Purdue UniversityAmazing Diesel Test Results Average 15%

Improvement with Hydrogen Boosting

         Fuel Type: 100% Petroleum Diesel, without        

Hydrogen AssistThrottle Speed Torque Fuel Power  rpm lb-ft gal/hr Hp

100% 2500 124.0 4.5 59.3  2300 173.7 5.2 76.1  2100 184.7 5.5 74.0  1900 190.9 5.4 69.0  1700 199.5 5.3 64.6  1500 205.4 4.9 59.0  1300 211.0 4.7 52.0  1100 214.6 3.2 45.0  900 203.9 2.9 35.0

75% 2100 132.8 6.3 53.2  1900 190.5 7.0 69.0  1700 199.5 5.5 64.5  1500 204.7 3.9 58.7  1300 211.4 3.6 52.0  1100 214.1 3.4 45.0  900 204.0 2.6 35.0

50% 1700 138.7 3.6 45.0  1500 204.9 4.4 58.9  1300 211.4 3.6 52.0  1100 215.0 3.4 45.0  900 204.6 2.9 35.0

25% 1300 56.4 3.8 14.0  1100 204.7 3.5 43.0  900 207.2 2.5 35.2

 

         Fuel Type: 100% Petroleum Diesel, with Hydrogen Assist        Throttle Speed Torque Fuel Power  rpm lb-ft gal/hr Hp

100% 2500 123.6 4.3 59.0  2300 173.6 5.2 76.0  2100 185.1 4.9 74.0  1900 191.2 4.6 69.0  1700 200.2 4.4 64.8  1500 205.7 4.0 59.0  1300 212.7 3.6 52.7  1100 215.9 2.9 45.0  900 204.4 2.7 35.0

75% 2100 160.1 4.7 64.0  1900 189.4 4.9 68.4  1700 199.3 4.8 64.5  1500 205.9 3.9 59.0  1300 213.3 3.6 52.9  1100 217.0 3.1 45.1

  900 206.1 2.6 35.050% 1700 133.0 3.4 43.0

  1500 207.0 4.0 59.0  1300 213.7 3.6 53.0  1100 217.1 2.7 45.2  900 206.4 2.6 35.0

25% 1300 0.0 4.3 0.0  1100 170.9 3.8 36.0  900 209.2 3.0 36.0

Vegetable oilTorque (ft-lb) for varying SFC (lb/hph) values                    0.46 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.60 0.61speed                        (rpm)                        

900 252 212 173 153 139 129 120 112 106 100 801100 234 238 176 151 135 124 114 107 100 95 751300 231 234 181 151 134 121 112 104 97 91 711500 240 229 177 149 132 119 110 102 95 89 691700 267 211 167 144 129 117 108 100 93 88 681900 209 174 153 137 124 114 105 98 92 86 672100 173 155 140 128 118 109 102 95 90 84 662300 152 140 129 120 112 105 98 92 87 83 652500 136 128 120 112 106 100 94 89 84 80 64

                       Full throttle data   75% throttle data   50% throttle data   25% throttle data      Speed Torque   Speed Torque   Speed Torque   Speed Torque      rpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft      

900 203.2   900 204.1   900 206   900 208.4      1100 208.7   1100 209.9   1100 211.2   1100 145.2      1300 205.3   1300 205.5   1300 206.8   1300 18.3      1500 197.5   1500 197.2   1500 194.2   1354 0      1700 190.6   1700 190.1   1700 80.8            1900 184.5   1900 184   1801 0            2100 174.4   2100 134.5                  2300 156   2246.0 0                  2500 83.6                        2559 0                        

Vegetable oil with Hydrogen assist

 

Torque (ft-lb) for varying SFC (lb/hph) values                    0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.60speed                        (rpm)                        

900 397 339 252 216 191 173 159 147 137 128 1211100 363 308 231 195 172 155 141 131 121 113 1071300 347 283 214 181 159 142 130 119 111 103 971500 335 259 200 170 149 134 122 112 103 96 901700 312 235 187 160 141 127 115 106 98 91 851900 271 209 175 152 135 121 110 101 94 87 812100 221 187 163 144 128 116 106 97 90 84 782300 198 173 152 136 123 111 102 94 87 81 762500 178 159 143 129 117 107 98 91 84 79 74

Full throttle data   75% throttle data   50% throttle data   25% throttle dataSpeed Torque   Speed Torque   Speed Torque   Speed Torquerpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft   rpm lb-ft

900 203.9   900 204   900 204.6   900 207.21100 214.6   1100 214.1   1100 215   1100 204.71300 211   1300 211.4   1300 211.4   1300 56.41500 205.4   1500 204.7   1500 204.9   1369 01700 199.5   1700 199.5   1700 138.7      1900 190.9   1900 190.5   1845 0      2100 184.7   2100 132.8            2300 173.7   2236.0 0            2500 124                  2586 0                  

                     

 

Analysis:

 

          For the petroleum diesel fueled tests I took data from the spreadsheets provided, and divided the horsepower produced at each engine setting with the fuel consumption at that setting.  This gives us an amount of work done per gallon of fuel used, in units of hp/gal/hr or hp x hr/gal.  I then added up all the calculations for each throttle setting and rpm setting of the entire test and compared the final totals to get the following:

 

          Without Hydrogen boost the total was 254.14 and with Hydrogen Boost the total was288.49 for an increase in work accomplished of 13.52%.

 

          For the vegetable oil fueled tests the data was in a different format.  There were two sets of data given.  One was torque (lb-ft) for varying SFC (lb/hph) values.  And the other was torque (lb-ft) for each rpm at throttle settings of 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%.  On each set of data more torque meant better efficiency or performance.  The total of the data point was added and compared with the following results. 

 

          Torque for varying SFC settings totaled 13,839 without Hydrogen Boost and 16,272 with Hydrogen  Boost for an increase of 18.36%.

 

          Torque for each rpm at the various throttle settings totaled 4065.5 without Hydrogen Boost and 4579.4 with Hydrogen Boost for an increase of 12.64%.  This does not take into account the savings in fuel.

 

          Comparing the charts for the vegetable oil tests with and without Hydrogen Boost, you will notice an even better improvement with Hydrogen Boost than the petroleum diesel tests.  Also comparing the charts for the bio-diesel tests with and without Hydrogen Boost, you will notice an even better improvement than with either of the other two fuels.

 

          Reported results in the Purdue University study included the following:

 

Fuel Consumption (measured at max torque)

 

On Road Diesel:         

0.072 gal/hp-hr @ 1100 rpm

On Road Diesel w/Hydrogen:

0.065 gal/hp-hr @ 1100 rpm

Vegetable Oil:          0.064 gal/hp-hr @ 1100 rpmVegetable Oil w/Hydrogen:

0.060 gal/hp-hr @ 1100 rpm

 

Fuel Efficiency increase/decrease (compared to on road petroleum diesel)

 

 

         

 

On Road Diesel w/Hydrogen:

9.72%

Vegetable Oil: 11.11%Vegetable Oil w/Hydrogen:

16.67%

 

 

 

Following is from the Purdue University students’ Report:

 

Abstract:

Dynamometer tests have been performed on a 4.5L John Deere diesel engine to obtain torque, horsepower, and specific fuel consumption by testing the fuels individually and also using hydrogen assist with each.  The data was compiled into total performance maps.  Fuels tested include on road diesel, bio-diesel (B20) and vegetable oil (canola oil). 

 

 

Objective: 

          The objective was to perform dynamometer tests on a 4.5L JD diesel engine to obtain total performance maps from the following data.  The total performance maps provided information on whether the vegetable oil or the hydrogen boost system help in reducing fuel consumption. 

          Overall, six dynamometer tests were run with different fuel combinations in order to determine the performance analysis of the two systems.  Three fuel types were used, including on road diesel, B20 bio-diesel blend, and canola oil.  With each of these three fuels, tests were executed both with and without hydrogen assist.  Each test was compared to the 100% petroleum diesel, which was the baseline control test. In order to maintain consistency and an unbiased evaluation, all tests were performed on the same John Deere engine, using the same dynamometer, under the same procedure. 

          Before any dynamometer tests were run, each fuel type’s energy content was calculated by way of heat of combustion assessments.  An adiabatic bomb calorimeter was used for these processes.  By calculating the energy content (observed in calories per gram of fuel) of each fuel, a theoretical analysis could aid in prediction of each fuel’s relative power output.

          Two systems were supplied for these tests.  One system was a vegetable fuel system contributed by GreaseCar.com.  This system was a complete secondary fuel system designed to be integrated into the existing fuel system.  The principle behind this

system was to use waste vegetable oil gathered from places such as restaurant deep fryers.  Even though the kit was designed to use waste vegetable oil, new Crystal Cottonseed/Canola oil blend.  Using new oil ensured consistency during testing. 

The second system was a Hydrogen assist unit contributed by Hydrogen-boost.com.   Through the process of hydrolysis, the system separated water into hydrogen and oxygen.  The separated gases were then directed into the airflow prior to the air cleaner. 

 Comments:

 

          The raw data from the report was much more valuable than the brief analysis by the students who published their report.  For example the increase in torque or decrease in fuel used at an arbitrary rpm and throttle setting is quite meaningless.  Their report of fuel consumption at 1100 RPM and maximum torque achieved is one point on a chart of over one hundred points.  If we were to cherry pick one point that highlights the best Hydrogen Boost performance we could show a 61.4% improvement with petroleum diesel and a 57.5% improvement with vegetable oil, by the use of our hydrogen generator alone.  These points are as meaningless as the arbitrary point chosen by the students.  Only the cumulative improvement across the whole range of operating conditions gives us a good picture of the effect of Hydrogen Boost on the diesel combustion.  The average of the three improvements we calculated above is an impressive 15%. 

          Or if we wanted to analyze the affects of Hydrogen Boost at the most frequent engine operating condition likely during our expected operation we should look at the following.  According to our diesel tractor trailer customer who is doing extensive testing with Hydrogen Boost the most frequent operating condition of the engine on the road is at 1300 to 1400 RPM at heavy throttle.  If we take the results reported for 100% throttle at 1300 RPM with petroleum diesel fuel we see a 31.6% increase in work done per gallon of diesel fuel used.  If this result proved to be the same on the big diesel engines in our tractor trailer fleet we would expect over 30% mileage increase with the addition of the Hydrogen Boost hydrogen generator alone.  Though I do not expect this kind of increase with Hydrogen Boost on tractor trailers I am quite confident that there is much more to this technology than I had previously expected. 

          These calculations are real comparisons in that they are not comparing fuel consumption at a single throttle setting (giving different torque in each test) but instead are comparing the amount of work done by the set amount of fuel; which could be assumed to be somewhat equivalent to our normal reporting of miles per gallon.

 

          For those skeptics that doubt these results I want to assure you that the power to produce the hydrogen came from the alternator of the engine being tested.  I must say that I am very impressed because I have only expected maybe a 5% improvement with the Hydrogen Generator alone.  Just think what the complete Hydrogen Boost system might achieve.

 

          Also please note that the vegetable oil test proved the ability of vegetable oil to produce more torque at a lower fuel consumption rate than petroleum diesel fuel.  What makes this even more noteworthy is that the energy content by weight of the vegetable oil is actually 11% less than petroleum diesel fuel (see table below).  Note that the vegetable oil was heated to engine coolant temperature before injection.  I am certain that if our fuel heater was used on the petroleum diesel and bio-diesel tests it would have shown even more of an improvement.