Protein Study GuideProtein Study Guide

Why do we need Protein?Why do we need Protein?

Protein is one of the most important Protein is one of the most important constituents of our food because it is constituents of our food because it is the chief constituent of the body cell, the chief constituent of the body cell, of body tissue, and of body fluid.of body tissue, and of body fluid.

1. List three reasons protein is 1. List three reasons protein is needed by the body:needed by the body:

For energyFor energyTo build and repair body tissuesTo build and repair body tissuesTo help maintain body tissuesTo help maintain body tissues

2. How often must individuals 2. How often must individuals replenish themselves with replenish themselves with

protein? Why?protein? Why?

Protein must be replenished daily – Protein must be replenished daily – this is important for replacing worn this is important for replacing worn out body tissue.out body tissue.

3. Why can protein take the 3. Why can protein take the place of carbohydrates and fats?place of carbohydrates and fats?Excess protein is converted into Excess protein is converted into

energy by the body. Protein has 4 energy by the body. Protein has 4 calories per gram.calories per gram.

4. Explain why carbohydrates 4. Explain why carbohydrates and fats cannot take the place of and fats cannot take the place of

proteins.proteins.

Excess protein, once converted into Excess protein, once converted into energy cannot be converted back energy cannot be converted back into protein again.into protein again.

5. The best sources of protein 5. The best sources of protein for optimum health are:for optimum health are:

MilkMilkEggsEggsCheeseCheeseFishFishPoultryPoultryRed meatRed meat

6. What happens to excessive 6. What happens to excessive amounts of protein?amounts of protein?

The excess will be stored as fat.The excess will be stored as fat.

7. What are amino acids?7. What are amino acids?

These are the building blocks from These are the building blocks from which new proteins are made.which new proteins are made.

8. How many essential amino 8. How many essential amino acids are necessary for good acids are necessary for good human health and nutrition?human health and nutrition?

NineNine

9.9. A food that has all 9 amino A food that has all 9 amino acids is called a . . . acids is called a . . .

Complete proteinComplete protein

10. All animal proteins are 10. All animal proteins are classified as:classified as:

Complete proteinsComplete proteins

11.11.List at least 5 examples of List at least 5 examples of complete proteins:complete proteins:

Red meatRed meat FishFishPoultryPoultry Germ of grainsGerm of grainsCertain nutsCertain nuts Milk productsMilk productsSoy beansSoy beans EggsEggs

12. Define incomplete 12. Define incomplete proteins:proteins:

These proteins come from plant These proteins come from plant sources and only contain part of the sources and only contain part of the 9 essential amino acids.9 essential amino acids.

13. From what food sources can 13. From what food sources can incomplete proteins be obtains?incomplete proteins be obtains?

LegumesLegumesDried beansDried beansGrainsGrainsPeanutsPeanuts

14. Why do we need to eat a 14. Why do we need to eat a variety of protein type foods?variety of protein type foods?

A variety of foods makes sure your A variety of foods makes sure your body gets all the amino acids. body gets all the amino acids.

Incomplete amino acids, if not Incomplete amino acids, if not completed will go unused and will be completed will go unused and will be excreted by the body.excreted by the body.

15. How can incomplete 15. How can incomplete proteins be made useful to the proteins be made useful to the

body?body?By combining plant and small By combining plant and small

amounts of animal foods, likeamounts of animal foods, likeMacaroni and cheeseMacaroni and cheeseWhole wheat bread and peanut butterWhole wheat bread and peanut butterPinto beans and corn tortillasPinto beans and corn tortillas

16. What happens to 16. What happens to incomplete proteins that are not incomplete proteins that are not

immediately needed by the immediately needed by the body?body?

They go unused and will be excreted They go unused and will be excreted by the body.by the body.

17. How can animal proteins be 17. How can animal proteins be extended?extended?

By combining them with plant By combining them with plant proteins or carbohydrate foods.proteins or carbohydrate foods.

18. How does the body use 18. How does the body use protein whey there are not protein whey there are not

enough carbs or fats in the diet?enough carbs or fats in the diet?

Protein is stored as fat and then used Protein is stored as fat and then used for energy.for energy.

19. How much protein is 19. How much protein is required each day?required each day?

Based on a 2,000 calorie diet, about Based on a 2,000 calorie diet, about 5 ½ to 6 oz. a day.5 ½ to 6 oz. a day.

20. Insufficient protein in the 20. Insufficient protein in the diet may manifest itself in diet may manifest itself in

several ways. Name at least several ways. Name at least three:three:

Lack of energyLack of energyStunted growth in childrenStunted growth in childrenLowered resistance to diseaseLowered resistance to disease