reconstruction chapter 4.3 notes #7. “ let a great earthquake swallow us up first! let us leave...
TRANSCRIPT
ReconstructionChapter 4.3
Notes #7
“Let a great earthquake swallow us up first! Let us leave our land and emigrate to any desert spot of the earth, rather than return to the Union.”- White Southern Woman
After the war,
Most southern whites still disliked the union and African Americans
Where as Southern blacks believed they had gained equal rights
The Old South Destroyed
The war left cities in the south in ruins
“A wilderness of crumbling walls, naked chimneys,And trees killed by flames.”
Disease had also spread through the area causing thousands of deaths
The war had also shattered the south’s economy
• Most confederate soldiers were left w/ out a job
• Farmland had been ruined
• 4 million emancipated slaves were homeless
Emancipation Proclamation
• Lincoln declares an end to slavery.
• Emancipation Proclamation Video
•Most of these freedman had hoped to be able to live their own lives
Buy land, legalize their marriage, build churches and schools, be free
•General Sherman had ordered part of S.Carolina to be divided into 40 acre parcels and given to freedmen
Pair Share
• What was the state of the south after the Civil War?
President Lincoln and Reconstruction•Goal was to preserve the Union•Even before the war’s end he had been planning for reconstruction
-Rebuild the former conf. states & reunite the Union • granted amnesty to
rebels
Pair Share
• What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?
Lincoln’s assassination
•Lincoln’s goals of reconstruction were never achieved
•April 14, 1865- shot by John Wilkes Booth
-Confederate sympathizer
•The assassination of Lincoln increased the distrust between the North and the South
John Wilkes Booth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curse_of_Tippecanoe
Pair Share
• How do you think Lincoln’s assassination effected the course of history in the United States?
President Johnson and Reconstruction
•Lincoln’s V.P.
A democrat, from a poor family, Tennessee
•Favored a gov. controlled by white citizens
•Johnson’s plan was for all southern states nullify their acts of secession, & abolish slavery
•Southerners supported Johnson’s plan because it allowed southerners to take charge of reconstruction
Confederate soldiers were now dominating state legislatures
These new lawmakers made sure that new state constitutions did not grantVoting rights to freemen
When lawmakers complained of African American soldiers in the south, Johnson had the troops removed
President Johnson’s actions encouraged former confederates to adopt laws limiting freedom of African Americans
Black Codes
Prevent African Americans from achieving social, political, and economic equality
Could not hold meeting w/out a white present
Could not own a gun, attend schools w/ whites, or sit on a jury
“Without slaves to do the work, our fields lie untilled.”
•To get freedmen back in the field, some codes made it illegal for freedpeople to live in a town without being a servant
•They had to obtain a special license to be able to work in a skilled profession
The codes also allowed Judges to determine whether African Americans could support their children
If not, the children were hired out
•African Americans soon realized that the emancipation had not improved their lives
“If you call this freedom, what do you call slavery?”
Although African Americans believed these laws were a disgrace to civilization there was nothing they could do
No political power
Had to accept the laws in order to survive
Northerners saw this as an attempt to re- establish slavery
Pair Share
• What were the Black Codes and what did they attempt to do?
Sharecropping
Under this system, a farmer worked a parcel of land in return for a share of the crop, a house, seed, tools, or a horse.
Enabled planters to get their land worked even when they had no money
Gave laborers a place to live and land to work without strict supervision
Most poor white and all African Americans worked as sharecropper
14th Amendment
Required states to grant citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States
Election of 1868
Ulysses S Grant (republican)
15th AmendmentProtected voting rights of African American males
Pair Share
• What did the 14th and 15th amendment do and why were the necessary?
Scalawags
White Southerners who wanted reconstruction of the south
Carpetbagger
White Northerners who went to the south to help w/ reconstruction
13th, 14th ,& 15th Amendments
1. Be able to define each Amendment.
Essential Question
2. How were rights gained by African Americans under the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments limited by society after Reconstruction?