quan ho bac ninh
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HERITAGE TOURISM
Mrs Khong Yen Giang Tut 2 TR 08 Hanu T Ta Thi Ha 006090016
Nguyen Thi Hong Van 0806090057 Trinh Thi Doan 0806090012
Quan ho Bac Ninh-simply charming
1. Introduction
2. Insight into Quan ho
3. Significant Values
4. Things you may not know about Quan ho
5. Status and Development Recommendation
Quan ho-IntroductionUnknown about time of the birth of the Folk music , it
developed at peak in the middle of XVIII century.
Owner of Bac Ninh Folk songs : the Vietnamese (Kinh)
residing in the provinces of Bac Ninh and Bac Giang
now, living by growing rice and crafts making.
Folk music lies along two sides of Cau river, 30km far
from Ha Noi to the North.
Geographical scope : to early XX century, Bac Ninh
Folk music practices in 49 ancient Folk music villages,
(44 villages of Bac Ninh, 05 villages in Bac Giang).
Quan ho-Introduction
Attach to the custom of “kết chạ”, “kết bọn quan họ”,
“ngủ bọn”.
Exist along with the village festivals, like Lim festival on
lunar 13th January .
Quan ho gastronomy: - 2 types of betel quid: phoenix
wings betel
quid & cinnamon wings betel quid.
- Rice content with the woven trays
platters
Pretty words, nice meanings, popular but subtle,
sensitive language & rich in image & emotion; rich &
lyrical tone; smooth & unique singing technique; elegant
style - all make the beauty and attractiveness of Bac
Ninh Folk songs.
Insight into Quan ho-Terminology The old Quan ho: no music included, singers only, strictly follow discipline about manners ( choi Quan ho)The new Quan ho: music included, singers and audience, not very strict discipline (hat Quan ho)Lien anh, Lien chi : Quan ho performers. Bon Quan ho: Group of 5-6 Quan ho performers naming anh(chi) Ca, anh (chi) Hai….Le loi: ways to sing Quan ho songsGiong: different melodies used in Le loi : Le loi, Vat, Gia banCanh hat: the period of time that Quan ho performers sing Quan ho songsRen, vang, nen, nay : standards of a good singer when he(she)performs a Quan ho song.Voi-high, sin-low
Insight into Quan ho-Manners
Hat canh Happening in spring or fall Lasting from 7-8 pm until 2-3 am of the next
day ( 2-3 days)
Insight into Quan ho-Manners Hat canh Consisting 3 periods:I. First: Le loi (Co): slow, ren, nay, consisting
additional words: tinh tang, oi a, ay a ay a la a…
• After processing rituals between Quan ho hosts and Quan ho guests, performers use Le Loi to perform with each other ( 5-10 songs)
• 36 songs: Hu La, La Rang, Tinh Tang, Ru Hoi, Ngam Tho….
• La Rang: important role in Le Loi, control standards of songs and compatibility between guests and hosts
• Video clip
Insight into Quan ho-Manners
Hat canh2. Second- Vat: main part, focal point of art
standards, high compatibility between poem and music ( Quan ho cang ve khuya cang bong, cang tram, cang man nong tinh nghia)
• Various songs: Ngoi tua man thuyen, Xe chi luon kim, Hoa thom buom luon, Ba sau thu chim
3. Third-Gia ban: 12-1 am, including meals, trau cau, starting by guests when they want to come back home, hosts will keep guest back by moving melodies: Re phuong chia loan, Nguoi o dung ve, Nguoi ve bo ban sao danh….
Insight into Quan ho-Manners
Hat doi dap: festivals, meeting friends
Doi giong: Compatible music and melodyDoi loi: Compatible poem and melody
Hat hoi For fun : happening in spring and fall with the aim to welcome the seasons, festivals and making and learning from friendsFor competing: In the village, necessary for a reprentative Quan ho group to hold the award (fluent in traditional songs, being able to compose songs, professional in music and poem)
Hat le tho: happening in the communal house of the village before the competition in order to wish the community a prosperous year.
Insight into Quan ho-Manners Hat cau dao (cau mua): happening in dry season,
performed by women(who have kept themselves strictly austere) in 2 days 3 nights ( praying for rain) –La Rang
Hat giai han :praying for luck, both lien anh, lien chi, using La Rang
Hat mung: celebrating good news: passing an exam, building new house, giving birth a child…
Hat ket cha: between brotherhood and sisterhood
Insight into Quan ho-performing costume
Insight into Quan ho-performing costume
Lien anh’s costume: 2layers: white under vests and Black ao dai ao dai: lotus leaf embroidered, straight collar, big edge, large fringe, over-the-knee long. Quan dai: white, silk or satin made, smallbelt included Khan nhieu(khan xep), wooden shoes, Black umbrella
Insight into Quan ho-performing costumeLien chi’s costume: Ao mo ba mo bay: 3 or 7 ao daiinserted
Yem (lotus pink), under vest (white)ao dai( 5 parts-brown)
Small belt, soi dress, lua dress
Dep cong: buffalo-skin made
Mo qua scaft and non ba tam
Insight into Quan ho-Communication style Quan ho people: Being courteous from
costume, gesture, language, eating style to betel and glass of water.
1. Welcoming Quan ho guests 2 people bringing betel-tray to friend’s house“Năm, năm mới, tháng, tháng xuân, trước là thăm thày, thăm mẹ
chúc thày, chúc mẹ sống lâu, giàu bền, sau là thăm anh Hai, anh
Ba, anh Tư, anh Năm, đương (đông). Quan họ liền anh, chúc
đương Quan họ liền anh năm mới thêm tài, thêm lộc, sau nữa là
ngỏ lời xin phép thày mẹ, mời anh Hai, anh Ba, anh Tư.... Đương
Quan họ liền anh, đến ngày X tháng Y, đến vui hội cùng làng em,
cùng chúng em ca vui một canh cho vui dân, vui hội, cho chị em chúng
em học đòi đối lối, đôi câu..”
Insight into Quan ho-Communication style
Guests accept the invitation, treat friends with nice meals
Appointment day: hosts express absolute hospitality with preferred treatment(quality water and betel) , guests enter the house after washing faces.
Insight into Quan ho-Communication style
2. Gesture and language of Quan ho people “ Người quan họ nói như có văn có sách” Poetic language, featuring folk-song, proverb and
Kieu story..Eg: "Bây giờ gặp mặt nhau đây mà cứ ngỡ như là
chuyện chiêm bao...” Bây giờ gặp mặt đôi ta
Biết đâu rồi nữa chẳng là chiêm bao
"Thưa anh Hai, anh Ba... thật là thơm cây, thơm rễ, người giồng (trồng) cũng thơm, đấy ạ!".
Người như hoa quế thơm lừng Thơm cây, thơm rễ, người giồng (Trồng) cũng thơm.
Quan ho-humanity’s cultural heritage
30/9/2009, recognized as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO
Scope of accreditation includes 49 villages in Bac Ninh and Bac Giang provinces: Bái Uyên, Duệ Đông, Hạ Giang, Hoài Thị, Hoài trung,Lũng Giang, Lũng Sơn, Ngang Nội, Vân Khám; Tam Sơn, Tiêu Đông Mai, Đông Yên ; Bồ Sơn, Châm Khê, Cổ Mễ, Dương Ô, Đẩu Hàn, Điều Thôn, Đông Xá, Đỗ Xá, Hòa Đình, Hữu Chấp, Khà Lễ, Khúc Toại, Ném Đoài, Ném Sơn, Ném Tiền, Niềm Xá, Phúc Sơn, Thanh Sơn, Thị Chung, Thị Cầu, Thọ Ninh, Thượng Đồng, Trà Xuyên, Vệ An,Viêm Xá, Xuân Ái, Xuân Đồng, Xuân Ô, Xuân Viên, Y Na, Yên Mẫn ,Giá Sơn, Hữu Nghi, Nội Ninh, Mai Vũ, Sen Hồ ….
Quan ho-Cultural Values
Appreciate cultural values, particularly on social customs, performing arts, technical theater, cultural manners, language and dress
Enhance the position and role of heritage to society and enrich the picture of cultural diversity of Vietnam & humanity
Restore some traditional festivals which contains unique cultural identity ,cultural activities ,rituals such as Lim festival, Diem village festival
Quan ho-Cultural value
There are 213 different voices with more than400 songs
Expressing cultural and spiritual
life
Lying in the cultural, social activities of Bac Ninh Bac Giang provinces and transmitted from generation to generation and become the identity of local
people
Quan ho- Tourism Value
Attract domestic and foreign tourists travelling for listening folk songs
In 2010, BacNinh province reached 125 billion on revenue from tourism, welcomed nearly 200,000 tourists ,the annual growth rate of 17-20%
In 2015 ,expected tourism revenue :250 billion, welcomed 400,000 visitors / year
(http://www.phapluatvn.vn/giai-tri/201109/Quan-ho-ket-hon-voi-du-lich-2057864/)
49 villages are developed into tourist attractions combined with tours visiting historical sites
More investment on infrastructure (road, sanitation system) ,accommodation (3-4star hotels)
Things you may not know about Quan Ho
Quan ho originated from Ly dynasty, evolved from hat dum
Most of Quan ho songs are about love feelings: hope, missing, jealousy…(not involve love-lorn feeling)
There’s no Quan ho songs featuring farm work
There’s no anh(chi) Bay, Tam in bon Quan ho ( anh-chi Hai be, anh-chi Ba be…)
Bon Quan ho: when swearing brotherhood will be banned from getting married with each other
Things you may not know about Quan Ho
The most devoted researchers about Quan ho culture are Toan Anh, Bui Trong Hien
The most interested-in-Quan ho musician is Duc Mieng (165 songs)
The most famous Quan ho singers are Thuy Huong-Thuy Cai
The actual name of Nguoi o dung ve is Chuong vang gac cua Tam Quan
Things you may not know about Quan Ho
In 2010, Quan ho was recognized as ‘best for soul’ by Time magazine
(http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,8463,00.html)
Listening to Quan ho via telephone ,just a phone call to artists, you’ll hear them sing
Contact details: Dang Xa village club (84-1683-520-628). Hoa Dinh village club (84-95-372-3234). Dao Xa village club (84-97-633-5601)
Quan ho-Status
Since 1945: loss of artists who sing in traditional style, of singing
contest for prizes → waste the talent of song extemperation.
Talented artists are older, weaker & increasingly misleading
Classes for Bac Ninh Folksong are held for short time with cursory
program, limited financial investment → modest & relative results.
Learners just know several songs but lack time to absorb their
profound cultural elements comprehensively.
Quan ho-Status Trend of simplifying the lively & diverse gestures of standard folksongs,
custom of “chơi quan họ”, of technique of singing folksong.
Folk Music tints with trade, karaoke folksong, “tilt hat for money”
folksong.
Inappropriate space for intangible heritage at festivals: sourvenir shops,
food stores crowded along the highway to Lim hill; too many beggars
eveywhere; full of dirty waste along the main entrance.
As the stage, professionalization and commercialization of Bac Ninh Folk
Music is not synonymous with preservation of traditional arts, it is
at the brink of loss.
Quan ho-Concerns
Since 1954, local authorities are interested in preserving
and promoting the heritage value of Bac Ninh Folk Music.
From 1962 to 1966 : held 7 workshops about Folk Music.
In 1969 : established Bac Ninh Folk Music Union
Ha Bac Province set up a cultural center for collection of
their research to preserve them.
Bac Ninh province has planned the Lim hills into the
center of folk festivals to performing folksong.
Quan ho-Concerns
In 2003 : executed “The pilot project study to build a list of
typical folksong artists“
In 2004 : implemented the conservation projects of Viem
Xa folksong village.
In late 2006, organized a scientific seminar "Conservation of
Bac Ninh folksong”.
More than one hundred years, many works of research and
collection of Bac Ninh folksong have been published.
In spring yearly, both Bac Ninh, Bac Giang provinces held
singing contests to discover new voices
Quan ho- Conservation, Development and Recommendation
Classify, systematize, inventory, complete the documentation and outcome
of studies of Bac Ninh Folk music.
Build a sufficient database of talented artists, exploit and pay a well worthy
compensation along with the certificate of acknowledgment of their
contribution.
Implement the adequate care & training for the Folk artists, exploit, study &
access the elder talents awarded the “Living human treasures"
→ Significantly encourage the spirit of emulation, collaboration &
dedication of the artists
Quan ho- Conservation, Development and Recommendation
Support community to recover the practices,
beliefs and festivals related to the Folk Music,
restore the singing contest to take prizes ;
establish the content of the Folk teaching programs
in Bac Ninh families in the local communities.
Establish artist associations of Bac Ninh Folk music,
design the activity programs to teach the younger
generation.
Quan ho- Conservation, Development and Recommendation
Open a category of Bac Ninh Folk music in newspaper, radio station
of Bac Ninh, Bac Giang periodically, to promote & introduce the
value of the Folk music of Bac Ninh, Construct website for Bac Ninh
Folk music.
Raise awareness about the value of heritage through the
publication & provision of products with the Folk culture, Bac Ninh
Folk music in all forms: CD, VCD, DVD, books, leaflets,…
Create every favorable conditions for the public presentation &
interaction of Folk songs with other communities in the country and
abroad
Coordinate the tourism operators in explore & promote the value of
the heritage in a sustainable way.
Quan ho- Conservation, Development and Recommendation
Research & support community on the self-management,
implementation of teaching programs, technical Folk
singing restoration in traditional way & finding solutions
to adapt Folk to the development of the means of the
sound of the contemporary life.
Organize classes, the curriculum associated with the play
of the Folk customs & people’s habits & the traditional
Folk,…& adequate funds to support artists and
practitioners, invest for gifted students owning the
passion & desire to pursue Folk music for long term
Quan ho- Conservation, Development and Recommendation
Add the special subject about Folk songs of Bac Ninh into the
local literary program to teach at the all grades → nurture
the future artists in the art troupes or the core art staff in the
local villages.
Compile documents, organize training courses for more than
600 music teachers, union officials of the participating teams
in the form of extra-curricular with 6 sessions / year.
Offer students the knowledge of Folk costumes, making
phoenix - wing betel quid...; Set up Folk music clubs to join in
the annual festival "I love folk songs" in the education
system .
Appreciate your attention!!!