qur’anic arabic - level 1
TRANSCRIPT
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QUR’ANIC ARABIC - LEVEL 1
Unit ٤ - Definite Article
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Homework
Unit ٣Correction
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Word Study (1/3)
رب = ر + ب + ب• Linguistic : master, owner, authority
رب المال the owner of the wealth
ار رب ال the owner of the house
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Word Study (2/3)
الرب • With ال , it refers only to Allah
• > 900 times in the Qur’an• No word equivalent in English• Set of definitions …• First ayah / Allah calls Himself :
ى خلق ٱقرا بٱسم ربك ٱل
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Word Study1. Al-Maalik : Absolute Owner - المالك2. As-Sayyid : Master - يد الس3. Al-Qayyum : Sustainer, Self Subsisting - القيوم4. Ar-Razaaq : Provider (big / small) - زاق الر5. The Creator, Lord, takes care of everything,
brings up (Tarbiyah), guides, complete authority
• our ownership ?• whale vs shrimp ?
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ClassworkAdd tashkeel (تشكيل) and translate :
القرآن كتاب
القرآن كتابThe Qur’an ~ is ~ a book
مبتدأstarter
خبرInfo
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Indefinite• Learnt mostly indefinite - end in Tanwin
رجل A man / ene missié
جبل A mountain / ene montagne
دار A house /ene lakaz
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Definite
1. Drop Tanwin + Add prefix ال2. This is the “Definite Article” in Arabic
الرجلThe man / missié la
الجبل The mountain / montagne la
الدار The house /lakaz la
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Types of Definite Nouns أنواع المعارف 1. Proper Noun الاسم العلم 2. Definite Noun with Al ( ال ) الاسم المعرف بـ3. Pronoun الضمير4. Relative Pronouns الأسماء الـموصولة5. Demonstrative Pronouns أسماء الإشارة6. First Noun in Possession contruct إضافة7. Noun addressed by Yaa ( يا ) الاسم المنادى بـ
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Detect ?
خالـد
Indefinite ? Definite ?No ال, with Tanween ?
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Detect ?
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Types of Definite Nouns أنواع المعارف ة1. د ، فاطمة ، مك محمالكتاب ، الرجل2.هو ، هي ، أنت ، أنا3.الذي ، التي ، الذين4. هـذا ، ذلك ، هـذه ، هؤلاء5.
.6 Next Slide
يا بني (Surah Luqmaan 31:16) ، يا آدم7.
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Definite
First part of Possessive phrase (إضافة)• Take neither Definite nor Indefinite article
• is Definite by position مضاف
شر ٱلوسواس The evil of the whisperer
ليلة القدر The Night of Power / Destiny
زلزال ؟ •زلزل ؟•
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Sentences (recap)1. Nominal Sentence
مبتدأ + خبرInformation + Start
2. Verbal Sentence
فعل + فاعل + مفعولObject + Subject / Doer + Verb
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Arabic Consonants• 28 (excluding ء)• Categorized into :
1. 14 Sun letters - مسية الروف الش2. 14 Moon letters - الروف القمرية
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Sun vs. Moon Lettersت ث د ذ ر ز س ش
ص ض ط ظ ل ن
أ ب ج ح خ ع غف ق ك م و ي ه
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How to memorize ? 🧐• It’s all in the pronunciation ! • Pronounce ال • Observe the position of your tongue (At the front ?) • Pronoun ش or س
• Observe the new position of your tongue • To ease the flow in pronunciation, if the tongue is at the
front for both, then assimilate the ل (laam)
• Sun letters are at the front of your teeth. • Moon letters are back of your mouth, and with your
lips.
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Back to basics• How to say in Arabic :
This is a bookvs
This book
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Back to basics• Translate : (unit 1 and 2)
ذلك كتاب That ~ is a book
ذلك الكتاب That bookNot a sentence
الكتاب مبي The book ~ is clear
الكتاب المبي The ~ clear book
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Back to basics1. Analysis (generally adjective)2. Not a sentence
كتاب مبي
الكتاب المبي
Indefinite Indefinite
DefiniteDefinite
do not use « is » in these cases
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Back to basics• How ?
كتاب مبي
ال + ( كتاب مبي )☟
ال + كتاب ال + مبيThe clear book
A clear book
Open brackets like Maths🤓
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Back to basics2. Analysis (generally nominal sentence)
ذلك كتاب
الكتاب مبي Pronouns arealways Definite
Indefinite
Indefinite
here we use « is » mostly
Definite
Definite
That is a book
The book is clear
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Back to basics• Translate :
ذلك كتاب مبي
ذلك الكتاب مبي
ذلك الكتاب المبي
Indefinite
Definite
Golden Rule : Break into sub-phrases first
Defi
nite
Indefinite
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Back to basics• Translate :
ذلك كتاب مبي That ~ is ~ a clear book
ذلك الكتاب مبي That book ~ is clear
ذلك الكتاب المبي That ~ clear book
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Exceptional case3. But then, how to say:
That is the book ? 🤨
Exception to the previous rules, quite rare
ذلك الكتاب That bookNot a sentence
ذلك هو الكتاب That ~ is ~ the bookA sentence
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Classwork
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Unit 1 - 14 - ٢:٢
لك ٱلكتـب ذ
That ~ book
Not a complete sentence
بدلمبتدأ
Substitute (not Info)
Beginning
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Unit 2 - 9 - ٥٢:١٤
هـذهۦ ٱلنار
This ~ Fire
Not a complete sentence
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Unit 2 - 13 - ١٩:٦٣
تلك ٱلجنة
That ~ Paradise
Not a complete sentence
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1 - ٢:١٧٣
إن ٱللـه غفور رحيم
Indeed ~ Allah is ~ Forgiving ~ Merciful
Particle
Info 1 Noun
ٱللـه ؟
Info 2
اسمخبر
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2 - ٨٥:١٤
وهو ٱلغفور ٱلودود
And ~ He is ~ the Forgiving ~ the Affectionate
Pro 3rd
Info 1Info 2 Beginning
خبرمبتدأ Check slide 25
use of هو
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3 - ٤٢:٢٢
ذلك هو ٱلفضل ٱلكبير
That ~ is ~ the great favor
Pro 3rd
InfoAdjective Starter
خبرمبتدأ
صفة
Check slide 25use of هو
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4 - ١:٦
رط ٱلـمستقيم ٱهدنا ٱلص
Adjective
Guide ~ us ~ (to) the straight path
Verb
Object 2
Pro 1st pl.
Object 1
مفعولصفة
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5 - ٥١:٣٧
يخافون ٱلعذاب ٱلأليم
Adjective
They fear ~ the painful punishment
Verb
Direct object
plural
مفعولصفة
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6 - ٣٨:٦٧
هو نبأ عظيم
It is ~ a great news
Pro 3rd
InfoAdjective Starter
خبرمبتدأ
صفة
هو ؟
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7 - ٧٨:٢
عن ٱلنبإ ٱلعظيم
About ~ the great news
Preposition
NounAdjective
صفة
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8 - ٣٦:٣٣
وءاية لهم ٱلأرض ٱلـميتة
And ~ a sign ~ for them (is) ~ the dead earth
Pro 3rd
Adjective DelayedStarter
صفة
خبر مقدممبتدأ مؤخر
Info(Intro)
Talking about what ?
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9 - ٤٧:٣٦
إنما ٱلحيوة ٱلدنيا لعب ولهو
The worldly ~ life is ~ only ~ a play and diversion
Adjective Starter
صفةخبر
مبتدأ
Info
Talking about what ?
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11 - ٢٩:٦٤
إن ٱلدار الآخرة لهى ٱلحيوان
Indeed ~ the home ~ (of) the Hereafter - it is ~ verily ~ the life
Particle
Info Noun
اسمخبر
AdjectiveStarter
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12 - ١٦:١٢٥
ك .. ٱدع إلى سبيل ربـ
Possessionx2
Invite ~ to ~ the way ~ of ~ your Lord ..
Verb
Object
مفعول
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12 - ١٦:١٢٥
. . بٱلحكمة وٱلموعظة ٱلحسنة
.. with wisdom ~ and good instruction
Prep.
صفة
Adjective
Lesson ?
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13 - ١٠٩:١
قل يـأيها ٱلكـفرون
Say // O! // disbelievers
Verbimp
صفة / بدل يـأيها = يا + أي + ها
Adjective /Substitute m. pl. n.
vocative particle (masc)
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14 - ٢٧:٨٩
يـأيتها ٱلنفس ٱلـمطمئنة
O! // reassured soul
بدليـأيها = يا + أية ؟ + ها
Adjective
صفة
Substitute f. sg. n.
vocative particle (fem.)
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15 - ٩٥:١،٢
وٱلتين وٱلزيتونوطور سينين
وهـذا ٱلبلد ٱلأمين
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وٱلتين وٱلزيتون
By // the fig (figuier) // and the olive (olivier)
Qassam(oath / serment)
Prep
follows
Normal conjunction / واو عطف
15 - ٩٥:١،٢
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وطور سينين
And [by] // the Mount of Sinai
follows
زيتون
ConjunctionPossessionMI
15 - ٩٥:١،٢
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وهـذا ٱلبلد ٱلأمين
And [by] // this secure/safe land
follows
طور
ConjunctionAdjective
Not affected(Indeclinable)
Substitute
بدل٩٥:١،٢ - 15صفة
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Word Revision
Questions ?Close booksبصر - بعض
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Next Week
Exercise Unit 4بين - ابنة
Du’aلامة مع الس