psy final draft word

7/23/2019 Psy Final Draft Word

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DR. RAM MANOHAR LOHIA NATIONAL

LAW UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW

PSYCHOLOGY

Final Draft

On

Effective Factors for Increasing Incident of Anxiety in Youths

Subitt!" t#$ Subitt!" b%$

M&. I&'a Ya"a( Sa)&'i

A&&t. *r#f!&&#r +.A.LL.+ II &!.-

R#ll n#. ///



ACKNOWLED0EMENT

A a1#r r!&!ar2' 3r#1!2t li)! t'i& i& n!(!r t'! 4#r) #f an%#n! al#n!. Fir&tl%, I 4#ul" li)! t# t'an) %

t!a2'!r M&. I&'a %a"a(, f#r 5i(in5 ! &u2' a 5#l"!n #33#rtunit% t# &'#4 % &)ill& an" 2a3abilit%

t'r#u5' t'i& 3r#1!2t.

T'i& 3r#1!2t i& t'! r!&ult #f t'! !6t!n&i(! ultra3ur! &tu"%, 'ar" 4#r) an" lab#ur, 3ut int# t# a)! it

4#rt' r!a"in5. T'i& 3r#1!2t 'a& b!!n 2#3l!t!" t'r#u5' t'! 5!n!r#u& 2##3!rati#n #f (ari#u& 3!r&#n&,

% t!a2'!r, an" % &!ni#r&, 4'#, in t'!ir "iff!r!nt 3#t!ntial& '!l3!" ! a l#t in 5i(in5 t'! fini&'in5

t#u2' t# t'! 3r#1!2t.

T'i& 3r#1!2t 2#ul"n7t b! 2#3l!t!" 4it'#ut t'! '!l3 #f % uni(!r&it%7& librar% Dr. Ma"'u Lia%!Librar% an" it& int!rn!t fa2ilit%.

T'an) %#u8..



TA+LE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

/. Intr#"u2ti#n

9. R!&!ar2' :u!&ti#n

;. Ob1!2ti(!

<. R!&!ar2' !t'#"#l#5%

CHAPTER II

/. T%3!& #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& in %#ut'&

• S!3arati#n an6i!t% "i&#r"!r

• 0!n!rali&!" an6i!t% "i&#r"!r

• S3!2ifi2 "i&#r"!r

• S!l!2ti(! uti&

• *ani2 "i&#r"!r&

• S#2ial 3'#bia

CHAPTER III

/. Ri&) fa2t#r f#r an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&

• C'il"'##" 2'ara2t!ri&ti2&

• Fail% an" 3ar!nt 2'ara2t!ri&ti2&

• N!i5'b#ur'##" = br#a"!r 2#nt!6tual influ!n2!&

• D!#5ra3'i2 (ariabl!&

• *at'#3'%&i#l#5%

• T!3!ra!nt = 3!r&#nalit%

• En(ir#n!nt fa2t#r&

• +ibli#5ra3'%

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION:-



An6i!t% !an& f!!lin5 4#rri!", n!r(#u&, #r f!arful. An6i!t% i& a natural 'uan r!a2ti#n t'at

in(#l(!& in" an" b#"%. It &!r(!& an i3#rtant ba&i2 &ur(i(al fun2ti#n$ An6i!t% i& an alar

&%&t! t'at i& a2ti(at!" 4'!n!(!r a 3!r&#n 3!r2!i(!& "an5!r #r t'r!at. W! all !63!ri!n2!

an6i!t% at ti!& an" &#! an6i!t% 2an b! '!l3ful an" '!l3& u& fun2ti#n 4!ll. F#r !6a3l!,

f!!lin5 an6i!t% b!f#r! a t!&t, int!r(i!4, #r 3ubli2&3!a)in5 2an '!l3 %#u 3r!3ar! f#r it. W'!n

t'! b#"% an" in" r!a2t t# "an5!r #r t'r!at, a 3!r&#n f!!l& 3'%&i2al &!n&ati#n& #f an6i!t% >

t'in5& li)! a fa&t!r '!artb!at an" br!at'in5, t!n&! u&2l!&, &4!at% 3al&, a :u!a&% &t#a2',

an" tr!blin5 'an"& #r l!5&. T'!&! &!n&ati#n& ar! 3art #f t'! b#"%?& fi5'tfli5't r!&3#n&!.

T'!% ar! 2au&!" b% a ru&' #f a"r!nalin! an" #t'!r 2'!i2al& t'at 3r!3ar! t'! b#"% t# a)! a

:ui2) 5!ta4a% fr# "an5!r. T'!% 2an b! il" #r !6tr!! "!3!n"in5 u3#n 3!r&#n an"

&ituati#n&. An6i!t% "i&#r"!r& ar! a#n5 t'! #&t 2##n !ntal '!alt' 2#n"iti#n&. T'!%

aff!2t 3!#3l! #f all a5!& > a"ult&, 2'il"r!n, an" t!!n&. T'!r! ar! an% "iff!r!nt t%3!& #f

an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&, 4it' "iff!r!nt &%3t#&. T'!% all 'a(! #n! t'in5 in 2##n, t'#u5'$

An6i!t% #22ur& t## #ft!n, i& t## &tr#n5, i& #ut #f 3r#3#rti#n t# t'! 3r!&!nt &ituati#n, an"

aff!2t& a 3!r&#n?& "ail% lif! an" 'a33in!&&.

C'il"r!n an" %#ut' #ft!n 'a(! an% #r! f!ar& t'an a"ult& "# a& t'!% tr% t# a)! &!n&! #f

t'!ir 4#rl". M#&t 2'il"'##" f!ar& ar! n#ral an" 5# a4a% !(!ntuall%. An6i!t% "i&#r"!r& ar!

#n! #f t'! #&t 2##n !ntal '!alt' 3r#bl!& a#n5 2'il"r!n an" %#ut'. C'il"r!n a% b!"ia5n#&!" 4it' #r! t'an #n! an6i!t% "i&#r"!r #r 4it' an6i!t% an" #t'!r !ntal '!alt'

2'all!n5!&. S!3arati#n fr# 2ar!5i(!r, &#2ial 3'#bia, 5!n!rali&!" an6i!t% "i&#r"!r. In'ibit!"

t!3!ra!nt, 3ar!ntal an6i!t%, an" 'a(in5 fail% an" fri!n"& 4'# &#!'#4 &u33#rt a(#i"

ant 2#3in5 !2'ani&& ar! ri&) fa2t#r& f#r "!(!l#3in5 an an6i!t% "i&#r"!r. E63!ri!n2in5

&tr!&&ful lif! !(!nt&, b!in5 3'%&i2all% liit!" in "ail% a2ti(iti!&, an" 'a(in5 'a" "iffi2ult

2'il"'##" !63!ri!n2!& al&# in2r!a&! a 3!r&#n?& ri&) f#r "!(!l#3in5 an an6i!t% "i&#r"!r.

An6i!t% i& a 2#3l!6 bl!n" #f un3l!a&ant !#ti#n& an" 2#5niti#n& t'at i& b#t' #r! #ri!nt!"

t# t'! futur! an" u2' #r! "iffu&! t'an f!ar. It 'a& n#t #nl% 2#5niti(! #r &ub1!2ti(!

2#3#n!nt but al&# 3'%&i#l#5i2al an" b!'a(i#ural 2#3#n!nt&. At t'! 2#5niti(!@&ub1!2ti(!

l!(!l, an6i!t% in(#l(!& n!5ati(! ##", 4#rr% ab#ut futur! t'r!at #r "an5!r, &!lf

3r!#22u3ati#n. At t'! 3'%&i#l#5i2al l!(!l an6i!t% #ft!n 2r!at!& a &tat! #f t!n&i#n an" 2'r#ni2

#(!r ar#u&al, 4'i2' a% r!fl!2t r!a"in!&& f#r "!alin5 4it' "an5!r &'#ul" it #22ur. At t'!

b!'a(i#ural l!(!l, an6i!t% a% 2r!at! a &tr#n5 t!n"!n2% t# a(#i" &ituati#n 4'!r! "an5!r

i5't b! !n2#unt!r!".



An6i!t% 2an b! "!&2rib!" a& a &!n&! #f un!a&in!&&, n!r(#u&n!&&, 4#rr%, f!ar, #r "r!a" #f

4'at?& ab#ut t# 'a33!n #r 4'at i5't 'a33!n. W'il! f!ar i& t'! !#ti#n 4! f!!l in t'!

3r!&!n2! #f t'r!at, an6i!t% i& a &!n&! #f anti2i3at!" "an5!r, tr#ubl!, #r t'r!at.

It?& natural f#r n!4, unfailiar, #r 2'all!n5in5 &ituati#n& t# 3r#3t f!!lin5& #f an6i!t% #r

n!r(#u&n!&&. Fa2in5 an i3#rtant t!&t, a bi5 "at!, #r a a1#r 2la&& 3r!&!ntati#n 2an tri55!r

n#ral an6i!t%. Alt'#u5' t'!&! &ituati#n& "#n?t a2tuall% t'r!at!n a 3!r&#n?& &af!t%, t'!% 2an

2au&! &#!#n! t# f!!l t'r!at!n!" b% 3#t!ntial !barra&&!nt, 4#rr% ab#ut a)in5 a

i&ta)!, fittin5 in, &tublin5 #(!r 4#r"&, b!in5 a22!3t!" #r r!1!2t!", #r l#&in5 3ri"!. *'%&i2al

&!n&ati#n& > &u2' a& a 3#un"in5 '!art, &4!at% 'an"&, #r a n!r(#u& &t#a2' > 2an b! 3art #f

n#ral an6i!t%, t##. +!2au&! an6i!t% a)!& a 3!r&#n al!rt, f#2u&!", an" r!a"% t# '!a" #ff

3#t!ntial 3r#bl!&, a littl! an6i!t% 2an '!l3 u& "# #ur b!&t in &ituati#n& t'at in(#l(!

3!rf#ran2!. +ut an6i!t% t'at?& t## &tr#n5 2an int!rf!r! 4it' "#in5 #ur b!&t. T## u2'

an6i!t% 2an 2au&! 3!#3l! t# f!!l #(!r4'!l!", t#n5u!ti!", #r unabl! t# "# 4'at t'!% n!!" t#

"#.

E6a3l!& #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& ar! #b&!&&i(! 2#3ul&i(! "i&#r"!r, 3#&ttrauati2 &tr!&&

"i&#r"!r, &#2ial 3'#bia, &3!2ifi2 3'#bia, an" 5!n!raliB!" an6i!t% "i&#r"!r. S%3t#& #f an%

#f t'!&! "i&#r"!r& b!5in in 2'il"'##" #r a"#l!&2!n2!.

RESEARCH QUESTION:-

T'! :u!&ti#n #f r!&!ar2' i& t# fin" #ut t'! fa2t#r& 4'i2' ar! r!&3#n&ibl! f#r in2r!a&in5 t'!

an6i!t% in %#ut'&. W'at ar! t'! !ff!2ti(! fa2t#r& 4'i2' "!(!l#3& an6i!t%

OBJECTIVE:-

/. T# fin" t'! !ff!2ti(! fa2t#r& r!&3#n&ibl! f#r in2r!a&in5 an6i!t% in %#ut'&.

9. T# &tu"% t'! "iff!r!nt t%3!& #f an6i!t% in %#ut'& an" t'!n fin" #ut fa2t#r& r!&3#n&ibl! f#r

t'!&! &3!2ifi2 t%3!& #f an6i!t%.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:



T'! "#2trinal an" &!2#n"ar% r!&!ar2' !t'#" &'all b! u&!" "urin5 t'! 2#ur&! #f 3r#1!2t.

R!(i!4 #f lit!ratur! 4ill b! "#n! at t'! ti! #f 3r#1!2t a)in5. M#&t #f t'! inf#rati#n i&

5at'!r!" fr# int!rn!t, 4!b &#ur2!&.

CHAPTER II



/. TYPES OF ANXIETIES DISORDER IN YOUTHS:

Y#un5 3!#3l! i5't b! "ia5n#&!" 4it' #r! t'an #n! t%3! #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r. An6i!t% i5't

al&# b! !63!ri!n2!" al#n5 4it' #t'!r 3'%&i2al #r !ntal '!alt' 3r#bl!& &u2' a& "!3r!&&i#n.

An6i!t% "i&#r"!r& ar! t'! #&t 2##n !ntal '!alt' i&&u!& in A!ri2a. T'! Nati#nal

In&titut! #f M!ntal H!alt' NIMH- r!3#rt& t'at 3!r2!nt #f a"#l!&2!nt& 'a(! an an6i!t%

"i&#r"!r. T'! a(!ra5! a5! f#r &%3t#& t# "!(!l#3 i& %!ar& #l".

All an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& 'a(! &#! trait& in 2##n$

Ea2' "i&#r"!r 'a& a tri55!r>a &ituati#n #r #b1!2t>4'i2' 2au&!& f!ar an" an6i!t%.

T'! a#unt #f f!ar an" an6i!t% i& !62!&&i(! an" la&t& 4!ll b!%#n" a n#ral !63!ri!n2!.

An6i!t% "i&#r"!r& #ft!n la&t at l!a&t #nt'&, but an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& in (!r% %#un5 2'il"r!n

a% n#t la&t a& l#n5.

The most common anxiety disorders affecting children and adolescents include:

SEPERATION ANXITY DISORDER:

S!3arati#n an6i!t% "i&#r"!r i& an !62!&&i(! f!ar #f b!in5 &!3arat!" fr# '#! #r a l#(!" #n!.

C'il"r!n a% b!2#! &2ar!" 4'!n t'!% 'a(! t# &!3arat! fr# a 2ar!5i(!r. It7& n#ral f#r

%#un5 2'il"r!n t# 'a(! f!ar& ab#ut b!in5 l!ft 4it' &#!#n! n!4, but t'!% ar! u&uall% abl! t#

5!t u&!" t# t'! &ituati#n. A 2'il" 4it' &!3arati#n an6i!t% 2#ntinu!& t# 'a(! a 'ar" ti! b!in5

a3art. Sometime e!e" #ei"$ i" % &i''e(e"t (oom i" t)e %me )ome i % *)%++e"$e . T'i&

f!ar 5!t& in t'! 4a% #f 2'il"r!n "#in5 t'in5& b% t'!&!l(!&.

C'il"r!n 4it' S!3arati#n An6i!t% Di&#r"!r a% r!fu&! t# 5# t# &2'##l #r t'!% a% b! unabl!

t# 5# t# &l!!3 4it'#ut a 3ar!nt b!in5 3r!&!nt. T'!% a% 'a(! ni5'tar!& ab#ut b!in5 l#&t #r

)i"na33!". T'!% a% al&# 'a(! 3'%&i2al &%3t#& li)! &t#a2'a2'!&, f!!lin5 &i2) t# t'!ir

&t#a2', #r !(!n t'r#4in5 u3 #ut #f f!ar. A "ia5n#&i& #f &!3arati#n an6i!t% i& a"! if t'!

b!'a(i#ur 'a& b!!n 3r!&!nt f#r at l!a&t f#ur 4!!)& an" t'! b!'a(i#ur r!&ult& in r!al an" #n

5#in5 &#2ial #r &2'##l 3r#bl!&.



S#!ti!& #l"!r 2'il"r!n an" t!!n& b!2#! fri5't!n!" #f l!a(in5 t'!ir 3ar!nt&-. T'!% a%

4#rr% t'at &#!t'in5 ba" i5't 'a33!n t# t'!ir 3ar!nt #r t# &#!#n! !l&! t'!% l#(!. It i& #nl%

a 3r#bl! if t'!r! i& n# r!al r!a&#n f#r t'i& 4#rr%. T'!&! %#un5 3!#3l! a% 'a(! a 2#n"iti#n

2all!" S!3arati#n An6i!t% Di&#r"!r. T'i& t%3! #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r i& (!r% 2##n an" aff!2t&

< 3!r 2!nt #f all 2'il"r!n. N#rall%, a (!r% %#un5 2'il" 4ill !63!ri!n2! a 3!ri#" #f "i&tr!&&

4'!n a 3ar!nt l!a(!& t'! r## #r a 2'il" a% 2r% 4'!n b! "r#33!" #ff at "a% 2ar!, but a 2'il"

4it' &!3arati#n an6i!t% "i&#r"!r !63!ri!n2!& !6tr!! an6i!t% an" 2ann#t b! "i&tra2t!" #r

!n5a5!" in a2ti(iti!& f#r a &i5nifi2ant 3!ri#" #f ti!. A t!!na5!r 2#ul" b!2#! "!(a&tat!"

#(!r t'! br!a)u3 #f a r!lati#n&'i3.

T'! !&tiat!" 3r!(al!n2! #f SAD i& <G, a)in5 it #n! #f t'! #&t 2##n 2'il"'##"

3&%2'iatri2 "i&#r"!r&. S!3arati#n an6i!t% i& t%3i2all% a "i&#r"!r #f i""l! 2'il"'##" a5!&

-, alt'#u5' it 'a& al&# b!!n "!&2rib!" in a"#l!&2!nt&. If t'! "i&#r"!r "!(!l#3& a2ut!l%, a

3r!2i3itatin5 &tr!&& #r 2an #ft!n b! i"!ntifi!". C##n 3r!2i3itatin5 fa2t#r& in2lu"! a #(!,

2'an5! #f &2'##l, l#&& #f a l#(!" #n!, illn!&& in t'! fail% #r 3r#l#n5!" ab&!n2! fr# &2'##l.

GENERALISED ANXIETY DISORDER:

0!n!rali&!" an6i!t% "i&#r"!r i& !62!&&i(! 4#rr% ab#ut an% !(!r%"a% &ituati#n&.

T'i& i& a 2#n"iti#n in 4'i2' t'! 2'il" #r a"#l!&2!nt 'a& an% 4#rri!& an" f!ar&. T'!% 'a(!

3'%&i2al &%3t#& li)! t!n&! u&2l!&, a r!&tl!&& f!!lin5, b!2#in5 tir!" !a&il%, 'a(in5

3r#bl!& 2#n2!ntratin5, #r tr#ubl! &l!!3in5. C)i+&(e" ,it) t)i *o"&itio" o'te" t( to &o

t)i"$ .e('e*t+/ T)e %+o 'ee+ % "ee& 'o( %..(o!%+/ A 2'il" 4it' 5!n!raliB!" an6i!t%

"i&#r"!r, #r 0AD, 4ill 4#rr% !62!&&i(!l% ab#ut a (ari!t% #f t'in5& &u2' a& 5ra"!&, fail%

i&&u!&, r!lati#n&'i3& 4it' 3!!r&, an" 3!rf#ran2! in &3#rt&.

T'! a1#rit% #f 2'il"r!n, at #n! ti! #r an#t'!r !63!ri!n2!& f!ar&, 4#rri!& an" &2ar% "r!a&.

C'il"r!n an" a"#l!&2!nt& 4'# !63!ri!n2! t'i& t%3! #f an6i!t% b!2#! J3!#3l! 3l!a&!r an"

n!!" a33r#(al an" r!a&&uran2!&. T'!% a% b! 3arti2ularl% 'ar" #n t'!&!l(!& an" b!2#!

3!rf!2ti#ni&t&. S#! 2##n &%3t#& in2lu"! 2#3lain& #f fati5u!, t!n&i#n, '!a"a2'!&

an" nau&!a.



Someo"e ,it) $e"e(%+i0e& %"1iet m% ,o(( e1*ei!e+ %#o2t *)oo+3 t)e )e%+t) o(

%'et o' '%mi+ mem#e(3 %"& t)e '2t2(e/ T)e m% %+,% t)i"4 o' t)e ,o(t t)%t *o2+&

)%..e"/

Al#n5 4it' t'! 4#rr% an" "r!a", 3!#3l! 4it' 5!n!raliB!" an6i!t% 'a(! 3'%&i2al &%3t#&,

&u2' a& 2'!&t 3ain, '!a"a2'!, tir!"n!&&, ti5't u&2l!&, &t#a2'a2'!&, #r (#itin5.

0!n!raliB!" an6i!t% 2an l!a" a 3!r&#n t# i&& &2'##l #r a(#i" &#2ial a2ti(iti!&. Wit'

5!n!raliB!" an6i!t%, 4#rri!& 2an f!!l li)! a bur"!n, a)in5 lif! f!!l #(!r4'!lin5 #r #ut #f

2#ntr#l.

SPECIFIC DISORDER:

A &3!2ifi2 3'#bia i& t'! int!n&!, irrati#nal f!ar #f a &3!2ifi2 #b1!2t, &u2' a& a "#5, #r a

&ituati#n, &u2' a& fl%in5. C##n 2'il"'##" 3'#bia& in2lu"! anial&, &t#r&, '!i5't&, 4at!r,

bl##", an" t'! "ar) an" !"i2al 3r#2!"ur!&. T'!&! ar! int!n&! f!ar #f &3!2ifi2 &ituati#n& #r

t'in5& t'at ar! n#t a2tuall% "an5!r#u&, &u2' a& '!i5't&, "#5&, #r fl%in5 in an air 3lan!.

P)o#i% 22%++ *%2e .eo.+e to %!oi& t)e t)i"$ t)e %(e %'(%i& o'/ C'il"r!n 4ill a(#i"

&ituati#n& #r t'in5& t'at t'!% f!ar, #r !n"ur! t'! 4it' an6i#u& f!!lin5&, 4'i2' 2an anif!&t

a& 2r%in5, tantru&, 2lin5in5, a(#i"an2!, '!a"a2'!&, an" &t#a2'a2'!&. Unli)! a"ult&, t'!%

"# n#t u&uall% r!2#5niB! t'at t'!ir f!ar i& irrati#nal.

F!ar& ar! 2##n in 2'il"'##" an" #ft!n 5# a4a%. A 3'#bia i& "ia5n#&!" if t'! f!ar 3!r&i&t&

f#r at l!a&t &i6 #nt'& an" int!rf!r!& 4it' a 2'il"7& "ail% r#utin!, &u2' a& r!fu&in5 t# 3la%

#ut"##r& f#r f!ar #f !n2#unt!rin5 a "#5.

S3!2ifi2 3'#bia i& a r!lati(!l% 2##n an6i!t% "i&#r"!r f#r 2'il"r!n. *r!(al!n2! i& !&tiat!"

t# b! at ;<G an" i& &#!4'at 'i5'!r f#r 5irl& t'an f#r b#%&. It 3!a)& in 3r!(al!n2! b!t4!!n

/ an" /; %!ar& #f a5!. N#rall%, t'!&! f!ar& "!2r!a&! 4it' a5!. N#ral f!ar& ar!

"i&tin5ui&'!" fr# tru! 3'#bia& b% t'!ir int!n&it% an" "!5r!! #f i3air!nt.

C'il"r!n #r %#ut' 4it' &3!2ifi2 3'#bia& ar! &2ar!" #f 2!rtain &ituati#n& #r #b1!2t&. T'!ir f!ar

i& &tr#n5!r t'an t'! a2tual "an5!r 3#&!" b% t'!&! &ituati#n& #r #b1!2t&. T'!% tr% 'ar" t# a(#i"

2#nta2t 4it' 4'at t'!% f!ar, f#r !6a3l!$



S3!2ifi2 &ituati#n&$ bri"5!&, tran&3#rtati#n ri"in5 in 2ar&, fl%in5 in air3lan!&-, !n2l#&!"

&3a2!& !l!(at#r&, tunn!l&-, !n(ir#n!nt$ "ar), &t#r&, '!i5't&, 4at!r, in&!2t& #r anial&$ "#5&,

&3i"!r&, &na)!&, in&!2t& b!!tl!&, b!!&- !"i2al #r 3'%&i2al$ in1!2ti#n&, n!!"l!&, 5#in5 t# t'! "!nti&t,

'#&3ital&, (#itin5, 2'#)in5.

SELECTIVE MUTISM:

C)i+&(e" ,)o (e'2e to .e%4 i" it2%tio" ,)e(e t%+4i"$ i e1.e*te& o( "e*e%(3 to t)e

e1te"t t)%t t)ei( (e'2%+ i"te('e(e ,it) *)oo+ %"& m%4i"$ '(ie"&3 m% 2''e( '(om

e+e*ti!e m2tim/ T)i 22%++ %''e*t o2"$ *)i+&(e"3 (%t)e( t)%" tee"%$e(/

C)i+&(e" 2''e(i"$ '(om e+e*ti!e m2tim m% t%"& motio"+e %"& e1.(eio"+e3 t2("

t)ei( )e%&3 *)e, o( t,i(+ )%i(3 %!oi& ee *o"t%*t3 o( ,it)&(%, i"to % *o("e( to %!oi&

t%+4i"$/ T'!&! 2'il"r!n 2an b! (!r% tal)ati(! an" "i&3la% n#ral b!'a(i#ur& at '#! #r in

an#t'!r 3la2! 4'!r! t'!% f!!l 2#f#rtabl!. *ar!nt& ar! &#!ti!& &ur3ri&!" t# l!arn fr# a

t!a2'!r t'at t'!ir 2'il" r!fu&!& t# &3!a) at &2'##l.

T'i& i& a t!r u&!" t# "!&2rib! t'! b!'a(i#ur #f &#! 2'il"r!n 4'# "# n#t &3!a) in 2!rtain

&ituati#n& 4'il! &3!a)in5 in #t'!r&. C'il"r!n 4it' &!l!2ti(! uti& 'a(! a &3!2ifi2 4#rr%

ab#ut &3!a)in5, but #nl% in t'! &ituati#n& t'at a)! t'! f!!l an6i#u&. S#! 2'il"r!n a%

&3!a) #nl% t# t'!ir 3ar!nt& but n#t t# #t'!r a"ult&. W'!n t'!% )n#4 t'!% ar! 5#in5 t# 'a(! t#

&3!a), t'!&! 2'il"r!n a% blu&', l##) "#4n, #r 4it'"ra4. W'!n t'!% "# 2#uni2at! in

&u2' &ituati#n&, t'!% a% 3#int #r u&! #t'!r 5!&tur!&, #r 4'i&3!r rat'!r t'an tal).

S!l!2ti(! uti& i& 2'ara2t!riB!" b% t'! 2#n&i&t!nt failur! t# &3!a) in &3!2ifi2 &#2ial

&ituati#n& in 4'i2' t'!r! i& t'! !63!2tan2% f#r &3!!2', "!&3it! &3!a)in5 in #t'!r &ituati#n&,

&u2' a& t'! '#!. T)e '%i+2(e to .e%4 i "ot &2e to % +%*4 o' 4"o,+e&$e o( *om'o(t ,it)

o*i%+ *omm2"i*%tio" o( % .e*i'i* +%"$2%$e 52*) % mi$)t o**2( 'o( immi$(%"t63 %"&

i &e#i+it%ti"$ to t)e i"&i!i&2%+/ It i& n#t "ia5n#&!" 4'!n b!tt!r a22#unt!" f#r b%

!barra&&!nt r!lat!" t# &3!!2' #r lan5ua5! abiliti!&, #r b% an#t'!r 3&%2'iatri2 "i&#r"!r.

*r!(al!n2! !&tiat!& #f &!l!2ti(! uti& ran5! fr# .;G t# 9G. T'! a5! #f #n&!t i&

u&uall% b!t4!!n ; an" %!ar&. T'! "i&#r"!r i& #r! 2##n in 5irl& t'an b#%&, 4it' a rati#

#f ab#ut ;$/. S%3t#& a% b! 3r!&!nt &!(!ral %!ar& b!f#r! a r!f!rral i& a"!, 4'i2'



t%3i2all% #22ur& t'r#u5' t'! &2'##l in t'! !arl% &2'##l a5! %!ar&. T'! a(!ra5! a5! #f

"ia5n#&i& i& b!t4!!n < an" %!ar& #l", #r ar#un" t'! ti! a 2'il" !nt!r& &2'##l.

PANIC DISORDER:

*ani2 "i&#r"!r i& r!3!at!", un!63!2t!" 3ani2 atta2)&. A .%"i* %tt%*4 i %" o!e(,)e+mi"$

e"%tio" o' 'e%( o( .%"i* i" % it2%tio" ,)e(e mot .eo.+e ,o2+&"7t #e %'(%i&/

*ani2 "i&#r"!r #ft!n b!5in& "urin5 a"#l!&2!n2!, t'#u5' it a% &tart "urin5 2'il"'##". Y#un5

3!#3l! 4ill tr% t# a(#i" &ituati#n& if t'!% f!ar a 3ani2 atta2) 4ill 'a33!n, an" t'i& a(#i"in5

b!'a(i#ur a% int!rf!r! 4it' &2'##l, '#! an" &#2ial r!lati#n&'i3&.

T'i& i& a &!(!r! t%3! #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r. T!!na5!r&, an" &#!ti!& 2'il"r!n, ar! li)!l%

'a(in5 a 3ani2 atta2) 4'!n t'!% f!!l (!r% &2ar!" #r 'a(! 'ar" ti! br!at'in5 an" t'!ir '!art

i& 3#un"in5. T'!% a% al&# f!!l &'a)%, "iBB% an" t'in) t'!% ar! 5#in5 t# l#&! t'!ir in" #r

!(!n "i!. T'! t!!n #r 2'il" a% n#t 4ant t# 5# t# &2'##l #r l!a(! t'! '#u&! at all b!2au&! t'!%

ar! afrai" &#!t'in5 a4ful 4ill 'a33!n t# t'!. Fr!:u!nt 3ani2 atta2)& a% !an t'at t'!%

'a(! a 3ani2 "i&#r"!r.

T'!&! !3i&#"!& #f an6i!t% 2an #22ur f#r n# a33ar!nt r!a&#n. Wit' a 3ani2 atta2), a 3!r&#n 'a&

&u""!n an" int!n&! 3'%&i2al &%3t#& t'at 2an in2lu"! a 3#un"in5 '!art, &'#rtn!&& #f br!at',

2'!&t 3ain "iBBin!&&, &t#a2' "i&tr!&& nubn!&&, #r tin5lin5 f!!lin5& 2au&!& b% #(!ra2ti(it%

#f t'! b#"%?& n#ral f!ar r!&3#n&!. A5#ra3'#bia i& an int!n&! f!ar #f 3ani2 atta2)& t'at 2au&!&

a 3!r&#n t# a(#i" 5#in5 an%4'!r! a 3ani2 atta2) 2#ul" 3#&&ibl% #22ur. A5#ra3'#bia 2an

"!(!l#3 4'!n 2'il"r!n b!5in t# a(#i" &ituati#n& an" 3la2!& in 4'i2' t'!% 'a" a 3r!(i#u&

3ani2 atta2) #r f!ar t'!% 4#ul" b! unabl! t# !&2a3! if !63!ri!n2in5 an atta2). R!fu&in5 t# 5#

t# &2'##l i& t'! #&t 2##n anif!&tati#n #f a5#ra3'#bia in )i"&.

T'!% a% b! &2ar!" t'at &#!t'in5 ba" 4ill 'a33!n b!2au&! #f t'! 3ani2 atta2). F#r

!6a3l!, t'!% f!ar t'!% 2#ul" "i!, 3a&& #ut, #r 5# 2raB%. A )!% 3art #f 3ani2 "i&#r"!r i& a f!ar

#f futur! un!63!2t!" 3ani2 atta2)&. C'il"r!n an" %#ut' 4it' 3ani2 "i&#r"!r a% f!!l !6tr!!

f!ar in 2!rtain 3la2!& #r &ituati#n& t'at t'!% a&&#2iat! 4it' 'a(in5 3ani2 atta2)&, li)! 2r#4"!"

3la2!& #r !n2l#&!" &3a2!& &u2' a& !l!(at#r&. T'i& f!ar a% l!a" t'! t# a(#i" t'#&! 3la2!& #r

&ituati#n& an" i& 2all!" Ja5#ra3'#bia.



*ani2 "i&#r"!r i& "ia5n#&!" if %#ur 2'il" &uff!r& at l!a&t t4# un!63!2t!" 3ani2 #r an6i!t%

atta2)&>4'i2' !an t'!% 2#! #n &u""!nl% an" f#r n# r!a&#n>f#ll#4!" b% at l!a&t #n!

#nt' #f 2#n2!rn #(!r 'a(in5 an#t'!r atta2), l#&in5 2#ntr#l, #r 5#in5 2raB%.

SOCIAL PHOBIA:

S#2ial 3'#bia #r &#2ial an6i!t% "i&#r"!r i& an int!n&! f!ar #f &#2ial &ituati#n& #r #f b!in5

1u"5!" #r !barra&&!" in 3ubli2. S#2ial an6i!t% "i&#r"!r, #r &#2ial 3'#bia, 3r#"u2!& an

!6tr!! f!ar #f b!in5 'uiliat!" #r !barra&&!" in fr#nt #f #t'!r 3!#3l!. S#!ti!& t'i&

3r#bl! i& al&# r!lat!" t# f!!lin5& #f inf!ri#rit% #r l#4 &!lf!&t!!.

S#2ial an6i!t% "i&#r"!r, #r &#2ial 3'#bia, i& 2'ara2t!riB!" b% an int!n&! f!ar #f &#2ial an"

3!rf#ran2! &ituati#n& an" a2ti(iti!& &u2' a& b!in5 2all!" #n in 2la&& #r &tartin5 a

2#n(!r&ati#n 4it' a 3!!r.

S#2ial an6i!t% "i&#r"!r i& u2' #r! t'an &'%n!&& an" #&t #ft!n aff!2t& #l"!r 2'il"r!n an"

t!!na5!r&. It 2an 3r#"u2! un2#ntr#llabl!, !6tr!! an" n!5ati(! r!a2ti#n& t# &#2ial &ituati#n&

an" 2an r!&ult in i&#lati#n, "!3r!&&i#n #r &ub&tan2! abu&!. A %#un5 3!r&#n 4it' t'i& "i&#r"!r

a% !63!ri!n2! !6tr!! f!ar at t'! t'#u5't #f u&in5 a 3ubli2 r!&t r##, &3!a)in5 in 3ubli2,

!atin5 in a r!&taurant #r "atin5. T'!% #ft!n f!!lin5 a& if !(!r%#n! ar! 4at2'in5 t'! an" f!ar

J"#in5 #r &a%in5 &#!t'in5 &tu3i" 4'i2' 4ill b! 'uiliatin5. T)e m% %+o ee e!e(

m%++ mit%4e % % m%8o( i2e/

So*i%+ .)o#i% i mo(e +i4e+ to o**2( i" tee"%$e( t)%" o2"$ *)i+&(e"/ It i"!o+!e

,o((i"$ %#o2t o*i%+ it2%tio"3 +i4e )%!i"$ to $o to *)oo+ o( )%!i"$ to .e%4 i" *+%/

Sm.tom m% i"*+2&e ,e%ti"$3 #+2)i"$3 o( m2*+e te"io"/

R!a&#n& f#r t'i& in2lu"! 4i"!&3r!a" failur! #f b#t' 3ar!nt& an" &2'##l 3!r&#nn!l t# i"!ntif%

t'! "i&#r"!r, 3artiall% b!2au&! t'!% a% n#t un"!r&tan" it i& an%t'in5 #t'!r t'an J&'%n!&&.



CHAPTER III

RIS9 FACTORS FOR ANXIETY DISORDER:

Ri&) fa2t#r& t'in5& t'at i5't a)! a %#un5 3!r&#n #r! (uln!rabl! #r &!n&iti(! t#

!63!ri!n2in5 an6i!t% i5't in2lu"!$

0!n!ti2 fa2t#r& t'at i&, a fail% 'i&t#r% #f !ntal '!alt' 3r#bl!&

*!r&#nalit% fa2t#r&, &u2' a& b!in5 (!r% &!n&iti(!

En(ir#n!ntal fa2t#r&, &u2' a& &tr!&& #r a (!r% &tr!&&ful !(!nt in lif!

Ot'!r fa2t#r&, &u2' a& #n5#in5 3'%&i2al illn!&&.

Stu"i!& 'a(! al&# f#un" t'at 'a(in5 an an6i!t% "i&#r"!r in !arl% #r i""l! 2'il"'##" 2an

in2r!a&! %#ur 2'il"7& ri&) #f "!(!l#3in5 a "!3r!&&i(! "i&#r"!r in lat!r a"#l!&2!n2! / Not e!e(

*)i+& ,it) t)ee (i4 '%*to( ,i++ $o o" to &e!e+o. %" %"1iet &io(&e(/ T)e(e i % t(o"$

+i"4 #et,ee" t)e 2%+it o' .%(e"t-tee"%$e( (e+%tio")i. %"& o2"$ .eo.+e; me"t%+

)e%+t)/ Str#n5 fail% &u33#rt an" r!lati#n&'i3& i5't '!l3 t# 3r#t!2t t!!na5!r& fr# !ntal'!alt' 3r#bl!&.

Ri&) fa2t#r& f#r t'! "!(!l#3!nt #f !ntal "i&#r"!r& in 2'il"r!n 'a(! b!!n "i(i"!" int# 2'il"

2'ara2t!ri&ti2& an" t'#&! #f 'i&@'!r 3ar!nt&@fail%.

C'il" 2'ara2t!ri&ti2&$ In2lu"! 5!n"!r, a5!, !t'ni2it%, 3'%&i2al '!alt', 2#5niti(! an"

3&%2'#l#5i2al fun2ti#n, 3r! an" 3!rinatal !63#&ur!& t# illn!&&, 3'%&i2al &tr!&&, al2#'#l, "ru5&,

nutriti#n, inf!2ti#n& an" #t'!r !n(ir#n!ntal a5!nt&, an" lif!ti! 'i&t#r% #f !n(ir#n!ntal

!63#&ur!& t# t#6in&, &tr!&&, inf!2ti#n&, &#2ial !n(ir#n!nt an" &tr!&&ful lif! !(!nt&.

Fail% an" 3ar!nt 2'ara2t!ri&ti2&$ In2lu"in5 3ar!ntal !"u2ati#n, a5!, &#2ial 2la&&,

!3l#%!nt, 3&%2'iatri2 an" !"i2al 'i&t#r%, an" fail% fun2ti#n, &tru2tur!.

N!i5'b#ur'##" an" br#a"!r 2#nt!6tual influ!n2!&$ On t'! '!alt' #f 2'il"r!n an" t'!ir

faili!&. On! #f t'! #&t, 2#n&i&t!nt an" 3#t!nt ri&) fa2t#r& f#r t'! "!(!l#3!nt #f !ntal

"i&#r"!r& in 2'il"r!n i& a 3ar!ntal 'i&t#r% #f !ntal "i&#r"!r&.



Man% (ariabl!& ar! 2#n&i"!r!" t# b! ri&) fa2t#r& f#r an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&. T'u&, 2r#&&&!2ti#nal

&tu"i!& !r!l% all#4 5!n!rati#n #f initial '%3#t'!&!& ab#ut 3#t!ntial ri&) fa2t#r&, ba&!" #n

"!#n&trati#n& #f a&&#2iati#n& b!t4!!n an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& an" a ran5! #f 3#t!ntial (ariabl!&,

&u2' a& "!#5ra3'i2, n!ur#bi#l#5%, fail%5!n!ti2, 3!r&#nalit%, #r !n(ir#n!ntal fa2t#r&

3r#&3!2ti(!l#n5itu"inal &tu"i!& ar! n!2!&&ar% t# &'#4 t'at a fa2t#r in2r!a&!& t'! ri&) f#r t'!

#n&!t #f an an6i!t% "i&#r"!r.

Demo$(%.)i* V%(i%#+e

Se1: F!al! &!6 2#n&i&t!ntl% !!r5!& a& a ri&) fa2t#r f#r t'! "!(!l#3!nt #f an6i!t%

"i&#r"!r&. F!al!& ar! ab#ut t4i2! a& li)!l% a& al!& t# "!(!l#3 !a2' #f t'! an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&.

S!6 "iff!r!n2!& in 3r!(al!n2!, if an%, ar! &all in 2'il"'##" but t'!% in2r!a&! 4it' a5!.

E&2*%tio": M#&t !3i"!i#l#5i2al &tu"i!& fin" 'i5'!r rat!& #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& a#n5

&ub1!2t& 4it' l#4!r !"u2ati#n in 2#3ari&#n 4it' &ub1!2t& 4it' a 'i5'!r !"u2ati#n. It r!ain&

un2l!ar t# 4'i2' "!5r!! t'! l#4!r !"u2ati#nal 3!rf#ran2! i& a 3r!"i2t#r, 2#rr!lat!, #r

2#n&!:u!n2! #f an6i!t%.

Fi"%"*i%+ it2%tio": Wit' f!4 !62!3ti#n&, &tu"i!& 2#n&i&t!ntl% fin" a&&#2iati#n& b!t4!!n l#4

'#u&!'#l" in2#! #r un&ati&fa2t#r% finan2ial &ituati#n& an" an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&. H#4!(!r,

r!&ult& fr# a :ua&i!63!ri!ntal &tu"% &u55!&t t'at t'!&! a&&#2iati#n& a% n#t !!r5!

t'r#u5' a ri&) fa2t#r"i&#r"!r a&&#2iati#n #t'!r #r! 2#3l!6 r!lati#n&'i3& a% !63lain t'!

a&&#2iati#n& &!!n in 2r#&&&!2ti#nal r!&!ar2'.

P%t)o.*)o+o$:

F%mi+ $e"eti*: T4# ain a33r#a2'!& 'a(! b!!n u&!" t# &tu"% t'! failial tran&i&&i#n #f

an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&$ fail% &tu"i!& an" t4in &tu"i!&. In fail% &tu"i!&, t'! failial a55r!5ati#n

#f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& 'a& b!!n &'#4n t# b! &ub&tantial. O(!rall, 2'il"r!n #f 3ar!nt& 4it' at

l!a&t #n! an6i!t% "i&#r"!r 'a(! a &ub&tantiall% in2r!a&!" ri&) #f al&# 'a(in5 an an6i!t%

"i&#r"!r. A 3arti2ular ri&) !!r5!& f#r #ff&3rin5 4'!n b#t' 3ar!nt& ar! aff!2t!" #r 4'!n t'!

3ar!nt& &uff!r fr# &!(!r!l% i3airin5, ulti3l!, #r !arl%#n&!t an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&. +!2au&! iti& )n#4n t'at an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& ar! a&&#2iat!" 4it' an in2r!a&!" ri&) #f "!3r!&&i#n an" t'#&!



'i5'!r rat!& #f "!3r!&&i#n ar! al&# f#un" a#n5 #ff&3rin5 #f 3ar!nt& 4it' an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&.

Su2' 2r#&&"i&#r"!r a&&#2iati#n& 'a(! 3r#3t!" in(!&ti5ati#n& int# t'! &3!2ifi2it% #f t'!

failial tran&i&&i#n #f an6i!t% an" #t'!r !ntal "i&#r"!r&. R!lati(!& #f a"#l!&2!nt& 4it'

2##rbi" an6i!t%@"!3r!&&i#n 4!r! #r! li)!l% t# &'#4 3ur! an6i!t%, 3ur! "!3r!&&i#n, #r

2##rbi" an6i!t%@"!3r!&&i#n. M#ffitt an" 2#ll!a5u!& &'#4!" in t'! Dun!"in birt' 2#'#rt t'at

failial "!3r!&&i#n liabilit% 4a& a&&#2iat!" 4it' 3ur! "!3r!&&i#n but n#t 3ur! 0AD a#n5

#ff&3rin5. T'u&, a failial tran&i&&i#n #f an6i!t% at l!a&t 3artl% in"!3!n"!nt fr# "!3r!&&i#n

i& &u55!&t!" b% t'!&! fin"in5&.

A !taanal%&!& #f "ata b% H!tt!a an" 2#ll!a5u!& fr# fail% an" t4in &tu"i!& #f 3ani2

"i&#r"!r, 0AD, an" 3'#bia& in a"ult& &'#4!" t'at all an6i!t% "i&#r"!r& 'a(! a &i5nifi2ant

failial a55r!5ati#n. T4in &tu"i!& 2an "i&!ntan5l! t'! 5!n!ti2 fr# t'! &'ar!" an" n#n &'ar!"

!n(ir#n!ntal 2#ntributi#n& in t'! failial tran&i&&i#n #f an6i!t% "i&#r"!r&. Fin"in5&

in"i2at! t'at t'! !&tiat!" 5!n!ti2 '!ritabiliti!& a2r#&& t'! "i&#r"!r& ar! 5!n!rall% n# #r!

t'an #"!&t, fallin5 in t'! ran5! #f ;G t# <G. T'! 2#n&i"!rabl! r!ainin5 (arian2! in

liabilit% 2an b! attribut!" 3riaril% t# in"i(i"ual n#n &'ar!"- !n(ir#n!ntal fa2t#r&.

R!5ar"in5 &3!2ifi2it%, t4in &tu"i!& in"i2at! t'at t'! 5!n!ti2 liabilit% f#r &3!2ifi2 an6i!t%

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"!3r!&&i#n.

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an6i!t% #r "!3r!&&i#n in %#ut'&.

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"an5!r#u& f#r an6i!t% #n! 2an &uff!r. Ra55in5 l!a(! a "!!3 i3a2t #n &uff!r& in".

BIBLIOGRAPHY



/. 'tt3$@@444.a"aa.#r5@&it!&@"!fault@fil!&@An6i!t%G9Di&#r"!r&G9inG9C'il"r!n.3"f

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;. 'tt3$@@444.n2bi.nl.ni'.5#(@32@arti2l!&@*MC9<9@

<. 444.n2bi.nl.ni'.5#(@32@arti2l!&@*MC;/;@

.

'tt3$@@4449.nai.#r5@C#nt!nt@C#nt!nt0r#u3&@H!l3lin!/@An6i!t%PDi&#r"!r&PinPC'il"r!nPan"PA"#l!

&2!nt&.'t

. 'tt3$@@444.)i"&!ntal'!alt'.2a@3ar!nt&@an6i!t%.3'3

. 'tt3$@@)!lt%!ntal'!alt'.2a@!ntal'!alt'@"i&#r"!r&@an6i!t%2'il"r!nan"%#ut'Q(i!4tab&/

. 'tt3$@@rai&in52'il"r!n.n!t.au@arti2l!&@an6i!t%P"i&#r"!r&Pt!!na5!r&.'tl

http://www.adaa.org/sites/default/files/Anxiety%20Disorders%20in%20Children.pdf

http://ppn.mh.ohio.gov/Portals/0/pdf/Anxiety%20Protocol.pdf


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2807642/



http://www2.nami.org/Content/ContentGroups/Helpline1/Anxiety_Disorders_in_Children_and_Adolescents.htm


http://www.kidsmentalhealth.ca/parents/anxiety.php

http://keltymentalhealth.ca/mental-health/disorders/anxiety-children-and-youth#view-tabs-1


http://raisingchildren.net.au/articles/anxiety_disorders_teenagers.html






http://www.kidsmentalhealth.ca/parents/anxiety.php


http://raisingchildren.net.au/articles/anxiety_disorders_teenagers.html

http://www.adaa.org/sites/default/files/Anxiety%20Disorders%20in%20Children.pdf

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