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Industry - Reading Guide Chapter (Rubenstein 8th, pp.

I. Directions: Read all four key issues of the chapter. While reading, define the

terms and give an example or explanation or a drawing of the term in your own words or

pictures.

Term Definition

Break-of-bulk

point

Bulk-gaining

industry

Bulk-reducing

industry

Cottage Industry

Fordist

Footloose

Industry

Free Trade

Globalization

Iron Ore & Pig

Iron

Industrial

Revolution

Labor intensive

industry

Low cost labor

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Reading Guide – Chapter 11 Rubenstein 8th, pp. 369 - 401 , 9th, pp. 364 - 384)

: Read all four key issues of the chapter. While reading, define the following

terms and give an example or explanation or a drawing of the term in your own words or

Definition Example/Explanation (in your own words)

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Example/Explanation (in your own words)

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Maquiladora

New

International

Division of

Labor

Outsourcing

Post-Fordist

Right to work

laws

Single-market

manufacturers

Site

Situation

Skilled Labor

Textiles

II. Short Answers: Answer the following short answer questions in complete sentences.

Key Issue 1 1. In referring to coal define coke. How is the distribution of steel and iron industry influenced by coal?

2. Why was development in transportation necessary? What two forms of transportation grew rapidly?

3. How did steam power transform the textile industry?

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4. How did the industrial revolution and factory system contribute t

5. As an example, how was the textile and garment spinning and weaving industries affected by the

Industrial Revolution?

6. Using a base map of Great Britain

(Worsley-Manchester), first iron track and iron bridge (Coalbrookdale), and first commercial railway

(Stockton-Darlington).

7. Using a base map of Europe label

Revolution. Show this on the map. Clearly

8. Which European regions were last to receive the benefits of industrialization?

Key Issue 2

9. How is the distribution of industry on the planet dramatically different to that of agriculture?

10. Compare and contrast the distribution of industry in Europe, North America

using the base maps by labeling their primary locations

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did the industrial revolution and factory system contribute to the growth of food processing?

was the textile and garment spinning and weaving industries affected by the

a base map of Great Britain label the coalfields and major areas of iron. Show the first major canal

Manchester), first iron track and iron bridge (Coalbrookdale), and first commercial railway

label the spreading of railways that mirrored the spread of the Industrial

Revolution. Show this on the map. Clearly indicate the “hearth region” of industrialization.

European regions were last to receive the benefits of industrialization?

is the distribution of industry on the planet dramatically different to that of agriculture?

the distribution of industry in Europe, North America, eastern Europe,

by labeling their primary locations

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o the growth of food processing?

was the textile and garment spinning and weaving industries affected by the

the first major canal

Manchester), first iron track and iron bridge (Coalbrookdale), and first commercial railway

the spread of the Industrial

the “hearth region” of industrialization.

is the distribution of industry on the planet dramatically different to that of agriculture?

, eastern Europe, and East Asia

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Key Issue 3

11. Location near inputs: example using

Make a brief flowchart to illustrate ho

How does energy play a role in the siting of copper mills?

12. The text describes the changing location of steel mills in the US.

• Pittsburgh, southwestern Pennsylvania

• Locations around southern shore of Lake Erie

• Southern Lake Michigan (Gary, Indiana and Chicago)

• East and West Coasts (Trenton, NJ and Los Angeles CA)

• Current production - Why are the newest steel mills (mini

markets and away from inputs?

12. Give reasons for which each of the following modes of transportation might be selected by a manufacturer to

RAIL

TRUCK

AIR

SHIP

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using the Copper Industry.

a brief flowchart to illustrate how copper is an example of bulk

does energy play a role in the siting of copper mills?

The text describes the changing location of steel mills in the US. Explain why each location was preferred.

Pittsburgh, southwestern Pennsylvania

ocations around southern shore of Lake Erie

Southern Lake Michigan (Gary, Indiana and Chicago)

East and West Coasts (Trenton, NJ and Los Angeles CA)

Why are the newest steel mills (mini-mills) beginning to move closer to

rom inputs?

reasons for which each of the following modes of transportation might be selected by a manufacturer to

deliver their products to market.

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bulk-reducing industry.

each location was preferred.

mills) beginning to move closer to

reasons for which each of the following modes of transportation might be selected by a manufacturer to

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13. What are the three production cost factors associated with the site of an industry? (Memorize them.)

14. What factors about a given piece of land make it attractive to industry and manufacturing?

15. List five facts about the textile industry worldwide.

16. Create a flowchart to depict where and why the US textile industry has moved historically.

17. How do local communities and national governments attract industry by providing financial incentives?

Key Issue 4

18. What is stagnant demand? Give three reasons for the growth of stagnant demand. Why has global industrial

capacity increased despite stagnant demand?

19. Sketch two simple pie graphs below showing global steel production for 1975 and 2000 (The outer circle on

each graph should be identical in size since total output in both years was approximately equal. The two

divisions of the pie graphs will be “MDC production” and “LDC production.”)

20. Give two reasons for which governments (particularly in Europe) are willing to subsidize steel mills to keep

them operating in the face of declining demand.

21. Complete the chart below

Change in steel production: 1973-2002

Countries which decreased the most Countries which increased the most

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22. What are the three main trading blocs in the world? In general, how do they encourage cooperation among

their respective members?

23. Identify a way in which each of the following trading blocs has restricted others from encroaching upon it:

European Union

Japan

USA

24. In terms of the US steel industry, what did the US do between 1982 and 1992? How did this affect US steel

workers?

25. Give an example of a regional disparity in several regions by completing the table below.

Regional Disparities of Wealth Distribution

Wealthy region Poor region

Europe

France

United Kingdom

Sweden

United States

26. Describe each of the following problems faced by LDCs as they consider industrializing.

World markets

Infrastructure

27. How is labor an advantage in LDCs?

28. Where in the world are the new industrial regions occurring and why?

Local PNW Issues

29. What are the principal manufacturers in our community and how have they been affected by increasing global

competition?

30. There are regional differences of Japanese cars as you get further away from the coast and towards the mid

western United States. What might account for these differences?

After completing this chapter you should be able to:

• Explain the Industrial Revolution by describing it origin, describing its diffusion and its current pattern of industrial

regions.

• Map regional manufacturing zones in different regions showing their specific strengths.

• Compare and contrast pre-industrial, industrial, and post-industrial life and landscapes.

• Describe how site and situation factors influence the location of manufacturing and give examples.

• Discuss the problems created by industrialization in developed countries and developing countries.

• Make graphic models that describe the inputs and connections of various industries.