28

pSUAW qoN mnu`K ƒ hox vwly mu`KjIvwxU rog

2.1 qpidk (Tuberculosis)qpidk XwnI ik tI.bI. (TB), ie`k lMmy smyN q`k c`lx vwlI

ibmwrI hY jo ik gwvW, m`JW, b`krIAW, ByfW, sUrW, ku`iqAW Aqyib`lIAW iv`c pweI jWdI hY[ ieh ibmwrI mnu`KW iv`c vI pweI jWdIhY[ ies ibmwrI nUM “mwiekobYktIrIAm” (Mycobacterium) nW dwjIvwxU krdw hY[ ibmwrI krn vwly jIvwxU dIAW do pRmuK prjwqIAWhuMdIAW hn[ pihlI iksm 'mwiekobYktIrIAm itaubrkuloiss'(Mycobacterium tuberculosis) mnu`KW iv`c pweI jWdI hY Aqy dUjIpRjwqI ijsnUM 'mwiekobYktIrIAm boivs' (Mycobacterium bovis)ikhw jWdw hY, m`JW-gwvW iv`c pweI jWdI hY[ qpidk dI ibmwrIpSUAW vwlI prjwqI qoN vI mnuK nUM l`g skdI hY[ kihx dw Bwv iehhY ik ieh ibmwrI pSUAW qoN mnu`KW nUM vI l`g skdI hY[ mnu`K iv`cjIvwxU swh pRxwlI Aqy dUjIAW srIrk pRxwlIAW au~pr Asr krdwhY[ ies pwT iv`c AsIN pSUAW qoN mnuKW nUM hox vwlI tI.bI. Aqy iesnUM krn vwly jIvwxUAW dI pRjwqI bwry g`l krWgy[

pSUAW iv`c rogSurUAwq iv`c rogI pSU iv`c koeI l`Cx nzr nhIN AwauNdw pr

hOlI-hOlI pSU kmzor huMdw jWdw hY[ swh pRxwlI nwl sMbMiDq rukwvtWAwauNdIAW hn ijvyN ik swh lYx iv`c qklIP Aqy KMG Awid[ pSUnUM Bu`K nhIN l`gdI Aqy du`D dI pYdwvwr Gt jWdI hY[ jwnvr ij`lHw(susq) Aqy sIl ho jWdw hY[ jykr ies rog dw Asr idmwg au~pr

29

ho jwvy qW dOry pYx Aqy c`krIAW k`Fx vrgy l`Cx vI vyKx nUM imlskdy hn[ rogI pSU dIAW ilMP gRMQIAW su`j jWdIAW hn[

PYlx dy kwrxibmwr pSU qoN ishqmMd pSU nUM ibmwrI swh rwhIN huMdI hY[

ibmwr pSU dy Awsy pwsy dw vwqwvrx jIvwxUAW nwl dUiSq ho jWdw hYAqy Aijhy vwqwvrx iv`c swh lYx nwl jIvwxU ishqmMd pSUAW Aqymnu`K iv`c pRvyS kr jWdy hn[ v`Cy-v`CIAW nUM ieh ibmwrI rogI pSUdw du`D cuMGx nwl ho skdI hY[

ibmwrI dw jIvwxU du`D iv`c Aw skdw hY[ pSUAW qoN mnu`K nUMieh rog izAwdwqr rogI pSU dw k`cw du`D pIx nwl huMdw hY[ jykrmnu`K, rogI pSU dw du`D ibnw aubwly hI pI lvy qW ieh rog du`D rwhINmnu`K nUM l`g skdw hY[ (ic`qr 2.1)

ic`qr nM. 2.1: qpidk (tI.bI.) PYlx dy qrIky

30

du`D dI cuAweI smyN Dwrw is`DIAW hI mUMh iv`c mwrnw vIKqrnwk swibq ho skdw hY[ ies nwl ibmwrI mnu`K nUM l`g skdIhY[ ies leI pSU dI Dwr k`Fdy smyN DwrW is`DIAW mUMh iv`c nhINpwauxIAW cwhIdIAW[ swh rwhIN vI ieh ibmwrI PYl skdI hY[ keIvwr pSUAW dI dyK-Bwl krn vwly kwmy, auhnW dIAW SY~fW iv`c hIsON jWdy hn Aqy AijhI dUiSq vwqwvrx iv`c swh lYx nwl auhnW nUMqpidk dI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[

mnu`K iv`c rogmnu`K iv`c qpidk dI ibmwrI swh pRxwlI dy nwl nwl hor

Anyk srIrk pRxwlIAW aupr Asr krdI hY[ mnuK lgwqwr kmzorhuMdw jWdw hY[ buKwr Gtdw vDdw rihMdw hY[ hQW pYrW ivc drd hoxw,Bu`K G`t l`gxI Aqy Bwr Gtxw Awid l`Cx vI vyKx nUM imldy hn[grdn Aqy cmVI hyT igltIAW bx jWdIAW hn[ grdn ivclIAWilMP gRMQIAW su`j jWdIAW hn[ kdy-kdy mrIz nUM dsq vI l`g jWdyhn[ swh pRxwlI qoN ielwvw ieh rog h`fIAW, joVW Aqy idmwg nUM vInukswn phuMcwauNdw hY[

rog dI pCwxpSUAW iv`c 'itaubrkuiln' (Tuberculin) tYst nwl ibmwrI

dI jWc kIqI jw skdI hY[ mnuK ivc tYst nUM “montOks” (Montoux)tYst kihMdy hn (ic`qr nM. 2.2)[ blgm dI prK jW CwqI dy AYks-ry (X-ray) krn nwl (icqr nM. 2.3) vI ibmwrI dw pqw lgwieAwjw skdw hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwmpSUAW iv`c ibmwrI au~pr kwbU pwky hI iesdw mnu`K iv`c

31

ic`qr nM. 2.2: mnu`K iv`c “montOks” (Montoux ) tYst nwl ibmwrIdI jWc (*sroq: sI. fI. sI/ Gabrielle Benenson)

ic`qr nM. 2.3: qpidk (tI.bI.) dy mrIj dw CwqI dw AYks- ry(*sroq: sI.fI.sI)

32

inXMqrx kIqw jw skdw hY[ ikauNik tI.bI. vwly pSU mnu`K leIibmwrI dw sroq hn[ hyT ilKy qrIikAW nwl ibmwrI qoN bcwA AqyrokQwm kIqw jw skdw hY:

1. nvyN KrIdy pSUAW nUM purwixAW iv`c imlwaux/Swiml krn qoNpihlW tI.bI. tYst krvwE[

2. rogI pSUAW nUM ishqmMd pSUAW qoN Al`g r`Ko[

3. qpidk kwrn mry hoey jwnvrW nUM ie`k fUMGw toAw pu`t ky ausiv`c cUny smyq d`b idE[

4. pSUAW dI ishq sMBwl krn vwly ivAkqIAW dI smyN-smyN 'qymYfIkl jWc krvwE[

5. cuAweI krdy smyN duD dIAW DwrW mUMh iv`c mwrn, k`cw duD jWmws dy syvn qoN guryz kro[

2.2 brUsIloiss (Brucellosis)'brUsIloiss' (Brucellosis) nUM qUA jwx dI ibmwrI vI

AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ieh ie`k CUq dI ibmwrI hY ijs krky pSU qIjIiqmwhI (CyvyN qoN A`TvyN mhIny) dOrwn qUA jWdy hn[ mnu`KW iv`c iesibmwrI nUM “mwltw buKwr” vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh rog “brUsYlw”(Brucella) jIvwxU krky huMdw hY[ ies dIAW keI aup jwqIAW hnijhVIAW ik v`Kry-v`Kry jwnvrW iv`c brUsIloiss ibmwrI krdIAWhn[ brUsIloiss rog gwvW, mJW, ByfW, bkrIAW, aUTW, GoiVAW, sUrWAqy kuiqAW Awid jwnvrW iv`c pwieAw jWdw hY[ mnuKI ishq qy sBqoN mwVw Asr b`krIAW vwlI aup jwqI krky huMdw hY[

PYlx dy kwrxmnu`K iv`c ieh ibmwrI mUMh rwhIN, swh rwhIN, jW pSU dy is`Dy

33

sMprk iv`c Awaux nwl ho skdI hY[ (ic`qr nM. 2.4 ) rogI pSU dydu`D iv`c iesdw jIvwxU pwieAw jWdw hY ijsnUM k`cw pIx nwl iehibmwrI ho skdI hY[ Aijhy du`D qoN bxy pdwrQW ijvyN ik krIm jWm`Kx iv`c vI jIvwxU pwey jWdy hn[ qUA gey pSU dI zyr, mry hoey b`cyjW ibmwr gW jW m`J dI sU ivcoN inkly qrl dy sMprk iv`c Awauxnwl vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[ audhwrx vjoN zyr jW qUA gey hoey b`cynUM cukx smyN jW jIvwxU Xukq qrl dy iC`ty mnuK dI A`K iv`c pYx nwlvI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[ pSUAW iv`c ibmwrI jIvwxU Xukq p`Ty Kwx jWjIvwxU Xukq pwxI pIx nwl ho skdI hY[ ieh jIvwxU vDyry mwqrwiv`c grBpwq hoey b`cy, zyr Aqy b`cydwnI iv`coN inklx vwly qrliv`c pwey jWdy hn Aqy ishqmMd pSU iv`c ibmwrI dw kwrn bxdyhn[ msnUeI grBdwn (Artificial Insemination-A.I.) krdy smyNjIvwxU Xukq vIrj dI vrqoN nwl vI pSUAW nUM ieh ibmwrI ho skdIhY[ rogI sHwn qoN vI gwvW/m`JW nUM imlwp krvwaux l`igAW ibmwrI l`gskdI hY[

pSUAW iv`c rogpSU grB dy CyvyN qoN A`TvyN mhIny dOrwn qU jWdy hn[ mirAw

b`cw jW smyN qoN pihlW hI kmzor b`cw pYdw huMdw hY[ du`D dI pYdwvwrG`t jWdI hY[ pSU bWJ ho jWdw hY[ nr pSU dy pqwlUAW dI soj AwjWdI hY Aqy pRjnx SkqI G`t jWdI hY[ ByfW-b`krIAW iv`c vIgrBpwq huMdw hY[ sUrW iv`c grBpwq, joVW dI soj Aqy pqwlUAW dIsoj ho jWdI hY[

mnu`KW iv`c rogbuKwr dw roz cVnw-auqrnw ies ibmwrI dw mu`K l`Cx hY[

svyry mrIj dw qwpmwn TIk huMdw hY jdik Swm nUM ausnUM buKwr ho jWdw

34

ic`qr nM. 2.4 brUsIloiss PYlx dy qrIky

ic`qr nM. 2.5 brUsIloiss nwl pRBwivq mrIj (*sroq: sI. fI. sI/Dr. James Steele)

35

hY[ mrIz Qkwvt mihsUs krdw hY[ kmzorI Aw jWdI hY[ rwq nUMizAwdw psInw AwauNdw hY Aqy kWbw vI iCVdw hY[ Bwr G`txw AqyBuK nw l`gxw vrgy l`Cx vI vyKx nUM imldy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw ip`Tdrd jW joVW dw drd vI huMdw hY[ AMfkoSW dI soj Aqy rIV dI h`fIdI soj G`t vyKIAW jwx vwlIAW pr lgBg p`kIAW AlwmqW hn[(ic`qr nM: 2.5)

rog dI pCwxies ibmwrI dI pSUAW Aqy mnu`KW iv`c pihcwx lYbortrI

iv`c KUn dI jWc nwl kIqI jw skdI hY (ic`qr nM. 2.6) [

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. grBpwq hoey b`cy Aqy zyr nUM cMgI qrHW nSt kro jW fUMGw toAw

pu`t ky aus iv`c cUny dI prq smyq d`b idE[

2. rogI pSU nUM ishqmMd pSUAW qoN Al`g kr idE[

3. nvyN KrIdy pSUAW dI jWc krvwaux auprMq hI purwxy pSUAWiv`c imlwauxw cwhIdw hY[

4. jykr g`Bx pSU KrIidAw hovy qW ausnUM sUx q`k dUjy pSUAW qoNv`Krw r`Kxw cwhIdw hY[

ic`qr nM. 2.6 brUsIloiss ibmwrI dI jWcsr

oq C

DC

, USA

36

5. 4-8 mhIny dIAW v`CIAW dw tIkwkrx krvwE[

6. du`D nUM cMgI qrHW aubwl ky pIE[

ies ibmwrI dI jWc skUl AwP pbilk hY~lQ Aqy zUnoiss,gurU AMgd dyv vYtnrI AYNf AYnIml swiesz XUnIvristI luiDAwxwivKy kIqI jWdI hY[

2.3 AYNQrYks rog (Anthrax)AYNQrYks ie`k jIvwxU rog hY[ ieh ibmwrI swry ivSv iv`c

pweI jWdI hY[ Bwrq dy vI keI rwjW iv`c ieh rog pwieAw jWdw hY[AYNQrYks rog mu`K qOr 'qy ByfW, b`krIAW, m`JW, gwvW Awid iv`cpwieAw jWdw hY[ ieh ibmwrI bYsIils AYNQryiss (Bacillus

anthracis) nwm dw jIvwxU krdw hY jdoN ieh jIvwxU hvw dy sMprkiv`c AwauNdw hY qW Awpxy bwhr ie`k prq bxw lYNdw hY Aqy 'spor'(Spore) bx jWdw hY[ ieh prq ies jIvwxU leI Fwl dw kMm krdIhY ijs krky ieh 'spor' lMmy smyN q`k vwqwvrx iv`c ijMdw rih skdyhn[ ies krky ieh spor bVy Kqrnwk huMdy hn[ jdoN vI 'spor' nUMFukvW vwqwvrx ijvyN ik loNVIdw qwpmwn Aqy nmI imldI hY qW iesiv`c ipAw jIvwxU ikirAwSIl ho jWdw hY Aqy ibmwrI PYlw idMdw hY[ieh ibmwrI pSUAW qoN mnu`K nUM vI ho skdI hY Aqy izAwdwqr auhnWmnu`KW iv`c ho skdI hY jo rogI pSU dy is`Dy jW Ais`Dy sMprk iv`cAwauNdy hn[

pSUAW iv`c ibmwrIpSUAW iv`c ibmwrI dIAW iqMn iksmW hn:

1. bhuq qyzI nwl hox vwlI iksm: ieh iksm jwnlyvw huMdI hY[pSU iv`c koeI l`Cx nhIN AwauNdw Aqy jldI hI pSU dI mOqho jWdI hY[

37

2. qyzI nwl hox vwlI iksm: ies dOrwn pSU nUM qyz buKwr hoskdw hY, pSU AOKy swh lYNdw hY[ dOry vI pY skdy hn[duDwrUAW dI du`D dI pYdwvwr G`t jW iblku`l bMd ho jWdI hY[pSU dy kudrqI rsiqAW ijvyN mUMh, nwsW, XonI Aqy gohy vwlIQW qoN KUn inkldw hY Aqy KUn jMmdw nhIN[ rogI pSU dI mOqvI ho skdI hY[

3. lMby smyN q`k c`lx vwlI iksm: ieh iksm izAwdwqr sUrWiv`c vyKI jWdI hY[ ies iksm iv`c sUr mUMh iv`coN lwrW su`tdyhn[ swh lYx iv`c bhuq qklIP huMdI hY Aqy swh Gutx krkysUr mr jWdy hn[

PYlx dy kwrxpSUAW iv`c ieh ibmwrI, jIvwxU Xukq cwrw Kwx nwl ho

skdI hY[ mnu`KW iv`c ieh ibmwrI auhnW lokW iv`c izAwdw vyKx nUMimldI hY jo ik pSU dy sMprk iv`c izAwdw AwauNdy hn[ ies krkypSU pwlkW, pSUAW dy fwktrW, bucVKwinAW iv`c kMm krn vwilAW,cmVI jW au~n lwhux vwilAW iv`c ies ibmwrI dy hox dI sMBwvnwvDyry huMdI hY[ ies krky ies ibmwrI nUM “au~n CWtx vwilAW” dIibmwrI vI ikhw jWdw hY[ jIvwxU zKmI cmVI dy sMprk iv`c Awaux'qy cmVI rog krdw hY[ jIvwxU dy spor mUMh jW swh rwhIN srIr iv`cpRvyS kr skdy hn[rogI pSU dw mws Kwx nwl vI ieh ibmwrI mnuKnUM l`g skdI hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrI:mnuK iv`c ies ibmwrI dIAW iqMn iksmW hn:

1. cmVI rog

38

ic`qr nM. 2.7 grdn dI cmVI au~qy AYNQrYks zKm (*sroq:sI.fI.sI)

2. swh dI ibmwrI

3. AWqVIAW dI ibmwrI

1. cmVI rog: ieh iksm sB qoN vDyry vyKI jwx vwlI iksmhY[ cmVI rog audoN huMdw hY jdoN jIvwxU cmVI au~pr hoey zKmrwhIN mnu`KI srIr iv`c pRvyS krdw hY[ sB qoN pihlW cmVIlwl ho jWdI hY[ kuJ dyr bwAd CotI ijhI iPMsI huMdI hYijhVI bwAd iv`c Cwly dw rUp Dwrx kr lYNdI hY[ iek hPqyiv`c hI Cwlw P`t jWdw hY Aqy zKm dy ivckwroN kwlw ho jWdwhY (ic`qr nM. 2.7, 2.8, 2.9)[ izAwdwqr ieh zKm h`QW,moiFAW, mUMh jW grdn dI cmVI au~qy vyKy jWdy hn[ jykrielwj nw krvwieAw jwvy qW mOq dw Kqrw vI ho skdw hY[

39

ic~qr nM. 2.8: AYNQrYk@s qoN pRBwivq g`LW Aqy m~Qw

ic~qr nM. 2.9: AYNQrYk@s ibmwrI qoN pRBwivq AOrq dI A~K

sroq

CD

C, U

SA

sroq

CD

C, U

SA

40

2. swh dI ibmwrI: ieh iksm iqMnW iksmW iv`coN sB qoNKqrnwk mMnI jWdI hY[ ByfW dy vwlW jW cmVI au~proN sporswh rwhIN mnu`KI srIr iv`c cly jWdy hn Aqy ibmwrI kridMdy hn[ jdoN jIvwxU swh rwhIN PyPiVAW iv`c clw jWdw hYqW swh dI ibmwrI huMdI hY[ SurUAwq iv`c buKwr, glw duKxw/p`k jwxw Aqy KMG vrgy l`Cx AwauNdy hn[ pr bwAd iv`cbuKwr vD jWdw hY Aqy swh lYx iv`c qklIP huMdI hY[ ie`k-do idnW iv`c mnu`K dI mOq vI ho skdI hY[

3. AWqVIAW dI ibmwrI: ieh iksm ibmwr pSU dw mIt Kwxkrky huMdI hY[ SurUAwq iv`c Bu`K nhIN l`gdI, Av`q AwauNdyhn, aultIAW Aqy buKwr huMdw hY[ bwAd iv`c pyt drd huMdwhY[ KUnI dsq l`g jWdy hn[

ibmwrI dI jWc:ibmwrI dI jWc lYbortrI iv`c keI qrIikAW dy tYstW duAwrw

kIqI jw skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. mry hoey rogI pSU dI cIr-PwV/post mwrtm nhIN krvwauxw

cwhIdw ikauNik Aijhw krn nwl jIvwxU hvw dy sMprk iv`cAw ky spor bx jWdy hn Aqy lMmy smyN leI vwqwvrn iv`cjIivq rih skdy hn[ ies leI mry hoey pSU nUM fUMGw toAwpu`t ky cUny smyq d`b dyxw cwhIdw hY jW swV dyxw cwhIdw hY[

2. ijhVy ielwikAW iv`c ibmwrI izAwdw huMdI hY au~Qy hr swlpSUAW nUM AYNQrYks qoN bcwA leI vYksIn/tIkw lgwauxwcwhIdw hY[

41

3. srkwr v`loN pRmwixq bucVKwinAW qoN hI mIt KrIdxw AqyKwxw cwhIdw hY[

4. au~n dIAW PYktrIAW iv`c kMm krn vwilAW nUM n`k 'qy mwskzrUr pihnxw cwhIdw hY[

5. bucVKwinAW iv`c kMm krn vwilAW nUM ibmwrI qoN bcwA leIswvDwnI vrqxI cwhIdI hY[

6. lokW nUM ibmwrI sbMDI jwgruk krnw cwhIdw hY[

2.4 lYptospweIroiss (Leptospirosis)lYptospwieroiss nUM 'ic`kV buKwr' (Mud Fever), 'Jonw Kyq

buKwr' (Rice Field Fever) jW 'gMnw v`Fx vwilAW dw buKwr' (Cane

Cutter Fever) vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh ibmwrI 'lYptospwierw'(Leptospira) nW dy jIvwxU krky huMdI hY[ ieh jIvwxU guridAW auprAsr krdy hn Aqy ipSwb rwhIN srIr qoN bwhr AwauNdy hn[ iesibmwrI dy jIvwxU cUihAW iv`c ibnW ku`J nukswn puhMcwey rihMdy hnAqy jwnvrW Aqy mnuKW ivc ibmwrI PYlw skdy hn[ “lYptospweIrw”jIvwxUAW dy ijauNdy rihx leI Kwrw pwxI jW KwrI im`tI (Alkaline

soil and water) PwiedymMd hn[ ies qoN ielwvw ieh jIvwxU grmAqy nmI vwly vwqwvrx (Warm and Wet Environment) ivc izAwdwsmyN qk ijauNdy rih skdy hn[ ies krky hI ieh ibmwrI izAwdwqrmINh Aqy grmI dy mOsm ivc vyKI jWdI hY[ ieh jIvwxU imtI, ickV,dldl Aqy pwxI iv`c lMmy smyN q`k ijauNdy rihMdy hn[ auh ivAkqIijhVy ic`kV iv`c kMm krdy hn, nUM ibmwrI dw Kqrw vDyry huMdw hY[ies krky ibmwrI nUM 'ic`kV buKwr' (Mud Fever) vI ikhw jWdw hY[(ic`qr 2.10)

42

ic`qr nM. 2.10: fwr@k PIl@f mweIkRoskopI duAwrw lYptospwierwjIvwxU dw PotomweIkRogRwP (sroq CDC, USA)

ic~qr nM. 2.11: lYptospwierw kwrn pRBwivq ku~qy dy PyPVy(sroq CDC, USA)

43

pSUAW iv`c ibmwrIieh ibmwrI izAwdwqr gwvW, sUrW, kuiqAW Aqy cUihAW iv`c

pweI jWdI hY[ cUhy ies ibmwrI nUM dUjy jwnvrW Aqy mnu`KW iv`cPYlwaux leI mu`K sroq mMny jWdy hn[

rogI pSU nUM buKwr cVHdw hY[ buKwr 105 ifgrI sYlsIAs q`kvI phuMc skdw hY[ pSUAW nUM Bu`K nhIN l`gdI, auhnW dIAW iJ`lIAW(Mucous) pIlIAW ho jWdIAW hn[ pIlIAw ho jWdw hY Aqy mOq vIho skdI hY[ gBx pSU ibmwrI krky qUA vI skdy hn[ duD Gt jWdwhY Aqy iesdw rMg pIlw jW sMqrI ho jWdw hY[ keI vwr ipSwb hlkylwl rMg dw AwauNdw hY[ keI vwr joVW dI soj jW Du`p qoN AlrjI(Photosensitization) vrgy l`Cx vI vyKy jw skdy hn[ sUrW iv`cies ibmwrI krky buKwr ho skdw hY[ mu`K krky ieh ibmwrI sUrIAWiv`c AKIrI mhIny iv`c grBpwq kr idMdI hY jW kmzor b`cy pYdw huMdyhn[ kuiqAW iv`c ieh ibmwrI guridAW aupr mwVw Asr pwauNdI hY[(ic`qr nM: 2.11)

PYlx dy kwrxibmwr cUihAW jW ibmwr pSU dy ipSwb rwhIN jIvwxU vwqwvwrx

nUM dUiSq krdy hn ijvyN ik pwxI, hrw cwrw Awid Aqy ibmwrI ibmwrjwnvrW qoN ishqmMd jwnvrW nUM lg jWdI hY[ rogI jwnvrW dy ipSwbiv`c vI jIvwxU AwauNdy hn[

mnu`K iv`c ies ibmwrI dy jIvwxU dUiSq pwxI jW Bojn qoN jWiPr jKmI cmVI rwhIN pRvyS kr skdy hn[keI vwr Kwxw jW pwxIF`k ky nhIN r`iKAw jWdw, jykr ibmwr jwnvr dy ipSwb dy iC`ty pwxIjW Bojn aupr pY jwx jW cUhy Awpxy ipSwb nwl pwxI jW Bojn nUMdUiSq kr dyx Aqy Aijhy Bojn jW pwxI dw syvn jykr mnuK kr lYNdw

44

hY qW ieh ibmwrI ausnUM vI ho skdI hY[ mnu`K pSUAW dI dyKBwlkrdw hY[ jykr dyKBwl dOrwn munK ibmwr pSU dy ipSwb ivc nMgy pYrqurdw hY Aqy pYr aupr koeI zKm hovy hY qW vI ipSwb qoN jIvwxU zKmrwhIN mnu`KI srIr iv`c pRvyS kr skdy hn[ jykr hor ikqy vI zKmhovy Aqy zKm 'qy ipSwb dy iC`ty pY jwx qW vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[jykr iC`ty A`K, n`k jW mUMh iv`c pY jwxw qW vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[jykr pwxI dw sroq ijvyN ik qlwA, toBw Awid ibmwr pSU dy ipSwbnwl dUiSq hovy Aqy Aijhy pwxI iv`c mnu`K nhw lvy qW vI ibmwrI hoskdI hY[

is`lI im`tI jW nmI vwlI im`tI ijhVI ik rogI pSU dy ipSwbnwl dUiSq hovy dy sMprk iv`c Awaux nwl mnuK nUM ibmwrI l`g skdIhY[ cUhy izAwdwqr kmwd jW Jony dy KyqW ivc pwey jWdy hn ies krkyiehnW KyqW iv`c kMm krn vwilAW ikswnW, kwimAW Awid nUM ibmwrIhox dI sMBwvnw vDyry huMdI hY[ ies kwrn krky ies ibmwrI nUM 'JonwKyq buKwr' jW 'gMny v`Fx vwilAW dw buKwr' vI kih id`qw jWdw hY[

mnu`KW iv`c ibmwrIies ibmwrI qoN pIVq mnuKW nUM buKwr cVHdw hY, isr drd Aqy

mwspySIAW dw drd huMdw hY[ Av`q, aultIAW, dsq jW kbz vrgyl`Cx vI vyKx nUM imldy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw pIlIAw ho skdw hY[keI vwr gurdy Pyl ho jWdy hn[

rog dI pCwxies rog dI pCwx rogI dy bwry jwxkwrI lY ky, lCxW dy ADwr

'qy Aqy KUn jW ipSwb dy nmUinAW dI lYbortrI iv`c jWc nwl kIqIjw skdI hY[

45

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. cUihAW dI rokQwm bhuq hI zrUrI hY[

2. Bojn pdwrQW nUM F`k ky r`Ko qW jo cUihAW duAwrw dUiSq nwhox[

3. jykr Jony jW gMny dy KyqW iv`c kMm krn vwly kwimAW dy h`QWjW pYrW 'qy zKm hox qW auhnW nUM F`k ky kMm krn[ kMm krnleI lMby bUtW (gm bUtW – Gum Boots) dI vrqoN krnIcwhIdI hY[

4. qlwA Awid iv`c nhwaux qoN guryz kro[ Kws krky pwxI dyauhnW sroqW iv`c ij`Qy jwnvr vI nhwauNdy hn jW pwxI dydUiSq hox dI sMBwvnw hovy[

5. Awm lokW nUM ies ibmwrI bwry jwxkwrI muh`eIAw krvwauxIcwhIdI hY[

6. kuiqAW iv`c ibmwrI qoN bcwA dy tIky lgvwE[

2.5 ilstIrIEiss (Listeriosis)ies ibmwrI nUM 'c`kr dI ibmwrI' (Circling disease) vI

ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh ibmwrI gwvW, m`JW, ByfW, b`krIAW iv`c Kws qOrqy vyKI jWdI hY[ pSUAW qoN ieh ibmwrI is`Dy jW Ais`Dy qOr 'qy mnu`KnUM vI l`g skdI hY[ ijAwdwqr ieh ibmwrI pSUAW qoN imlx vwlyKwD pdwrQW qoN mnu`K nUM huMdI hY[ ibmwr grBvqI mW qoN ibmwrI b`cynUM vI l`g skdI hY[ ieh ibmwrI ilstIrIAw monosweItojInj(Listeria monocytogenes) nW dw jIvwxU krdw hY[

pSUAW iv`c ibmwrIByfW iv`c ieh ibmwrI sB qoN vDyry pweI jWdI hY[ rogI pSU

46

iv`c idmwg dI soijS ho jWdI hY[ ies dOrwn buKwr cVHxw, mUMh dIAWmwspySIAW dI AkVwht Aqy nwVW dw ADrMg vrgy l`Cx vyKx nUMimldy hn[ pSU dy ie`k pwsy dw jbwVw ltk jWdw hY jW mUMh ivMgwijhw lgdw hY[ mUMh iv`coN lwrW inkldIAW hn[ pSU kMDW nwl isrlgw ky KVw rihMdw hY[ ByfW gol-gol c`kr iv`c GMumdIAW hn[ keIvwr g`Bx pSUAW dI b`cydwnI dI ienPYkSn ho jWdI hY ijs krky pSUqUA jWdy hn[ bhuq hI G`t vyiKAw igAw hY ik ies ibmwrI krkypSU dy lyvy dI soijS AweI hovy[

PYlx dy kwrxibmwr pSU dy gohy iv`c ibmwrI dy jIvwxU AwauNdy hn[ Aijhy

gohy jW mINgxw nwl cwrw dUiSq ho skdw hY[ pSUAW iv`c ieh ibmwrIshI qrIky nwl nw bxwey hoey hry cwry dy Acwr (Silage) ijsdIpI.AYc. (pH) 5 qoN vDyry hovy nUM Kwx nwl vI ho skdI hY[ jdoNpI.AYc. pMj (pH = 5) qoN vDyry huMdI hY qW ibmwrI dw jIvwxU hry cwrydy Acwr iv`c vDyry v`Ddw-Pu`ldw hY[ mnu`K nUM ieh ibmwrI keIqrIikAW nwl ho skdI hY[ ibmwr pSUAW dy gohy jW mINgxw, ijhnWiv`c jIvwxU huMdw hY, dy nwl dUiSq k`cy du`D nUM pIx nwl jW k`cw mItKwx nwl jW k`cIAW sbzIAW Kwx nwl ieh ibmwrI ho skdI hY[keI vwr jIvwxU duD iv`c vI Aw skdw hY[ Aijhw k`cw duD pIx nwlvI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[ ibmwr grBvqI AOrqW qoN ieh ibmwrI BrUx(Foetus) nUM vI ho skdI hY[

mnu`KW iv`c ibmwrIibmwrI qoN pIVq grBvqI AOrqW dw grBpwq (Abortion) ho

skdw hY[ grBpwq dUjI jW qIjI iqmwhI iv`c ho skdw hY[ grBpwqhox qoN ku`J idn pihlW buKwr, kWbw iCVxw, isr drd Aqy dsq

47

l`gx vrgy l`Cx vyKy jWdy hn[ jykr grBvqI AOrq dw grBpwqnhIN huMdw Aqy bcw ijauNdw pYdw huMdw hY qW CyqI hI ibmwr ho skdw hY[swry srIr iv`c ibmwrI PYl skdI hY[ nvjwq iSSU dI swh pRxwlIvI pRBwivq ho skdI hY[ keI vwr ibmwrI krky mnu`K Aqy nvjwqb`icAW iv`c idmwgI soijS ho jWdI hY[

rog dI pCwxies ibmwrI dw pqw lYbortrI iv`c keI tYst krky hI

lgwieAw jw skdw hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. k`cw du~D pIx qoN guryz kro[

2. A`D p`ikAw jW k`cw mws nhIN Kwxw cwhIdw[ k`cy mIt nUMhmySW dUjy KwD pdwrQW qoN v`K r`Ko qW jo dUjy KwD pdwrQdUiSq nw hox[

3. k`cIAW sbzIAW nUM cMgI qrHW Do ky hI KwE[

4. grBvqI AOrq nUM AwKrI mhIinAW iv`c jykr au~pr d`sy geyl`Cx mihsUs hox qW CyqI hI fwktr dI slwh lYxI cwhIdIhY[

5. grBpwq hoey pSU dI zyr k`Fdy smyN pSU icikqsk nUM iDAwnr`Kxw cwhIdw hY Aqy dsqwny pw ky hI swrw kMm krnw cwhIdwhY[ ikauNik keI vwr ibmwr pSU dI zyr k`Fx qoN bwAd (1-2 idn) pSU cikqsk dI bWh dI cmVI au~pr zKm vyKy geyhn[

6. dUiSq zyr Aqy grBpwq hoey grB nUM cMgI qrHW (fUMGw toAw putky cUny smyq d`b ky) nSt kr idE[

48

2.6 plyg (Plague)plyg cUihAW qoN mnu`K nUM hox vwlw rog hY jo 'zrsIinAw

pYsits' (Yersinia pestis) nwmk jIvwxU kwrx huMdw hY[ ies ibmwrIdw jIvwxU cUihAW iv`c pwieAw jWdw hY Aqy cUihAW dy ip`sU iesibmwrI nUM PYlwauNdy hn[ sMn 1889 iv`c pihlI vwr plyg dImhWmwrI PYlI Aqy lgBg 125 l`K lokW dI mOq hoeI[ hOlI-hOlIies ibmwrI dw pRkop swfy dyS iv`c Gtdw igAw[ sMn 1966 iv`ckrnwtkw iv`c AKIrI vwr mnu`KI plyg vyiKAw igAw pr plyg ny28 swlW bwAd sMn 1994 iv`c Bwrq nUM muV AwpxI lpyt iv`c ilAwAqy plyg kwrx sUrq, gujrwq ivc mOqW vI hoeIAW[ (icqr nM. 2:12)

cUihAW iv`c ibmwrI:ibmwrI dy jIvwxU mu`K rUp iv`c cUihAW iv`c pwey jWdy hn[

cUihAW iv`c Acwnk mOq hox l`g pYNdI hY[ mry hoey cUihAW dIAWilMP gRMQIAW su`jIAW huMdIAW hn[

PYlx dy kwrxieh ibmwrI cUihAW dy ip`sUAW (Xenopsylla cheopis - Flea)

rwhIN PYldI hY[ jdoN ip`sU ibmwr cUhy dw KUn cUsdw hY qW KUn rwhINjIvwxU cUhy iv`c cly jWdy hn[ jIvwxU Xukq ip`sU jdoN dUjy cUhy dw KUncUsdw hY qW dUjy cUhy iv`c vI plyg dy jIvwxU cly jWdy hn[ ip`sUAWnwl ibmwrI iek jMglI cUhy (wild rat) qoN dUjy nUM Aqy iesy qrHW jMglIcUihAW qoN GrylU (domestic rat) cUihAW nUM vI ibmwrI l`g skdI hY[jdoN cUhy auprly ip`sU ijhnW iv`c plyg dw jIvwxU hovy mnu`K nUM k`tlYNdw hY qW ibmwrI mnu`K nUM l`g skdI hY[

mnu`KW iv`c ibmwrI: mnu`KW iv`c ies ibmwrI dIAW iqMn iksmWhuMdIAW hn[

49

ic`qr

nM. 2

.12:

plyg ibm

wrI dI

ivS

v iv

`c si

QqI (*sr

oq: s

I.fI.s

I)

50

ic`qr nM. 2.14: c`Fy (iF`f Aqy p`t dy ivckwrly ih`sy - Groin region)vwlIAW gRMQIAW dI soizS (* sroq: sI. fI. sI)

ic`qr nM. 2.13: k`CW (armpits) vwlIAW gRMQIAW dI soizS(*sroq: sI.fI.sI)

51

ic`qr nM. 2.16: pYrW dIAW auNglW dw glxw-sVxw(*sroq: sI. fI. sI./Christina Nelson)

ic`qr nM. 2.15: h`QW dIAW auNglW dw glxw-sVxw(*sroq: sI. fI. sI/ William Archibald)

52

1. bUboink plyg (Bubonic plague): ieh sB qoN v`D vyKIjwx vwlI iksm hY[ ies iksm iv`c qyj buKwr huMdw hY[ isrdrd huMdw hY[ij`Qy ip`sU k`tdw hY au~Qy Coty ijhw zKm ho jWdwhY Aqy nzdIkI ilMP gRMQIAW dI soz Aw jWdI hY[ ilMP gRMQIAWdI soz bUboink plyg dw mu`K l`Cx hY[ ieh ilMP gRMQIAWduKdIAW hn[ izAwdwqr k`CW (armpits) jW c`Fy (iF`f Aqyp`t dy ivckwrly ih`sy - Groin region) vwlIAW gRMQIAW dIsoizS huMdI hY[ AijhIAW sujIAW gRMQIAW nUM 'bUboj' (Buboes)kihMdy hn ijs krky ies iksm nUM bUboink plyg ikhw jWdwhY[ bwAd iv`c bUbos P`t jWdy hn Aqy ies iv`coN dRv inkldwhY[ (ic`qr nM: 2:13 - 2:16)

2. inEmoink plyg (Pneumonic plague): ies iksm iv`cAcwnk buKr cVdw hY, isr drd huMdw hY, KMG Awauxw, CwqIduKxw Aqy swh lYx iv`c qklIP huMdI hY[ blgm iv`c KUn vIAw skdw hY[ ieh bUboink plyg nwloN Kqrnwk huMdw hY[ swhrwhIN ies iksm dw plyg rogI ivAkqI qoN ishqmMd ivAkqInUM vI ho skdw hY[ rogI mr vI skdw hY[

3. sYptIsIimk plyg (Septicemic plague): ieh iksmbUboink plyg dI hI AglI AvsQw hY[ jIvwxU ilMP gRMQIAWqoN KUn iv`c pRvyS kr jWdy hn[ ieh iksm vI Kqrnwk hYAqy ies iv`c vI mOq hox dw Kqrw huMdw hY[

KUn rwhIN jIvwxU mrIz aupr Gwqk Asr krdy hn[h`QW qypYrW dI cmVI AMdr dIAW KUn dIAW nsW iv`c KUn jMm jWdw hY ijskrky cmVI gl-sV jWdI hY[ ies krky ies ibmwrI nUM kwlI mOq(Black death) vI kihMdy hn[

53

ibmwrI dI pCwxibmwrI dI jWc purwxI jwxkwrI (v`D sMiKAW iv`c iksy jgHw

'qy cUihAW dI mOq) Aqy l`CxW dy ADwr 'qy kIqI jw skdI hY[lYbortrI iv`c keI qrIikAW dy tYstW dy nwl ibmwrI dw pqwlgwieAw jw skdw hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. cUihAW dw kMtrol bhuq zrUrI hY[

2. jykr iksy jgHw 'qy cUihAW dI v`D igxqI iv`c mOq vyKI jwvyqW iF`l nhIN vrqxI cwhIdI[ jldI ishq sbMDI srkwrIADkwrIAW nUM sUicq krnw cwhIdw hY[

3. ip`sUAW dI rokQwm leI kIVymwr dvweIAW dI vrqoN kro[

4. rogI ivAkqI nUM Alg r`Kxw cwhIdw hY[ CyqI hI ausdwielwj krvwE[

5. rog qoN bcwE dy tIky aupl`bD hn pr ieh isrP ahnWivAkqIAW nUM hI lgvwauxy cwhIdy hn ijhnW nUM plyg dwKqrw bhuq izAwdw huMdw hY[

6. rogI ivAkqI dI dyKryK krn vwly ivAkqI nUM bhuqswvDwnIAW vrqxIAW cwhIdIAW hn[

7. lokW nUM ies ibmwrI bwry jwxkwrI muheIAw krvwauxI cwhIdIhY[

2.7 svweIn ierIsIpIlws'svweIn ierIsIpIlws' (Swine Erysipelas) sUrW iv`c

pwieAw jwx vwlw iek Aijhw rog hY jo 'ierIsIpYloQirsk rUsIAopYQI'(Erysipelothrix rhusiopathae) nwmk jIvwxU nwl huMdw hY[ sUrW qoN

54

ielwvw ieh ibmwrI ByfW, gwvW, murgIAW Aqy m`CIAW iv`c vI pweIjWdI hY[ mnu`K iv`c ies ibmwrI nUM 'ierIsIpIloief' (Erysipeloid)ikhw jWdw hY[ sUrW dI sWB sMBwl jW sUrW dy mIt dw kMm krn vwlyivAkqI ies ibmwrI qoN vDyry pRBwivq huMdy hn[ ies qoN ielwvwm`CIAW dy sMprk nwl vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[

jwnvrW iv`c ibmwrIsUrW iv`c ibmwrI dIAW hyT ilKIAW iksmW hn:

1. Aiq qyz (Acute) iksm: ies iv`c qyj buKwr huMdw hY[ BuKnhIN lgdI, kdy-kdy aultIAW AwauNdIAW hn[ ies qoNielwvw cmVI au~pr gUVy lwl (jwmnI) rMg dy D`by pYx l`gjWdy hn[ Aijhy D`by izAwdwqr kMnW aupr pwey jWdy hn[ies qoN ielwvw ilMP gRMQIAW suj jWdIAW hn[ ibmwrI dyAwKrI pVwA iv`c sUr nUM swh lYx iv`c qklIP huMdI hY, dsql`g jWdy hn[ ieMnPYkSn swry srIr iv`c PYl jWdI hY[

2. cmVI vwlI iksm: ies iksm iv`c cqrBuj (Rhomboid)vrgy Awkwr dy D`by cmVI au~pr pY jWdy hn[ D`by Kws krkypyt, p`tW dy AMdrly pwsy, DOx Aqy kMnW au~pr pwey jWdy hn[SurUAwq iv`c D`by lwl jW jwmxI rMg dy huMdy hn Aqy bwAdiv`c iehnW dw rMg kwlw ho jWdw hY Aqy sV-su`k ky JV jWdyhn[

3. lMmI iksm: ies iv`c idl 'qy mwVw Asr pYNdw hY[ idl dIsoijS ho jWdI hY[ l`qW dy joV su`j jWdy hn Aqy jwnvrW nUMqurn iv`c AOK huMdI hY[

4. joVW dI soj: ies iv`c l`qW dy joV suj jWdy hn Aqy jwnvrWnUM qurn iv`c AOK huMdI hY[

55

ByfW iv`c joVW dI soj huMdI hY[ kdy-kdy cmVI 'qy vI Asr pYskdw hY[

PYlx dw kwrxibmwr sUr dy ml, ipSwb jW lwrW rwhIN jIvwxU bwhr inkl

ky vwqwvrn nUM dUiSq krdy hn[ jIvwxU Xukq pwxI pIx jW Kwxw Kwxnwl ibmwrI sUrW qoN dUjy sUrW nUM ho jWdI hY[ cmVI rwhIN vI ibmwrIsUrW nUM l`g skdI hY[ mnu`K jdoN ibmwr sUrW dy sMprk iv`c AwauNdwhY qW jIvwxU lwg rwhIN jW zKmI cmVI rwhIN mnuKI srIr iv`c pRvySkr jWdy hn[ ieh jIvwxU m`CIAW dI cmVI au~pr vI pwieAw igAw

ic~qr nM. 2.17: svweIAn ierIsIpYlws kwrn su~jy (Aqy ierIDImw)hoey g`l qy A~KW (sroq CDC, USA)

56

hY[ AijhIAW m`CIAW nUM jdoN ivAkqI h`Q lgwauNdw hY Aqy jykr h`QWau~pr zKm hox qW zKmW rwhIN jIvwxU srIr AMdr jw skdw hY AqymnuKW iv`c ibmwrI dw kwrn bxdw hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrIrogI mnu`K dI cmVI au~qy jwmxI jW lwl rMg dy D`by pY jWdy

hn, zKm ho jWdy hn[ izAwdwqr zKm h`QW Aqy auNglW au~pr vyKyjWdy hn[ nyVy dy joVW ijvyN auNglW dy joVW dw drd huMdw hY[ pRBwivqcmVI au~qy KwirS Aqy jln huMdI hY[keI vwrI m`Tw-m`Tw buKwr vI hoskdw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw idl 'qy vI mwVw Asr pY skdw hY[ (ic`qr2.17)

ibmwrI dI pCwxibmwrI dI jWc cmVI au~qy hoey cqrBujI Akwr dy zKmW qoN

kIqI jw skdI hY[ ies qoN ielwvw KUn dy nmUny qoN vI ibmwrI dw pqwlgwieAw jw skdw hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. ibmwrI qoN bcwA leI sUrW dI sWB sMBwl krn vwly ivAkqI

rogI jwnvr dI sMBwl vyly dsqwny Awid pihnx jW zKmW nUMF`k ky r`Kx qW jo jIvwxU jKmW rwhIN AMdr nw jw sky AqyibmwrI qoN bcwA ho sky[

2. in`jI swP sPweI dw iDAwn r`Ko[

3. mry hoey sUr nUM cMgI qrHW nSt kr idE[

4. SY~f jW vwVy nUM rogwxU nwSk dvweI (disinfectant) nwl cMgIqrHW Do idE[

57

5. ibmwr sUrW nUM ishqmMd sUrW qoN v`K kr idE Aqy fwktr koloNielwj krvwE[

6. sUr Aqy m`CI pwlx dw ik`qw krn vwly lokW nUM ibmwrI bwryjwxkwrI muh`eIAw krvwauxI cwhIdI hY[

2.8 swlmonYloiss (Salmonellosis)swlmonYloiss rog 'swlmonYlw' (Salmonella) jIvwxU kwrn

huMdw hY jo ik gwvW, m`JW, ByfW, b`krIAW, poltrI, sUrW, ku`iqAW,ib`lIAW Awid iv`c ibmwrI kr skdw hY[ swlmonYlw jIvwxU dIAWkeI pRjwqIAW huMdIAW hn[ kuJ pRjwqIAW gwvW iv`c, kuJ sUrW iv`cAqy kuJ murgIAW iv`c ibmwrI krdIAW hn[

jwnvrW iv`c ibmwrIswlmonYloiss ibmwrI kwrn gwvW nUM qyz buKwr ho jWdw hY, gohy

iv`c jMimAw KUn AwauNdw hY Aqy mok l`g jWdI hY[ pSU qklIP mMndwhY[ keI vwr jykr g`Bx hovy qW qUA vI skdw hY[ pr keI vwrjIvwxU pSU dIAW ilMP gRMQIAW iv`c luikAw rihMdw hY Aqy koeI vIl`Cx vyKx nUM nhIN imldy[ kuJ jwnvrW iv`c l`Cx qW vyKx nUM nhINimldy pr auhnW dy ml rwhIN jIvwxU bwhr Awaux kwrx vwqwvrndUiSq huMdw rihMdw hY jo ik dUjy jwnvrW leI ibmwrI dw sroq huMdw hY[v`Cy-v`CIAW iv`c ibmwrI swry srIr iv`c ieMnPYkSn kr skdI hYAqy mOq ho skdI hY[ ijhVy vwiVAW iv`c swP sPweI dw iDAwn nhINr`iKAw jWdw au~Qy ibmwrI hox dw Kqrw vDyry huMdw hY[ sUrW iv`cibmwrI kwrn buKwr Aqy mok l`g skdI hY[ kuiqAW, ib`lIAW iv`c vIibmwrI krky aultIAW Aqy dsq vrgy l`Cx vyKx nUM imldy hn[murgIAW iv`c ibmwrI kwrn bhuq nukswn ho skdw hY[

58

PYlx dy kwrxibmwrI dw jIvwxU ml rwhIN bwhr AwauNdw hY Aqy vwqwvrn nUM

dUiSq krdw hY[ Aijhy ml dy sMprk nwl ibmwrI ishqmMd jwnvrWnUM l`g skdI hY[ murgIAW jdoN AWfy idMdIAW hn qW ibmwr murgIAWdy AWifAW dI bwhrlI prq (AMifAW dy Kol – Egg Shell) au~prjIvwxU l`g jWdy hn Aqy cUicAW nUM vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[ AijhydUiSq AWifAW nUM ieMnkubytr (Incubator) iv`c r`Kx nwl ieMnkubytrvI dUiSq ho skdw hY[ mnu`K iv`c ibmwrI jIvwxUAW nwl dUiSq hoeymIt (sUr jW murgy dw), du`D Aqy AWfy Kwx nwl ho skdI hY[ jdoNAijhy dUiSq KwD-pdwrQW nUM shI qrIky nwl pkw ky nhIN KwDw jWdwhY qW ibmwrI mnu`K nUM l`g skdI hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrImrIz nUM dsq l`g jWdy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw pyt drd, Av`q

Awauxy Aqy keI vwr aultIAW Awaux vrgy l`Cx vyKx nUM imldyhn[srIr iv`c pwxI dI Gwt ho skdI hY[ keI vwr rogI dy TIk hoxqoN bwAd vI kuJ hPqy q`k ml rwhIN jIvwxU bwhr AwauNdw hY[ Aijhymnu`K dUijAW leI ibmwrI dw sroq ho skdy hn[ jykr Aijhy mnu`KBojn bxwauNdy hn Aqy AwpxI in`jI swP sPweI dw iDAwn nhIN r`KdyqW dUjy ivAkqIAW leI ibmwrI dw kwrn is`D ho skdy hn[

ibmwrI dI pCwxmnu`KW iv`c dsq qoN jW dUiSq Bojn qoN ibmwrI dI jWc kIqI

jw skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. bcwA Aqy rokQwm leI sB qoN zrUrI ivAkqIgq sPweI

59

hY[ nhuMAW nUM k`t ky r`Ko[ rotI Kwx qoN pihlW Aqy bwAd iv`ccMgI qrHW h`Q Dovo[ pKwny jwx qoN bwAd vI cMgI qrHW h`QDovo[

2. du`D nUM cMgI qrHW aubwl ky Aqy mIt nUM cMgI qrHW pkw ky hIKwE[

3. pwxI swP suQrw Aqy aubilAw hoieAw pIvo[

4. Bojn bxwaux vwilAW nUM in`jI swP sPweI dw Kws iDAwnr`Kxw cwhIdw hY[

5. lokW nUM ibmwrI bwry jwxkwrI muh`eIAw krvwauxI cwhIdI hY[

2.9 tUlwrIimAw (Tularemia)ieh ibmwrI mu`K rUp iv`c KrgoSW Aqy kuqrn vwly jwnvrW

(Rodents) dI ibmwrI hY[ ieh ibmwrI PrWsIsYlw tulwrYNiss(Francisella tularensis) nW dw jIvwxU krdw hY[ ieh ibmwrI ByfW,ku`iqAW, ib`lIAW Aqy jMglI jwnvrW iv`c pweI jWdI hY[ iehibmwrI izAwdwqr AmrIkw Aqy XUrp iv`c pweI jWdI hY[

jwnvrW iv`c ibmwrIKrgoSW iv`c ibmwrI bhuq iBAwnk huMdI hY Aqy KrgoS ibnW

koeI l`Cx idKwey hI mr jWdy hn[ ibmwr ByfW iv`c bu^wr, qurniPrn iv`c qklIP, dsq, swh lYx iv`c kiTnweI Awid l`Cx vyKyjWdy hn[

PYlx dy kwrxie`k jwnvr qoN dUjy jwnvr nUM ibmwrI ic`cV dy k`tx nwl ho

skdI hY[ ibmwr jwnvr nUM k`tx qoN bwAd jykr ic`cV mnu`K nUMk`tdw hY qW mnu`K nUM vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[ KrogS dw k`cw jW A`D

60

ic`qr nM. 2.18: tUlwrIimAw krky cmVI aupr zKm(*sroq: sI. fI. sI./ Emory Univ.; Dr. Sellers)

ic~qr nM. 2.19: tulwrImIAw CUq rog nwl pRBwivq h~Q qy zKm(sroq CDC, USA)

61

ic~qr nM. 2.20: tulwrImIAw CUq rog nwl pRBwivq m~Qw qy zKm(sroq CDC, USA)

ic~qr nM. 2.21: tulwrImIAw CUq rog kwrn erIDImw hoey gofy(sroq CDC, USA)

62

p`ikAw mIt Kwx nwl vI mnu`K ies ibmwrI dw iSkwr ho skdw hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrIisr drd, kWbw iCVxw, mwspySIAW dw drd Aqy aultIAW

vrgy l`Cx vyKx nUM imldy hn[ cmVI au~pr zKm ho skdy hn[nzdIkI ilMP gRMQIAW su`j skdIAW hn[ ibmwrI A`KW au~pr vIAsr kr skdI hY[ A`K dIAW plkW au~pr Cotw ijhw Cwlw ho jWdwhY[ nzdIkI ilMP gRMQIAW su`j jWdIAW hn[ swh rwhIN hox vwlIibmwrI iv`c inmonIAw ho jWdw hY[ mUMh rwhIN hox vwlI ibmwrI iv`cdsq, aultIAW, buKwr Aqy zihrvwd (Toxemia) vrgy lCx AwauNdyhn[ (ic`qr nM. 2.18-2.21)

ibmwrI dI jWcibmwrI dI jWc lYbortrI iv`c keI qrIky dy tYstW nwl kIqI

jw skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. ic`cVW dw kMtrol kro[

2. ivAkqIgq sPweI dw iDAwn r`Ko[

3. k`cw jW A`D p`ikAw KrogS dw mws nw KwE[

2.10 lweIm bImwrI (Lyme disease)lweIm ibmwrI (Lyme disease) jW 'borIlIEiss'

(Borreliosis) ic`cVW rwhI hox vwlI bImwrI hY jo 'borIlIAwbrgforPyrweI' (Borrelia burgdorferi) nwmk jIvwxU krky huMdIhY[ izAwdwqr ieh ibmwrI AmrIkw iv`c pweI jWdI hY[ ies qoNielwvw, XUrp, eySIAw Aqy AstRylIAw iv`c vI pweI jWdI hY[ iehibmwrI pihlI vwr AmrIkw dy pRWq konYktIkt (Connecticut) dy

63

ie`k ksby “lweIm” ivKy 1975 iv`c pweI geI[ ies krky hI iesibmwrI dw nW “lweIm ibmwrI” pY igAw[ ihrn aupr pwey jwx vwlyic`cV ies ibmwrI leI ijMmyvwr huMdy hn[

PYlx dy kwrnihrnW dy ic`cVW (Deer tick) dy jIvn c`kr dIAW cwr

AvsQwvW huMdIAW hn: AMfy, lwrvw, inMP (Lymph) Aqy ic`cV[ic`cV dy jIvn c`kr nUM pUrw hox leI lgBg 2 swl l`g jWdy hn[mwdw ic`cV AWfy idMdy hn, AWifAW qoN AglI AvsQw lwrvw bxdwhY Aqy lwrvy qoN inMP bxdw hY[ lwrvy Awpxw Bojn jMglI cUihAW dwKUn cUs ky pRwpq krdy hn[ jykr jMglI cUihAW dy KuUn iv`c lweImibmwrI dy jIvwxU hox qW auh jIvwxU lwrvy iv`c cly jWdy hn[ iesqoN ielwvw, lwrvw Awpxw Bojn pMCIAW (Ground feeding birds) AqyCoty jwnvrW dy KUn qoN vI pRwpq kr skdy hn[ lwrvy qoN inMP bxdwhY, inMP pMCIAW Aqy Coty jwnvrW dw KUUn cUs ky pyt Brdy hn[ jykrinMP ijs iv`c jIvwxU hox pMCIAW jW Coty jwnvrW dw KUn cUsdy hn qWibmwrI dy jIvwxU KUn rwhIN pMCIAW jw Coty jwnvrW ivc cly jWdy hn[dUjI g`l ieh vI ho skdI hY ik jykr inMP iv`c jIvwxU nw hox(ikauNik ieh vI ho skdw hY jdoN lwrvy ny cUihAW dw KUn cUisAw hovy,cUhy iv`c jIvwxU nw hox, ies krky lwrvy qoN bxy inMP iv`c vI jIvwxUnhIN ho skdy) pr jdoN auh pMCI dw KUn cUsx Aqy pMCI dy KUUn iv`cjIvwxU hox qW inMP iv`c jIvwxU cly jWdy hn[ inMP qoN jvwn ic`cV(adult deer tick) bxdw hY jo ihrn au`pr pwieAw jWdw hY[ mnu`K nUMieh bImwrI inMP jW ic`cV dy k`tx nwl huMdI hY[ inMP bhuq hI CotwhuMdw hY ijsdw lgBg KsKs dy dwixAW ijMnw Awkwr huMdw hY[ AwmqOr 'qy inMP jMglI cUhy Aqy pMCI dy KUn 'qy hI pldy hn[ pr keI vwr

64

iehnW dI aupl`bDqw nw hox krky inMP mnuK jW ausdy pwlqU “kuqy”nUM vI k`t lYNdy hn[ inMP dy bhuq Coty Awkwr krky iesdy k`tx l`gybhuq vwr pqw hI nhIN l`gdw[

jwnvrW iv`c l`Cxihrn iv`c ibmwrI krky l`Cx vyKx nUM nhIN imldy[ ku`iqAW

iv`c ies ibmwrI krky susqI, Bu`K nw l`gxI, buKwr vrgy l`CxAwauNdy hn[ lMgVwpn (lMgVw ky qurnw), ilMP gRMQIAW dI soijS, joVWdI soijS ies ibmwrI dy mu`K l`Cx hn[ ies qoN ielwvw lweImibmwrI dw jIvwxU guridAW, idl Aqy idmwg au~pr vI Asr krdwhY[

mnu`K iv`c l`CxrogI mnu`K nUM Qkwvt mihsUs huMdI hY, kWbw iCVdw hY Aqy

buKwr cVdw hY[ isr drd, mwspySIAW dw drd Aqy joVW dw drdvrgy l`Cx vI vyKx nUM imldy hn[ ij`Qy ic`cV jW inMP (ic`cV dyjIvn c`kr dI ie`k AvsQw) ny k`itAW huMdw hY, au`Qy cmVI lwl hojWdI hY[ cmVI au~pr ie`k Kws iksm dw inSwn ijsdw Awkwr 'JotydI A`K' (Bull's eye lesion) vrgw huMdw hY pY jWdw hY (ic`qr nM. 2.22 )[ Awm krky ieh inSwn p`t, ku`CV, c`Fy/iF`f Aqy p`t dyivckwrly ih`sy (Groin) au~qy vyKy jWdy hn[ jykr ibmwrI dw ielwjsmyN isr nw kIqw jwvy, qW keI hor lCx vI vyKx nUM imldy hn, ijMnWiv`coN joVW dI soijS mu`K hY[

ibmwrI dI jWcibmwrI dI jWc l`CxW, ic`cV dy k`tx Aqy lYbortrI iv`c

keI qrHW dy tYstW dy AwDwr 'qy kIqI jw skdI hY[

65

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. ic`cVW qoN bcwA r`Ko[

2. jykr AijhI jgHw qy jWdy ho ij`Qy ihrn dy ic`cV hox dIsMBwvnw hovy ijvyN jMgl, vweIlf lweIP sYNcUrIz (Wild life

sancturies) Awid, qW pUrIAW bwhW dI kmIz pwE; pYNt nUMjurwbW iv`c n`p lau, mUMh jW h`QW aup`r ikrmnwSk krImlgwau[

3. jykr au~pr id`qy hoey l`Cx Awaux qW CyqI qoN CyqI fwktr dIslwh lau[

4. bcwA Aqy rokQwm leI Awm lokW Aqy jMglW iv`c kMm krnvwilAW nUM ibmwrI pRqI jwgrUk krnw bhuq zrUrI hY[

ic`qr nM. 2.22 cmVI au`pr 'Joty dI A`K' (Bull's eye lesion) dy Awkwrdw inSwn (* sroq: sI. fI. sI./ James Gathany)

66

2.11 ib`lI Kurk rog (Cat Scratch disease)'ib`lI Kurk rog' (Cat scratch fever) ib`lIAW iv`c pwieAw

jwx vwlw rog hY jo ik 'bwrtonYlw hYnsylw'(Bartonella henselae)

nwmk jIvwxU kwrn huMdw hY[ iblIAW qoN ibmwrI mnuK nUM vI lg skdIhY[ Bwrq iv`c ieh ibmwrI G`t hI vyKx nUM imldI hY[ ib`lI dy k`tx,v`Fx jW pMjw mwrn nwl mnu`K nUM ibmwrI l`g skdI hY[ ibmwrI iv`cib`lI au`pr pwey jwx vwly ip`sU (Flea) vI BUimkw inBwauNdy hn[

PYlx dy kwrnibmwr ib`lI dy KUn iv`c jIvwxU huMdw hY[ ip`sU jdoN KUUn cUsdy

hn qW KUn rwhIN jIvwxU ip`sU iv`c cly jWdy hn[ Aijhy ip`sU (ijhnWiv`c jIvwxU hox) ishqmMd ib`lI au~pr pY jWdy hn[ ip`sU dy ml rwhIjIvwxU bwhr Aw jWdy hn[ ip`sU dw ml (ijs iv`c jIvwxU hn) ib`lIdI cmVI au`pr l`igAw rih jWdw hY[ hux ib`lI jdoN Kurk krdI hYqW ipsU dw ml iblI dy pMjy ivc Ps jWdw hY[ jdoN iblI ijAwdw KurkkrdI hY qW keI vwr nhuMdr v`j jWdI hY, pMjy iv`c Psy ml qoN jIvwxUnhuMdr vwlI jgHw 'qy KUUn rwhIN ib`lI iv`c pRvyS kr jWdw hY jW keIvwr ib`lI cmVI c`tdI hY aus dOrwn vI jIvwxU ib`lI iv`c pRvyS krskdy hn[

mnuK iv`c ieh ibmwrI ib`lI dy pMjy mwrn qy huMdI hY[ jdoN pMjyiv`c ip`sU-ml PisAw hovy (ijs iv`c jIvwxU hox) qy ib`lI mnu`K dypMjw mwr dyvy qW jIvwxU mnu`K iv`c pRvyS kr jWdy hn[

ib`lI iv`c ibmwrIibmwr ib`lIAW iv`c ies ibmwrI krky l`Cx vyKx nUM nhIN

imldy[

67

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrIij`Qy ib`lI ny pMjw mwirAw huMdw hY au~Qy dI cmVI lwl ho jWdI

hY, Cotw ijhw Cwlw jW PoVw ho jWdw hY, ijhVw ik do-iqMn hPiqAWiv`c TIk ho jWdw hY[ ilMP gRMQIAW (Lymph nodes) dI soijS ho jWdIhY[ buKwr Aqy Qkwvt vrgy l`Cx vI vyKx nUM iml skdy hn[ ijhVyivAkqIAW dI rog pRqIroDk smr`Qw (AimaUntI - ibmwrIAW nwllVn dI SkqI) G`t huMdI hY ijvyN ik eyfz (AIDS) posItv jW kYNsrdy mrIz jW hor ibmwrIAW nwl gRsq mrIz, auhnW iv`c ieh ibmwrIvDyry nukswn phuMcw skdI hY[

ibmwrI dI jWclYbortrI iv`c tYst krn nwl ibmwrI dI jWc kIqI jw

skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. ib`lIAW nwl Kyfx smyN (BwvyN pwlqU hovy jW Avwrw) iDAwn

nwl Kyfo[

2. jykr ib`lI dw pMjw v`j jwvy jW v`F lvy, qW z^m nUM pwxI Aqyswbx nwl CyqI qoN CyqI Dovo[ fwktr dI slwh lvo[

3. jykr quhwfy koeI z^m hY, iblI nUM aus z^m nUM ctx nw idau[

4. jykr au~pr d`sy l`Cx Awaux qW fwktr dI slwh lvo[

5. ib`lIAW nUM ip`sUAW qoN bcwA ky r`Ko[ Awpxy vYtrnrI fwktrdI slwh nwl ip`sUAW qoN bcwA kro[

2.12 cUhw v`F buKwr (Rat bite fever)'cUhw v`F buKwr' (Rat bite fever) ie`k jIvwxU rog hY ijsdy

l`Cx cUihAW iv`c vyKx nUM nhIN imldy pr cUhy dy v`Fx nwl ieh

68

ibmwrI mnuK nUM l`g skdI hY[ ibmwrI dw ielwj AYNtIbwEitks nwlkIqw jWdw hY, pr jykr ielwj nw krvwieAw jwvy qW ibmwrI nukswndyh ho skdI hY[

PYlx dy kwrxibmwr cUhy dy v`Fx nwl jW pMjw mwrn nwl ieh ibmwrI mnuK

nUM ho skdI hY[ keI vwr ieh vI vyiKAw igAw hY ik cUihAW dy mljW ipSwb nwl dUiSq Bojn Kwx nwl vI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[

cUihAW iv`c ibmwrIibmwr cUhy izAwdwqr l`CxW qoN bgYr hI huMdy hn[ keI

cUihAW iv`c cmVI dy PoVy (ps-rySy nwl Bry), ilMP gRMQIAW jW joVWdI soijS Awid l`Cx pwey jWdy hn [

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrIbuKwr Aqy kWbw iCVnw vrgy l`CxW nwl SurUUAwq huMdI hY[

mwspySIAW Aqy joVW dw drd hoxw, isr drd, Av`q Aqy aultIAWvrgy l`Cx vyKx nUM imldy hn[ Coty b`icAW nUM dsq vI l`g skdy hnAqy Bwr G`t jWdw hY[ joVW dI soijS ho skdI hY[ goifAW, ig`itAW,moiFAW, kuhxIAW jW gu`t iksy vI joV dI soijS ho skdI hY[

jWc:- lYbortrI iv`c keI qrHW dy tYstW nwl ibmwrI dI jWc kIqIjw skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm:-1. cUihAW dw kMtrol bhuq zrUrI hY[

2. pwxI Aqy Bojn F`k ky r`Ko qW jo auh dUiSq nw ho skx[

3. cUihAW nUM pwlqU r`Kx vwly jW cUihAW au`pr kMm kr rhylYbortrI stwP nUM Kws iDAwn r`Kxw cwhIdw hY[

69

4. cUihAW dy ipMjry swP krn l`gy dsqwny pwau[

5. h`QW dI swP sPweI dw iDAwn r`Ko[

6. jykr cUhw k`t jwvy jW nhuMdrW mwr dyvy qW fwktr dI slwhlvo[

2.13 ikaU buKwr (Q fever)ikaU buKwr (Q Fever) ibmwrI ijAwdwqr mJW-gwvW Aqy ByfW

b`krIAW iv`c vDyry huMdI hY[ ibmwrI dw jIvwxU 'koeygXYlw brnYtI'(Coxiella burnetti) jMglI jwnvrW iv`c vI pwieAw jWdw hY[ku`iqAW-ib`lIAW qoN vI ibmwrI mnu`K nUM l`g skdI hY[

pSUAW iv`c ibmwrIm`JW-gwvW Aqy ByfW iv`c jIvwxU ijAwdwqr QxW/c`Fy Aqy zyr

(Placenta) auqy mwVw Asr pwauNdw hY[ pSU qUA vI skdw hY[

PYlx dy kwrnibmwrI dw jIvwxU ibmwr pSUAW dy du`D, ipSwb, gohy jW ml

rwhIN bwhr AwauNdw hY[ bwhr Aw ky rogwxU vwqwvrx iv`c DUV im`tIiv`c iml jWdy hn[ swh rwhIN rogwxU dUjy jwnvrW nUM ibmwr kr idMdyhn[ jMglI jwnvrW iv`c ibmwrI ic`cVW dy k`tx nwl PYldI hY[mnuK nUM ieh ibmwrI swh rwhIN (dUiSq DUV rwhIN) jW rogI pSU dy is`DyjW Ais`Dy sMprk iv`c Awaux nwl ho skdI hY[ dUiSq du`D pIx nwlvI ibmwrI ho skdI hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrImrIj nUM buKwr cV skdw hY[ isr drd, kmzorI Aqy

mwspySIAW dI drd ho skdI hY[ keI vwr Av`q Awauxw, kWbwiCVnw, qrylIAW Awauxw Aqy joVW dw drd vrgy l`Cx vI vyKy jWdy

70

hn[ idl dI soijS Aw skdI hY[ bhuq izAwdw isr duKxw Aqy AKWduAwly drd (Periorbital pain) hoxw ibmwrI dy mu`K l`Cx hn[

ibmwrI dI jWclYborytrI iv`c keI qrIikAW dy tYstW duAwrw ibmwrI dw pqw

lgwieAw jw skdw hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. jykr pSU qU jwvy qW qUey hoey b`cy Aqy zyr nUM toey iv`c cUnw pw

ky d`b idE[ rogI pSUAW nUM ishqmMd pSUAW qoN Al`g r`Ko[

2. bu`cV KwinAW iv`c kMMm krn vwly jW rogI pSUAW dI sWBsMBwl krn vwly ivAkqIAW nUM swvDwnIAW vrqxIAWcwhIdIAW hn[ du`D hmySw aubwl ky pIE[

2.14 AwrnIQoiss (Ornithosis)ieh ibmwrI pMCIAW qoN mnu`KW nUM l`gdI hY[ qoiqAW, kbUqrW,

bqKW Aqy trkI qoN ieh ibmwrI mnu`K nUM lg skdI hY[ ibmwrI dyrogwxUM dw nwm 'klmweIfIAw istwsI' (Chlmydia psittaci) hY[

pMCIAW iv`c ibmwrIrogI pMCIAW dIAW ib`TW rwhIN jIvwxU bwhr AwauNdw hY[

pMCIAW iv`c izAwdwqr l`Cx nhIN AwauNdy[ pMCI susq ho jWdy hn,Bu`K nhIN l`gdI[ nwsW iv`coN pwxI vgdw hY Aqy ib`TW pqlIAW hojWdIAW hn[ rogI pMCI dIAW A`KW lwl (Conjuctivitis) ho jWdIAWhn[

PYlx dy kwrxmnu`K nUM ieh ibmwrI rogI pMCI dIAW ib`TW nwl dUiSq hoeI

DUV iv`c swh lYx nwl ho skdI hY[ ibmwr pMCI dy ml rwhIN rogwxU

71

bwhr AwauNdy hn Aqy vwqwvrx nUM dUiSq kr idMdy hn[ im`tI G`tynwl juV ky jIvwxU swh rwhIN dUjy pMCIAW nUM vI ibmwr kr skdy hn[jykr ishqmMd pMCI ibmwr pMCI dI ib`T Kw lvy qW ausnUM vI ibmwrIho skdI hY[

mnu`K iv`c ibmwrImnu`K nUM ibmwrI pMCIAW qoN huMdI hY[ buKwr cVdw hY[ Bu`K nw

l`gxw Aqy isr drd vrgy l`Cx vyKy jw skdy hn[ keI mrIjW iv`cdsq, inmonIAw vI ho skdw hY[

ibmwrI dI jWclYbortrI iv`c keI qrIikAW nwl ibmwrI dI jWc kIqI jw

skdI hY[

bcwA Aqy rokQwm1. pMCIAW dI sWB sMBwl krn vwilAW nUM swvDwnI vrqxI

cwhIdI hY[

2. auhnW ƒ cwhIdw hY ik mUMh qy mwsk pw ky rogI pMCIAW dIsMBwl krn[

3. in`jI swP sPweI dw vI iDAwn r`Kx[

4. mry pMCIAW jW auhnW dIAW ib`TW Awid nUM cMgI qrHW nSt krdyxw cwhIdw hY[

5. ipMjirAW nUM kItwxU nwSk dvweIAW nwl Dovo[

6. ibmwrI bwry v`D qoN v`D lokW nUM jwxkwrI muh`eIAw krvwauxIcwhIdI hY[