quarter one assessment study guide. what 3 ideas from monotheistic religions helped shape democracy?...
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Quarter One Assessment
Study Guide
What 3 ideas from monotheistic religions helped shape democracy?
The duty of the individual and the community to combat oppression
The worth of the individual
The equality of people before God.
Plato believed that in an ideal society the government should be
controlled by who?
Philosopher kings
What feature of modern Western democratic government is reflected in Aristotle’s views
in his quote?“He who trust any man with supreme power gives into a wild beast, for such his appetite sometimes makes him: passion influences those in power, even the best of men, but law is reason without desire…”
ANSWER: Government’s actions must follow the law.
What did Rome contribute politically to the modern world?
Laws should be written down and applied equally to all citizens.
What made Rome a republic?
Roman citizens elected leaders to make government decisions.
True or False
Jewish and Christian beliefs differ from Greco-Roman tradition in matters concerning the importance of the belief in one God (monotheism).
True
During the later part of the 1600s, England’s system of government
went from an absolute monarchy to what?
Constitutional Monarchy
What did the Magna Carta protect?
Individual Rights!!!!
Which Enlightenment thinker believed that people are selfish and
wicked?
Thomas Hobbes
Who believed that people were born with natural rights? What are
those natural rights?
John Locke
Life
Liberty
Property
Which Enlightenment thinker argued that people have the right to
rebel against an oppressive government?
John Locke
Separation of powers was developed by who?
Montesquieu
True or False
When a country’s constitution requires that branches of government remain independent from one another it is practicing Montesquieu’s “separation of powers.”
Answer: TRUE
Who believed that the best form of government was one that was freely formed by the people?
Rousseau
A social contract is what?
An agreement between a people and its government.
Which Enlightenment thinkers would best support the right of
citizens to decide the best form of government?
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Name 3 things Voltaire fought for.
Tolerance
Freedom of religious belief/speech
Reason
Name 4 beliefs of Beccaria.
Torture should be outlawed
Those accused of crimes should have a right to a speedy trial
Capital punishment should be outlawed
Laws existed to keep order.
Who argued that women should devote themselves to education?
Mary Wollstonecraft
John Locke, The Magna Carta, and the United States Constitution
helped develop what?
People’s rights and freedoms
The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights did what?
Limited the power of the monarchy
What did Thomas Jefferson write?
+ = ?
The Declaration of Independence
Who paid almost all the taxes under the Old Regime?
3rd Estate!!!
What sparked the French Revolution?
Hints: King Louis XVI offended the 1st and 2nd estate. Both King and Queen had this problem.
Excessive spending and taxes. -Financial problems.
What didn’t The Declaration of the Rights of Man include?
Rights of women!!!!!!
Who led the Reign of Terror in revolutionary France?
The Committee of Public Safety
Why was it possible for a strong leader, such as Napoleon, to take
over power in France?
There had been TEN YEARS of instability
Who used the Scorched Earth Policy? And why did they use it?
Russian troops as Napoleon invaded Russia
What was one of the outcomes of the Congress of Vienna?
Balance of Power!!!!
What was the Concert of Europe? And why did it form?
An alliance between European powers.
Formed to protect against the possibility of revolution
The United States Declaration of Independence and the French
Declaration of the Rights of Man stated that governments must
protect what?
The rights of the people
What other region in the world was affected by the American and
French Revolution in the 1800s?
Latin America
What did the American Revolution produce that the French Revolution
did not?
A lasting constitution
Which Latin American leader liberated much of South America
from Spain?
Hint: He was influenced by the American and French Revolution, and Enlightenment ideas.
Simon Bolivar
Which Latin American social/economic class led most of the revolutions in Latin America?
Creoles!!!