng (Proper noun)
- Tính từ sở hữu + Danh từ (Ví dụ: my teacher, my little )
- Tính từ chỉ định: that table
II. Bài về nhàCombine the following pairs of sentences
1. Some people live in HongKong. They earn a lot of money.
2. Well, They said they want a pay rise. It is unreasonable.
3. We often go to visit our friends in Shekou. It is quite near ferry.
4. Who was that lady? I saw you with last night.
5. Where do those guys come from? You borrowed their car.
6. Our boss had a heart attack last week. He hasn’t been back to work since. 7. That's the man. I got the bag from him yesterday.
8. Economics is a subject. I am very interested in it.
9. This is Joanne. I gave my notes to her.
10. The friend spoke French. Jim was travelling with him.
11. The ladder began to slip. Tom was standing on it.
12. This is the city. I was born in this city.
13. Paul is fitter than you. I play tennis with him on weekends.
14. The woman said the machine was very good. Jim bought the machine from her.
15. The chair is in bad shape. You are sitting on it.
16. She worked for a man. The man used to be an athlete.
17. They called a lawyer. The lawyer lived nearby.
18. I sent an email to my brother. My brother lives in Australia.
19. The customer liked the waitress. The waitress was very friendly.
20. We broke the computer. The computer belonged to my father.
21. I dropped a glass. The glass was new.
22.
She loves books. The books have happy endings.
23.
They live in a city. The city is in the north of England.
24.
The man is in the garden. The man is wearing a blue jumper.
25.
The girl works in a bank. The girl is from India.
26. My sister has three children. My sister lives in Australia.
27. The waiter was rude. The waiter was wearing a blue shirt.
28. The money is in the kitchen. The money belongs to John.
29. The table got broken. The table was my grandmother’s.
30. The television was stolen. The television was bought 20 years ago.
31. The fruit is on the table. The fruit isn’t fresh. 32.
We ate the fruit. I bought the fruit.
33.
She bought the computer. Her brother had recommended the computer.
34. He lost the money. I had given him the money.
35. We called the taxi company. Julie often uses the taxi company.
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36.
John met a girl. I used to employ the girl.
37.
Lucy called the doctor. My mother knows the doctor.
38.
He brought a woman. I used to often meet the woman .
39.
We employed the lawyer. Julie recommended the lawyer.
40.
The fruit is on the table. I bought the fruit.
41. The wallet belongs to John. Lucy found the wallet in the garden.
42. The food was delicious. David cooked the food.
43. The car was stolen. My father gave me the car.
44. The man was arrested. I reported the man to the police.
45. The doctor was right. Lucy asked the doctor about her problem.
46. The waitress was very pretty. My brother dated the waitress.
47.
The secretary is in the office. The boss likes the secretary.
KEY
1. Some people who live in HongKong earn a lot of money.
2. Well, They said they want a pay rise, which is unreasonable.
3. We often go to visit our friends in Shekou, where is quite near ferry.
4. Who was that lady, with whom I saw you last night? or Who was that lady, who I saw you with last
night?
5. Where do those guys, whose car you borrowed , come from?
6. Our boss , who had a heart attack last week , hasn’t been back to work since.
7. That's the man from whom I got the bag yesterday.
8. Economics is a subject in which I am very interested.
9. This is Joanne, to whom I gave my notes.
10. The friend with whom Jim was travelling spoke French.
11. The ladder on which Tom was standing began to slip.
12. This is the city in which I was born.
13. Paul, which whom I play tennis on weekends , is fitter than you.
14. The woman from whom Jim bought the machine said the machine was very good.
15. The chair on which you are sitting is in bad shape.
16. She worked for a man who / that used to be an athlete.
17.
They called a lawyer who / that lived nearby.
18.
I sent an email to my brother who / that lives in Australia.
19. The customer liked the waitress who / that was very friendly.
20. We broke the computer which / that belonged to my father.
21. I dropped a glass which / that was new.
22. She loves books which / that have happy endings.
23. They live in a city which / that is in the north of England.
24. The man who / that is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden.
25. The girl who / that is from India works in a bank.
26. My sister who / that lives in Australia has three children.
27. The waiter who / that was wearing a blue shirt was rude.
28. The money which / that belongs to John is in the kitchen.
29. The table which / that was my grandmother’s got broken.30. The television which / that was bought 20 years ago was stolen.
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31.
The fruit which / that isn’t fresh is on the table. 32.
We ate the fruit (which / that) I bought.
33.
She bought the computer(which / that) her brother had recommended.
34.
He lost the money (which / that) I had given him.
35.
We called the taxi company (which / that) Julie often uses.
36. John met a girl (who / that) I used to employ.
37. Lucy called the doctor (who / that) my mother knows.
38. He brought a woman (who / that) I used to often meet.
39. We employed the lawyer (who / that) Julie recommended.
40. The fruit (which / that) I bought is on the table.
41. The wallet (which / that) Lucy found in the garden belongs to John.
42.
The food (which / that) David cooked was delicious.
43.
The car (which / that) my father gave me was stolen.
44.
The man (who / that) I reported to the police was arrested.
45.
The doctor (who / that) Lucy asked about her problem was right.
46.
The waitress (who / that) my brother dated was very pretty.
47.
The secretary (who / that) the boss likes is in the office.
