David Lassner

University of Hawaii <david@hawaii.edu>

  EU ACP-Connect Pacific StudyDany Vandromme, George McLaughlin  

  National Science Foundation  EAGER Award# 1239824  

  Network Startup Resource Center (NSRC)  Steve Huter, Dale Smith, Hervey Allen, Jon Brewer

  Universities actively pioneered the deployment of IP networks around the world

  Original PACCOM project based at the University of Hawaii was the vehicle for first international IP connections to academic networks in AU, JP, NZ, KR…

  The world noticed, Commercial Internet opportunities emerged  Many R&E networks sold and/or replaced by commercial services

  In the US, by the mid-1990s universities realized something was missing  Costs spiraling out of control  Limited development and deployment of new IP technologies  Connectivity via commercial ISPs hindered high-bandwidth academic

applications and innovations

  In 1996 50+ U.S. universities created Internet2 as a national Research & Education (R&E) network  APAN formally created in 1997  International R&E connections formalized with existing

and emerging R&E network partners  Example: Internet2 currently has 60+ international MOUs

  Research and Education (R&E) networks directly connect colleges, universities, research facilities, schools, libraries, museums and sometimes hospitals

  R&E network connections tend to be higher speed and deploy advanced network capabilities earlier

  In most countries, R&E network connections are in addition to standard “commodity” Internet connectivity, not a replacement  R&E networks may also provide commodity services to members  Local exchange an important element of getting it right

  R&E network connections enable advanced applications in research and education that are not feasible over commodity connections

  Higher/Tertiary education usually anchors R&E network initiatives  R&E networks can be developed at the state/regional, national and

international level

  With substantial progress in Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Africa and a Caribbean R&E network going live: The Pacific is now the last region of the world with no regional initiative to develop Research & Education (R&E) network capacity

  But there’s hope!  U.S. NSF funded an exploratory project to identify needs and

opportunities for R&E networking in the Pacific  EC’s ACP Connect Study  Australia’s support for USP through AARNet

  Highly  distributed  popula8on    Low  density,  Significant  distances,  Island  geographies,  including  domes8c    

  Weak  economies,  low  GDP    Limited  educa8onal  aGainment    Developing  and  variable  telecom  regulatory  environments    Limited  telecom  infrastructure  –  internal  and  external  

  Economics  and  geography    Limited  regional  “glue”  

  Mul8ple  poli8cal  affilia8ons    Lack  of  coordina8on  by  development  partners    Connec&vity  is  most  cri&cal  to  the  most  isolated  communi&es;  Unfortunately,  they  generally  have  the  most  limited  capacity.  

LocationArea (sq km)

Major City/State

Population (July 2012 est)

Internet Usage (Jun 2012 est)

Population Penetration

GDP (PPP) per capita (ranking out of 228 - as of 2012)

School Life Expectancy (Yrs) REN

Cable Landing To Active

Cook Islands 236 Rarotonga 19,937 6,000 30.1% 117 12 USPNet

Fiji 18,274 Suva 890,057 247,275 27.8% 158 13 USPNetSCCNICN, Tonga

AUS & HIVanuatuTonga

Active20132013

Kiribati 811 Tarawa 101,998 10,074 9.9% 145 12 USPNet

Marshall Islands 181 Majuro 68,480 7,260 10.6% 180 12 USPNet HANTRU-1Guam &Micronesia Active

Federated States of Micronesia 702

Pohnpei, Kosrae, Yap, Chuuk 106,487 22,213 20.9% 187 -- HANTRU-1

Guam &Marshall Islands Active

Nauru 21 Yaren 9,378 480 5.1% 153 9

Niue 260 Alofi 1,556 1,100 70.7% 144 13 USPNet

Palau 459 Koror 21,032 6,360 30.2% 125 15 foreshadowedGuam 2014

Papua New Guinea 462,840 Port Moresby 6,310,129 135,000 2.1% 179 --PNG-ARNet

APNG-2PPC-1

Australia & Guam

ActiveActive

Samoa 2,831 Apia 194,320 17,940 9.2% 140 12 USPNet SASAm SamoaHI Active

Solomon Islands 28,896 Honiara 584,578 34,313 5.9% 170 9 USPNet SOC to PPC-1 Guam 2013

Tonga 747 Nuku'alofa 106,146 26,479 24.9% 133 14 USPNet Tonga-Fiji Fiji 2013

Tuvalu 26 Funafuti 10,619 4,300 40.5% 169 11 USPNet

Vanuatu 12,189 Port Villa 260,155 19,172 7.4% 156 10 USPNet ICN Fiji 2013

Norfolk Island (AUS) 36 Kingston 2,572 700 27.2% -- --

French Polynesia (FR) 4,167 Papeete 274,512 144,518 52.6% 67 -- Honotua HI Active

New Caledonia (FR) 18,575 Noumea 260,166 128,138 49.3% 81 -- Gondwana-1 AUS Active

Wallis and Futuna (FR) 142 Mata-Utu 15,850 1,337 8.4% 164 --

Tokelau (NZ) 12 -- 1,331 800 60.1% 218 12 USPNet

Pitcairn Islands (UK) 47 -- 54 -- -- -- --

American Samoa (US) 199 Pago Pago 54,947 3,040 5.5% 126 -- USPNet SASSamoaHI Active

Guam (US) 544 Hagatna 159,914 90,000 56.3% 85 --

AAG, AJC (SEA-US)HANTRU-1, CNMI

ActiveActiveActiveActive

Northern Mariana Islands (US) 464 Saipan 96,417 15,980 16.6% 97 --

Paci

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  Connect education & research communities domestically and globally  Enable distance learning, training, access to content

and academic collaborations  Enable cyberinfrastructure-empowered research  Increasingly, support academic cloud services

  Develop, deploy and transfer advanced network applications and technologies  Enable new generation of R&E applications  Transfer technology, knowledge and experience for

broad commercial use

  Expand  distance  learning  opportuni8es  and  improve  educa8onal  capacity    Educa8on,  Public  Health,  Health  Care,  Social  Work,  STEM,  Marine  Sciences,  Environmental  Studies,  Business…    Connect  indigenous  and  na8ve  communi8es  to  share  language,  culture,  prac8ces  and  wisdom  

  Access  to  global  digital  libraries  and  educa8onal  content  repositories      Enable  collabora8on  among  schools,  colleges,  universi8es,  NGOs  and  others  throughout  the  world    Telemedicine  &  Public  Health  outreach  and  research  

  Research has become a Team Sport  Research is increasingly interdisciplinary  Research is increasingly international  Research is increasingly data-driven and computationally enabled

Research-based innovation and problem-solving requires adapting to these shifts

  Enable  strategic  research  using  modern  cyberinfrastructure  and  eScience  approaches:    Climate  Change  &  Sea  Level  Rise,  Ocean  Acidifica8on,  Coral  Reef  Survival,  Fisheries,  Island  Sustainability,  Indigenous  Culture  Preserva8on,  Sustainable  Agriculture,  Public  Health,  Bioinforma8cs  applica8ons  to  people  and  the  environment,  Earthquake  &  Tsunami  Modeling,  Disaster  Resilience,  Environmental  Studies…  

  WITH,  not  just  FOR  Pacific  Islanders  

  Develop  a  workforce  skilled  with  emerging  technologies  for  local  telecommunica8ons  and  ICT  industries  

  Enable  economic  development  for  informa8on  economies  through  new  ICT-­‐based  innova8ons  and  ini8a8ves  

  Build  apprecia8on  for  higher  speed  broadband  and  demand  for  higher  capacity  services  and  infrastructure  

 

Established  1968  12  member  countries  Mul8  owned  and  mul8  funded    33million  Sq  Km  ocean  

USP SERVING THE PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES

  Currently  available  fiber    Fiji  –  AU/US  (SCCN)    Guam  –  Hawaii  (AAG,  SEA-­‐US  pending)    Samoa  -­‐  American  Samoa  –  Hawaii    French  Polynesia  –  Hawaii    Micronesia  &  Marshalls  –  Guam    Northern  Marianas  –  Guam    New  Caledonia  –  AU    PNG  –  AU  &  Guam      Tonga  –  Fiji    Vanuatu  –  Fiji  

  Funded  fiber  projects  underway  Solomons  –  Guam  &  AU  (via  PIPE)  

  Fiber  projects  under  considera8on    Palau,  Yap  

  Satellite  Projects    O3B  Satellite  in  Produc8on  

 MEO  –  Low  Latency  (120  ms)  Ka  Band  –  Gigabit  speeds  

Kacific  Planned   Retail  and  consumer  offerings   Highly  affordable   2017  Launch  &  RFS    

  AU/NZ  –  HI/  US  Fiber  Projects  Planned  Hawaiki  

  APX-­‐East    Both  offering  branching  units  for  Pacific  Islands  

  Southern  Cross  Cable  Network  /  AARNet  /  SX  TransPORT  partnership    IEEAF  /  Tyco-­‐TGN  Partnership    AMPATH  /  Global  Crossing  Partnership  Hawaiki  R&E  Offer  

  O3b  Research  Vessel  Offer    

  Directly  address  meaningful  na8onal  &  regional  problems  with  modern  prac8ces  in  educa8on,  health  and  research    Develop  the  next  genera8on  qualified  workforce  for  local  telecommunica8ons  and  ICT  industries    Generate  local  ideas  for  informa8on-­‐  and  communica8on-­‐based  ini8a8ves  that  may  become  commercial  customers    Demonstrate  u8lity  of  abundant  bandwidth  in  a  limited,  affordable,  safe  and  non-­‐precedent  sekng  environment    May  provide  an  opportunity  for  use  of  ini8al  “excess”  capacity  

AU#

Fiji#

Guam#

Hawaii#

CNMI%(Saipan)%

Palau%

Marshalls'(Majuro)%

Pohnpei%(FSM)%

Samoa%

Am.%%Samoa%

Tonga'Cook''Islands'

French%%Polynesia%

New%Caledonia%

Vanuatu%Solomons'Papua%

%New%Guinea%

U.S.$R&E$

Asia$R&E$

NZ%

ExisDng%Fiber%

Planned%Fiber%

R&E%Fiber%ConnecDon%

O3b#satellite'

USPNet#satellite'

O3b%PotenDal%R&E%Sites%

Niue'

Tokelau'Kiriba9%

Tuvalu'Nauru'

No6onal#Pacific#Islands#Research#and#Educa6on#Network#(PIREN)%

Yap%(FSM)%

Chuuk%(FSM)%

USPNet'Campus'Loca9ons'

Kosrae%(FSM)%

V3'–'26'Jan'2015'

Palmyra%

Univ of French Polynesia

(Tahiti)

Univ of Hawaii & Pacific Wave via Honotua

Univ of New Caledonia

AARNet via Gondwana

Renater (France)

Berkeley, NSF, Stakeholders

Commercial Internet &

local peering (FP)

Gump Station (Moorea) Commercial

Internet & local peering

(NC)

UFP (Tahiti) FP R&E Hub

French Research Centers

FP Schools

Univ of Hawaii

AARNet (AU) & REANNZ (NZ)

Renater (France)

Internet2 (US) Commercial

Internet & local peering

(FP)

Gump Station (Moorea)

DR Fortress (HI) via Honotua

American Samoa Comm College

National University of Samoa Commercial

Internet & local peering (Am Samoa)

Univ of Hawaii & Internet2/etc

Commercial Internet &

local peering (Samoa)

Guam (UOG/GCC)

College of Marshall Islands

(Majuro)

Univ of Hawaii, Pacific Wave & Beyond

College of Micronesia (Pohnpei)

Northern Marianas College (Saipan)

Commercial Internet &

local peering (Guam)

Commercial Internet &

local peering (Saipan)

Commercial Internet &

local peering (Pohnpei)

Commercial Internet &

local peering (Majuro)

USP Fiji via AARNet

USP Marshalls

  Pacific  colleges  and  universi8es:  PPEC,  USP,  UPF,  UNC,  NUS,  PNG  unis…    Pacific  research  ins8tu8ons  and  their  owners/operators    PITA  members  –  Pacific  Telecom  Operators  &  Regulators    APAN,  PTC,  PacNOG,  PICISOC,  APNIC…    Owners  of  the  new  infrastructure  (Fiber  projects,  Satellite  systems)    Pacific  Island  na8onal  &  regional  governments,  leaders  &  consor8a    Exis8ng  R&E  Networks  in  the  U.S.,  Australia,  NZ,  France,  Japan:  Internet2,  AARNet,  REANNZ,  RENATER..  

  Na8onal  and  interna8onal  development  agencies:  ADB,  WorldBank,,  AUSAid,  EC  ACP,  JICA,  APT,  ITU,  UNESCO…  

  U.S.  Government:  NSF,  Interior,  State,  Educa8on,  Commerce,  USAID,  CDC,  NASA…