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FastOS Workshop: PROSE Presentation
Partitioned Reliable Operating System Environment
Eric Van Hensbergen([email protected])
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Agenda
Background
Motivation
Virtualization Overview
PROSE Approach
Preliminary Performance Analysis
Noise/OS Interference Analysis
Status Update
Future Work
Background
Motivation: Push the mainstream heavy-weight operating systems out of the way.
Why:
Finer grain of control over system services: scheduling, memory allocation, interrupt handling (or lack thereof)
Reliability: application-specific kernels are likely to be smaller and may even be verifiable using formal methods
Hardware support: Enable use of hardware-specific features which may not be well-matched to generalized mainstream operating system.
Virtualization
Kernel Hypervisor Interface
Hardware Platform
Hypervisor
Logical Partition
Logical Partition
Logical Partition
Logical Partition
Hardware Hypervisor Interface
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PROSE Approach
Kernel Hypervisor Interface
Logical Partition
Hardware Platform
Hypervisor
Logical Partition
Logical Partition
Logical Partition
Hardware Hypervisor Interface
DB2lib OSlib OSGUPS9P
9P
ControllerControllerApp9p
Run applications in stand-alone partition
Enable execution environment which makes starting a partition as easy as starting an application
Development environment allowing creation of specialized kernels as easy as developing an application (library-OS)
Resource sharing between library-OS partitions and traditional partitions keeping library-OS kernels simple and reliable
Extensions to allow bridging resource sharing and management across the entire cluster.
Unified communication protocol for resource sharing and control with built-in failure detection and recovery.
rHype: IBM's Research Hypervisor for Power
Small (~30k lines of code for both x86 & PowerPC)
Developed as a validation test for Cell virtualization features and as a research platform for LPAR research
Uses same system interfaces as IBM's commercial Power virtualization engine
Open Sourced: http://www.research.ibm.com/hypervisor
Applibc AppMPImyOSTransparent Application Development Process
Original Application
PROSE Application
Custom OS Library
ApplibOS
Library OS Components
library OS services (kernel libc)9P FilesystemChannel I/OSchedulerThread Librarystandard I/Osys svc gwnetworkconsoletimelibrary interfacesvirtual machineapplication(s)
HardwareDevices
SystemServices
ApplicationServices
Disk
Network
TCP/IP Stack
Database
GUI
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda2
tun/tap driver/dev/eth0
/dev/tap0
/dev/tap1
/net /arp/udp/tcp/clone/stats/0/1/ctl/data/listen/local/remote/status
File System
/mnt/9p_root/mnt/common_fs/mnt/remote_nfs
/sql/clone/0/query/result/1
/win/clone/0/1/ctl/data/opengl/refresh/2
Resources Sharing via File Name Space
PROSE I/O
u9fsdevconsPrivatenamespace
in channel
out channel
Shared Memory
libfs
applicationopenreadwriteclose
Network
tcp/ip
mpifs
Ethernet
DiskPartition
FileSystem
netfs
PROSE Reliability
u9fsdevconsPrivatenamespace
in channel
out channel
Shared Memory
libfs
applicationopenreadwriteclose
Network
tcp/ip
mpifs
Ethernet
DiskPartition
FileSystem
netfs
in channel
out channel
Shared Memory
u9fsdevconsPrivatenamespace
mpifs
Ethernet
DiskPartition
FileSystem
netfs
arlx112
arlx113
Both
IBM JS20 Blade
SLOF Firmware
4 GB DRAM Memory
Single* 1.66 GHZ 970
Linux 2.6.10
Running GUPS w/128MB set size
Controller Partition
Linux 2.6.10
64 MB of memory
PROSE Partition
GUPS + lib-os
1 GB of memory
GUPS w/128MB set size
Console & Time over 9P
Performance Experimental Setup
Sparse Memory Benchmark Performance
Noise Control w/PROSE & Hypervisors
Allow strict control of percentage of CPU devoted to application versus system daemons and I/O requests
Can eliminate jitter associated with interrupt service routines
Provides a higher degree of determinism that vanilla Linux, but does so at a performance cost
Noise Analysis Experimental Setup
arlx112
arlx113
Both
IBM JS20 Blade
SLOF Firmware
4 GB DRAM Memory
Single* 1.66 GHZ 970
Linux 2.6.10
Controller Partition
Linux 2.6.10
64 MB of memory
PROSE Partition
Application + lib-os
1 GB of memory
Console & Time over 9P
Noise Comparison
Linux Idle
Linux Loaded
PROSE Idle
PROSE Loaded
rHype scheduler explanation
Simple fixed-slot round-robin scheduler.
Quanta is determined by special HDEC counter (default quanta=20ms)
Partitions can be given greater share of CPU by being assigned multiple slots.
Potential Interrupt Policies
Hypervisor Serviced Interrupts
ISR runs in hypervisor context
Partition Preempting Interrupts
Partition with ISR preempts current partition
Hypervisor Mitigated Interrupts
Hypervisor queues interrupt for delivery to partition
Hardware Based Interrupt Routing
Phase Scheduling Noise
FWQ aren't aligned to scheduler quanta
Noise is exacerbated by fixed length scheduling slots.
Fixed noise ratio based on HDEC length
...
Status
Implementing a PAPR compliant CR/Q transport for 9P which could be used by IBM's commercial hypervisor.
Thread module has been implemented and will be available as part of PROSE libraries.
Prototype Xen 9P transport was implemented with reliability/fail-over capabilities. Needs to be moved to new code-base.
Working to support a JVM running on top of PROSE in order to be able to run a large scale commercial workload for performance analysis.
Future Work
Performance Experiments
Continue on track to being able to run a large commercial workload instead of microbenchmarks.
Noise Experiments
Experiment with dynamic scheduling policy which adapts slot-scheduler based on idle yielding.
Repeat experiments with different interrupt service policies.
Repeat experiments with different virtualization implementations (Xen, VMware, IBM Virtualization Engine, etc.)
Repeat experiments with a standard benchmark w/ I/O dependencies instead of relying on microbenchmarks.
SMP studies.
Acknowledgments
This work would not be possible without the contributions of Jimi Xenidis, Michal Ostrowski, Orran Krieger, and the rest of the rHype team. This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract no. NBCH30390004.
http://www.research.ibm.com/prosehttp://www.research.ibm.com/hypervisorhttp://www.research.ibm.com/systemsim
BACKUP SLIDES
Results - Linux
Idle
Loaded
Results - PROSE
Idle
Loaded
HDEC Sensitivity
TimeFWQ Completion Time (ms)Column DColumn E
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IBM Research(c) 2006 IBM Corporation
Partitioned Reliable Operating System Environment
05/30/06
IBM Research
FastOS Workshop
05/30/06
(c) 2006 IBM Corporation
IBM Research
FastOS Workshop
05/30/06
(c) 2006 IBM Corporation
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