queensland fruit fly and the victorian cherry industry

Queensland Fruit Fly

and the

Victorian Cherry Industry

Dr Andréa Magiafoglou

Queensland Fruit Fly and the Victorian Cherry Industry

QFF: The impact of this pest is felt at two main stages

1. Before harvest – the production period

2. After harvest – through trade


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Orchard Management – GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

1. Monitoring• Extent of the problem, presence, absence• Trends, within orchards, among orchards• How effective are your management techniques

2. Orchard/Packhouse Hygiene • Fruit disposal, during the season, after the season• Weeding, pruning

3. Chemical controls• Bait sprays• Male Annihilation Technique (MAT)• Perimeter treatments, bait traps• Cover sprays

4. Post harvest management• Apply a baiting schedule for fours weeks post harvest• Dimethoate cover spray


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From the “Review of import requirements for fruit fly host produce from the mainland” – Department of Primary IndustriesParks, Water and Environment , 2011.

QFFHOSTBOTANICALNAME QFFHOSTCOMMONNAMEAccasellowiana(Myrtaceae) Feijoa

Actinidiadeliciosa(Actinidiaceae) KiwifruitAnacardiumoccidentale(Anacardiaceae) Cashewapple

Annonacherimolia(Annonaceae) CherimoyaAnnonamuricata(Annonaceae) Soursop

Annonasquamosa(Annonaceae);A.squamosaxA.cherimolia CustardappleArtocarpusaltilis(Moraceae) BreadfruitArtocarpusheterophyllus(Moraceae) Jackfruit

Averrhoacarambola(Oxalidaceae) Starfruit,CarambolaCapsicumannuum(Solanaceae) Capsicum,Bellpepper

Capsicumannuumvaracuminatum(Solanaceae) Chilli(seealsoCherrypepper,andTabasco)Capsicumannuumvarcerasiforme(Solanaceae) Cherrypepper

Capsicumannuumvarconoides(Solanaceae) TabascoCaricapapaya(Caricaceae) Papaya,PawPaw,Papaw

Caricapentagona(Caricaceae) Babaco(ripe)

Casimiroaedulis(Rutaceae) WhitesapoteChrysophyllumcainito(Sapotaceae) Starapple,Caimito

Citrusaurantiifolia(Rutaceae)(WestIndianlime) Lime(seealsoRangpurlime)Citrusaurantium(Rutaceae) Sevilleorange

Citrusgrandis(=maxima)(Rutaceae) PummeloCitruslatifolia(Rutaceae) TahitianlimeCitruslimon(Rutaceae);CitruslimonxC.chinense Lemon(seealsoMeyerlemon)

Citrusmedica(Rutaceae) Citron,TangorCitrusmeyeri(Rutaceae) MeyerLemon

Citrusparadisi(Rutaceae) GrapefruitCitrusreticulata(Rutaceae) Mandarin,Tangelo,Tangerine

Citrusreticulatavar.austera(Rutaceae) RangpurlimeCitrussinensis(Rutaceae) Sweetorange


QFFHOSTBOTANICALNAME QFFHOSTCOMMONNAMECitrusxtangelo(syn.C.reticulataxC.paradisi)(Rutaceae) Tangelo

Coffeaarabica(Arabiancoffee)(Rubiaceae) CoffeecherryCydoniaoblonga(Rosaceae) Quince

Cyphomandrabetacea(Solanaceae) Tamarillo,TreetomatoDiospyrosdecandra(Ebenaceae) Persimmon(seealsoJapanesepersimmon)

Diospyrosebenum(Ebenaceae) BlacksapoteDiospyroskaki(Ebenaceae) Japanesepersimmon

Duriozibethinus(Bombacaceae) Durian

Eriobotryajaponica(Rosaceae) LoquatEugeniabrasiliensis(Myrtaceae) Grumichama

Euphorialongan(Sapindaceae) LonganFicuscarica(Moraceae) Fig

Fortunellacrassifolia(Rutaceae) MeiwakumquatFortunellajaponica(Rutaceae) Kumquat

Fortunellamargarita(Rutaceae) Kumquat

Fragariaxananassa(Rosaceae) StrawberryGarciniamangostana(Clusiaceae) Mangosteen

Litchichinensis(Sapindaceae) LycheeLycopersiconesculentum(syn.Lycocersiconlycopersicum)(Solanaceae)

TomatoNote:Pinkandredtypesonly

Malpighiaglabra(syn.M.punicifolia)(Malpighiaceae) Acerola

Malusdomestica(Rosaceae) AppleMalussylvestris(Rosaceae) Crabapple

Mangiferaindica(Anacardiaceae) MangoManilkarazapota(Sapotaceae) Sapodilla

Morusnigra(Moraceae) MulberryMusaspp.(Musaceae) Banana,Plantationbanana

Myrciariacauliflora(Myrtaceae) Jaboticaba


QFFHOSTBOTANICALNAME QFFHOSTCOMMONNAMENepheliumlappaceum(Sapindaceae) Rambutan

Opuntiaficus-indica(Cactaceae) PricklypearOpuntiastricta(Cactaceae) Pricklypear

Passifloraedulisf.edulis(Passifloraceae)(Purplepassionfruit)Passifloraedulisf.flavicarpa(Yellowpassionfruit)

Passionfruit

Passifloraquadrangularis(Passifloraceae) Granadilla

Perseaamericana(Lauraceae) Avocado

Phoenixdactylifera(Arecaceae) DatePhysalisperuviana(Solanaceae) Capegooseberry

Pouteriacaimito(Sapotaceae) AbiuPrunusarmeniaca(Rosaceae) Apricot

Prunusavium(Rosaceae) SweetcherryPrunuscerasus(Rosaceae) Sourcherry

Prunusdomestica(Rosaceae) Plum(seealsoDamson,andJapaneseplum)

PrunusdomesticaxP.armeniaca PlumcotPrunusinsitita(Rosaceae) Damsonplum

Prunuspersica(Rosaceae) PeachPrunuspersicavar.nectarina(Rosaceae) Nectarine

Prunuspersicavar.nucipersica.(Rosaceae) PeacharinePrunussalicina(Rosaceae) JapaneseplumPsidiumcattleianumvar.guineense(Myrtaceae) Brazilianguava

Psidiumcattleianumvar.lucidum(Myrtaceae) YellowcattleyguavaPsidiumfriedrichsthalianum(Myrtaceae) CostaRicanguava

Psidiumguajava(Myrtaceae)Guava(seealsoBrazilian,CostaRican,strawberry,andyellowcattleyguava)

Psidiumlittorale(syn.P.cattleianum)(Myrtaceae) Strawberryguava

Punicagranatum(Punicaceae) Pomegranate


QFFHOSTBOTANICALNAME QFFHOSTCOMMONNAMEPyrusbetulaefolia(Rosaceae) Nashi

Pyruscommunis(Rosaceae) PearPyruspyrifolia(Rosaceae) Nashipear

Rolliniadeliciosa(Annonaceae) RolliniaRolliniamucosa(Annonaceae) Rollinia

Rubusfruticosus(Rosaceae) BlackberryRubusidaeus(Rosaceae) Raspberry

Rubusloganobaccus(Rosaceae) LoganberryRubusursinusvar.loganobaccus BoysenberryRubusursinusxR.loganobaccus Youngberry

Sandoricumindicum(Meliaceae) SantolSolanumlycopersicum(Solanaceae) Tomato

Solanummelongena(Solanaceae) EggplantSolanummuricatum(Solanaceae) Pepino

Spondiasspp.(Anacardiaceae) Mombin

Syzygiumjambos(syn.Eugeniajambos)(Myrtaceae) RoseappleVacciniumcorymbosum,V.ashei(Ericaceae) Blueberry

Vitislabrusca(Vitaceae) Isabellagrape,FoxgrapeVitisvinifera(Vitaceae)(tablegrape) Grape(table)VitisviniferaL.[Vitaceae](winegrape) Grape(wine)(seealsoIsabellagrape)Ziziphusjujube(Rhamnaceae) Jujube,Chinesedate

Area-Wide Management (AWM)

“A pest management strategy employed across a well-defined local area or region, including all fly habitats within that area, in order to reduce the total Qfly population.”

• Synchronised and coordinated control measures across all QFF habitats

• Requires participation from all community members

From Dr Penny Measham – Qfly Area-wide management coordinator –[email protected]

DEDJTR - Fruit Fly Action Plan - Regional Grants Program


QFF: The impact of this pest is felt at two main stages

1. Before harvest – the production period

2. After harvest – through trade


QFF is one of the world’s worst economic horticultural pests

States/Territories/Countries are entitled to maintain a level of protection

they consider appropriate to protect life or health within their territory.

This is called the APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF PROTECTION (an ALOP)

At a trade level, phytosanitary measures are imposed to minimise the threat posed by accidentally introducing an organism with traded goods that could

have economic, environmental or other impacts if it were to become established.


Domestic Trade

Interstate Certification Assurance Scheme (ICAs)

QFF sensitive states:

South Australia

Western Australia

Tasmania

Domestic Trade - Interstate Certification Assurance (ICAs)

ICA # Schedule Accepting States

ICA-04 Methyl Bromide - 2hrs1. 21-31.9°C @ 32g/m3

2. 16-20.9°C @ 40g/m3

3. 11-15.9°C @ 48g/m3

4. 10-10.9°C @ 56g/m3

TasmaniaWestern Australia

South Australia

ICA-07 Cold Treatment0.0°C ± 0.5°C for 14 days

1.0-3.0°C ± 0.5°C for 16 days

TasmaniaSouth Australia

ICA-21 Pre-harvest Treatment and Post Harvest Inspection

Cover spray with (a) Trichlorfon, (b) Maldison, (c) Clothianidin


ICA-23 Certification of Area/Property Freedom based on Accredited

Monitoring


Western Australia

ICA-55 Irradiation (150Gy) TasmaniaSouth Australia

Western Australia

PS-37 Yarra Valley Pest Free Place of Production


Western Australia

International Trade – Top Market Destinations (Volume)

Market YTD Jan 2016 YTD Jan 2017

Hong Kong 2177 796

China 806 521

Singapore 510 242

Taiwan 514 158

Indonesia 87 104

United States 48 94

Malaysia 209 90

United Arab Emirates 274 76

Saudi Arabia 100 68

South Korea 344 68

Thailand 128 44

Kuwait 43 43

TOTAL 5240 2304

International Trade – Export Pathways

MarketQFF Sensitive

MarketSchedule

Hong Kong No Unregulated

China YesTasmania - PFAMainland – CT

Singapore No Unregulated

Taiwan YesTasmania, Riverland – PFA

Mainland – CT

Indonesia YesTasmania, Riverland – PFA

Mainland – CT/Irradiation/MBr

United States YesTasmania, Riverland – PFA

Mainland - CT

Malaysia No Unregulated

United Arab Emirates No Unregulated

Saudi Arabia No Unregulated

South Korea Yes Tasmania - PFA

Thailand YesTasmania, Riverland – PFA

Mainland - CT

TOTAL

International Trade

Export Pathways Available for Victorian Cherry Producers

Market Export from Victoria

Hong Kong Unregulated

China By Cold Treatment only

Singapore Unregulated

Taiwan By Cold Treatment only

Indonesia By Cold Treatment, Methyl Bromide and Irradiation

United States By Cold Treatment only

Malaysia Unregulated

United Arab Emirates Unregulated

Saudi Arabia Unregulated

South Korea Closed

Thailand By Cold Treatment only




Indonesia Methyl Bromide and Irradiation




International Trade


Cold Treatment Removed




Indonesia Methyl Bromide and Irradiation




India QFF inspection

CanadaQFF OK

LBAM - MBr

European Union Unregulated

Kuwait Unregulated

Jordan Unregulated

Qatar Unregulated

International Trade


Cold Treatment Removed


Regulated vs Unregulated Market Destinations

• Shift towards tighter regulation

• Emphasis on developing workable protocols for mainland

producers

• Improvements with current schedules

• Developing new schedules

• Systems Approaches

• CO2 + Cold?


For more information on orchard management, please go to the

Cherry Growers Australia website member login area.

For more information on AWM, and the SITplus program,

https://www.citrusaustralia.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Barbour-Meesham-Ryan-Fruit-fly-NFFC-and-SITplus.pdf

Thank you

queensland fruit fly and the victorian cherry industry

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