pulse jet manual

7/30/2019 Pulse Jet Manual

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INDEX

INTRODUCTION....................................... ........................................................ ........................ 3

RECEIVING YOUR EQUIPMENT.................................................... ........................................... 3

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.......................... ........................................................ ........................ 4

DEFINITIONS.................................................... ........................................................ ............... 5

THE FILTRATION PROCESS ................................................ .................................................... 6

Pulse jet Theory............................................................................................................................................................. 8

E-86 Theory ...................................................................................................................................................................9

FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES........................................................................... .......................10

Surface Treatment of Filtration Media......................................................................................................................12

Pre-coating Filter Media .............................................................................................................................................12

INSTALLATION ................................................. ........................................................ ..............13

Bags and Cages - bottom access...........................................................................................................................13

Bags and Cages - top access ..................................................................................................................................14

E86 cartridge installation...........................................................................................................................................15

Explosion vents (optional) .........................................................................................................................................16

MAINTENANCE ................................................ ........................................................ ..............17

TROUBLESHOOTING FILTERS................................................................................................19

CONNECTIONS AND WIRING.................................................................. ................................21

Magnehelic Gauge ......................................................................................................................................................21

Timer Circuit Schematic.............................................................................................................................................22

Timer Board..................................................................................................................................................................23

Bag Dump Station with Limit Switch........................................................................................................................24

Bag Dump Station with Door Limit Switch & Bypass ...........................................................................................25


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INTRODUCTION

Airlanco along with all of our employees thank you for selecting us to fulfill your needs for

environmental control equipment.

Pulse jet filters provide a mechanically simple, efficient and economical means to separate particulate

from a gas stream. The absolute minimum of moving parts enhances the efficiency and durability of

the system. This manual will provide the information needed for an operator or maintenance

technician to understand the process of fabric filtration and the mechanical operation of your Airlanco

pulse jet filter. Understanding these basic principles will assure that this filter will provide years of

dependable service with minimum maintenance.

Thank You.

RECEIVING YOUR EQUIPMENT

A visual inspection of your equipment should be performed before it is removed from the truck. Dents,scratches and other damage should be noted and photographed. The structural integrity of the filter

housing will be adversely affected by dents. Airlanco should be notified of any structural damage to

your equipment immediately. Packing lists should be checked thoroughly and shortages should also

be reported to Airlanco. It is the purchasers responsibility to file shortage reports and damage

claims with the carrier and the supplier. The carrier is responsible for any damage to the equipment

while it is in transit.


4/25

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Warnings

Do not operate this equipment without guards, access doors and covers secured.

Lock out power before servicing this equipment.

This equipment is automatically controlled and will start at any time without warning.

Do not enter access plenum while system fan is operating: airflow can pull service door closed

causing severe injury or entrapment.

OSHA considers some filter housings a confined space. Follow procedures set forth by your

safety administrator.

FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR

PROPERTY DAMAGE!

!READ AND UNDERSTAND SAFETY DECALS!

Decals


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DEFINITIONS

ACR Air to Cloth Ratio. The velocity that a gas moves through filter media. Divide

the gas volumetric flow rate (cfm) by the total area of filtration media in (sq. ft.)

Agglomeration To gather into a mass.

Bag Filter element, sock. Usually supported by a wire cage.

Cake Agglomeration of dust particles on the surface of a filter element.

Can Velocity Upward speed of air moving through a filter housing (fpm). Divide the gas

volumetric flow (cfm) by the cross sectional area of the baghouse (sq. ft.)

Cartridge Filter Fi lter element consisting of a pleated filter media supported on a steel or plastic skeletal frame.

CFM Cubic Feet per Minute gas flow rate.

Clean Air Plenum Section of a baghouse direct ly above the tubesheet and fi lter bags or

cartridges.

Dew Point The temperature at which water vapor in a gas will condense into a liquid

state.

Filter Cake The accumulation of dust on a filter element before cleaning. This cake

assists in the filtration of dust.

Filter Element Refers to a filter bag or cartridge.

Header The pressurized pipe that contains the compressed air supply for pulsing.

Inch of water A unit of pressure equal to the pressure exerted by a column of water one-

inch in height at a standard temperature. 27.7 in. wg. = 1psi.

Interstit ial Velocity The apparent velocity of a gas as it passes through the filter element matrix. It

is found by dividing the gas flow rate (cfm) by the cross sectional area of the

filter housing less the area occupied by the filter elements.

Pressure drop The resistance of flow of a fluid between two points.

Pulse duration The length of time a cleaning pulse lasts.

Pulse frequency The time between pulses in a baghouse cleaning system.

Pulse Jet Generic name given to all pulsing dust collectors.

Purgepipe Pipe with holes in it that extends into a filter clean air plenum and delivers

cleaning air from the header to the filter elements.


6/25

THE FILTRATION PROCESS

Filtration is a dry method of particulate collection in which an array of many individual targets is

assembled into a porous structure through which the aerosol-laden gas is passed. In a pulse jet filter

the collection target is the filter media. Inertial, diffusional, electrostatic, and direct interception are

the primary forces that influence the collection of dry particulate on the filter media. As collection

proceeds, particles impinge upon previously collected particles and a deposit is built up which in turn

becomes a principal collection medium. This agglomeration of particles is referred to as a filter

cake. Filtration efficiency is not maximized until this filter cake has formed. It is normal for a new

filter element, which has not been broken in, to allow some fine dust to pass through it. This slightly

visible emission should subside after 72 hrs of operation or sooner.

As the dust cake builds on the filter element surface it becomes increasingly difficult for the gas to

pass through the element. A differential pressure gauge mounted on the filter measures the force

required to pass the gas through the filter media. Normal pressure drop for a pulse jet filter will fall in

the range of 3 to 5 inches of water after the elements are broken in. As the elements get dirty the

differential pressure reading will increase. Eventually the dust cake must be removed from the filter

element surface or airflow will fall to unacceptable levels.

Pulse jet filters are continuous self-cleaning units. A high-pressure blast of clean dry compressed air

is injected into each filter element at periodic intervals. This air is stored in a reservoir called a

header. Several purgepipes are attached to the header and extend into the clean air plenum aboverows of filter elements or cartridges. Holes are drilled in the purgepipes directly above each of the

filter elements. Several elements are cleaned by one purge pipe. A solid state timer controls a

solenoid that opens a diaphragm valve allowing air to flow from the reservoir into the purge pipe and

filter element. The element experiences a shock wave while air is forced through it in a direction

opposite to the dirty air flow. A percentage of the dust cake will fall away from the bag into the filters

hopper. It is normal for some of the dust to re-entrain itself onto the filter element.

High Temperature Precautions

Moisture is one of the most predominate causes for fabric filter failures. Care must be taken inapplications involving high humidity gas streams. Dryers and other combustion processes pose the

greatest danger for condensation in the filter. The filters and gas stream temperatures must be

maintained at 50oF above the dewpoint of the gas stream. Excursions near or below the dewpoint of

the gas stream will result in condensation of the gas on the baghouse and filter media. This moisture

will change the desired dust cake into an undesirable mud cake, which is difficult to remove, and may

permanently damage the filter media. Corrosion is also intensified under these conditions. Filters

operating under high humidity conditions at any temperature should be protected from gas

condensation. This will require heating the filter to 50oF above the gas stream temperature and

insulation of the filter and ducting. Failure to take these precautions will result in unsatisfactoryperformance of the equipment and possible catastrophic failure of the filter media.

Mechanical Operation

Airlanco Pulse jet filters are available with continuous or "on demand" cleaning control. Cleaning

duration and frequency are adjustable on the timer board. Photohelic pressure switches can be used

to control the cleaning cycle, which will conserve energy, element wear, and emissions by


7/25

THE FILTRATION PROCESS - Continued

Filter elements are suspended in the filter from the tubesheet. Wire cages slip into bags and providesupport. Cartridges are self-supporting. On bottom removal filters the filter element attaches to the

factory installed venturi collar with a clamp band. For bag and cage assemblies, the cage is inserted

into the bag and this assembly is slipped over the venturi collar. Cartridges install directly onto the

venturi collar. On top removal filters the bag or cartridge snaps into the tubesheet hole. Bags require

a cage to be slipped into the bag and its top collar rests on top of the tubesheet.

Dust is collected on the surface of the filter media and eventually forms a thick cake. When a pulse

of compressed air is injected into the filter element a shock wave is induced that causes the dust

cake to break away. Some of this air will pass through the filter media in a reverse direction andfurther separate the dust cake from it. The name "Reverse Pulse Jet" is derived from this cleaning

method. Separated dust falls into the hopper where it is removed through an airlock or other airtight

device. The airlock has a very important function of preventing air from entering the hopper through its

discharge. Leakage at the hopper's discharge will cause re-entrainment of dust onto the filter

elements, which could contribute to high differential pressures.

The solid state programmable timer is available with 3 to 32 output connections. A potentiometer is

provided for the adjustment of the pulse duration and frequency. Duration of the pulse is factory set at

50 milliseconds. Frequency of the pulse is factory set at 10 to 15 seconds.

Solenoid & Diaphragm Valve

Cleaning air passes from the header through a large diaphragm valve into the purge pipe and into the

filter element. This diaphragm valve is controlled by the timer board with a normally closed solenoid

valve (Figure 1).

COMPRESSED

DIAPHRAGM(CLOSED)

1/4"TUBING

SOLENOIDVALVE

DIAPHRAGMVALVE

SOLENOIDVALVE

BLEEDPOINT

DIAPHRAGMVALVE

DIAPHRAGM(OPEN)

VENT TOAT MOS HE RE

SOLENOIDENCLOSURE

SOLENOID & DIAPHRAGMVALVE OPERATION

AIR TOBLOWPIPE


8/25

Pulse jet Theory

MATERIALINLET

NO-TOOLAC CESS

DOOR

BAGCLAMP

COMPRESSEDAI R HE AD ER

DIAPHRAGMVALVE

TIMER &SOLENOID

ENCLOSURESPURGE AIR

PIPE

TUBESHEET

CLEAN AIRPLENUM

CLEAN AIREXHAUST

FILTER BAG

& CAGEAS SE MB LY

DIRTY AIRHOUSING

MAGNEHELICGAUGE

HOPPER

SECONDARYAIR

PRIMARYPULSE

BA GCUP

TUBESHEET

THEORY OF OPERATION(BAG & CAGE PULSE JET FILTER)

# DUST LADEN AIR OR GAS ENTERSTHE DUST COLLECTOR THROUGHTHE MATERIAL INLET

# AIR PASSES THROUGH THE FILTERMEDIA WHILE SOLIDS ARE RETAINEDON THE FILTER SURFACE.

# A SIGNAL FROM THE TIMER ACTUATESTHE OPENING OF THE NORMALLY CLOSEDSOLENOID VALVE.

# OPENING OF THE SOLENOID VALVEDECREASES THE AIR PRESSURE IN THETUBE CONNECTING THE SOLENOID TO

THE DIAPHRAGM VALVE CAUSING THETHE VALVE TO OPEN.

# THIS PERMITS A MOMENTARY PULSE OFCOMPRESSED AIR TO FLOW FROM THEAIR HEADER DOWN THE BLOWPIPE ANDOUT INTO EACH FILTER BAG.

# THIS MOMENTARY PULSE TAKES ALL BAGS INONE ROW OFF LINE THROUGH PRESSUREREVERSAL.

# SOLIDS ARE RELEASED TO FALL INTOFILTER HOPPER OR EXISTING BIN.

# FILTERED AIR EXITS THROUGH THE CLEANAIR PLENUM EXHAUST.

MODEL NUMBER DEFINITION(EXAMPLE)

64 AVS 8 STYLE III

NUMBER OF STYLE OF NOMINAL LENGTH OFBAGS FILTER BAGS IN FEET


9/25

E-86 Theory

THEORY OF OPERATIONE - 86

(CARTRIDGE PULSE JET FILTER)

# DUST LADEN AIR OR GAS ENTERSTHE DUST COLLECTOR THROUGH

THE MATERIAL INLET

# AIR PASSES THROUGH THE FILTERMEDIA WHILE SOLIDS ARE RETAINEDON THE FILTER SURFACE.

# A SIGNAL FROM THE TIMER ACTUATESTHE OPENING OF THE NORMALLY

CLOSED SOLENOID VALVE.

# OPENING OF THE SOLENOID VALVEDECREASES THE AIR PRESSURE IN THE

TUBE CONNECTION THE SOLENOID TOTHE DIAPHRAGM VALVE CAUSING THETHE VALVE TO OPEN.

MATERIALINLET

HOPPER

CLEAN AIREXHAUST

TIMER &SOLENOIDENCLOSURES

DIAPHRAGMVALVE

COMPRESSEDHEADER

DIRTY AIR

HOUSING

CARTRIDGEFILTER

CLEAN AIRPLENUM

PURGE AIRPIPE

PRIMARY

PULSE (TYP)

SECONDARYAIR (TYP)

CARTRIDGEFILTERS

PURGEAIRPIPE

MAGNEHELICGAUGE

MODEL NUMBER DEFINITION(EXAMPLE)

202 55 E86

NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NOMINAL LENGTH OF ELEMENTROWS COLUMNS CARTRIDGE IN INCHES DIA. 8.6"

# THIS PERMITS A MOMENTARY PULSE OFCOMPRESSED AIR TO FLOW FROM THEAIR HEADER DOWN THE BLOWPIPE AND

OUT INTO EACH FILTER BAG.

# THIS MOMENTARY TAKES ALL BAGS INONE ROW OFF LINE THROUGH PRESSURE

REVERSAL.

# SOLIDS ARE RELEASED TO FALL INTOFILTER HOPPER OR EXISTING BIN.

# FILTERED AIR EXITS THROUGH CLEAN

AIR PLENUM EXHAUST.


10/25

FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES

Filter media is manufactured from various materials, which provide different beneficial characteristics:

Table 1 is a Fabric Selection chart, which summarizes some of the properties of common fabric

materials.

MATERIAL ACID

RESISTANCE

ALKALIRES

ISTANCE

SOLVENTR

ESISTNACE

STRENGTH

&

ABRASION

FLAMERESI

STANCE

FILTRATION

PROPERTIES

RELATIVEC

OST

OPERATING

TEMP

F

POLYESTER G G G E G E 1 275

POLYPROPYLENE E E E E P G 1 180

WOOL G F G P P G 1 200

ACRYLIC COPOLYMER G F G G P G 2 260FIBERGLASS E F E P E F 3 500

NOMEX F G V G E E 4 425

P-84 V F V G E E 5 500

RYTON E E E G E V 6 375

TEFLON E E E G E F 8 450

LEGEND

POOR PFAIR F

GOOD G

VERY GOOD V

EXCELLENT E

Table 1

Cotton

While cotton is an excellent, low cost natural filtration fiber available in a wide variety of fabric styles,

the primary limitation of cotton fabrics is their temperature limit for continuous operation of 180F

(83C) and for maximum surges of 225F (105C). Cotton is also subject to shrinkage and damage

by bacteria and acidic environments. Cotton is being displaced by synthetic fibers such as

polyesters and acrylics, which offer extended life and resistance to acids and to higher temperatures.

Application is still seen in ambient-temperature industries such as quarry operations.


11/25

FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES - Continued

Acrylics

These synthetic fibers offer good hydrolytic resistance over a limited temperature range, 260F

(127C) continuous, 275F (135C) surge. The homopolymer versions, such as Draylon T producedby Farbenfabriken Bayer AG, are normally recommended. Acrylic fibers are used in the manufacture

of ferrous and of ferrous metals, carbon black, cement, lime, fertilizers and following spray-dryers in

coal-fired burners. They are also used extensively in wet-filtration applications.

Polyesters

Today, polyesters are among the most widely used fabrics for general applications below 275F

(135C), their maximum continuous-use temperature. Their maximum surge temperature is about

300F (149C). Polyester fibers are produced in both filament and staple form and are available inboth woven and felted fabrics. The primary damaging agents are water (hydrolysis) and concentrated

sulfuric, nitric and carbolic acids. They have good resistance to weak alkalies and fair resistance to

strong alkalies at low temperatures. They have good resistance to most oxidizing agents and

excellent resistance to most organic solvents.

Ryton

This is a relatively new synthetic fiber with a moderate temperature range, 375F (190C) continuous,

450F, (232C) surge. It will hydrolyze, but only at temperatures above 375F. It has excellentresistance to both acids and alkalies, which makes it very useful in combustion-control applications.

Its early applications have been on industrial coal-fired boilers, waste-to-energy incineration -- with

and without spray dryers --, titanium dioxide, and installations where Nomex does not perform well

due to chemical or hydrolytic attack.

Nomex

This is a commonly used fiber for applications in the 275-400F (135-204C) range. It is produced in

both filament and staple fiber form and is available as both woven and felted fabrics. It has excellentthermal stability, shrinking less than 1% at 350F (177C). The fiber is flame resistant, but when

impregnated with combustible dusts will support combustion that will melt and destroy the fabric.

Nomex will begin to hydrolyze at 375oF (190C) when the relative humidity is 10% or greater.

Hydrolysis changes the normal white or grey fabric to a red-brown color. The presence of acids will

catalyze the hydrolysis process. Unacceptably short element life will result where SOx and moisture

are present and frequent dew point excursions occur -- such as coal-fired boilers. Some acid-

retardant finishes have been developed for Nomex, but have been found to improve element life by no

more than 50%, leaving most element life cycles unacceptably short.

Teflon (PTFE)

Teflon is unique among synthetics in its ability to resist chemical attack across the entire pH range

throughout its operating temperature range of 450F (232C) continuous, to 500F (260C) surge.

This fluorocarbon fiber is non-adhesive, has zero moisture absorption and is unaffected by mildew or

ultraviolet light The primary shortcomings of Teflon are its poorer abrasion resistance and relatively


12/25

FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES - Continued

Fiberglass

Most fiberglass fabrics are woven from minute, 0.00015 inch (.0038 mm) filaments. Many variations

of yarn construction, fabric weaves, and fabric finishes are available. It is also produced in a felted

form. Fiberglass has the highest operating temperature range available in conventional fabrics: 500F

(260C) continuous, 550F (288C) surge. Above 500F (260 C), the fiberglass itself is not directly

damaged, but the finish which provides yarn-to-yarn lubrication begins to vaporize, resulting in

accelerated mechanical wear of the glass fibers. Fiberglass is noncombustible, has zero moisture

absorption (cannot hydrolyze), has excellent dimensional stability, and has reasonably good strength

characteristics. Woven glass fabrics have high tensile strength characteristics but relatively low flex

strength, especially in the fill (circumference) direction of the element, and low abrasion resistance.Care must be taken to minimize flexing and rubbing. Fiberglass fabrics have relatively good

resistance to acids but impurities in the glass fibers are attacked by hydrofluoric, concentrated

sulfuric, and hot phosphoric acids. They also have poor resistance to hot solutions of week alkalies,

acid anhydrides, and metallic oxides. For these reasons, glass fabrics should not be operated below

the acid dew point. Fiberglass fabrics are used extensively with coal-fired boilers and high

temperature metals applications.

P-84

P-84 is an aromatic polymer fiber produced in felt form only. The unique shape of the fiber produces

improved capture efficiency characteristics. This fabric is specified at 500F. Composites are

available that take advantage of the superior filtration characteristics of P-84 while reducing its cost.

Any of the previous felted materials can be combined with P-84 to produce a fabric composite that

exhibits the characteristics of both materials.

Surface Treatment of Filtration Media

Various types of surface treatment are available to enhance the filter medias performance.Discussion of these treatments and their benefits are beyond the scope of this manual. Please

consult Airlanco engineering for further information on this subject.

Pre-coating Filter Media

Fine, moist, or adhesive dusts will contribute to premature blinding of filter media. Pre-coating of the

filter media with a layer of an inert dust of known particle size distribution, such as calcium carbonate

(CaCO3), can minimize problems associated with these types of dusts. Consult Airlanco engineering

for information and recommendations regarding the pre-coating of your filter media.


13/25

INSTALLATIONFilter

Airlanco pulse jet filters, depending on size, will be shipped either as complete units or in sections.

All units require the installation of the filter elements along with connections to 110 VAC and

compressed air. Larger filters are shipped in major sub assemblies that are bolted together at the

jobsite and set on the foundation. Refer to the general arrangement drawing for details on the number

of sub-assemblies and the extent of assembly required for your unit.

Compressed Air

Airlanco pulse jet filters having bags and cages require 90-100 psi CLEAN, DRY, compressed air.

Cartridge filters require 60 psi max. This supply is connected to the filter header. The general

arrangement drawing will note the location and pipe size for the compressed air feed.

Lubrication

There are not any lubrication requirements on a pulse jet filter. However, discharge devices such as a

rotary airlock will require lubrication. Refer to the specific manuals for lubrication of this equipment.

Bags and Cages

SPLIT TOPCAGE COLLAR

SUPPORT CAGE

CLAMP BAND

BAG CUP

FOLD TOP OF BAG ANDGROUND STRIP (IF SUPPLIED)INTO CAGE.

SLIDE CLAMP BANDOVER BAG AND CAGEALIGNING IT ABOVE THECAGE COLLAR RIDGE.

ENTER FILTER HOUSING WITHBAG, CAGE AND CLAMPBAND ASSEMBLY AND SLIDETHE CAGE COLLAR OVER THEBAG CUP UNTILL LOCKING RIDGESARE ENGAG ED. TIGH TEN CLAMPBAND.

BOTTOM ACCESSBAG AND CAGE INSTALLATION

STEP 4

STEP 3

STEP 2


14/25

INSTALLATION - Continued

TOP ACCESS

BAG AND CAGE INSTALLATION

1. Lower bottom of bag through hole in tubesheet.

2. Fold snap band (bag top) to insert it into tubesheet

hole.

3. Fit the groove of snap band to the edge of the

tubesheet and allow band to snap in place.

4. Slide cage into bag until it rests on the tubesheet.

5. If the bags are equipped with a grounding strip, fold

the wire over the top of the bag and down its side prior

to fitting in the tubesheet. Wire should be between

bag cuff and tubesheet as shown in the illustration.

6. Check the fit of the snap band. It should be a secure fit

all around with no wrinkles in the snap band. The top

of the bag should be above tubesheet approximately

3/8".

FILTER BAG

GROUND WIRE

WIRE CAGE

BAG CUFF

CAGE TOP

TUBESHEETSPRING STEEL SNAP BAND

Figure 5 Top access bag and cage installation


15/25


E86 cartridge installation

Check the sealing gasket on the filter element. It should be secure on both ends. If the gasket has

been damaged it can be repaired with silicone caulk if the damage is minor. Major damage will

require replacement of the gasket, contact Airlanco. If the gasket is loose it can be re-attached with

silicone caulk.

Insert filter element into the cartridge plate hole. Avoid pleated element contact with the cartridge

plate hole edges. This could damage the filter media. Align the flange holes with the studs in the

cartridge plate. Tighten the wing nuts by hand until the flange touches the cartridge plate. The gasketwill be fully compressed.

GUIDE RODS

OPEN END

COLLAR

OUTSIDE CARTRIDGE PLATE

WELDED STUDS

WING NUTS

CLOSED END

Figure 6 E86 cartridge installation


16/25


Explosion vents (optional)

Explosion vent panels should be oriented away from inhabited work zones or traffic ways. Filters

located in a building should be situated on an outside wall and ducted through the wall to the outside.These ducts should not exceed 10 ft. Consult Airlanco for further information on explosion vent ducts.

Airlanco explosion vents use polymer shear fasteners. Airlanco filters are shipped with the explosion

vents fully installed. Four steel shipping bolts located in the corners of the vents must be replaced

with the polymer bolts supplied. These bolts should be torqued snug not to exceed 20 in. lb.

FAILURE TO REPLACE THESE STEEL BOLTS COULD RESULT IN INJURY AND DAMAGE TO

PROPERTY! Periodic inspection of the explosion panels should be performed. Check bolt torque

and replace when they will no longer torque to 20 in. lb. Check safety chain bolts and tighten or

replace if necessary.

EXPLOSIONVENT PANEL REPLACE STEEL SHIPPING BOLTS

WITH POLYMER BOLTS SUPPLIEDTORQUE TO 20 IN LBS.

BAGHOUSE


17/25

MAINTENANCE

Very little maintenance is required to achieve maximum efficiency and life from your Airlanco Pulse

jet filter. The following items should be periodically serviced.

LubricationPulse jet filters have no lubrication requirements.

Timer Adjustments

Do not change the timer adjustments until the filter has had several weeks to stabilize. This break-in

period is required for the filter media to develop a stable interstitial dust cake. After the break-in

period the cleaning frequency can be increased in order to conserve energy and compressed air.

Increase the pulse frequency by adjusting the potentiometer clearly marked on the timer board.

Adjust in 5 second increments allowing 24 hrs of operation between adjustments. After 24 hrs

observe the differential pressure of the unit. The pulse frequency can be extended until an increase in

differential pressure is observed in the filter. For additional information refer to the manufacturers

instructions in the appendix.

The timer board does not require any maintenance but must be kept free of dust and moisture. Refer

to the timer manufacture's manual (attached) for more detailed operation and maintenance

information.

Cleaning and Repair

The external portion of this unit should be treated as any other metal surface that is subject to

corrosion. Clean periodically and repaint damaged surfaces when needed to prevent corrosion.

Dust may enter the clean air plenum through a leaking or broken filter element. Remove accumulated

dust from clean air plenum immediately. Dust in the clean air side of a filter element will reduce the

life and performance of the element.

Solenoid and Diaphragm Valves

The solenoid and diaphragm valves may require periodic maintenance depending on the quality of the

compressed air supplied to the unit.

Filter Elements

Filter elements do not require any periodic maintenance. However, at some point the elements will

require replacement or cleaning. This will be designated by persistent high differential pressure

across the elements and are not accompanied by any other change in the operating parameters of

the system. Many factors effect the life of filter elements. Refer to the section on trouble shooting if

low element life or persistent wear problems are evident.

NOTE: All elements that are to be cleaned should be vacuum cleaned prior to the cleaning process.

Element Cleaning Process:

Polyester felt fibers are not subject to shrinkage by water alone. They may be washed in water that

does not exceed 140F. Use a mild soap such as standard dishwashing detergent. Tumble drying

temperatures can cause the bags or cartridges to shrink. Bags will clean better if the dry cleaning


18/25

MAINTENANCE - Continued

Rotary Valve (Airlock)

The rotary valve should be serviced every six months. Remove the chain guard and end covers on the

bearings; add a small amount of grease. Avoid forcing an excessive amount of grease into the

bearing as the seal may become damaged. Check the wipers inside the rotary valve for wear.Replace as needed. The roller chain drive should be kept tight enough so that the chain cannot "climb

the sprocket" and should be oiled lightly once a month. Remove any foreign properties and paint

exterior as needed. Refer to your specific airlock manual.

Screw Conveyor

Periodic cleaning and painting when required. The roller chain drive should be kept tight enough so

that the chain cannot "climb the sprocket" and should be oiled lightly once a month. The auger

bearings have been factory pre-lubricated with high quality grease and for normal conditions of service

require no further lubrication. Normal Service is considered as operation in a clean, dry atmosphereat temperatures between -20

oF. and 180

oF. Where service is abnormal with respect to speed,

temperature, exposure to moisture, dirt or corrosive chemicals, or where extremely long life is

required, periodic lubrication may be advisable. To lubricate remove pipe plug and replace with a

standard grease fitting.


19/25

TROUBLESHOOTING FILTERS

PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION

High differential pressure

across tubesheet

Bad gauge Check gauge by blowing into it. If needle does not move

replace gauge

Leaking gauge lines Repair leaking gauge linesClogged or deteriorated gauge

lines

Clean or replace lines

Low header pressure Filter requires a min of 90 psi clean dry compressed air

(60 psi max for cartridge filters).

Check supply lines and drain valves for leaks.

Check diaphragm and solenoid operation.

Refer to compressor manual.

Check for moisture or ice in air lines and valves.Static charge on fi lter Stat ic electricity wil l interfere with the element cleaning

operation. Ground filter.

Water in air lines Water can freeze valves under cold temperatures.

Water contributes to the build up of dirt in the solenoid

and diaphragm valves. Remove water, clean system

and take measures to provide clean dry air to filter.

Fil ter element blinding Inspect dust cake on f il ter elements. High humidity and

condensation will cause dust cakes that are difficult to

remove. Run filter without dust load until cake is

removed. For operation above ambient temperature,preheat filter on start up to avoid condensation. If air

stream is extremely humid , then review application with

manufacturer. Wash or replace old bags. Replace old

cartrid es.Wet compressed air Humid compressed air allows dust cake to stick to the

filter media. Provide clean dry air to filter.

System air volume too high Check air flow of system with design values. If air flow is

high review application with manufacturer. High air

volumes will contribute to excessive re-entrainment of

dust on the filter elements.Dust particle size small Small particles (less than 10 microns) wil l affect

efficiency of filter media. Analyze particle size distribution

with original design parameters. If excessive amounts

of small particles are present then review application

with manufacturer.Bag fit on cages too tight Check bag fit on cages with the pinch test. You should

be able to pinch of fabric at any position. Tight bags

will not allow the bags to pop when cleaned. If bags are

too ti ht re lace them.Cleaning pulse frequency too

long

Adjust cleaning pulse frequency in 5 second intervals

allowing several hours in between adjustments for the

unit to reach steady state. Note: over cleaning of filter

elements will reduce life expectancy.

Cleaning pulse duration needs

adjustment

The cleaning pulse should be set in a range of 40 to 60

milliseconds


20/25

High differential pressure

across tubesheet (cont.)

High dust load Filters normally can handle extremely high dust loads.

The dust must be removed from the hopper quickly. The

cleaning system must keep up with the dust load.

Increase cleaning frequency until operation stabilizes.Note: extremely high dust loads of fines may require

other solutions contact Airlanco engineering for help.

Low Differential pressure

drop

Clogged or deteriorated gauge

lines

Clean or replace lines.

Bad gauge Check gauge by blowing into it. If needle does not move

replace gauge.

Holes in filter elements Replace worn elements

Low system air volume Check duct system for plugs and closed gates.

Incorrect element installation

causing leakage

Look for dust in clean air plenum or discharging from

fan.

Blank-out plugs installed

incorrectly

Look for dust in clean air plenum. Check dusty blank out

plugs for tight fit.

Dust in exhaust air Normal for start up period and

new filter elements.

Allow filter to run for 48 to 96 hours.

Holes in filter elements Replace worn elements.

Blank-out plugs installed

incorrectly

Check all blank out plugs for tight fit.

Poor element life Excessive cleaning of elements Increase timer board pulse frequency

Abrasion Poor inlet design practices such as high inlet velocities

and elbows on the inlet can cause accelerated abrasion

of filter elements. Consult manufacturer for solutions.

Bent cages wearing bags Replace bent cages.

Corroded cages wearing bags. Replace corroded cages.

High air volumes High air to cloth ratios will shorten filter media life.

Check original design and correct where practical.

Moisture in air stream Moisture wi ll cause some fi lter materials to shrink.

Moisture will also cause acids to form in some

applications which weaken the filter media. Check

moisture level and composition of dust and air stream.

Consult the manufacturer review of application.

Incorrect filter media High temperatures, chemical content, and dust

composition will affect filter element life. Consult

manufacturer for solution.

Hopper Plugging Cleaning malfunction See section on high differential pressure.Removal system malfunctioning Check airlock for leaks into hopper.

Airlock or auger too slow Confirm correct speed of discharge airlock or auger.

The above is intended as a quick reference for common problems that may be encountered with a dust filter. If

you are experiencing any difficulties not covered above or have any questions concerning your Airlanco


21/25

MAGNEHELIC

16

14

12108

6

4

2

BYDESCRIPTIONREV DATE

P/N:

SCALE:

DWN. BY:

DWG:

DATE:

REVISION:P/I:

JOB NO:

UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED:ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES.

TOLERANCES:DECIMAL FRACTION OVERALL.XX +/- 0.03 +/- 1/16 120 +/- 1

THIS DRAWING IS THE SOLE PROPERTY OF AIRLANCO (THE CO.)AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, LOANED OR USED IN ANY MANNERWITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF THE CO.

FALLS CITY, NE

11836

NONE

03-19-02

A 03-19-02 RELEASED FOR SALES MDK

MAGNEHELIC GAUGECONNECTION DETAILS

AIRLANCO

MAGNEHELIC GAUGE THEORY OF OPERATION

FANINLET

TOP PLENUM

TUBESHEET

TUBING 1/4" OD(10023989)

HIGH PRESSUREDIRTY AIR HOUSING

(BAG HOUSE)

BAGHOUSE

LOW PRESSURECLEAN AIR

(TOP PLENUM)

MAGNEHELIC GAUGE

CONNECTION DETAILS

ZERO SET

# THE MAGNEHELIC GAUGE IS USED TOMEASURE THE DIFFERENTIAL PRESSUREBETWEEN THE CLEAN GAS SIDE (TOP PLENUM)AND THE DIRTY GAS SIDE OF THE BAGHOUSE.

# A MAGNEHELIC GAUGE MEASURES THE FORCEREQUIRED TO PASS THE GAS THROUGH THEFILTER MEDIA.

# NORMAL PRESSURE DROP FOR A PULSE JET FILTERWILL FALL IN THE RANGE OF 3 TO 5 INCHES OF WATERAFTER THE ELEMENTS ESTABLISH A FILTER CAKE.

# AS THE ELEMENTS GET DIRTY THE DIFFERENTIALREADING WILL INCREASE. EVENTUALLY THE DUSTCAKE MUST BE REMOVED FROM THE FILTERELEMENT SURFACE OR AIR FLOW WILL FALL TOUNACCEPTABLE LEVELS.


22/25

120 VAC

COM

NONO

NC

LOWHIGH

NCNC

NO NO

COM

C 1 2 43


P/N:

SCALE:

DWN. BY:

DWG:

DATE:

REVISION:P/I:

JOB NO:




FALLS CITY, NE

10884

MW

NONE

4-21-97

A

A 4-21-97 RELEASED TO PRODUCTION MW

ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC FORPHOTOHELIC "ON DEMAND"

CONTROL OF TIMER CIRCUIT

AIRLANCO

CONTROL SWITCH

CONTACTS

JUMPERS

L1 L2

PHOTOHELIC SWITCH3000 SERIES STYLE HH

L1 120 VAC L2

SOLENOIDVALVES

EXTERNAL PRESSURESWITCH CONTACTS OFF & ON TIME

ADJUSTMENTS

SOLID STATETIMER BOARD

PROGRAM WIRE

3A FUSE

SWITCH LOGIC

CONTROL CONTACTS CLOSE W HEN HIGH SET POINT IS REACHEDAND FILTER FULSING TIMER IS ACTIVATED.CONTACTS REMAIN CLOSED UNTIL LOW SET POINT IS CROSSED.CONTROL CONTACTS RESET TO OPEN WHEN LOW SETPOINT IS REACHED

AND FILTER PULSING TIMER IS DE-ACTIVATED.


23/25

C 1 2 43


P/N:

SCALE:

DWN. BY:

DWG:

DATE:

REVISION:P/I:

JOB NO:




FALLS CITY, NE

10835

MLH

NONE

1-23-97

A

A 1-23-97 RELEASED FOR INFORMATION MLH

WIRING DIAGRAM FORTIMER BOARD

AIRLANCO

EXTERNAL CONTROLSWITCH (OPTIONAL)

OFF & ON TIME ADJUSTMENTS

PROGRAM WIRE

3A FUSE

L1

L2120 VAC

SOLENOID VALVES


24/25

C 1 2


P/N:

SCALE:

DWN. BY:

DWG:

DATE:

REVISION:P/I:

JOB NO:




FALLS CITY, NE

10809

MLH

NONE

10-25-96

B

B 8-30-01 REVISED AND REDRAWN MLH

WIRING DIAGRAM FORBAG DUMP STATION

W/ LIMIT SWITCH

AIRLANCO

OFF & ON TIME ADJUSTMENTS

PROGRAM WIRE

SOLENOID VALVES

3A FUSE

L1

L2N.O.

N.C.

LIMIT SWITCHSHOWN IN DOOROPEN POSITION


25/25

13

14

21

22

A1A2

T3

T2

T195

NC

T3

T2

T1 1

3

5

2

4

6


P/N:

SCALE:

DWN. BY:

DWG:

DATE:

REVISION:P/I:

JOB NO:




FALLS CITY, NE

11835

MDK

NONE

3-11-02

A

A 3-11-02 RELEASED FOR PRODUCTION MDK

WIRING DIAGRAM FOR BAG DUMPSTATION WITH DOOR LIMIT SWITCH

& BYPASS

AIRLANCO

LIMIT SWITCH BYPASS

TIMER BOARD

L1 L2

JUMPER

DOORLIMIT SWITCH

TOFAN

L1460VAC

L2460VAC

L3460VAC

L2 120VAC L1 120VAC

WITH DOOR OPEN FAN STARTS, TIMER STOPS.BYPASS SWITCH STOPS FAN FOR CARTRIDGE CHANGE.

pulse jet manual

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