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TOFA value chain
Alternative sources of Fatty Acids used in Alkyds
Linseed
Safflower Castor oil Tung oil
Sunflower Coconut
Palm
Soya bean
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SYLFAT™ Tall Oil Fatty AcidsFatty Acid Upgrades
linoleic acid
pimaric acid
Reactions of carboxyl groups:Soap formationGreases, emulsifiers
EsterificationLubricants, ALKYDS, epoxies
AlkoxylationDetergentsImidazolinesCorrosion inhibitors, coatings
Reactions of double bonds:
OxidationDrying oilsSulfonationCycloadditionDimer acidsMaleic anhydride adductionPlasticizers
Carboxyl Group(“acidity”)
Measured by acid value
Double Bonds(“unsaturation”)
Measured by iodine valueoleic acid
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SYLFAT™ Tall Oil Fatty AcidsNext Best Alternatives
Source PalmiticC16:0
StearicC18:0
OleicC18:1
LinoleicC18:2
LinolenicC18:3
Other
Canola 3.2 0.9 66.8 19.0 9.1 1.0 C22:1 erucic
Castor 1.4 1.0 3.0 3.5 0.2 89.2 C18:1 (OH) ricinoleic
Coconut 9.0 3.8 5.0 2.5 - 16.6 C14, 48.2 C12, 7.3 C10, 7.6 C8
Cottonseed 22.2 2.6 18.6 54.4 0.7 0.7 C14 myristic
Linseed 5.5 3.5 19.1 15.3 56.6
OleicGrades
Technical 5.0 1.5 65.0 14.0 2.0 3 C14, 5 C16:1
Medium 3.0 1.5 74.0 8.0 <1 6 C16:1
High 1.4 2.2 87.1 4.6 -
Palm 38.0 4.0 45.0 8.0 -
Peanut 11.3 2.4 46.7 32.0 - 2.9 C20, 2.9 C22, 1.5 C24
Rapeseed (LEAR) 4.7 1.5 61.5 21.4 9.6 1.2 C22:1 erucic
Rapeseed (HEAR) 4.1 1.3 17.6 12.7 5.3 11.5 C20, 46.6 C22, 0.8 C24
Safflower 6.5 2.5 12.5 77.5 - 1.0 C20 mixed eicosanoics
Soybean 11.8 3.5 23.9 53.8 7.1 0.3 C20, 0.4 C22:0
Sunflower 6.8 4.1 15.3 73.5 0.1 0.7 C22:0
Tallow, Beef 24.0 19.0 42.0 5.5 - 3.0 C14, 0.2 C20
TOFA, US 0.2 2.4 49.6 41.9 1.8 1.6 C20, 1.3 TOR
TOFA, Scan 0.3 1.0 29.8 51.6 9.1 4.7 C20, 2.6 TOR
Active Material
SYLFAT™ Fatty Acid Specifications / PropertiesSYLFAT™
LCSYLFAT ™
FA-1SYLFAT™
2
Acid Value, mg KOH/g 196 194 196
Fatty Acids, % 98.7 93.8 96.0
Rosin Acids, % 0.7 2.5 1.6
Unsaponifiables, % 1.7 2.0 1.0
Color, Gardner 2.5 4.5 4.1
SYLFAT™LC
SYLFAT™ FA-1
SYLFAT™ 2
C18:1 (oleic acid types) 49.2 42.5 31.5
C18:2 (non-conj. linoleics) 34.8 29.8 42.7
C18:2 (conjugated linoleics) 6.4 8.7 7.3
C18:3 (linolenic acids) 2.1 2.5 10.2
Saturated fatty acids 3.8 5.7 2.5
Other fatty acids 2.5 5.7 5.1
Total fatty acids 98.7 94.9 99.2
Total rosin acids 1.0 2.5 1.5
Neutrals and non-eluting 0.3 2.6 -0.7
SYLFAT™ LC is an experimental grade for which small production quantities are available for customer pilot trials in alkyd systems.
To understand the value of our products in key markets, we are evaluating the benefits of our products based on their physical and chemical properties.
Benchmark studies providing insights on the performance of our products in different applications are performed on a regular base.
Understanding unmet needs is a critical part of product development.
Performance Chemicals: BenchmarkingPerformance Functionality Relationship
Value
Performance
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
PhysicalProperties
Performance Chemicals: Market Needs EMEA *
Performance Chemicals: Market Needs EMEA *
Performance Chemicals: Market Needs EMEA*
Performance Chemicals: Market Needs EMEA
Long oil solvent borne alkyd binder (73% solids)
Clear Coat Varnish (binder diluted till 60% solids and drier added: 0,05% Co on solids)
High Gloss alkyd paint
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SYLFAT™ TOFA product performance evaluation in a long oil alkyd binder paint system.
Formulation (73% solids)
* The exact composition is confidential.
Long Oil Alkyd Binder
Raw material Weight (%) Comments
Fatty Acid/ Oil * 1) All raw material charged into flask.N2-sparging and stirrer on. Temperature up to 200°C.
2) When temperature is at 200°C, raising gradually to 240°C.
3) When the acid number is below 10mg KOH/g vacuum is applied to remove xylene.
4) The product is diluted to 60±1% solid content with D40 and filtered.
Phthalic Anhydride (PA) *
Polyol *
Xylene *
AO *
Formulation of solventborne alkyd coating
Number of Phase Raw material Weight(%)
1 Alkyd Resin 10.00
D40 5.00
Dispersant 0.25
2 Pigment (TiO2) 26.69
Thickener 0.20
3 Alkyd Resin 46.46
D40 5.58
Mix drier 2.62
Antiskin 0.20
4 D40 3.00
Total 100
Results: Yellowing in the dark 60 days
Results: Yellowing in daylight & dark 60 days
Clear Coats: (75µ film – Byk drying time recorder)
High Gloss White Paints: (75µ film – Byk drying time recorder)
Results: Drying Time Parameters
Drying Time
SYLFAT™ FA1
SYLFAT™ LC
SYLFAT™ 2 SFFA
Dust Free (h:min) 1:33 1:43 1:13 1:10
Tack Free (h:min) 2:30 1:58 1:50 1:39
Drying Time
SYLFAT™ FA1
SYLFAT™ LC
SYLFAT™ 2 SFFA
Dust Free (h:min) 1:51 2:21 1:06 1:32
Tack Free (h:min) 3:18 2:50 2:26 2:22
Results and discussion – Hardness
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Pers
oz (
sec)
Days
Hardness Clear Coats(90 micron; Persoz)
SFFA
SYLFAT™ LC
SYLFAT™ 2
SYLFAT™ FA-1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Pers
oz (
sec)
Days
Hardness High Gloss White Paint(90 micron; Persoz)
SYLFAT™ 2
SYLFAT™ FA-1
SYLFAT™ LC
SFFA
Results and discussion – Hardness
Results and discussion – 60° gloss retention
70,0
72,0
74,0
76,0
78,0
80,0
82,0
84,0
86,0
88,0
90,0
92,0
94,0
60° /
1 da
y (da
yligh
t)
60° /
3 da
ys (d
aylig
ht)
60° /
7 da
ys (d
aylig
ht)
60° /
14 d
ays (
dayli
ght)
60° /
28 d
ays (
dayli
ght)
60° /
1 da
y (da
rk)
60° /
3 da
ys (d
ark)
60° /
7 da
ys (d
ark)
60° /
14 d
ays (
dark)
60° /
28 d
ays (
dark)
Glo
ss (
%)
60° gloss in function of time(light & dark exposure)
SFFA
SYLFAT™ FA-1
SYLFAT™ LC
SYLFAT™ 2
Results and discussion – 20° gloss retention
70,0
72,0
74,0
76,0
78,0
80,0
82,0
84,0
86,0
20° /
1 da
y (da
yligh
t)
20° /
3 da
ys (d
aylig
ht)
20° /
7 da
ys (d
aylig
ht)
20° /
14 d
ays (
dayli
ght)
20° /
28 d
ays (
dayli
ght)
20° /
1 da
y (da
rk)
20° /
3 da
ys (d
ark)
20° /
7 da
ys (d
ark)
20° /
14 d
ays (
dark)
20° /
28 d
ays (
dark)
Glo
ss (
%)
20° gloss in function of time(light & dark exposure)
SFFA
Sylfat FA1
Sylfat LC
Sylfat 2
Sustainability: Lowest Carbon Carbon Footprint
Properties SYLFAT™ 2 SYLFAT™ FA-1
SYLFAT™ LC
Initial Color * * ***
Color Stability ** ** ***
Drying Time *** * **
Initial Gloss *** * *
Hardness *** ** *
Paint Properties versus Products(Results are formulation dependent)
* Suitable for application ** Well suited for application *** Especially well suited for application
SYLFAT LCTM is Kraton’s best offer with respect to low initial color and high color stability in alkyd coatings.
SYLFAT LCTM is a better alternative combining all main properties compared to SFFA.
SYLFAT™ 2 is Kraton’s best offer when color is off a somewhat lesser importance . It combines the best film properties required by the alkyd paint.
initial drying properties
hardness development
gloss retention
Depending on what type of characteristics you are aiming for Kraton has the right product available for alkyd binder development.
Kraton’s sustainable solutions and high supply security makes it a perfect partner for the supply of high quality products for the coatings industry.
Conclusions
Kraton Corporation and all of its affiliates, including Arizona Chemical, believe the information set forth herein to be trueand accurate, but any recommendations, presentations, statements or suggestions that may be made are without any warranty or guarantee whatsoever, and shall establish no legal duty on the part of any Kraton affiliated entity. The legal responsibilities of any Kraton affiliate with respect to the products described herein are limited to those set forth in Kraton’s Conditions of Sale or any effective sales contract. NOTE TO USER: by ordering/receiving Kraton product you accept the Kraton Conditions of Sale applicable in the region. All other terms are rejected. Kraton does not warrant that the products described herein are suitable for any particular uses, including, without limitation, cosmetics and/or medical uses. Persons using the products must rely on their own independent technical and legal judgment, and must conduct their own studies, registrations, and other related activities, to establish the safety and efficacy of their end products incorporating any Kraton products for any application. Nothing set forth herein shall be construed as a recommendation to use any Kraton product in any specific application or in conflict with any existing patent rights. Kraton reserves the right to withdraw any product from commercial availability and to make any changes to any existing commercial or developmental product. Kraton expressly disclaims, on behalf of all Kraton affiliates, any and all liability for any damages or injuries arising out of any activities relating to the use of any information set forth in this publication, or the use of any Kraton products.
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