quality of enginners: is it degrading
TRANSCRIPT
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QUALITY OF
ENGINEERS:
IS IT
DEGRADING?
2015-
16TE CIVILSECOND SHIFT
BATCH 2
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i
ANJUMAN-I-ISLAM KALSEKAR TECHNICAL CAMPUS, NEW
PANVEL
REPORT WRITING ON
QUALITY OF ENGINEERS - IS IT DEGRADING?
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED TO
PROF.MARUF QADRI
BY
1. HUZAIFA KHAN 13CES21
2. AYESHA MASTIM 13CES04
3.TARANNUM SHAIKH 13CES01
4. ATIQUE BARUDGAR 13CES11
5. IRFAN QURESHI 13CES39
6.SAYYED SAGEER 13CES47
7.SHAHBAZ KHAN 13CES26
8. QURESHI FAUWAZ 13CES40
9.KHAN RIZWAN 13CES24
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ii
10. MD. ARIZ 13CES 32
11. KHAN SAIF 13CES 23
12. SHAIKH AZAZ 13CES49
13. NAEEM JILANI 13CES34
14. KHAN SALMAN 13CES25
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iii
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iv
DEDICATION LETTER
THIS REPORT IS DEDICATED TO ALL
THE UNEMPLOYED ENGINEERS AS A
CONCERN.
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v
FORWARDING LETTER
We students of TECES Batch1&2 present
this letter to our ECS Professor Maruf Sir.
We were given a project to write a report on
the Degrading Qualities of Engineers. We all
have contributed our best in preparing ameaningful and useful report.
We have used many magazines and
newspapers of different years to get the
abstract for this report, as well as internet.
We hope this report is beneficial for
everyone.
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vi
PREFACE
As a part of the education system being
students, and to gain partial knowledgeabout the current educational practices we
have prepared a report on “QUALITIES OF
ENGINEERS:IS IT DEGRADING".The
basic objective of this report is to know the
root cause of degrading qualities of an
engineer.
In this report we have included various
causes, the type of educational practices,
tried to figure out the root cause, the ethicsof an engineer and its conclusion with
solution.
Doing this report project helped us to make
our studies better, our way of seeing
education changed,it helped us to build our
selves as an engineer with ethics.
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vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT LETTER
“...the beauty of the destination is half veiled
and the fragrance of success is half dull untilthe traces of those enlightening the path are
left to fly with the wind spreading word of
thankfulness...”
To prepare this report, we students had taken
help of many teachers of our college as well
as our fellow companions, by interviewing
them. We would like thank them all to help
us. We even thank our ECS teacher Maruf
Sir to give such an opportunity to prepare areport which will help us in our upcoming
future.
Last but not least we thank the new
inventions.
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viii
ABSTRACT
Engineering education is expanding but
quality engineers are not being produced.The report is based on the data of more than
55, 00 engineers who graduated. The report
goes deeper to identify the patterns in
employability across different regions and
kind of colleges, analyzing in detail the
distribution of education pattern and
employability. We have even focused on
moral qualities of the then engineers and the
engineers now. After over viewing the
whole report we have ended up on
conclusion with some solutions to the
problem of degrading qualities of engineers.
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Table of contents
Dedication Letter................................................................iv
Forwarding Letter...............................................................v
Preface................................................................................vi
Acknowledgement Letter..................................................vii
Abstract..............................................................................viii
Contents..............................................................................ix
List of illustrations.............................................................xi
Contents Page no.
1. Introduction 1
1.1) Purpose 1
1.2) Background 1
1.3) Methods of investigation 2
1.4) Scope 3
2. The Engineers before and the engineers now 4
2.1) Previous state of an engineer 4
2.2) Current state of engineer 6
3. Legal and ethics consideration in engineering 9
3.1) Moral failure 9
3.2) Corruption 12
4. Failure of educational system 14
4.1) Coaching classes 15
4.2) Indian engineering syllabus 17
4.3) Mathematics and communication is weak 18
4.4)
Marks based study not skill based 21
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4.5)
Lack of skill in teaching staff 23
5. Summary, conclusion, and recommendation
5.1) Summary 25
5.2)
Conclusion 26
5.3)
Recommendation 26
6.
Glossary 29
7.
References 30
8.
Bibliography 31
9.
Index 32
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List of illustrations:
Content Page No
1. Fig 2.2: Is the quality of engineers degrading? 7
2. Fig3.1 Do you think lack of morals and 12
ethics is a cause for degradationof engineers?
3.
Fig 4: Major Cause of degradation 14
4. Fig 4.1 : Rise in Indian Coaching Industry 15
5. Fig 4.3.1: How much would you rate level of mathematics
and communication skills of upcoming engineers?
19
6.
Fig 4.3.2: Skills desired by employers 20
7.
Fig 4.4.1 : Does scoring based learning affects
The depth of knowledge of students? 21
8.Fig 4.4.2 : Percentage of Ph.D. output to Graduate 23
9. Fig 4.5: Which factor is affecting most from the
Following 24
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1. Introduction
An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering,
concerned with applying scientific knowledge,
mathematics, and ingenuity to develop solutions for
technical, societal and commercial problems. Engineers
design materials, structures, and systems while
considering the limitations imposed by practicality,
regulation, safety, and cost. The word engineer is derived
from the Latin words ingeniare ("to contrive, devise")and ingenium ("cleverness").
The work of engineers forms the link between scientific
discoveries and their subsequent applications to human needs
and quality of life.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this report is to investigate the rise in the
degradation of quality of the engineer. This report will also
recommend the preventive measures for the unemployment
and degradation of engineers.
1.2 Background
Engineers have significantly higher starting salaries than do
college graduates with bachelor's degrees in many other
fields. After 4 years of college, an engineer could be making
₹20,00,000 to ₹30,00,000 a year. And society will always
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need people, like engineers, who solve problems and come up
with new ways of thinking about and doing things.
But now scenario has dramatically changed there is a false
perception in the society that if one does engineering he/she is
a brilliant student and that it is easy to get a job with a fat
salary. It is this perception that makes many students opt for
engineering. Some know about this even before joining an
engineering college but they do not dare to take a decisionopposite to custom. Towards the end of the course students
come to realize the reality and end up accepting any offer that
they get, be it a less-paying job in the same field of study, a
job in a totally different field, or decide to study further just to
escape social and peer pressure. Problem also lies in the fact
that the quality of engineering education has dropped. The
National Employability Report, Engineering Graduates - 2014
by Aspiring Minds says that less than one out of four
engineering graduates are employable.
In India, engineering colleges are springing up like wild
mushroom in last few years. Their number has gone up from a
not too modest 1,511 colleges in 2006-07 to an
astoundingly high 3,345 in 2014-15. The state of Andhra
Pradesh alone has more than 700 colleges.
1.3 Methods of investigation
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Questionnaires were issued to100 people from 6 educational
institute on 25 Sept 2015. Three engineers who were
unemployed were also interviewed to get in-depth views.
References were also made to the newspapers articles and
books.
1.4 Scope
Besides pointing the causes of the degradation &
unemployment, this report recommends the initiatives to be
taken in education system to enhance the skill based teaching.
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2. The engineers before and the
engineers now.
2.1 Previous state of Engineers:
Engineers are responsible for some of the greatest inventions
and technology the world depends on. Everything from space
shuttles to air conditioning systems to bridges requires the
work of an engineer. To be successful in the field of
engineering, they possess certain qualities. Some of those topqualities include:
1. Possesses a strong Analytical Aptitude: Then engineer has
excellent analytical skills and is continually examining things
and thinking of ways to help things work better. They are
naturally inquisitive.
2. Shows an Attention to Detail: Then engineer pays
meticulous attention to detail. The slightest error can cause an
entire structure to fail, so every detail must be reviewed
thoroughly during the course of completing a project.
3. Has Excellent Communication skills: Then engineer has
great communication skills. They can translate complextechnical lingo into plain English and also communicate
verbally with clients and other engineers working together on
a project.
4. Takes part in continuing education: Then engineer stays on
top of developments in the industry. Changes in the
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technology happen rapidly, and the most successful engineers
keep abreast of new research and ideas.
5. Is Creative: they used to be creative and can think of newand innovative ways to develop new systems and make
existing things work more efficiently.
6. Shows an ability to think logically: they has a top notch
logical skills. They are able to make sense of complex
systems and understand how things work and how problems
arise.
7. Mathematically inclined: They have excellent math skills.
Engineering is an intricate science that involves complex
calculations of varying difficulty.
8. Has good problem solving skills: They have sharp problem
solving skills. An engineer is frequently called upon solely to
address problems, and they must be able to figure out where
the problems stems from and quickly develop a solution.
9. Team player: They used to understand that they are a part
of a larger team working together to make one project come
together successfully, and therefore, must work well as part of
that team.
10. Has excellent Technical Knowledge: They used to have
vast amount of technical knowledge. They understand a
variety of computer programs and other systems that are
commonly used during an engineering project.
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2.2 Current state of Engineers:
Today’s engineers are pr oduced in masses due to availabilityof opportunities in private colleges and they lack in skills and
morals. These mass produced engineers are responsible for
unemployment in the country. Since companies are recruiting
engineers based on their academics and skills these engineers
are good in academics but lack in skills results in rejection in
interview of job placement.There are some of the key findings by New Delhi-based
employability Solutions Company, on skills, gender,
locations, and institutions. The report is based on a sample of
more than 520 engineering colleges across India. India has
6,214 engineering and technology institutions with 2.9 million
students enrolled, and according to the Ministry of HumanResource Development.
Engineers are not developed to their full potential,
according to a study by Towers Watson and the institution of
Mechanical Engineers (IME).
Towers Watson director of organisational surveys and
insights Yves Duhaldeborde said the development need of
skilled engineers had been “neglected”.
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Fig 2.2 : Is the quality of engineers degrading?
The most problematic demographic is engineers in theirthirties, typically with line management responsibilities.
According to the research, these employees are less engaged;
45% believe there are substantial obstacles to doing their job
well’ compared to 35% of twenty-year olds.
The IME’s head of commercial development Alastair
Barr said: “We needs to give serious thought as an industry to
how we equip people with not only the core engineering skills
required in today’s economy but also the people skills that
allows us to drive up the productivity as a whole”.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
YES NO
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There is a real concern within the engineering profession that
an increasing number of higher-education staff teaching
engineering have no industry knowledge or experience.
Part of the problem is that teaching posts are filled by
new graduates as a means of funding further study. ‘There is a
real concern within the engineering profession that an
increasing number of higher-education staff teaching
engineering have no industry knowledge or experience. Many
engineering graduates that choose to continue their higher
education studies and research activities full time have no
option other than to accept teaching posts to fund their
academic careers. ‘Hence some higher education staff have no
interest in teaching and this manifests itself in a poor learning
experience for students.
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3. Legal and ethical consideration in
engineering.
Codes of engineering ethics identify a specific
precedence with respect to the engineer's consideration for
the public, clients, employers, and the profession. Many
engineering professional societies have prepared codes of
ethics. Some date to the early decades of the twentieth
century. These have been incorporated to a greater or lesser
degree into the regulatory laws of several jurisdictions. While
these statements of general principles served as a guide,
engineers still require sound judgment to interpret how the
code would apply to specific circumstances. The general
principles of the codes of ethics are largely similar across the
various engineering societies and chartering authorities of the
world, which further extend the code and publish specificguidance.
The word ethics has different meanings but they are
correspondingly related to each other. In connection with that,
engineering ethics has also various senses which are related to
one another. It aims at knowing moral values
related to engineering, finding
accurate solutions to the moral problems in engineering and
justifying moral judgments of engineering. Engineering ethics
give a view of moral problems and how to
solve these issues specifically related to engineering field.
3.1 MORAL FAILURES:
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There are so many engineering disasters which are greater / he
avier than the
level of acceptable or tolerable risk. Therefore, for finding and
avoiding such cases such
as nuclear plant accident at Chernobyl (Russia), Chemical pla
nt at Bhopal (India) where
a big disaster of gas leakage, occurred in 1980, which caused
many fatal accidents. In
the same way, oil spills from some oil extraction plants (the E
xxon Valdez plant),hazardous waste, pollution and other related services, natural disasters like floods, earthquake and dang
er from using asbestos and plastics are some more cases for en
gineering
disasters. These fields should be given awareness of engineeri
ng ethics. Hence, it is
essential for engineers to get awareness on the above said disasters. They should also
know the importance of the system of engineering.
When malfunction of the system is a rapid one, the disaster wi
ll be in greater extent and can be noticed immediately. When t
hey ate slow and unobserved, the impact
is delayed. So, the engineers should not ignore about the funct
ions of these systems.
These cases also explain and make the engineers to be familia
r with the outline
of the case in future and also about their related ethical issues.
• Any product or project has to undergo various stages suc
h as planning, idea,
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design and manufacturing which is followed by testing, s
ales and services
•
This has to be done by engineers of various branches like Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical etc.
• These engineers may be grouped together as a team or th
ey may be separated from
each other with an interconnection or co-ordination.
•
Despite
of the engineers’ full attention and care, sometimes the
product or project may be unsafe or less useful.
• This may be due to some reasons
1) The product or project
may be designed for early obsolescence or
2)due to under pressure because of running
out of time, budgetary etc or
3) by ignorance on the size of the project.
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Fig3.1 : Do you think lack of morals and ethics is a cause for
degradation of engineers?
3.2 CORUPTION:
Parties involved with construction and engineering projects
are especially vulnerable for a number of reasons including:
High risk Jurisdictions:Many major construction and
engineering projects are carried out in high risk
jurisdictions.
Limited regulation:The temptation for parties to engage in
bribery and corruption is inevitably greater where there is a
perception that the risk of being detected and penalised is
relatively low.
Limited competition:The pool of parties with the capacity
to carry out and complete the larger and more complicated
projects is often quite limited. Over time, parties will
develop relationships with key decision-makers in the
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
NO MAY BE YES
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procurement process. This may present a further
inducement to become involved in bribery and corruption.
Ease of concealment:The significant scale of many projectsmakes it easier to conceal bribery and corruption. Large
sums of money transferring through complicated structures
and supply chains can provide cover for unlawful activity.
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4. FAILURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM
• Indian engineering institutes are divided into
(i) Indian institute of technology IITS which are of
national importance.
(ii) National institute of technology NIITS
(iii) Central, State, Deemed and Private university.
•
All universities (except iit&niits ) are governed bycentral authority - AICTE.
Fig 4: Major Cause of degradation.
•
India has large chunk of engineering institute in every
nook of the country above 10,000 institute.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
EDUCATION
SYSTEM
LACK OF
STUDENTS'
INTREST
LACK OF TEACHERS'
KNOWLEDGE
ALL OF THE ABOVE
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• With the growing pace of technology, India is also
trying to keep up in the race of technological
development.
•
But yet India has not able to produce a institute, which
can be included in top 150.
4.1 COACHING CLASSES:
• The industry (private coachings) is booming and
estimated to be about Rs 5,000 crore (and growing
annually at 20 percent)!
Fig4.1 :Rise in Indian Coaching Industry
• Indias biggest IT firm “Infosys” chairman N R Narayana Murthy had said that the quality of
students entering IITs is degrading year after year
due to coaching classes. Coaching classes teach
aspirants limited sets of problems, out of which a
few are asked in the examinations.
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• The classes enables students to spoon feed and teach
them tricks to beat exams.
•
In coaching classes forget about real knowledge or evendeveloping any mental abilities (besides memory) – it’s
the marks that count thus it enhances marks based study
and due to students attending coaching classes in cities,
the interest of school teachers to impart knowledge to
students has now started dipping gradually.
• why they are increasing ?-
(1) it is our education system which is to blame since it
weighs the students’ standings on the brilliance of his
score-card, practical exams are given a sufficiently lowweightage as compared to theory .
(2) Professors inthese classes teach a single concept in
many different classes. Hence they virtually have it at the
tips of their tongues. Repetition of the same concept in
the nth class having more or less the same kind of students
requires no genius. Yet, they represent youth,liveliness and energy since most of them are recent
graduates. Students admire them even beyond their academic
connections.
(3) Due to absence of the professor or lack of completion
of syllabus also forced students to join classes.
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4.2 INDIAN ENGINEERING SYLLABUS:
•
The syllabus itself is very old and nobody is taking pains
to change or modify them.
•
The board which is responsible for preparing the syllabus
is headed by oldies who are not in pace with latest trend
or they are not so specialized to take any action. Recently
there was news that vice chancellor of Mumbai
university has not proper qualification and he is heading
a big system.
•
In India normally any new technology or analysis
method in syllabus is generally adopted after 15 to 20
years later, take example of limit state method in DRSS
,according to which structures were started constructing
in around 1992, but it was included in 2012 MU syllabus.
Indian universities syllabus are unable to run parallel to
IT or industrial sector.
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• Not many structural changes have taken place in the
curriculum even though rapid developments have been
taking place continuously in the fields of science and
technology.
4.3 Mathematics and communication is weak • Acc. to TOI only 18% engineering graduates are
employable, following numbers tells the truth:- Chennai,
home to Anna University, one of the largest universities
in India with about 400 colleges affiliated to it, has an
employability rate of an awful 1%. Even the state with
the highest employability percentage, Delhi, is only at13%. Bangalore, the so called ‘silicon valley of India’ is
at a staggering 3.2%.
• Of the 1.2 lakh candidates surveyed across multiple
states, 91.82% lack programming and algorithm skills,
71.23% lack soft and cognitive skills, 60% lack domain
skills, 73.63% lack English speaking and comprehension
skills and 57.96% have poor analytical and quantitative
skills.
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Fig 4.3.1:How much would you rate level of mathematics and
communication skills of upcoming engineers ?
• The low employability among engineering graduates is
a cumulative outcome of poor education standards and
higher demand of skilled employees.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
POOR AVERAGE GOOD EXCELENT
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Fig 4.3.2: Skills desired by employers.
• There is lack of proper planning, appropriate guidelines,
and corrective measures while sanctioning new
institutions and disciplines. Thus a large number of
institutions are being established taking only profit into
consideration and with little emphasis on quality of
education.
•
In most of the engineering institutions the coursecurriculum is, by and large, theoretical in nature and
students are not made aware of the applications of the
theories in industry.
•
to enhance the skills in engineers, we can follow
embedded model:-
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the Embedded Model incorporates the soft skills in
the teaching and learning activities across the
curriculum. This model does not require students to
choose additional courses because soft skills become
the part of the learning outcomes of the respective
courses. It includes activities like questioning, class
discussion, brain storming, team work, presentation,
role play, project, field work and site visits.
4.4MARKS BASED STUDY NOT RESEARCH
OR INNOVATION BASED:
Fig4.4.1 :Does scoring based learning affects the depth of
knowledge of students?
• Cramming the things before exam and spitting it out on
examination paper is what current educational system is
teaching.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
YES NO DEPENDS UPON STUDENT
TO STUDENT
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• Our Indian education system is a closed classroom
approach. The teacher comes, starts pouring in
information. Students are seated all facing the teacher,
taking notes, absorbing information as much as they can.
Study and write the exams. Pass. Get a degree. This may
be makes us good at technical abilities, but does not
make us thinkers.
•
The assignments given quite often are routine and do not
involve any research or innovation.
• The approach to the engineering curriculum in our
country emphasises rote learning. The same set of
questions is asked year after year. If your memorisation
skills are good, you may cram and score well.
•
Our engineering students after passing four years in
college are not able to make up their mind of research
oriented, this can be clarified by following statistics:-
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Fig4.4.2 :Percentage of Ph.D. output to Graduate Engineers
Output
4.5 LACK OF SKILLS IN TEACHING STAFF:
•
One of the most important factors is the lack of goodteachers. Professors should be expected to publish and be
actively involved in research. There are several colleges
in which students who graduate join as lecturers’ right
after graduation. This will only create more and more
incompetent students leading to lower standards in the
future.
• The rapid growth of engineering institutions not only has
led to surplus numbers of engineering graduates, but also
a dramatic shortage in qualified faculty. According to a
study cited in the Rao report, an additional 10,000
doctorate holders will be needed by 2008 (report was
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issued in 2003) to adequately staff engineering faculties
across the country.
•
The extra teaching load on professors in all has led themto restrict to do research work or write technical paper
which results in further development of their knowledge.
Fig4.5 :Which factor is affecting most from the following?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
CORRUPTION COACHING
CLASSES
BASICS ARE WEAK NONE OF THESE
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5. Summary, Conclusion &
Recommendations
5.1 Summary
•
Engineers are not developed to their full potential,
according to a study by Towers Watson and the
institution of Mechanical Engineers (IME).
• There is a real concern within the engineering profession
that an increasing number of higher-education staff
teaching engineering have no industry knowledge or
experience.
•
The coaching classes enables students to spoon feed andteach them tricks to beat exams therefore required skills
lack in students.
•
Due to absence of the professor or lack of completion of
syllabus also forced students to join classes.
• Our engineering students after passing four years in
college are not able to make up their mind of researchoriented.
• The low employability among engineering graduates is a
cumulative outcome of poor education standards andhigher demand of skilled employees.
•
One of the most important factors is the lack of good
teachers. Professors should be expected to publish and be
actively involved in research.
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• Our Indian education system is a closed classroomapproach. The teacher comes, starts pouring in
information. Students are seated all facing the teacher,
taking notes, absorbing information as much as they can.Study and write the exams. Pass. Get a degree. This may
be makes us good at technical abilities, but does not
make us thinkers.
5.2 Conclusion
After referring so many papers and interviewing people our
team has concluded that, the major lagging is in the
education system. The students are running for scores but
they are lacking in skills, the syllabus is not updated with
the modern and latest technologies and methods
etc.Absence of the professor or lack of completion of
syllabus also forced students to join classes.
Besides this the students are lacking in morals which is a
big issue.
5.3 Recommendation
•
Industries should be ready to take on some students for
some part time work. Could be short duration of time,
may be 10 hours a week. This will help student learn
discipline, working in team, meeting the deadlines, and
to start thinking how to work on your own stuff.
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• Some lectures every semester should be given by people
working in the industry and not who is a full time
lecturer. This brings in a more practical approach
towards the subject being taught rather than just
theoretical.
•
Choice of doing their graduate thesis in a industry.
This is really helpful as companies would not need totrain the students for 6-12 months. They can use the
thesis to get them ready and can directly put them in
related projects. The student gets freedom to research
and learn on the topic, and becomes a near expert in
the time. This is the way how most students in Europe
get their first job. And, they are productive in a few
months if not the very first day.
•
If India aims to become more competitive in research
outcomes, the number of PhD students and faculty with
PhDs needs to be raised. Given that the majority of
faculty members have only a master’s degree, providing
them an opportunity to upgrade their degrees to PhDs
might be a realistic option for improvement over the
short to medium term while the government tries to
increase the number of PhD students coming out of the
system.
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• Attract good students to the PhD programme. How canthis be achieved?
i) Increase the PhD fellowship amount
ii) Involve industry to sponsor special doctorialfellowships.
iii) Special outreach / publicity to potential students.
•
The real challenge before the teaching community is
positioning ourselves as a neutral ambassadors in
providing necessary inputs on the employability of the
students through scientifically designed curriculum and
assessments to meet the demands multi nation companies
in today’ scenario.
• If India is to make its mark in science and engineering
education and research, it is importantthat we encourage the nurturing of quality national and
international journals andconferences. Most world-class universities have their
own presses for special book and text
publications. Some of the Tier 1 institutions should start
their transaction series and alsoplan to set up anacademic press.
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Glossary
Cognitive skills : It refers to gain meaning and knowledge
from experience and information.
Contrive : To invent, to make devices; to form designs
especially by improvisation.
Perception : Conscious understanding of something.
Lingo : Language, especially language peculiar
to a particular group or region; jargon or
dialect.
Incorporated : A type of company, a legal entity where the
ownership has been arranged into shares. A shareholder has
no responsibilities to the company and the potential losses of
the shareholder ted to the value of the stock turning to zero in
the case of a bankruptcy.
Deemed university : is a status of autonomy granted by the
department of Higher Education in the union Human
Resource Development ministry, on the advice of the UGC,
under section 3 of UGC Act, 1956. The status allows fullautonomy in courses, syllabus, and fees.
Valdez : A city in Alaska.
Thesis :A long essay or dissertation involving
personal research, written by a candidate
for a university degree.
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References
o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineer
o http://www.cengage.com/bcomm/book_content/
0324375530_lehman/model_documents/good_e
xample_long_report.pdf
o https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-reason-lots-
of-engineering-students-cant-get-a-good-job-in-
India
o http://m.rediff.com/getahead/slide-show/slide-
show-1-career-whats-ailing-indias-engineering-
education/20120912.htm&ei=bZoUpUQg&lc=e
n-
IN&s=1&m=640&ts=1442287031&sig=APON
PFkSDfbNHEenlh25ixKL6EqMz-1nIQ
o http://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2015/08/employa
bility-of-engineers-in-india/
o http://www.thenewsminute.com/lives/609
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BIBILOGRAPHY
1.AUTHOR NAME- BATCH 2 TE CIVIL2 STUDENTS.
2. TITLE OF PUBLICATION- QUALITY OF ENGINEERS-
IS IT DEGRADING.
3.DATE OF PUBLICATION- 10 0CTOBER,2015.
4.PLACE OF PUBLICATION- AIKTC
5.SOURCE OF INFORMATION-INTERNET.
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INDEX
A
AICTE,13
Assignment,21
Analytical,17
C
Communication skill,4
Code,9
Coaching industry,14
D
DRSS,17
E
Embedded model,20
Employable,17, 25
Engineering disaster,10
Ethics,9
I
IITS,13 ,15
Indian engineering institute,14
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Indian universities,17
Industries,26
Infosys,15
J
Jurisdiction,9 ,12,
M
MU Syllabus,17
P
Phd,22 ,26,
Q
Qualified faculty,23
Quality of enginners,4
R
Research,21
TTeaching staff,8
Technical knowedge,13
V
Vice chancellor 16