razvoj ro-ro transport a u evropi

DEVELOPMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO TRANSPORT RO-RO TRANSPORT

IN SERBIA:IN SERBIA:Ro/Ro Traffic in Corridor Ro/Ro Traffic in Corridor

Serbia - Danubean Serbia - Danubean CountriesCountries

Prof. Dr Zoran Radmilović1, Docent Dr Nenad Zrnić2,

MSc Vladislav Maraš1

1Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, University of Belgrade

2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade

DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO TRANSPORT IN SERBIATRANSPORT IN SERBIA

• The Danubean corridor is presented as the corridor VII, and with 588 km of its length passing through Serbia.

• The Serbia have favourable economic and geographical conditions for water cargo transportation in Ro-Ro traffic

• Two basic corridors are: DANUBE-EAST and DANUBE-WEST according to the geographical position of Serbia

• The results of presented study show that in general the Ro-Ro inland waterway transport is cheaper to approximately 40-50% in comparison with road transport

• This rough estimation confirms high degree of competition of Danube corridor or Ro-Ro transport according to the road transport

DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO TRANSPORT IN SERBIA - TRANSPORT IN SERBIA -

IntroductionIntroduction

• A research of the development of Ro/Ro services show that they are supported intermodal and multimodal transport chains

• On the other side, there is a general consensus in Europe that the road system, that would be necessary to satisfy future demand, is unacceptable by reason of the land taken up and undesirable impact on natural habitats and amenity and cultural environments

• Here must be the real advantage of water transport, particularly for Ro-Ro transport on Danubean navigable network, as the inland natural track

• There can be a little doubt that overall transport water transport is by far the less damaging comparing to other modes and its existing infrastructure could be used for more effectively

• It means that in the relation with sustainable transport development the Ro-Ro transport on Danubean navigable network is likely to exist as a cost-effective and energy and environmentally-friendly mode of transport with good safety record

DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO TRANSPORT IN SERBIA – TRANSPORT IN SERBIA –

Existing CorridorsExisting Corridors

• The existing corridors include so called Crete’s and Helsinki’s corridors

• These are the corridors that are going through the Serbia: Danubean corridor – corridor VII and land corridor – corridor X

• Danubean corridor is devided in two parts: DANUBE-EAST and DANUBE-WEST according to the geographical position of Serbia

• In the DANUBE-EAST corridor the Ro/Ro flows can move in directions: river-sea (Danube-Black Sea), sea-river (Black Sea-Danube) and further: Danube-Mediterranean Sea and vice versa

• In the DANUBE-WEST corridor, the Ro-Ro flows can move in directions: river-canal-river-river-sea (Danube-Danube/Main canal-Main-Rhine-North sea) and vice versa, and water corridor in whole: sea-river-canal-river-river-sea (Black sea-Danube-Danube/Main canal-Main-Rhine-North sea) and vice versa. These waterways present the spine of European inland waterways, as presented in Figure

DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO DEVELOPMENT OF RO-RO TRANSPORT IN SERBIA – TRANSPORT IN SERBIA – Ro/Ro Ro/Ro

Traffic ForecastingTraffic Forecasting

• The existing situation in the road traffic across Serbia is presented in folowing Tables

• These data concern to entry and exit and transit of road transport vehicles and road cargo flows through Serbia from/to border countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania and Croatia and other countries such as: Austria, Greece, Italy, Germany, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine, Netherlands, Czech Republic, Sweden according to the road transport vehicle registration

Table 1. ENTRY AND EXIT OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ROAD TRANSPORT VEHICLES AND ROAD CARGO FLOWS IN 2001. YEAR

Table 2. ENTRY AND EXIT OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ROAD TRANSPORT VEHICLES AND ROAD CARGO FLOWS IN 2002. YEAR



• From the Tables 1-6 we can see very high increasing of international road freight transport in Serbia. For example, total number of road transport vehicles increased for 51% between 2001 and 2002 per year or from 442 228 to 671 826 in international road traffic including entry, exit and transit of road transport vehicles.

• In the same time, the transit of road transport vehicles through Serbia from Bulgaria to Hungary and vice versa increased for 2.55 times or from 39 431 to 100 810 in number of road transport vehicles between 2001 and 2002 years. This direction is very important for Ro/Ro traffic because the Danubean corridor and this land corridor are partly coincided.


Traffic ForecastingTraffic ForecastingImport and export flows in road traffic which will be important for Ro/Ro traffic as follows:• Albania – not interested;• Austria – entry and exit of road transport vehicles or import and export of goods

from/to Serbia;• Bosnia and Herzegovina – not interested;• Bulgaria – entry and exit;• Greece – not interested;• Italy – depending on the location of entry and exit of road traffic vehicles;• Hungary – entry and exit;• Macedonia – not interested;• Germany – entry and exit;• Romania – partial entry and exit;• Russian Federation – partial entry and exit;• Slovakia – entry and exit;• Slovenia – partial entry and exit;• Turkey – partial not interested;• Ukraine – entry and exit;• Netherlands – entry and exit;• Croatia – entry and exit;• Sweden – partial entry and exit;• Others – according to estimation.



The Ro/Ro traffic can appear in following transit flows:• Albania: Albania – Hungary, Albania – Romania and vice versa.• Bosnia and Herzegovina: BiH – Bulgaria, BiH – Hungary, BiH –

Romania• Bulgaria: Bulgaria – BiH, Bulgaria – Hungary, Bulgaria – Croatia,

Bulgaria – Montenegro (Port of Bar)• Hungary: Hungary – BiH, Hungary – Bulgaria, Hungary –

Macedonia, Hungary – Romania, Hungary – Port of Bar• Macedonia: Macedonia – Hungary, Macedonia – Romania,

Macedonia – Croatia• Romania: Romania – BiH, Romania – Hungary, Romania –

Macedonia• Croatia: Croatia – Bulgaria, Croatia – Macedonia, Croatia –

Romania• Others: across Port of Bar and Montenegro: Port of Bar – Hungary,

Port of Bar – Romania



The structure of kinds of road transport vehicles is presented in the table 7.

Table 7.The structure of kinds of road transport vehicles

Type of road vehicles Participation of road vehicles (%)

Tractor – semi trailer

combination 63

Truck with trailer 26

Truck without trailer 10

Others 1

Total 100


Comparison of Road and Ro-Ro Inland Comparison of Road and Ro-Ro Inland Waterway Transport Waterway Transport

between Serbia and Germany between Serbia and Germany • In this case study we are comparing the road and

the Ro-Ro transport on Danube river between Port of Belgrade and Port Ro/Ro of Shalding at Passau in South Germany, as the centers of gravity for Ro-Ro traffic in both regions

• The rapprochement by road transport as the complement of river mode by taking over the tasks of final distributions or collection of consignees/consignors is a maximum radius of 50 km at both ports

• Available data and results presented in Table 8



between Serbia and Germany between Serbia and Germany 1. Road transport from Belgrade to Passau as the centre of gravity in

South Germany.

Ex-factory prices of tractor/semi-trailer combination: -Tractor 45000 – 50000 €-Semi-trailer 10000 – 16000 € -Total 55000 – 66000 €Typical characteristics:• minimum length 12.20 m • minimum load width 2.44 m• minimum height 4.0 – 4.5 m• required payload 30.5 t • Tractor - semi-trailer combination: - minimum length 15 – 16 m• axle load with five axles 8.0 – 13 t per axle• average load (carrying capacity) 28 t• traction power 250 kW



between Serbia and Germany between Serbia and Germany 2. Ro-Ro inland waterway transport from Port of

Belgrade to Port of Shalding:• type of ship Ro/Ro semi-catamaran • length overall 114.00 m• breadth overall 22.80 m• draught 1.60 m• carrying capacity 1530 dwt• trailer capacity • or container capacity 49 of 40 ft or 99 TE• engine output 2 x 927 kW• crew 12 peoples• service speed in deep water 20 km/h • purchase price 5 500 000 €

Table 8. Transport performances and cost prices of road and Ro/Ro inland waterway Transport between Serbia and Germany


ConclusionsConclusions

• The results show that in general the Ro-Ro inland waterway transport is cheaper to approximately 40-50% in comparison with road transport. This rough estimation confirms high degree of competition of Danube corridor or Ro-Ro transport according to the road transport.

• It is thus necessary to study now in which conditions the use of piggy-back transport will be interesting. The piggy-back transport may be competitive under operations of rail transport with block freight trains. Both Ro-Ro inland waterway transport and rail transport perform the terminal to terminal trunk line services. However, the competitive relationship between Ro-Ro inland waterway transport and piggy-back transport will change considerably in favour of Ro-Ro transport in the cases where natural waterways permitting all-year navigation are available, as in the case Danube river.

• At the end, we have to consider the selection of Ro/Ro terminals location with two alternatives: in existing ports or another location out of existing ports.

razvoj ro-ro transport a u evropi

Documents

danube corridor

faculty of transport

danubean corridor corridor

riversea danubeblack

seariver black seadanube

riversea black seadanube

danubeeast corridor

danubewest corridor