quicktime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · network based governance relies...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 2: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
http://edition.cnn.com/2008/HEALTH/conditions/04/03/brazil.dengu
e/index.html#cnnSTCVideo
![Page 3: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Kort
film?
Ngt
om
tröskeleffekt
![Page 4: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Land use change (deforestation, urban sprawl) Rapid urbanization
Infrastructural development (esp. irrigation systems, creation of new urban ”habitats”)
Eroded health infrastructure in the 1980s and 1990s
”Quick fix” solutions create more resistant vectors
![Page 6: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
Dengue epidemic in Brazil, 2007-2008
1. Fast evolving surprise with the ability to create a crisis that cascades across system boundaries, and spatial scales
2. Complex and multilevel underlying drivers
3. Recombination potential with additional stresses, such as poverty, eroded health infrastructure creates
![Page 7: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
A New Generation of Ecological Crisis?
Avian flu (H5N1)
“Wheat rust” Ug99
Food crisis/agflation
![Page 8: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
QuickTime och enTIFF (LZW)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 9: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
No repeated global assessment of ecosystem change (c.f. IPCC)
Fragmented social, economical and ecological data – trends impossible, geographic gaps.
Economic evaluation of ES
![Page 10: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Global change in the political landscape
Decentralization”One of the most important global policy experiments””Increased problem solving capacity””Decentralization can lead to more efficient governance, better link to local context” -> higher capacity to deal with complex problems Forest co-management, water management, ecosystem management, development
![Page 11: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Public-Private Partnerships
– formalized collaboration between state actors and private/non-state actorsExpectation: more flexible and efficient way to reach political aims.Not privatization – not state controlled
Water, health, biodiversity conservation, etc.
![Page 12: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Non-Governmental Organizations
Increased number and participation of NGOs, ”think-tanks”, epistemic communities at all political levels.
Biodiversity, climate policy, fisheries policy, m.m.
![Page 13: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
International agreements
Increased influence of multilateral agreements on national policy
e.g. Kyoto-protocol, EU:s Framework Directives, Convention on Biological Diversity, World Trade Organization, etc
1960: 20 , 1990: 140, 2005: more than 700
![Page 14: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Central policy-maker (e.g. environmental ministry)
Regional or local state authorities
Local natural resource users
Decision- making
Implementation and mo
Behavioral response
Centralized decision- making
![Page 15: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Decision-making, implementation, Monitoring, partnerships
Central policy-maker (e.g. environmental ministry)
Regional or local state authorities
Local natural resource users
Decision- making, implementatio n, negotiations, partnershipsImplementation, monitonegotiations, partners
International norms, agreements
Decentraliz ation
Non-state actors
Decision-making in complex governance systems
![Page 16: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Institutions, organizations or networks?
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
WHO
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 17: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Institutions, organizations or networks?
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
WHO
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden. QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden. QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
Private Business
![Page 18: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Global Environmental Change + Global ”Governance” Change
Are they compatible? How does this affect our capacity to deal with complex, non-linear, multilevel
social-ecological systems?
What do YOU think?
![Page 19: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
High Medium Low Very Low No data/n.a.
”Good Governance” according to the World Bank:
Voice and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of
Violence/Terrorism, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule
of Law, and Control of Corruption.
![Page 20: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
High Medium Low Very Low No data/n.a.
Does ”good governance” matter for protecting vital
ecosystems?
![Page 21: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Forest Cover Change
![Page 22: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Biodiversity (bird population)
High levels of corruption
Low levels of corruption
![Page 23: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Temporal misfits
![Page 26: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Sahel region 1950s-60s
![Page 27: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
”Roving Bandits” F. Berkes et. al. 2006
![Page 28: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Cod stock collapse, Newfoundland, (Canada)Thresholds misfit
![Page 29: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Methane outburst
Biostability/ collapse Amazonian region
![Page 32: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Speed of change
Fast
Slow
Uncerta inty
Lo w
Hi gh
Spati al
distrLimite d
Very large
![Page 33: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Major governance puzzles - institutional diversity
Enhances our capacity to deal with with uncertainty and change. Elinor Ostrom: no ”blue-prints” for ecosystem management. Folke: helps us recover and innovate. ”Portfolio of
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 34: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. AInst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. AInst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. AInst. A
Disturbance
Social, technical, economical, environmental change
![Page 36: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Collapse
![Page 37: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Inst. B
Inst. A
Inst. A
Inst. C
Inst. E
Inst. D
Inst. B
Inst. F
Inst. EInst. F
Inst. C
Inst. G
Inst. C
Inst. A
Inst. 0
Inst. A
![Page 38: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
UK and the ”Mad cow disease” (BSE),1996
- surprise, decision-making under severe time stress and high scientific and
social uncertainty- Lack of central
coordination, communication between key decision makers, and to
the public, poor.
Margaret Thatchers fault!
Gerodimos (2004). Public Adm. 82(4).
![Page 40: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Financial crisis -rapid global coordination, adaptive strategies, huge investments despite cascading events and high uncertainty
![Page 41: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Financial Crisis vs Earth System Crisis
1) Earlier and similar economic crises provide a number of “lessons learned”
2) Key decision-makers and central institutions promptly identified
3) Fi i l t d idl d ith
![Page 42: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Major governance puzzles – centralization vs decentralizationDecentralized systems
+ possibility to innovate in the face of surprises, early warning, and prompt response-can be overwelmed by disturbance, fail to coordinate with other ”small” units
Centralized systems+ have overview, track long term changes, compensate for maladaptive lower units- too far away to detect early warnings, and innovate. Information
![Page 43: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Information overload
![Page 44: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
The SARS crises
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 45: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Too Good to be True?
“High Reliability
Organizations” - organizations
with the capacity to
cope with both incremental change and catastrophic
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 46: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Capacity to collect and analyze very large amounts of information, detect early warning signals, and facilitate fast coordination of large number of actors.
Decision-making dependent on the type of change in environment.
High capacity for learning after crises, strong incentives to report and take initiatives to repair
![Page 47: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Is it possible? Governing Epidemics
Bild epidemics
QuickTime och enTIFF (LZW)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 48: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Bubonic Plage, Surat (India)1994In 1994 the spread of
bubonic plague in the city of Surat deaths of 57 people, significant economic losses, and social and political effects. Over 300,000 people deserted the city (in two days!)
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
How small innovations and perceived crisis makes a
global difference!
![Page 50: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
QuickTime och enTIFF (LZW)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.”atypical pneumonia”, ”unknown respiratory disease”
![Page 51: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
QuickTime och enTIFF (LZW)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
![Page 52: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
WHOCountry A
Country B
![Page 53: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
- Collaboration between over 120 actors (governments, ministries, laboratories, NGO’s)
- prompt coordination to secure fast response
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
Global Outbreak Alert and Response N
![Page 55: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Pre-crises phase
![Page 56: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Warning Confirmation phase
![Page 57: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Warning Response phase
![Page 58: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
We are far away from such a system…WHO/GOARN
Early warnings: builds on both ”formal” and ”informal data” (GPHIN, ProMed). 1,1 million Euro/Yr
Response: Prompt in collaboration with WHO, regional offices, NGO’s, health ministries, technical labs.
Tools: coordinating arenas, adhoc groups, secure webpages, teleconferences.
UNEP Division for Early Warning and Assement
Early warnings: builds on both formal data only. Acknowledged bias and lack of data. 77,5 million Euro/yr
Response: Recommendations to governments -> slow or non-existing
![Page 59: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
No repeated global assessment of ecosystem change (c.f. IPCC)
Fragmented social, economical and ecological data – trends impossible, geographic gaps.
Economic evaluation of ES
incl. GEO-4, 'tipping points'
Is there any hope?
Yes!
![Page 60: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
International Panel for Ecosystem Services
(IPES)?
![Page 61: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Both incremental change
and
abrupt surprising change
including cascading
dynamics
![Page 63: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 64: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Eco ”tipping points”change at the tipping point sets in motion mutuallyinforcing feedback loops that propel the system on
a completely new course.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 68: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 69: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 70: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 71: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 72: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 73: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 74: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
• Innovation research tends to focus on innovations in business and technical systems
• Can they be applied for SES innovations?
• Institutional context? Policy interventions?
• Global orchestration?
Governance for innovation
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 75: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
• Solutions at the interface - technology, ecology and social sphere
• Positive ”tipping points” - escalating improvements, not only crises.
• Quality of Governance - include dynamics of SES.
• Information technology could have revolutionary impact on governance.
• Building on past successes - HRO,
Summing up
![Page 77: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
1.Vilket svenskt politiskt parti hamnar närmast tankesättet att komplexa system kräver diversitet, ständig anpassning och lärande? Varför? Varför inte?
2.Är det önskvärt att formulera ekosystemkriser som en säkerhetsfråga, dvs som en politisk fråga som ska behandlas med samma dignitet och strukturer som exempelvis internationell terrorism och
![Page 78: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Adaptive co-management
Adaptive co-management; a combinatipromotes multilevel institutional lishared responsibility between a diveactors, combination of knowledge so
as well as learning.
(Olsson et. al. 2004, Berkes et. al
![Page 79: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Example: Kristianstad (SE), Krüger Park (SA), Bali water temples (Indonesia), Tiszra
(Central Europe),…
Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination
and control, collective sanctions and reputations ->
requires repeated interactions, restricting the numbers of actors in networks, often geographical proximity.
![Page 80: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Fish and Ebola virus
![Page 81: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Fish stock decrea
se
Increa sed bushme at huntin
g
Coral reef
Agro- ecosyst
ems
Climat e
change
![Page 82: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
1. Weak signals bring about strong action
2. Decision-making dependent on type of change.
3. High investment in learning after “near-misses” and crises
Global Environmental Governance after Kyoto
Think about the political challenges…
![Page 83: QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. · Network based governance relies heavily on social coordination and control, collective sanctions and reputations](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050510/5f9ad8b6e7f94767a4403424/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
”Early response” coordinators- legal frameworks that allow actors to act (e.g. International Health Regulations)
- unhindered information flows between a diversity of actors, from local to global.
- informal, personal contacts and trust, and ”low-tech” interactions.
Not just theory…
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
QuickTime och enTIFF (okomprimerat)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.