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Redside Dace Recovery Strategy

Fluvial Geomorphology Study

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Literature Review 2 3.0 Site Comparisons 3 4.0 Field Work 4 5.0 Assessment of Sites Known to 5 Contain Redside Dace Populations 6.0 Comparison of Parameters for both 13

Groups Studied 7.0 Summary 16 8.0 Recommendations 18 References 20 Appendix A, Data Compilation and Statistical Analysis Appendix B, Sites without Redside Dace populations

Redside Dace Recovery Strategy Ontario Streams Fluvial Geomorphology Study

1.0 Introduction

The Redside Dace Recovery Team is developing a Redside Dace Recovery Strategy to protect

and improve habitat and productivity of redside dace (Clinostomus elongatus) populations, in

Southern Ontario. One component of this multi-disciplinary strategy is a fluvial

geomorphological assessment in order to characterize physical habitat suitability and preferences.

PARISH Geomorphic Ltd. has undertaken the task of acquiring fluvial geomorphological data to

identify whether redside dace prefer a unique set of habitat parameters. A literature review was

completed to identify the historical information available regarding redside dace’s geographic

distribution, feeding practices and habitat requirements. From this research, a list was compiled

of watercourses that historically have shown to contain populations of redside dace. Two

groupings of sites were then reviewed based on the amount of geomorphic data available. The

first grouping consisted of sites where detailed geomorphic data has historically been collected by

PARISH Geomorphic Ltd. The second grouping housed sites that were identified, in consultation

with the Recovery Team, as good sites for data collection, geared specifically towards redside

dace habitat issues. Field assessment of these additional sites was completed and analyzed in

conjunction with the first group of data. All of the information was then compared and analyzed

for unique habitat features that may be specific to redside dace habitat suitability. The collected

field data was used to characterize a range of physical habitat attributes, and related catchment

and hydrologic conditions. Based on the results of habitat characterization, detailed assessment of

habitat suitability and preferences was completed.

The sites described above were then compared with detailed sites previously sampled in the

Greater Toronto Area that have never shown to contain redside dace populations. The results

from all comparisons were then analyzed for correlation using linear regression and the Mann-

Whitney test for statistically significant differences for all groupings sampled. The results from

the analysis were then graphed and conclusions were drawn based on the comparison between the

two sampling groups, those known to have redside dace populations, and those without.

A summary of results was then undertaken and conclusions were drawn with respect to physical

habitat. Recommendations were also made for future studies.

PARISH Geomorphic Ltd. 1


2.0 Literature Review

Redside dace is listed nationally by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in

Canada (COSEWIC) as ‘Special Concern’, and is also considered provincially ‘Threatened’ by

the MNR. Based on recent studies of redside dace population dynamics, the species is considered

to be in decline. In Southern Ontario the redside dace is classified as an intolerant coldwater

species (Trimble et. al. 1999). It has been characterized with Index of Biotic Integrity scoring

higher than commonly known coldwater indicator species such as brook trout (Morris 2000). The

redside dace has a discontinuous distribution of isolated populations and is principally found in

the rural headwater areas of western Lake Ontario tributaries, with minor representation in Lake Erie and Lake Huron tributaries. It is felt that the species is forced to survive in headwater areas

because habitat degradation has extirpated it from mid and lower stream reaches (Parker et. al.

1988).

The available scientific literature on redside dace is not extensive. Within the literature, the

quantity and quality of habitat characterization is primarily limited to the adult life stage, in

temperate summer conditions of the Northeastern United States and Southern Ontario. Much of

the literature presents observational descriptions of habitat, sometimes but not always supported

by data. A simple descriptive model of adult life stage summer range habitat, based on the

literature, is as follows.

Redside dace are found in low order headwater streams characterized by low to

moderate gradient and measurable overhanging vegetation. Riparian conditions are

commonly pasture, field, and thicket, and sometimes forest. Channel depths are typically

less than one metre with low to tranquil velocities through a mix of pools and riffles.

Channel substrate can range from fine sediment to cobble and boulders, however gravel

bed habitat appears to be the most common. Preferred temperatures are in the coolwater

range of 14 to 23 ºC, and sensitivity to turbidity, either due to physiologic stress or due to

site feeding behaviour, is noted.



Based on the literature, redside dace appear to prefer a wide variety of habitat characteristics,

which can also be said for an array of fresh water fish species in Ontario streams. Therefore, a

more detailed analysis of the stream characteristics is required to identify any geomorphic

relationships indicative of functional habitat that is unique to redside dace. This study has

therefore attempted to collect more detailed geomorphic data for the streams known to contain

populations of redside dace to determine whether functional habitat relationships are present.

Table 1 highlights the available data from the existing literature.

Table 1: Literature Review Summary

DA D* W* S V Q Substrate

(km2) (m) (m) (m m-1) (m s-1) (cms) spawning general Becker, 1983 0.3 4.5 si-bdrck Daniels & Wisniewski, 1994 (site 1) 97 0.53 5 0.0137 0.09 0.0237 gr-b (site 2) 51.3 0.4 5 0.0254 0.11 0.0214 gr-b Eisenhour, 2002 2 s-b Goforth, 2000 s-bdrck Holm & Crossman, 1986 si-b Koster, 1939 0.5 4 gr gr-b McKee & Parker, 1982 1 5 cl-b Meade, 1986 s-gr Novinger & Coon, 2000 (site 1) 0.75 2 si-s (site 2) 0.5 1 si-c (site 3) 1 7 si-c Parker, et. al., 1988 Schwartz and Norvell, 1958 0.6 9.1 s-gr s-gr Averages 74.15 0.67 4.73 0.019 0.1 0.0226 * - mean values shown, where a range is presented in the literature DA - drainage area si - silt D - depth cl - clay W - width s - sand S - channel gradient gr - gravel V - velocity c - cobble Q - discharge b - boulder bdrck - bedrock

3.0 Site Comparisons

For the past six years PARISH Geomorphic Ltd. has been collecting fluvial geomorphic field data

for a large number of Ontario watercourses. This database of sites was compared against the

information provided by the Redside Dace Recovery Team, and a list of similar sites was



produced. Additional sites where highlighted by Ontario Streams and the Recovery Team, as

areas for future data collection and analysis. Detailed field data was then collected for each of

these additional sites. All of the data was analyzed for specific habitat characteristics that would

highlight redside dace habitat preferability. Table 2 illustrates the two groupings of redside dace

sites described above.

Table 2. A list of all redside dace sites where geomorphic field data has been collected.

Sites Corresponding with Areas known to

historically have Redside Dace Populations

Additional Sites highlighted by the Redside

Dace Recovery Strategy Steering Committee

Springbrook Creek 14 Mile Creek Site 1

Fletcher’s Creek Sw2 14 Mile Creek Site 2

Fletcher’s Creek Sw4 Purpleville Creek

West Humber River Site GHU 10 Don River Site D3

West Humber River Site GHU 11 Don River Site D7

West Humber River Site GHU 24 East Branch of Don River

East Humber River Rouge River

Berczy Creek

Bruce Creek

Tributary of Little Rouge River

Robinson Creek

4.0 Field Work

Detailed geomorphic habitat data has been collected for 18 locations that have shown, in the past

to contain populations of adult redside dace. The sites were felt to be an unbiased representative

sample of all the known sites in Southern Ontario. The study sites represent summer range

habitat, characterized by permanent base flow. Base flow is thus sufficient at each site to provide

minimum hydraulic habitat standards of width, depth, and velocity.

Reference reach surveys were undertaken at each site, whereby channel substrate and bank

vegetative conditions were inventoried. As well, ten representative cross sections were

completed and the channel profile and channel planform were analyzed. Channel substrate was

analyzed to determine if the bed substrate in these representative reaches offered something



unique to redside dace. Bank vegetation was inventoried to determine whether the type, and or

density, of bank vegetation was key in emphasizing suitable redside dace habitat. In this study,

mesoscale habitat features were defined as a discrete habitat separation between pool and riffle

bed forms. Data summaries were prepared for each pool or riffle feature, in terms of length,

width, maximum depth, average depth, and substrate D84 value. As well, the pebble counts

collected at each site were also analyzed to determine whether the redside dace habitat

preferences were highlighted by a large cumulative percentage of fine sediments, larger

sediments, or something in between the two. These data summaries are incorporated within

Appendix A. The historical sites were completed in the same manner.

5.0 Assessment of Sites Known to Contain Redside Dace Populations

The feeding behaviour of redside dace is a unique trait characterized by reliance on terrestrial

flying insects. The fish feeds on insects either at the surface or by leaping several centimeters

over the water’s surface. From this, there appears to be a clear need for overhanging stream side

vegetation as the support habitat for the insect food base. Therefore, the first step in the field data

analysis was to create a simple presence/absence matrix of bank vegetation information collected

at each of the 18 combined sites. The results from this analysis should provide perspective on the

key vegetative components that make up these representative redside dace habitats. The results

are listed below in Table 3, as percentages of the total number of overall sites analyzed. The

presence of undercut banks was also tabulated as it was indicated in the literature that redside

dace may prefer creeks/rivers with undercut banks that offered protection from predators.

Table 3. Bank Vegetation Analysis.

P/A Undercuts

%

trees

%

shrubs

%

tall herbs

%

short herbs

%

tall grasses

%

short grasses

%

woody debris

% Present 56 50 50 100 39 89 28 39 Absent 44 50 50 0 61 11 72 61

The results of this assessment indicate that redside dace will prefer areas that have tall herbaceous

vegetation and tall and short grasses along their banks. This result is not surprising considering

the bulk of the diet of redside dace consists of the aerial insects requiring the tall and short grasses

and tall herbaceous materials for most of their life cycles (Daniels and Wisniewski, 1994).

Therefore, the vegetation offers a reliable food source for redside dace.



Bank height, type and density of the vegetation were also collected at each of the 18 sites to

identify any key channel parameters that were indicative of redside dace habitat. The results of

this assessment are outlined in Table 4.

Table 4. Bank Analysis.

Bank Height Bank Type

*

% of Bank Covered

by vegetation

Maximum 3.00 3.30 74.00 Average 2.11 1.39 38.80 Minimum 2.00 0.90 10.00 Standard Deviation 0.33 0.52 24.52 “*”- bank type was characterized as one of 6 options, 1= simple, 2= complex, 3= Vertical, 4=

overhanging, 5= valley, or 6= other.

According to the results of this analysis, suitable redside dace habitat should consist of complex

banks with an average bank height of 2.11 m (+/- 0.33 m) that are, on average, 39% covered by

vegetation.

A watershed based assessment was then undertaken to provide perspective on integrated

hydrodynamic conditions that can be attributed to redside dace habitat. Drainage basin analysis

was done using a range of catchment diagnostics. Given that only 18 sites were assessed in this

regard, the results of the analysis can only serve as a starting point in terms of average values and

range of values that define summer season adult redside dace habitat.

Detailed catchment measurements were digitized from N.T.S. SoftMap digital topography for

Southern Ontario, and topographical maps of scale 1:50,000. Table 5 provides the summary

results from the catchment analysis.



Table 5: Catchment Analysis

Creek DA P SO TSL Nu1 SD DF CCM (km2) (km) (km) (kmkm-2) (km-2) (km2km-1)

14 MC 1 2.9 8 2 8.51 7 2.93 2.41 0.34 14 MC 2 19.4 19.68 3 35.62 21 1.84 1.08 0.54 Springbrook Creek 2.15 8.34 2 4.01 4 1.87 1.86 0.54 Fletcher's Creek Sw2 41.26 37.91 3 18.37 17 0.45 0.41 2.25 Fletcher's Creek Sw4 17.75 21.35 4 12.13 14 0.68 0.79 1.46 West Humber Site1 54.13 39.05 4 21.43 85 0.40 1.57 2.53 West Humber Site 2 187.58 75.71 4 55.03 122 0.29 0.65 3.41 West Humber Site 3 93.25 56.23 3 24.32 49 0.26 0.53 3.83 East Humber 60.9 40.3 3 50.46 22 0.83 0.36 1.21 Purpleville Creek 31.44 21.55 3 12.98 28 0.41 0.89 2.42 Don River Site 1 32.63 22.45 4 16.2 25 0.50 0.77 2.01 Don River Site 2 37.27 26.4 4 11.65 27 0.31 0.72 3.20 East Branch Don River 13.5 20 3 27.04 13 2.00 0.96 0.50 Rouge River 33.9 25.3 4 66.03 27 1.95 0.80 0.51 Berczy Creek 22.29 15.71 4 11.32 13 0.51 0.58 1.97 Bruce Creek 31.48 19.51 3 15.97 12 0.51 0.38 1.97 Trib. of Little Rouge 4.65 2.87 3 5.5 8 1.18 1.72 0.85 Robinson Creek 11.75 13.81 3 13.79 8 1.52 0.88 0.66

Max 187.58 75.71 4.00 66.03 122.00 2.93 2.41 3.83 Mean 38.79 26.34 3.28 22.80 27.89 1.02 0.96 1.68

Min 2.15 2.87 2.00 4.01 4.00 0.26 0.36 0.34 Std Dev. 43.56 17.98 0.67 17.78 30.16 0.80 0.57 1.11

Where, DA – drainage area, P – drainage perimeter, SO – stream order, TSL – total stream

length, Nu1 – number of first order streams, SD – stream density, DF – drainage frequency, and

CCM – coefficient of channel maintenance.

Catchment analysis shows stream density and drainage frequency as highest, and the coefficient

of channel maintenance as lowest, for the smallest watershed. This is not unexpected as the

results define typical headwater conditions in a low order stream. Conversely, the largest

watershed area shows the lowest stream density and drainage frequency, and highest coefficient

of channel maintenance. This displays the expected relationship as watershed area increases. The

results of this assessment step show a wide range of catchment related diagnostics that might be

applied to redside dace habitat characterization. Given the relatively high difference in values of

some of these parameters, the range of results is somewhat understandable. The results potentially

show the start of definable relationships, or at least a range that can be used for comparison to

other sites.



Because the drainage basins of the streams containing (or historically containing) redside dace

populations consist of varying degrees of urbanization, the Drainage Basin Permeability was

analyzed for each of the sites that historically contained redside dace populations to determine if

urbanization plays a significant role in what will make good redside habitat. Table 6 depicts the

results of this comparison.

Table 6. Drain Basin Permeability Table.

Creek DA P DAurb % DAurb (km2) (km) (km2) 14 MC 1 2.9 8 0 0.00 14 MC 2 19.4 19.68 1.9 9.80 Springbrook Creek 2.15 8.34 0.06 2.79 Fletcher's Creek Sw2 41.26 37.91 16.06 38.92 Fletcher's Creek Sw4 17.75 21.35 0.11 0.62 West Humber GHU10 54.13 39.05 3.21 5.93 West Humber GHU11 187.58 75.71 22.12 11.79 West Humber GHU24 93.25 56.23 26.51 28.43 East Humber 60.9 40.3 6.6 10.80 Purpleville Creek 31.44 21.55 2.05 6.52 Don River D3 32.63 22.45 7.62 23.35 Don River D7 37.27 26.4 4.05 10.87 Don River East branch 13.5 20 0.9 6.70 Rouge River 33.9 25.3 2.8 8.30 Berczy Creek (R11) 22.29 15.71 2.3 10.32 Bruce Creek (R17) 31.48 19.51 1.18 3.75 Trib of Little Rouge (R32) 4.65 2.87 0.04 0.86 Robinson Creek (R24) 11.75 13.81 1.25 10.64 Max 187.58 75.71 26.51 Mean 38.79 26.34 5.49 Min 2.15 2.87 0.00 Std Dev. 43.56 17.98 7.90

Where DA = drainage area, P= drainage basin perimeter, DAurb=the amount of urban drainage area, and %DAurb =

the percentage of the basin experiencing urban drainage.

The results from this analysis would suggest that the redside dace prefer channels that are not

heavily influenced (mean of 5.49%) by urban drainage occurring in the basin. The maximum

percentage of the urban influence occurring in the sites with redside dace was 26.51% ∓ 7.9.

However, one site was also unaffected by any urban drainage changing the basin permeability

(Minimum 0 %). Therefore, it can be assumed that redside dace are more sensitive to water

quality and temperature changes that could be linked to urbanization of its drainage basin.



The third step in this analysis consisted of analyzing flow data for each of the 18 sites. Bankfull

and low flow discharge calculations were completed using representative cross sections of each

of the detailed sites. Discharge flows were calculated using erosion equations based on formulae

from Limerinos (1970) and Strickler (1923). Flow yield ratio tests were then preformed and the

results analyzed to determine whether there was a relationship between drainage area and

discharge. The results of this analysis are outlined in Table 7.

Table 7. Flow Analysis for all 18 sites.

Creek Name DA Qbf Qlow Qlow/Qbf BY LFY km2 cms cms cms/km2 cms/km2 14 Mile creek Site 1 2.9 1.53 0.04 2.61 0.53 0.014 14 Mile creek Site 2 19.4 7.76 0.36 4.64 0.40 0.019 Spring brook Creek 2.15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Fletcher's Creek SW2 41.26 4.16 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.000 Fletcher's Creek SW4 17.75 2.15 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.000 W. Humber GHU10 54.13 6.21 2.15 34.59 0.11 0.040 W. Humber GHU11 187.58 8.12 0.07 0.89 0.04 0.000 W. Humber GHU24 93.25 5.56 1.67 30.01 0.06 0.018 East Humber River 60.9 5.60 0.19 3.39 0.09 0.003 Purple Ville Creek 31.44 7.18 0.17 2.37 0.23 0.005 Don River D3 32.63 8.00 1.63 20.38 0.25 0.050 Don River D7 37.27 4.31 2.11 48.94 0.12 0.057 East Branch Don River 13.5 4.72 0.12 2.54 0.35 0.009 Rouge River 33.9 3.26 0.18 5.52 0.10 0.005 Breezy Creek R11 22.29 2.03 0.03 1.53 0.09 0.001 Bruce Creek R17 31.48 3.98 0.37 9.32 0.13 0.012 Tributary of Little Rouge R32

4.65 0.57 0.04 6.45 0.12 0.008

Robinson Creek R24 11.75 4.74 0.82 17.30 0.40 0.070 Maximum 187.58 8.12 2.15 48.94 0.53 0.07

Averages 38.79 4.70 0.59 11.22 0.19 0.02 Minimum 2.15 0.57 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00

Std Deviation. 43.56 2.31 0.78 14.32 0.14 0.02 Where DA= drainage area, Qbf = bankfull flow discharge, Qlow = low flow discharge, BY = bankfull yield and LFY =

low flow yield.

The flow analysis shows that low flows range from less then 1L per square kilometer, up to 70 L

per square kilometer. On average this is about 11% of the bankfull flow. Regression analysis of

the results shows an increase in bankfull discharge with an increase in drainage area, typical of

most streams. The same result occurred for low flow discharge and drainage area. Inversely, as

the drainage area increased, the bankfull and low flow yields decrease, also typical of Ontario



streams. These results illustrate that there does not appear to be any unique ratios that would

characterize specific redside dace habitat.

The next detailed assessment step explored the potential association between feeding ecology and

physical habitat. As mentioned previously, the redside dace have a unique feeding behaviour

where in the fish leaves the water column to prey on terrestrial insects. Based on this association

it may be reasonable to assume that relatively wide or relatively short low flow pools are the

limiting factors in what makes good redside dace habitat. Compared to narrower and longer

pools that would theoretically maximize edge contact with vegetation, the over-widened or

narrow low flow pools only display minimal contact with the banks. Simple channel width

observations used to identify redside dace habitat, as presented in the literature, are too simplistic

to support or corroborate this concept. As a result, the approach taken in this study was to

compare low flow width to length ratios as suitability indices. In turn, maximum and average

depths were compared to length and width ratios. This might theoretically show that redside dace

show a preference for relatively shallow streams that are conducive to both narrower widths and

long low gradient pools, which again would maximize the association with overhanging

vegetation.

Based on the field survey data, low flow pool and riffle lengths, widths, and depths, were charted

and ratios calculated. Maximum, minimum, mean, and standard deviation values were determined

and ratios were tested for correlation using linear regression, and the Mann-Whitney test of

statistical difference in the means of two populations. Data was generated for all sites grouped

together, and for pools and riffles grouped separately. Appendix A presents the statistical analysis

and detailed linear regression results, incorporated within the data compilation. Table 8 presents

the summary results of the length, width, and depth relationships.

The detailed and summary results of length, width, and depth relationships clearly show a wide

data scatter, and weak central tendency with high standard deviation. The detailed linear

regression analysis and the Mann-Whitney test confirm the results of the regression analysis.

For the riffles and pools combined, the wetted width to mean and maximum depth ratios showed

moderate correlation. It was noted that the wetted width on average, increased as the mean or

maximum depth increased. This response is typical for all streams. As well, the wetted width to

length, length to depth (both maximum and mean) and the maximum to mean depth ratios all



showed the same moderate correlation as the wetted width to depth ratio. Again, these responses

are the typical results expected for all streams.

Table 8. Summary Results of Length, Width, and Depth Relationships.

L WW D d L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d D/d

All Sites Combined MAX 68.20 11.25 1.04 0.60 45.09 391.67 620.00 93.75 266.00 15.38MIN 1.00 0.37 0.02 0.01 0.50 5.56 9.09 3.91 5.19 1.13 MEAN 13.81 4.31 0.35 0.22 4.11 53.01 91.74 16.27 29.70 1.79 STD. DEVIATION 9.28 2.24 0.21 0.13 4.69 52.66 100.40 13.54 34.24 1.48

Pools MAX 68.20 10.84 1.04 0.60 20.27 152.86 425.00 25.43 144.69 15.00MIN 3.00 0.75 0.07 0.03 0.52 5.56 9.61 3.91 5.19 1.13 MEAN 16.17 4.58 0.44 0.28 4.23 41.87 69.94 11.07 19.16 1.72 STD. DEVIATION 9.54 2.20 0.20 0.12 3.18 24.85 55.50 4.63 15.81 1.32

Riffles MAX 30.40 11.25 0.63 0.43 45.09 391.67 620.00 93.75 266.00 15.38MIN 1.00 0.37 0.02 0.01 0.50 5.56 9.09 6.17 8.14 1.14 MEAN 10.07 3.84 0.19 0.12 3.96 71.66 128.24 24.67 46.91 1.91 STD. DEVIATION 7.51 2.25 0.12 0.08 6.47 76.29 140.26 18.39 47.31 1.72

Where, L- pool/riffle length, WW- wetted width, D - maximum depth, and d- mean depth

The pools had a stronger correlation then the riffles for the wetted width to depth, wetted width to

length and the maximum to minimum depth ratios. However, the riffles showed a stronger

correlation then the pools for the length to depth ratio.

Length to width regression shows a relatively weak correlation over all combined sites. This

relationship arguably has no significance in terms of habitat suitability. Therefore, the hypothesis

that high length to width ratios should optimize edge contact with riparian vegetation is not

supported by the results in this case.

The maximum to mean depth relationship shows good correlation, however this is not key to the

hypotheses presented in this study. It is simply illustrative of generally uniform, or roughly

symmetrical, channel cross section shape within all of the study reaches. As the correlation

coefficient approaches unity, channel definition would evolve through a series of shapes



hydraulically described as parabolic, then trapezoidal, and ultimately rectangular. Reasonable

variations of these defined shapes can therefore be considered atypical for redside dace habitat.

The final assessment step was to analyze channel substrate as a key component of habitat. As

already noted the scientific literature identifies a wide range of substrate association for redside

dace. The microhabitat association with substrate is unclear, and even when good cover

conditions exist, adult redside dace commonly hold in the middle third of the water column off of

cover (Novinger and Coon, 2000). Nonetheless, interstitial spacing and velocity shelter provided

by substrate is important to most stream dwelling fish, when inactive during non-feeding times

and as protection from predators. In turn, preference for certain spawning substrate sizes,

interacting with suitable velocities, can sometimes be attributable to a given species. As a result,

the general theories of cover association need to be refined into a more explicit measurement of

preference.

From a geomorphic perspective, substrate interacts with channel flow as bed form roughness that

attenuates velocity and paves or armours the channel boundary against scour. The hydraulic

roughness supplied by substrate can be expressed as an index ratio of a certain substrate diameter

relative to water depth. In small streams the D84 value is the best denominator in this regard

because it tends to protrude above finer substrate that is often imbricated and embedded on the

channel bottom. This ratio test was thus transformed into a ‘cover index’, for pools, and a

‘spawning index’ for riffles. The ‘cover index’ is self explanatory while the ‘spawning index’ is

analogous to a level of roughness that achieves optimum balance of velocity shelter and nest

aeration for spawning. Higher ratios thus mean more relative cover availability in pools and

increased levels of velocity protection in riffles. For comparison purposes, the D50 and D90 values

were also analyzed for the combined group of sites.

The D values were determined from modified Wolman pebble counts done with each cross

section survey. Appendix A presents the detailed data compilation and regression analysis results

for the tested indices. Table 9 presents the summary results for the D-values for all sites, and

Table 10 highlights the results from the D84 analysis component for the pools and riffles.



Table 9. Summary Results of Substrate Cover Index and Spawning Index Relationships for all

sites. All Sites

Combined d D50 D84 D90 d / D50 d / D84 d / D90

MAX 0.60 3.090 9.162 14.930 49.659 0.158 5.643 MIN 0.01 0.949 4.674 8.940 4.664 0.060 0.768 MEAN 0.22 0.004 1.236 1.760 0.058 0.022 0.154 STD. DEVIATION 0.13 1.028 2.567 3.660 12.257 0.037 1.350

Where, d = mean depth, and Dn = substrate size at the nh percentile

Table 10. Summary Results for Pools and Riffles.

Pools Riffles d D84 d / D84 d D84 d / D84 MAX 0.60 0.08 410.00 0.43 0.17 27.50 MIN 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 MEAN 0.28 0.87 24.45 0.12 0.06 3.45 STD. DEV. 0.12 8.25 59.17 0.08 0.05 4.69

Where, d = mean depth, and D84 = substrate size at the 84th percentile

From the results there is a clear separation between the pool and riffle relationships with the mean

ratio roughly seven times higher in pools, as should be expected. However, one unexpected result

did appear when the wetted width to D84 values was compared. The result of the regression

analysis displayed a linear relationship between an increase in the wetted width and increasing

D84 values for the riffles. As the wetted width increases, the particle size in the riffles increased.

This is atypical of representative Ontario streams and may be a unique trait for redside dace

habitat.

The standard deviation, regression analysis, and Mann - Whitney results, show no effective

correlation in the ratios of mean depth to D84 values and length to D84 values. The range of tested

ratios does nonetheless provide good perspective on the effective levels of pool cover and riffle

protection that can be considered typical of redside dace habitat. Similar to the previously

presented analyses, the cover and spawning index results will be useful for comparison with other

sites.

6.0 Comparison of Parameters for Both Groups Studied

All of the parameters analyzed for the comparison of sites all containing redside dace were then

averaged, and compared against the averages of the parameters collected from the detailed work



done of the sampling group that does not contain redside dace populations. Appendix B contains

a list of all sites (and their parameter averaged) included in the sample group that do not contain

redside dace populations.

When the sites containing redside dace populations were compared with those sites without, some

interesting results appeared. According to the Mann-Whitney test results, the sample group

containing redside dace appeared to have, on average, smaller wetted width measurements. As

well, the average wetted width to depth ratios appeared to be smaller for the sample group

containing redside dace. These differences were the only two comparisons to return a statistically

different value using the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the maximum depth, drainage area,

and D84 values analysis did not return any statistical differences between the two sampling

groups.

The following results were obtained from the linear regression analysis. The sample group with

redside dace present had stronger correlation results for the gradient to maximum depth analysis,

the D84 value to wetted width analysis, the D84 value to maximum depth analysis, and the D84 to

drainage area analysis. The sample group without redside dace had stronger correlation results

for the wetted width to depth ratio to gradient analysis, the D84 value to gradient analysis, the

wetted width to gradient analysis, the wetted width to drainage area analysis and the width to

depth analysis.

Subsequent to the D84 value analysis using the Wolman Pebble Count method, a test analysis of

the pebble counts collected at every detailed site was also completed, where the total and

cumulative percentages for each of the grain size classes were analyzed to illustrate whether the

redside dace showed an inclination for sites where the majority of the channel bed particles was

composed of fine sediments, coarser sediments, or that they showed no preference for the

distribution of channel substrate, compared to the sites lacking redside dace populations. Refer to

Appendix B for the pebble count tabulations for all sites studied. Figure 1 below depicts the

results from the pebble count analysis completed. From the results of this analysis, there does not

appear to be any discernable differences in regards to sediment size preferences, as a whole,

between the sites containing redside dace, and those without redside dace populations.



Figure 1. Graph of Pebble Count Comparisons

A Comparison of Pebble Counts for Both Groups Studied

0

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Following the D84 Value analysis, another comparison of both sampled groups included the

analysis of the longitudinal profiles plotted for each of the detailed sites, to determine if the

channel geometry and profiles differed between the two groups. More specifically, the upwards

gradient occurring between the bottom end of a pool and the top end of a riffle was scrutinized.

In each site containing (or known to historically contain) redside dace populations, there appeared

to be a sharp, defined upwards gradient that measured, on average, 6.54%. This sharp upwards

gradient may be linked to the presence of larger particle sizes located along riffle crests in creeks

inhabited by redside dace. The results of this analysis are included in Appendix B. When the

sites lacking redside dace populations were studied, it was found that these sites did not appear to

have such sharply defined upwards gradients present between the bottom of the pools and the top

of the riffles. More often, for the sites lacking redside dace populations, this gradient appeared to

be a stepped, or graded change in elevation. This result appears to suggest that redside dace

require these sharp increases in gradient from the pools to the riffles for all or part of their life

stages, and a deficiency of this steep gradient change may be a limiting parameter in the sites

lacking redside dace populations.



In addition, because the literature has highlighted that the redside dace are believed to be

coldwater species, this report looked at the thermal regimes present in the creeks under

evaluation. Creeks and rivers that are fed by groundwater discharges will be relatively cold and

maintain a fairly stable water temperature over the course of the year. These groundwater fed

creeks will most likely not freeze in the winter, thereby providing year-round habitat for the

redside dace populations. For this reason, ground water input data was reviewed for both sample

populations to see if there was any groundwater discharge occurring in the areas known to have

redside dace populations. Table 11 depicts the findings from this comparison. Please note that

only the sites with available information were listed for the sample group lacking redside dace

populations. For a complete list please refer to Appendix B. The groundwater inputs are

measured as discharge per second over a 1 kilometer length. These values were taken from

baseflow mapping prepared by the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority for the Rouge

River.

Table 11. List of Sites and their associated groundwater discharges

Sites Containing Redside Dace (l/s/km)

Sites Without Redside Dace Populations (l/s/km)

West Humber GHU10 NA West Humber GHU11 NA West Humber GHU24 NA East Humber NA Purpleville Creek NA Don River D3 NA Don River D7 NA Don River East branch (D5) NA Rouge River (R7) 5 - 20 Berczy Creek (R11) 1 - 5 Bruce Creek (R17) negative Tributary of Little Rouge (R32) 1 - 5 Robinson Creek (R24) 5 - 20

Rouge River GR-2 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-4 1 - 5 Rouge River GR-5 negative Rouge River GR-10 1 - 5 Rouge River GR-12 negative Rouge River GR-13 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-14 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-16 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-21 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-25 20 or more Rouge River GR-26 negative Rouge River GR-27 negative Rouge River GR-33 1 - 5 Rouge River GR-37 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-38 1 - 5 Rouge River GR-39 1 - 5 Rouge River GR-45 negative Rouge River GR-47 5 - 20 Rouge River GR-51 negative Rouge River GR-52 negative Rouge River GR-53 negative

NA = no available information for these sites



Both the population samples show signs of positive and negative groundwater discharge values.

In other words, some of the creeks in both groups are experiencing groundwater inputs, while

others are not. Therefore, it would appear that groundwater discharges (linked to coldwater

regimes) are not a specific requirement of the redside dace. As well, because groundwater

discharge is directly related to water temperature controls (in that groundwater helps to maintain a

somewhat stable temperature in the creek year round) these findings appear to disagree with the

theory that redside dace are strictly coldwater fish species as some of the redside dace sites are

actually experiencing a negative discharge effect.

7.0 Summary

This study has explored redside dace habitat suitability in greater detail than presently available.

As one component of the Redside Dace Recovery Strategy for Southern Ontario, insight has been

gained regarding suitability preference ranges and theoretical connections between redside dace

behaviour and the spatial context of physical habitat.

According to the results of the vegetation presence/absence analysis, it can be assumed that

redside dace prefer streams that have bank vegetation consisting of tall grasses and herbaceous

vegetation.

Although the catchment area analysis did not indicate a significant similarity in the parameters

measured, it can be said that the redside dace may be found in areas that have, on average, a

drainage area of 38.79 km2, with a perimeter of 26 km2, a stream density of 1.02 km per km2,

and a drainage density of 1.68 km2 per km. However, the analysis could not give a more detailed

description of the unique habitat required by redside dace.

The results from the basin permeability analysis suggest that redside dace prefer channels that are

only somewhat influenced by urban drainage/runoff occurring in the basin. The maximum

percentage of this influence occurring in the sites with redside dace was 26.51% ∓ 7.9%, and the

lowest amount of basin permeability measured for redside habitats was 0%. Therefore, it can be

assumed that redside dace are more sensitive to water quality and temperature changes that could

be linked to urbanization of its drainage basin.



In contrast, the flow data analysis could not support a narrow, specialized hydraulic habitat

preference regarding for redside dace populations. It would appear that, on average, redside dace

habitat consists of a bankfull discharge to low flow discharge ratio of 11, a bankfull yield of 19

L/km2 which is approximately 4 % of the bankfull flow discharge, and a low flow yield of 20

L/km2, which is equivalent to 3.39% of the low flow discharge.

The detailed results of length, width, and depth relationships do not substantially support

specialized habitat preference in ether pools or riffles. The results of all the ratios compared are

representative results for typical streams and do not highlight any unique channel parameters that

may indicate specialized redside dace habitat.

A unique feature was revealed when the substrate particles size distribution (D84 Value) was

compared to the wetted width parameter in riffles and pools. As the wetted width increased in the

riffles, the substrate particle size increased as well. This result indicates that the redside dace may

prefer riffles that have larger particle sizes than those typically associated with their headwater

habitats. This particular finding was unexpected. A comparison of the mean depth to D84 ratio

between the pools and riffles, and the length and D84 ratios, did not highlight any additional

features unique to the redside dace. As well, the total and cumulative percentages calculated for

each site as a whole did not highlight a preference for bed substrates consisting mainly of finer

sediments, larger sediments, or any size in between.

Research into the possibility of groundwater discharge sources affecting the occurrence of redside

dace populations has highlighted that redside dace may not be a strictly coldwater fish species.

Collected data has shown that both sampling groups had sites that experienced groundwater

discharges and sites with negative discharge values, illustrating that the redside dace are not only

found in coldwater streams fed by groundwater, but also in creeks with negative groundwater

discharges.

In summary, the results of this multistep study did not highlight any particular channel parameters

or drainage area and flow parameters that would indicate specialized requirements of the redside

dace. However, the results did show that on average, the redside dace seem to prefer areas with

smaller widths and width to depth ratios, when compared to those channels in the area that do not

contain redside dace. As well, the redside dace appear to prefer channels flanked by banks of tall



grasses and herbaceous vegetation, and larger bottom substrates in the riffles. And finally, the

redside dace appear to prefer channels with a steep upwards gradient between the bottom of the

pools and the top of the riffles, not found in those sites studied that did not contain redside dace

populations at some point in history. The results from the analysis can be used as the fist step in

determining the range of habitat characteristics desirable to redside dace.

8.0 Recommendations / Next Steps

Except for the steep gradient between pools and riffles, and the bank vegetation results (apparent

preference for banks with tall herbaceous vegetation and grasses), the detailed assessment based

on background literature review and field data collection did not conclusively identify narrow

ranges of habitat suitability from a geomorphic perspective. However, when the sites with redside

dace were compared against the sites not containing redside dace, it was concluded that the

redside dace sites had, on average, smaller width measurements, and smaller width to depth

ratios.

The broad ranges of parameters identified can be considered synoptic of low order headwater

streams in a variety of geologic, vegetative, and land use scenarios within Southern Ontario. In

this regard, the redside dace appears to be a habitat generalist, versus a habitat specialist.

Recommendations for future study include expansion of the sample data set to include more areas

known to contain redside dace. A more detailed comparison of these streams with redside

populations and without may highlight a narrower range of habitat characteristics unique to

redside dace.

Additional relationships and habitat matrices could also be explored such as volumetric

measurements of pools, shade cover indices, and detailed hydraulic habitat conditions, to name a

few. Additional discrete habitats defined as runs and glides could also be studied. According to

the literature, water quality may also play a key role in the population dynamics of the redside

dace. Field analysis of water quality should also be conducted.

The literature has described the redside dace as an intolerable coldwater species. Based on this

statement, it can be assumed that the over-wintering habitats required by the redside dace may

prove to be the limiting factor regarding the success of the redside dace populations.



Groundwater fed channels will not freeze over winter, whereas channels lacking this temperature

control mechanism may provide only seasonal or part time habitat for the redside dace

populations. Therefore, urbanization of the lands surrounding the channels, and the associated

warming of the water, could affect the over-wintering requirements of these coldwater species.

This report has focused on the groundwater discharges available for the Rouge River only. A

more detailed look at groundwater discharges for all the creeks may highlight additional findings

linked specifically to the redside dace and their habitat and over wintering requirements.

Therefore, channel temperatures for all the sites combined, and groundwater discharges occurring

in the remaining sites should be studied. This analysis may help determine if the water

temperatures present in the redside dace streams are significantly different from the temperatures

in the channels lacking redside dace populations, as well as determine whether groundwater

discharge has any affect on the occurrence of redside dace populations in these creeks. The

results from this analysis may prove to highlight the problem of suitable habitat present for over-

wintering for redside dace in those channels lacking redside dace.

This study took a mesoscale perspective on habitat while future study at a more focused

microhabitat scale could be considered. Characterization study is also recommended for

spawning, juvenile, and winter season habitat conditions, due to the significant background data

gap for these variables. Future study should be useful in improving the knowledge base on

redside dace habitat, and integrating redside dace within broader theories of stream continuum

habitat and fish population guilds.



References Becker. C.G. 1983. Fishes of Wisconsin. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. 1052pp. Daniels, R.A. and S.J. Wisniewski. 1994. Feeding ecology of redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus. Ecol. Fresh. Fish. 3:176-183. Eisenhour, D. 2002. Notes on Clinostomus elongatus, for Freshwater Fishes of Kentucky, in prep. Goforth, R.R. 2000. Special Animal Abstract for Clinostomus elongatus (redside dace). Michigan Natural Features Inventory. Lansing, MI. 3 pp. Holm. E., and E.J. Crossman. 1986. A report on a 1985 attempt to resurvey some areas within the Ontario distribution of Clinostomus elongatus, the redside dace, and to summarize previous records. Royal Ontario Museum, Dept. of Ichtyology and Herpetology. Koster, W.J. 1939. Some phases of the life history and relationships of the cyprinid, Clinostomus elongatus (Kirtland). Copeia 939:201-208. Lisle, T.E. 1987. Using “residual depths” to monitor pool depths independently of discharge. United States Department of Agriculture: Research Note PSW-394, 4 pp. MacRae, C. and M. D’Andrea. 1999. Assessing the Impact of Urbanization on Channel Morphology. Second International Conference on Natural Channel Systems. Niagara Falls, Ontario. McKee, P.M. and B.J. Parker. 1982. The distribution, biology, and status of the fishes Campostoma anomalum, Clinostomus Elongatus, Notropis photogenis (Cyprinidae), and Fundulas notatus (Cyprinodontidae) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 60:1347-56. Meade, L., McNeely, D.L., Kornman, L. and A. Surmont. 1986. New records of the redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus (Kirtland) in Kentucky, with comments on its habitat requirements. Trans. Ky., Acad. Sci. 47:121-125. Morris, R. J., 2001. A Methodology for Assessing the Biological Integrity of Fish Communities of the Credit River Watershed. Appendix A, Silver Creek Subwatershed Study, Background Report. Novinger, D.C., and Coon, T.G. 2000. Behavior and physiology of the redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus, a threatened species in Michigan. Environ. Biol. Fishes 57(3):315-326. Parker, B.J., P.M.McKee and R.R. Campbell. 1988. Status of the redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus, in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 102:163-169. Schwartz, F. J. and J. Norvell. 1958. "Food, growth and sexual dimorphism of the Redside Dace, Clinostomus elongatus (Kirtland) in Linesville Creek, Crawford County, Pennsylvania." Ohio Journal of Science 58:311. (PLE #28) Scott. W.B. and E.J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fishery Research Board of Canada Bulletin 184. 966 pp.




Strickler, A. 1923. Some contributions to the problem of the velocity formula and roughness factors for rivers, canals, and closed conduits. (in German). Bern, Switzerland, No. 16. Trimble, K. D., Imhof, J., and W.J. Snodgrass. 1999. Ecological Considerations in Developing a Terms of Reference for Stream Restoration Projects and Engineered / Natural Channel Systems in Ontario. Second International Conference on Natural Channel Systems. Niagara Falls, Ontario.

APPENDIX AAPPENDIX AAPPENDIX AAPPENDIX A

Pebble Count AnalysisComparison of Both Groups Sampled

Particle Size Classes Counts Total Cum % Counts Total Cum %<.0002 216 4.309657 4.309657 1416 5.927662 5.927662

.00021-.0009 583 11.63208 15.94174 1782 7.459812 13.38747.001-.0049 316 6.304868 22.24661 1227 5.13647 18.52395.005-.019 252 5.027933 27.27454 1475 6.174648 24.69859.02-.049 295 5.885874 33.16042 1446 6.053248 30.75184.05-.19 291 5.806065 38.96648 1086 4.546216 35.29806.2-.49 330 6.584198 45.55068 1332 5.576021 40.87408

.50-.59 484 9.656824 55.2075 2200 9.209645 50.08372

.60-.79 12 0.239425 55.44693 0 0 50.08372.80-1.19 284 5.666401 61.11333 1220 5.107167 55.190891.2-1.59 228 4.549082 65.66241 993 4.156899 59.347791.6-2.39 276 5.506784 71.16919 1172 4.906229 64.254022.4-3.19 245 4.888268 76.05746 1300 5.442063 69.696083.2-4.79 210 4.189944 80.24741 996 4.169457 73.865544.8-6.39 275 5.486832 85.73424 1426 5.969524 79.835066.4-9.59 269 5.367119 91.10136 1504 6.296048 86.13111

9.6-12.79 178 3.551476 94.65283 1086 4.546216 90.6773312.8-19.19 172 3.431764 98.0846 1279 5.354153 96.0314819.2-25.59 62 1.237031 99.32163 447 1.871232 97.9027125.6-38.39 29 0.578611 99.90024 356 1.490288 99.39338.4-51.19 4 0.079808 99.98005 97 0.406062 99.79906

51.2-102.39 0 0 99.98005 45 0.188379 99.98744102.4-204.79 1 0.019952 100 3 0.012559 100204.8-409.59 0 0 100 0 0 100

>409.6 0 0 100 0 0 100Bedrock 0 0 100 0 0 100

With Redside Dace No Redside Dace

Pebble Count AnalysisComparison of Both Groups Sampled

Substrate Particle Size Distribution based on Pebble Counts

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Basin Permeability Table

Creek and Site Name DA P DAurb % DAurb(km2) (km) (km2)

14 MC 1 2.9 8 0 0.0014 MC 2 19.4 19.68 1.9 9.80Springbrook Creek 2.15 8.34 0.06 2.79Fletcher's Creek Sw2 41.26 37.91 16.06 38.92Fletcher's Creek Sw4 17.75 21.35 0.11 0.62West Humber GHU10 54.13 39.05 3.21 5.93West Humber GHU11 187.58 75.71 22.12 11.79West Humber GHU24 93.25 56.23 26.51 28.43East Humber 60.9 40.3 6.6 10.80Purpleville Creek 31.44 21.55 2.05 6.52Don River D3 32.63 22.45 7.62 23.35Don River D7 37.27 26.4 4.05 10.87Don River East branch 13.5 20 0.9 6.70Rouge River 33.9 25.3 2.8 8.30Berczy Creek (r11) 22.29 15.71 2.3 10.32 Bruce Creek (r17) 31.48 19.51 1.18 3.75Trib of Little Rouge (r32) 4.65 2.87 0.04 0.86Robinson Creek (r24) 11.75 13.81 1.25 10.64

Max 187.58 75.71 26.51 38.92Mean 38.79 26.34 5.49 10.58

Min 2.15 2.87 0.00 0.00Std Dev. 43.56 17.98 7.90 10.17

** Note, all the Urban Drainage Area numbers are estimated from looking at the Softmap, software

Gradient Comparisons

Bottom Pool-Top of Riffle Gradient

Site Name GradientTop Btm Top Btm %

14 MC S1 2.758 3.202 187 159 1.593.125 3.478 289 273 2.213.423 3.702 459 453 4.65

Springbrook 1.97 2.05 58 56.2 4.442.21 2.26 95 93.2 2.782.6 2.66 120.5 119 4.00

Fletchers SW2 2.456 2.857 33.75 20.75 3.082.456 2.635 48.75 42.75 2.982.46 2.963 64.75 61 13.41

Fletchers SW4 1.148 1.471 35.875 31.625 7.60West Humber GHU10 2.884 3.613 97.28 86.92 7.04

3.258 3.61 157.28 151.9 6.54West Humber GHU11 0.559 1.539 60.11 45.79 6.84

0.514 0.962 236.41 223 3.340.399 0.848 262.58 252.02 4.25

West Humber GHU24 2.062 2.852 264.63 256.91 10.232.191 2.931 190.83 179.46 6.511.869 2.431 123.76 110.36 4.19

Purpleville 1.9 2.7 78.5 65.5 6.153.2 3.5 259 253 5.00

2 2.5 14 9.5 11.11Don River D-3 2.216 1.543 68.5 54.13 4.68Don River D-7 1.62 0.67 95.94 89.38 14.48

-0.084 0.351 80.64 77.52 13.94-0.227 0.199 46.42 40.57 7.28

East Don River 1.51 1.99 22 19 16.001.75 2.32 50 42 7.132.11 2.45 70 42 1.21

Rouge River R11 0.705 0.134 37.34 50.61 4.300.676 1.047 116.84 113.54 11.240.338 0.623 88.11 85.01 9.19

Rouge River R17 2.364 2.158 137.33 139.01 12.261.627 1.86 36.72 31.91 4.841.716 2.064 84.25 76.46 4.47

Rouge River R32 2.877 2.513 164.68 170.47 6.29Rouge River R24 2.327 2.585 156.61 153.29 7.77

1.964 2.163 46.22 40.44 3.442.393 2.016 86.11 93.21 5.312.703 2.93 210.54 203.25 3.11

Average 6.54

Elevation Change (m) Distance (m)

Comparison of Sites With and Without Redside Dace Populations

Creek Name Drainage Maximum Wetted Width Wetted Gradient D84Area Depth to Depth ratio Width Values

14 MC 1 2.9 0.177 8.188 1.328 3.0714 MC 2 19.4 0.202 26.93 3.542 6Springbrook Creek 2.15 0.15 30.468 2.437 8.66Fletcher's creek Sw2 41.26 0.348 18.0914 4.951 0.36 7.36Fletcher's creek Sw4 17.75 0.317 11.467 3.442 0.21 3.13West Humber GHU10 54.13 0.489 19.949 7.563 0.135 5.55West Humber GHU11 187.58 0.514 26.814 9.263 0.285 8.68West Humber GHU24 93.25 0.535 12.288 5.575 0.165 4.16East Humber 60.9 0.476 12.89 4.682 8.38Purpelville Creek 31.44 0.434 10.145 3.578 0.64 8.27Don River D3 32.63 0.412 12.516 4.458 0.33 7.02Don River D7 37.27 0.406 22.535 6.462 0.405 8.88Don River East branch 13.5 0.188 18.075 2.509 0.99 1.31Rouge River 33.9 0.353 15.264 4.367 0.465 5.72Berczy Creek (r11) 22.29 0.235 14.738 2.844 0.62 9.53Bruce Creek (r17) 31.48 0.298 15.056 4.13 0.41 3.62Trib of Little Rouge (r3 4.65 0.212 6.637 1.307 0.21 0.4Robinson Creek (r24) 11.75 0.492 10.76 5.126 0.37 3.08

Max 187.5800 0.5350 30.4680 9.2630 0.9900 9.5300Mean 38.7906 0.3466 16.2673 4.3091 0.3996 5.7122

min 2.1500 0.1500 6.6370 1.3070 0.1350 0.4000Std Dev. 43.5647 0.1294 6.7781 2.0481 0.2282 2.8208

Sites With Redside Dace Populations

Comparison of Groundwater Discharge and Water Temperature Data

Tabulation of Sites Requiring Water Temperatures/Groundwater Inputs ** Note, sites in red are not TRCA Monitoring SitesAssociated Groundwater Date of Water

Fisheries Sites Site Name Imputs (l/s/km) Temperature Measures Max Min AverageWest Humber GHU10 Castlemore Road and Goreway Drive; the first stream south of Castlemore Road on the west side.West Humber GHU11 The Main Humber River located within the Boyd Conservation Area, East of Islington Avenue, North of Langstaff Road.West Humber GHU24 In Albion Hills Conservation Area; 7 km south of Hwy 9 on Hwy 50, inside MTRCA land; Albion Hills Conservation Area campground adjacent to over night camping office.East Humber Located immediately east of Weston Road and South of King Rd in the Township of King.Purpleville Creek North of Major Mackenzie Dr and west of Pine Valley Drive, immediately below the confluence.Don River D3 North of Hwy. 407, south of Langstaff Road and west of Dufferin St. Located immediately west of Bradwick Dr., near the Langstaff Business Park.Don River D7 South of Hwy 407, inbetween Bathurst Street and Yonge Street. The site is just off Longbridge Road in the Uplands Golf Course.Don River East branch (D5) The second stream located West of Bathurst Street and south of Rutherford/Carrville Road.Rouge River (R7) 5 - 20 l/s/km Located downstream (South) of Vogell Rd. and upstream (West) of Highway 404. The main intersection of this location is Leslie St. and Inspiration Ave.Berczy Creek (R11) 1 - 5 l/s/km The site is on Berczy Creek, West of Warden Avenue and North of Mackenzie Drive East.Bruce Creek (R17) negative Site is immediately upstream (North) of Major Mackenzie Drive, in Angus Glen Golf Course.Trib of Little Rouge (R32) 1 - 5 l/s/km Site is West of McCowan Rd., North of Elgin Mills Rd. E. and South of 19th Avenue.Robinson Creek (R24) 5 - 20 l/s/km The site extends North and South of Raymerville Drive in the Town of Markham.

HL011WM Highland Creek GH-1 May to October 2002 29.64 4.76 19.56 Site is located West of Kennedy Road and North of Bonis Avenue, behind the large apartment buildings.HL010WM Highland Creek GH-2a May to October 2002 26.61 12.09 19.29 Site is located North of Lawrence Ave. and East of McCowan Road in Bendale Park.

Highland Creek GH-2b Site is located West of Markham Rd. and South of Lawrence, directly behind Cedarbrook Community Centre.HL005WM Highland Creek GH-4a May to October 2002 29.84 9 20.37 Site is South of Hwy 401, East of Markham Road, directly behind Centennial College.

Highland Creek GH-6 Site is within Pine Tree Park. Major intersection is Markham Road and McLevin Ave. Reach is immediately east of Malvern Junior School, North of Mammoth Hall Trail.Highland Creek GH-9 Site is immediately North of Old Kingston Road, East of Morningside Ave.Highland Creek GH-10 Site is immediately south of Lawrence Avenue East.

DN018WM Don River GD-1 May to October 2002 26.64 4.27 19.01 First stream South of Rutherford Road, just East of Jane Street.DN015WM Don River GD-4 May to October 2002 29.34 12.27 18.59 Located within the Don Valley Golf course, North of Wilson Ave. and west of Yonge St. Site is immediately west of maintenance building.

Don River GD-4a Site is inside the Rosedale Golf Course on Bayview Ave. and Lawrence Ave. Reach is located on the border of Rosedale Golf Course property and private property.Don River GD-4b Site located in Sunnybrook/Serena Gundy Park, just west of Leslie Street and south of Lawrence Avenue East.Don River GD-5 The second stream located West of Bathurst Street and south of Rutherford/Carrville Road.Don River GD-13 East of Bayview Avenue, North of Finch Ave. E., just north of Cummer Ave., immediately upstream of the confluence with German Mills Creek.Don River GD-14 Site is immediatley South of John Street and West of Don Mills Road.

DN005WM Don River GD-19 May to October 2002 34.51 12.39 20.08 Site is located south of Eglinton Avenue, East of Don Valley Parkway, just off St. Dennis Drive in Flemingdon Park Golf Course.Don River GD-20 Site is North of Hwy 404, inbetween Bayview Avenue and Millwood Road. The site is beside the North Toronto Sewage Treatment Plant.

DN003WM Don River GD-22 July to October 2003 27.75 14.22 18.57 A fishery site, located south of St Clair Avenue and west of Warden Avenue.Don River GD-26 Site located in Sunnybrook/Wilket Creek Park, just west of Leslie Street and south of Lawrence Avenue East.Don River GD-30 Location of site is on Deerlick Creek in Brookbanks Park. Specifically, east of the Don Valley Parkway and south of York Mills Road. Site is immediately upstream of the confluence with small tributary.

DN014WM Don River GD-31 May to October 2002 25.72 -2.04 15.92 Located north of Glenvale Blvd., east of Bayview Ave., behind The Toronto Rehab Lyndhurst Centre.Rouge River GR-2 5 - 20 l/s/km Immediately upstream (north) of Redstone Rd. In the Bayview North region.Rouge River GR-4 1 - 5 l/s/km First stream West of Hwy 404, North of Elgin Mills Road, just after the confluence with the tributary.Rouge River GR-5 negative Located in Elgin Mills Cemetary area, Southwest of Elgin Mills Road East and Highway 404.

RG018WM Rouge River GR-10 1 - 5 l/s/km June to October 2003 32.66 10.88 17.6 Located immediately downstream (south) of Elgin Mills Road East, east of Woodbine Ave.RG016WM Rouge River GR-12 negative June to October 2003 33.03 13.71 19.42 Site is located downstream (South) of 16th Avenue, just East of Village Parkway.

Rouge River GR-13 5 - 20 l/s/km Site is located South of Bethesda Sideroad, just West of Sawmill Lane.Rouge River GR-14 5 - 20 l/s/km Site is immediately South of Warden Avenue and North of Stouffville Road.

RG019WM Rouge River GR-16 5 - 20 l/s/km June to October 2003 30.9 12.53 20.5 Site is immediately South of 19th Avenue, inbetween Kennedy Road and Warden Avenue.Rouge River GR-21 5 - 20 l/s/km Site is immediatley South of Hwy. 7, inbetween Kennedy Road and McCowan Road.

RG008WM Rouge River GR-25 20 or more l/s/km June to October 2003 36.25 6.07 20.14 The site is immediatley South of 14th Ave., inbetween Ninth Line and Boxwood Crescent.RG006WM???? Rouge River GR-26 negative June to November 2003 29.12 2.13 16.36 Site is located immediately upstream (West) of Kirkhams Road. Nearest intersection is Sheppard Avenue and Meadowvale Road.

Rouge River GR-27 negative Site is immediately upstream (North) of Twyn Rivers Dr., East of Meadowvale Rd., by the Metro Toronto Zoo.Rouge River GR-33 1 - 5 l/s/km Site is immediately upstream (North) of the southernmost confluence by the Markham Fairgrounds which is Northeast of McCowan and Elgin Mills Rd E. Site is on the East tributary upstream of the confluence.Rouge River GR-37 5 - 20 l/s/km Site is located immediately upstream (North) of Major Mackenzie Dr. E., inbetween Hwy. 48 and 9th line.

RG011WM Rouge River GR-38 1 - 5 l/s/km June to October 2003 29.6 6.09 20.21 Site is on Little Rouge Creek, West of 9th Line, halfway between 9th Line and Major Mackenzie. Tenth transect is at the TRCA Fisheries site marker.Rouge River GR-39 1 - 5 l/s/km Site is immediately downstream (South) of Elgin Mills RD. E., just West of Reesor Road.Rouge River GR-45 negative Site is located immediately upstream (North) of Hwy. 7, East of Reesor Road.

RG007WM Rouge River GR-47 5 - 20 l/s/km June to August 2003 31.82 6.23 21.66 The site is immediately upstream (East) of Reesor Road, South of 14th Ave. on Little Rouge Creek.Rouge River GR-51 negative Site is North of Old Finch Ave., and immediatley West of Meadowvale Road.Rouge River GR-52 negative Located West of the Beare Road Sanitary Landfil and East of Meadowvale Road. Site is immediately downstream (South) of the landfill access road.

RG001WM Rouge River GR-53 negative June to October 2003 38.13 4.99 22.01 Site is located South of Twyn Rivers Dr. in Rouge Park.HU003WM Humber River GHU-1 July to September 2001 34.24 11.06 22.69 Main Humber River;downstream of Bloor Street West; park at Toronto Humber Yacht Club

Humber River GHU-2 South of Scarlett Road Main HumberHumber River GHU-4 Black Creek downstream of Shoreham Road; Close to upper city boundary of Black Creek WatershedHumber River GHU-5 South of Steeles Avenue West and North of Finch Avenue West; Between Kipling Avenue and Islington Avenue in Rowntree Mills Park. Park at the end of Riverside Drive and walk downstreamHumber River GHU-6 North of Highway 7, East of Highway 27Humber River GHU-13 Main IntersectionEast Huntington Road and North of Rutherford Road; first stream north of Rutherford RoadHumber River GHU-14 North of Castlemore Road in between McVean Drive and The Gore Road in BramptonHumber River GHU-17 In the town of WildField, North of Mayfield Road and East of The Gore RoadHumber River GHU-18 West of Airport Road, Inbetween Mayfield Road and Countryside Drive, West branch tributary above the confluence with the tributary with the on-line pond

HU020WM Humber River GHU-20 August to November 2002 17.78 7.64 12.82 West of Highway 56 (Weston Road) and south of Teston RoadHU002WM Humber River GHU-21 No data available Main intersections: Huntington Road and Kirby Road; downstream of Kirby Road

Humber River GHU-22 East of Dufferin Street, North of King Road in King CityHumber River GHU-23 East of Weston Road, south of King Road, immediately south of Laskay Land in the Town of Laskay

HU022WM Humber River GHU-25 No data available Immediately south of King Vaughan Road - fisheries siteHumber River GHU-26 Corner of 10 Concession and King/Vaughan Road in Nobleton behind home #71 on Ranch Trail Road - stream is by the valley wallHumber River GHU-27 South of York Road 11 (King Road) on 11 Concession Road in Conservation Lands. Dead end of 11 Concession the site is upstream of the tractor crossing or Dead end roadHumber River GHU-28 North of King Road (Hwy 11), East of Caledon/King Townline; first creek east of Caldon King/Townline

HU029WM Humber River GHU-29 July 13 - 25 2001 36.09 16.53 20.84 Main Humber just west of Bolton; immediateley just north of Sixth Line in conservation landsHumber River GHU-32 In the town of Castlederg, North of 15th Sideroad (Castlederg Sideroad) in between Mount Hope Rd. (8th Line) and Mount Pleasant Rd. (9th Line) downstream of pond areaHumber River GHU-33 3 km east of the Village of Nonleton Reg. Rd. 11 (King Rd) amd 0.9 km south of Mill Rd.Humber River GHU-34 Inside the Albion Hills Conservation Area; Main Intersection: 25th Sideroad and 5th Line

HU038WM Humber River GHU-35 July 12 - 25 2001 34.32 15.2 18.87 Main Intersection: west of Mono-Adjala Town and north of Highway 9; follow the Bruce Trial into a Cedar thicket; the first bridge crossing is the Humber River; site is immediately downstream of bridge

Site Access/LocationWater Temperatures

Comparison of Sites With and Without Redside Dace Populations

Creek Name Drainage Maximum Wetted Width Wetted Gradient D84Area Depth to Depth ratio Width Values

Highland Creek GH-1 14.7 0.6 19.02 7.1 0.205 7.46Highland Creek GH-2a 26.74 0.88 39.86 8.1 0.37 9.54Highland Creek GH-2b 41.96 0.61 62.4 8.63 0.525 18.99Highland Creek GH-4a 18.33 0.32 125.06 9.5 0.715 16.39Highland Creek GH-6 11.38 0.36 76.57 6.14 0.455 8.8Highland Creek GH-9 88.61 0.9 58.66 14.33 0.57 8.95Highland Creek GH-10 91.54 0.53 99.84 17.08 0.365 6.25Don River GD-1 6.84 0.38 18.75 5.09 0.18 1.95Don River GD-4 77.39 0.37 63.54 7.84 0.345 8.43Don River GD-4a 83.94 0.64 57.03 8.88 0.135 9.02Don River GD-4b 98.24 0.56 28.16 11.42 0.11 18.62Don River GD-5 7.53 0.26 42.13 2.51 0.99 1.9Don River GD-13 60.61 0.44 37.9 7.62 0.54 6.19Don River GD-14 33.24 0.7 31.43 5.29 0.38 14.14Don River GD-19 153.77 0.59 52.65 13.07 0.36 14.15Don River GD-20 316.01 1.03 44.43 17.94 0.14 11.75Don River GD-22 18.18 0.51 33.96 5.16 1.94 14.68Don River GD-26 15.17 0.4 54.69 6.11 1.52 18.85Don River GD-30 3.63 0.25 104.48 3.76 1.57 12.6Don River GD-31 12.9 0.25 58.75 5.39 0.81 8.73Rouge River GR-2 17.28 0.7 6.73 3.3 0.15 2.57Rouge River GR-4 6.7 0.37 10.2 1.56 0.03 8.63Rouge River GR-5 12.94 0.42 13.75 2.42 0.395 8.4Rouge River GR-7 33.45 0.4 24.33 4.6 0.465 8.22Rouge River GR-10 20.41 0.43 22.43 3.91 0.58 9.57Rouge River GR-12 30.32 0.45 16.19 4.02 0.225 5.74Rouge River GR-13 13.11 0.13 30.4 1.66 0.73 1.52Rouge River GR-14 16.17 0.34 18.88 4.08 0.2 0.03Rouge River GR-16 24.13 0.32 17.16 2.64 0.19 2.9Rouge River GR-21 147.49 0.72 20.74 12.56 0.02 12.04Rouge River GR-25 186.98 0.67 48.67 14.28 0.23 8.84Rouge River GR-26 192.81 0.8 59.97 11.9 0.25 15.93Rouge River GR-27 215.33 0.35 60.71 12.59 0.85 24.45Rouge River GR-33 10.28 0.33 51.75 5.38 0.45 5.03Rouge River GR-37 71.25 0.3 34.45 6.06 0.15 5.76Rouge River GR-38 72.25 0.3 58.54 8.84 0.05 4.75Rouge River GR-39 2.48 0.17 12.46 1.37 0.65 3.06Rouge River GR-45 87.42 0.69 47.07 8.81 0.33 14.14Rouge River GR-47 95.66 0.33 30.83 6.49 0.425 17.75Rouge River GR-51 108.72 0.35 49.44 9.58 0.81 17.43Rouge River GR-52 113.47 0.28 72.21 9.31 1.04 18.42Rouge River GR-53 116.61 0.41 63.06 13.36 0.42 16.93Humber River GHU-1 908.36 1.18 62.88 45.04 0.17 0.04Humber River GHU-2 832.22 0.43 100.27 38.93 21.21Humber River GHU-4 11.54 0.78 11.05 4.86 5.62Humber River GHU-5 581.23 0.79 53.63 26.36 10.74Humber River GHU-6 14.9 0.56 16.02 2.97 0.36 4.17Humber River GHU-13 2.93 0.43 29.97 2.95 0.49 0.98Humber River GHU-14 47.67 0.3 38.45 2.7 0.48 7.58Humber River GHU-17 28.72 0.35 22.65 3.3 0.335 7.75Humber River GHU-18 27.95 0.22 35.62 3.59 1.03 10.44Humber River GHU-20 11.4 0.46 32.04 3.75 0.46 1.37Humber River GHU-21 293.32 0.53 34.23 11.09 0.135 7.33Humber River GHU-22 21.82 0.27 10.57 1.85 0.06 0.55Humber River GHU-23 72.3 0.64 32.5 6.11 0.54 7.2Humber River GHU-25 129.93 0.51 25.68 6.39 0.18 6.29Humber River GHU-26 6.39 0.31 6.85 1.26 0.98 3.18Humber River GHU-27 278.98 0.6 34.53 12.14 0.285 7.97Humber River GHU-28 60.86 0.47 23.73 6.37 0.09 3.4Humber River GHU-29 197.23 0.42 49.74 11.68 0.13 5.55Humber River GHU-32 7.54 0.2 13.55 1.12 0.36 0.0045Humber River GHU-33 172.26 0.65 31.05 11.93 0.065 9.96Humber River GHU-34 42.35 0.42 25.9 7.15 0.425 2.52Humber River GHU-35 30.44 0.44 32.76 6.07 1.32 12.38Arbour Valley (Credit River) 1.1 27.14 0.36

908.36 1.18 125.06 45.04 1.94 24.45102.44 0.49 40.46 8.40 0.47 8.84

2.48 0.13 6.73 1.12 0.02 0.00170.47 0.22 24.74 7.73 0.40 5.89

Sites Without Redside Dace Populations

Statistical Analysis

RanksWith Without With Without

3.07 7.46 0.0045 1 4 1 U= 7506 9.54 0.03 2 7 2 Mean = 576

8.66 18.99 0.04 3 16 3 Std Dev.= 89.26365 7.36 16.39 0.4 4 17 53.13 8.8 0.55 5 18 6 Z = 1.943685.55 8.95 0.98 6 21 88.68 6.25 1.31 7 22 94.16 1.95 1.37 8 27 108.38 8.43 1.52 9 29 118.27 9.02 1.9 10 32 127.02 18.62 1.95 11 36 138.88 1.9 2.52 12 39 141.31 6.19 2.57 13 45 155.72 14.14 2.9 14 46 199.53 14.15 3.06 15 50 203.62 11.75 3.07 16 51 230.4 14.68 3.08 17 55 24

3.08 18.85 3.13 18 58 2512.6 3.18 19 268.73 3.4 20 282.57 3.62 21 308.63 4.16 22 318.4 4.17 23 33

8.22 4.75 24 349.57 5.03 25 355.74 5.55 26 371.52 5.55 27 380.03 5.62 28 402.9 5.72 29 41

12.04 5.74 30 428.84 5.76 31 43

15.93 6 32 4424.45 6.19 33 475.03 6.25 34 485.76 6.29 35 494.75 7.02 36 523.06 7.2 37 53

14.14 7.33 38 5417.75 7.36 39 5617.43 7.46 40 5718.42 7.58 41 5916.93 7.75 42 600.04 7.97 43 61

21.21 8.22 44 625.62 8.27 45 63

10.74 8.38 46 644.17 8.4 47 650.98 8.43 48 667.58 8.63 49 677.75 8.66 50 68

10.44 8.68 51 691.37 8.73 52 707.33 8.8 53 710.55 8.84 54 727.2 8.88 55 73

6.29 8.95 56 743.18 9.02 57 757.97 9.53 58 763.4 9.54 59 77

5.55 9.57 60 780.0045 9.96 61 79

9.96 10.44 62 802.52 10.74 63 81

12.38 11.75 64 8212.04 6512.38 66 Sums 573 283012.6 67

14.14 6814.14 6914.15 7014.68 71

Sums 18 64 15.93 7216.39 7316.93 7417.43 7517.75 7618.42 7718.62 7818.85 7918.99 8021.21 8124.45 82

D84 Values Gradient

*since Z is greater than - Za/2, but less then Za/2, we accept the hypothesis that the samples are the same, therefore there is no statistical difference between the gradients of the sites with and without redside dace

Statistical Comparisons

Mann-Whitney Test - U

With Without With Without With Without With Without With Without2.9 14.7 0.177 0.6 8.188 19.02 0.0307 12.34 0.205

19.4 18.33 0.202 0.32 26.93 125.06 3.06 21.92 0.7152.15 11.38 0.15 0.36 30.468 76.57 0.0866 10.36 0.455

41.26 6.84 0.348 0.38 18.0914 18.75 0.0736 2.9 0.36 0.1817.75 7.53 0.317 0.26 11.467 42.13 0.0313 2.51 0.21 0.9954.13 33.24 0.489 0.7 19.949 31.43 0.0555 16.94 0.135 0.38

187.58 316.01 0.514 1.03 26.814 44.43 0.0868 22.58 0.285 0.1493.25 3.63 0.535 0.25 12.288 104.48 0.0416 16.2 0.165 1.5760.9 17.28 0.476 0.7 12.89 6.73 0.0838 3.15 0.15

31.44 6.7 0.434 0.37 10.145 10.2 0.0827 11.45 0.64 0.0332.63 20.41 0.412 0.43 12.516 22.43 0.0702 12.37 0.33 0.5837.27 13.11 0.406 0.13 22.535 30.4 0.0888 2.03 0.405 0.7313.5 16.17 0.188 0.34 18.075 18.88 0.0131 0.0416 0.99 0.233.9 11.54 353 0.78 15.264 11.05 0.0572 6 0.465

22.29 21.82 0.235 0.27 14.738 10.57 0.0953 9.96 0.62 0.0631.48 172.26 0.298 0.65 15.056 31.05 0.0362 12.11 0.41 0.0654.65 30.44 0.212 0.44 6.637 32.76 0.004 16.8 0.21 1.32

11.75 0.492 1.1 10.76 27.14 0.0308 12.27 0.37 0.360.1 32.43 1.13

8.69 0.88 9.88 1.128.09 0.82 9.87 0.97

Pop Size 18 19 18 21 18 21 18 18 14 20

RanksRiffles Pools

15.7 1 1 2 U= 15520.3 2 3 4 Mean = 17121.4 3 5 7 Std Dev.= 32.90897 27.0 4 6 827.8 5 11 9 Z = -0.47128.5 6 17 1032.4 7 18 1232.9 8 21 1333.0 9 24 1433.7 10 28 1535.6 11 29 1636.0 12 30 1936.2 13 31 2036.6 14 32 2236.7 15 33 2338.1 16 34 2540.2 17 35 2641.4 18 2743.0 19 Sums 358 27244.1 2045.3 2149.7 2252.5 2354.6 2458.5 2559.4 2662.8 2763.2 2865.6 2969.8 3072.1 3175.4 3282.4 33129.8 34162.7 35

Gradient

L/D for Pools and riffles

*since Z is greater then - Za/2, and less then Za/2, we have to except the hypothesis that the samples are the same, therefore there is no statistical difference between the L/D ratios between pools and riffles

Drainage Area Max Depth WW/d D84


RanksRiffles Pools Riffles Pools

185.5 70.2 26.7 1 1 2256.3 40.4 33.5 2 3 4179.0 73.4 35.5 3 5 658.7 93.7 40.4 4 7 8110.4 48.6 41.9 5 13 9167.0 58.9 48.6 6 16 1035.5 106.4 49.6 7 18 1173.2 50.4 50.4 8 21 12102.4 57.5 52.2 9 25 1441.9 79.3 57.2 10 26 15113.8 57.2 57.5 11 28 1763.1 33.5 58.6 12 30 1995.8 78.0 58.7 13 31 2079.1 52.2 58.9 14 32 22245.6 60.1 60.1 15 33 2326.7 112.3 63.1 16 34 2449.6 89.7 70.2 17 35 27

58.6 73.2 18 2917 18 73.4 19 Sums 358 272

78.0 2079.1 2179.3 2289.7 2393.7 2495.8 25102.4 26106.4 27110.4 28112.3 29113.8 30167.0 31179.0 32185.5 33245.6 34256.3 35

L/d L/d for Pools and riffle


U= 101Mean = 153

Std Dev.= 30.29851

Z = -1.69975

*since Z is greater then - Za/2, and less then Za/2, we have to except the hypothesis that the samples are the same, therefore there is no statistical difference between the L/d ratios between pools and riffles


RanksRiffles Pools Riffles

8.8 7.6 6.6 1 333.1 12.6 7.6 2 1041.0 12.6 8.8 3 1311.5 13.5 9.4 4 1430.2 11.4 10.1 5 1544.3 13.1 10.2 6 2415.2 15.1 10.3 7 2518.9 10.1 10.5 8 2611.8 10.3 10.6 9 2718.6 9.4 10.8 10 2830.6 11.0 11.0 11 2922.1 10.5 11.4 12 3020.6 12.0 11.5 13 3121.0 13.0 11.8 14 3220.2 10.6 12.0 15 3312.0 12.9 12.0 16 3410.8 6.6 12.6 17 35

10.2 12.6 1817 18 12.9 19 Sums 409

13.0 2013.1 2113.5 2215.1 2315.2 2418.6 2518.9 2620.2 2720.6 2821.0 2922.1 3030.2 3130.6 3233.1 3341.0 3444.3 35

WW/D WW/D for Pools and riffles


Pools1 U= 502 Mean = 1534 Std Dev.= 30.29851 56 Z = -3.383789

11121617181920212223

221

*since Z is less than - Za/2, we reject the hypothesis that the samples are the same, therefore there is statistical difference between the WW/D ratios between pools and riffles


RanksRiffles Pools Riffles

14.6 10.2 9.7 1 353.8 18.9 10.2 2 885.3 19.3 14.6 3 1316.7 21.5 14.6 4 1444.2 16.6 15.6 5 1693.3 20.3 16.6 6 1919.3 26.8 16.6 7 2324.9 15.6 16.7 8 2520.2 16.6 17.8 9 2639.7 20.9 18.2 10 2850.3 17.8 18.3 11 2940.3 18.3 18.9 12 3030.6 23.0 19.0 13 3136.1 20.6 19.3 14 32109.8 14.6 19.3 15 3320.8 38.7 20.2 16 3419.0 9.7 20.3 17 35

18.2 20.6 1817 18 20.8 19 Sums 399

20.9 2021.5 2123.0 2224.9 2326.8 2430.6 2536.1 2638.7 2739.7 2840.3 2944.2 3050.3 3153.8 3285.3 3393.3 34109.8 35

WW/d WW/d for Pools and riffles


Pools1 U= 602 Mean = 1534 Std Dev.= 30.29851 56 Z = -3.0529579

1011121517182021222427

231

*since Z is less than - Za/2, we reject the hypothesis that the samples are the same, therefore there is statistical difference between the WW/d ratios between pools and riffles

Overall Site Averages

Creek Name L WW D d D10 D50 D84 D90 Bankfull GradienRiffle Gradient(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m)

14 Mile creek Site 1 10.930 1.328 0.177 0.129 12.838 91.138 127.863 8.188 12.382 1.475 0.000 0.008 1.315 2.275 22.405 0.135 16.329 0.098 5.643 126.215 1.010 168.101 8.312 0.000 0.00014 Mile creek Site 2 11.655 4.100 0.268 0.176 3.932 94.870 148.348 22.828 36.345 1.575 0.020 1.270 5.390 7.280 0.211 0.050 0.138 0.033 0.540 1114.874 0.761 3.228 2.162 0.000 0.000Springbrook Creek 6.895 2.931 0.172 0.105 2.710 66.080 126.221 26.831 52.325 1.707 1.236 0.139 0.085 2.370 5.576 0.000 0.014Fletcher's Creek SW2 15.239 3.745 0.322 0.204 4.037 49.811 76.195 12.477 19.064 1.542 0.025 3.090 6.981 10.020 0.104 0.046 0.066 0.029 0.403 651.018 0.536 1.212 2.183 0.002 0.028Fletcher's Creek SW4 15.753 5.542 0.330 0.234 2.799 54.146 79.493 20.814 30.408 1.439 0.0002 3.020 7.020 8.550 0.109 0.047 0.078 0.033 0.327 911.254 0.789 1.835 2.244 0.001 0.017W. Humber GHU10 20.946 8.646 0.477 0.263 2.521 55.089 112.954 28.720 56.784 2.065 0.00041 0.570 7.115 9.330 0.837 0.067 0.462 0.037 0.270 1534.345 1.215 15.168 2.944 0.001 0.019W. Humber GHU11 24.450 7.499 0.513 0.329 2.987 43.481 70.945 15.165 23.027 1.537 0.00073 0.125 5.233 14.930 4.107 0.098 2.633 0.063 0.200 366.086 1.433 59.993 4.672 0.001 0.019W. Humber GHU24 17.538 4.878 0.492 0.332 3.553 43.801 61.801 14.518 20.264 1.454 0.00066 0.240 5.540 6.049 2.051 0.089 1.384 0.060 0.587 337.990 0.880 20.323 3.166 0.001 0.011East Humber River 16.371 4.012 0.394 0.243 4.744 49.900 79.910 11.076 18.388 1.652 0.0002 0.045 7.590 11.570 8.728 0.052 5.380 0.032 0.410 574.506 0.529 88.852 2.157 0.000 0.000Purpleville Creek 10.136 3.920 0.363 0.212 2.695 28.686 60.615 13.995 30.299 1.964 0.007 0.130 2.087 5.126 2.793 0.174 1.629 0.101 0.526 298.779 1.878 30.180 4.856 0.003 0.024Don River D3 14.317 5.391 0.340 0.221 2.749 53.209 85.496 20.793 34.018 1.642 0.0041 1.020 4.307 12.410 0.333 0.079 0.217 0.051 0.222 661.546 1.252 5.286 3.324 0.002 0.018Don River D7 7.971 4.640 0.405 0.223 1.692 27.956 48.299 16.281 29.303 1.822 0.0028 0.810 5.126 6.980 0.500 0.079 0.275 0.043 0.242 675.041 0.905 5.728 1.555 0.002 0.012East Branch Don River 10.192 2.651 0.205 0.130 4.059 54.340 86.910 16.304 26.832 1.635 0.0049 0.500 1.410 1.760 0.409 0.145 0.261 0.092 2.307 290.095 1.880 5.302 7.228 0.005 0.013Rouge River 9.261 3.715 0.281 0.178 2.504 39.508 65.678 17.002 28.347 1.616 0.0002 1.660 5.077 10.750 0.169 0.055 0.107 0.035 0.233 808.322 0.732 2.238 1.824 0.002 0.023Berczy Creek R11 10.275 3.157 0.236 0.143 3.234 42.774 152.852 15.371 62.190 3.851 0.02 2.480 1.578 12.550 0.095 0.149 0.058 0.091 0.258 686.400 2.000 1.273 6.510 0.003 0.034Bruce Creek R17 8.990 4.390 0.359 0.200 2.171 25.950 69.478 12.432 29.780 2.607 0.0007 0.586 9.162 9.260 0.612 0.039 0.342 0.022 0.234 1363.186 0.479 7.491 0.981 0.002 0.019Tributary of Little Rouge R32 12.605 3.217 0.352 0.219 6.279 45.287 69.649 8.699 14.365 1.613 0.0002 0.004 1.380 12.640 80.000 0.255 49.659 0.158 0.497 90.728 2.331 731.023 9.134 0.002 0.001Robinson Creek R24 8.621 2.755 0.274 0.158 1.618 16.205 29.312 5.113 9.123 0.908 0.001 0.570 6.590 10.492 0.481 0.042 0.277 0.024 0.154 380.850 0.418 4.833 1.308 0.004 0.000Max 0.025 3.090 9.162 14.930 80.000 0.255 49.659 0.158 5.643 1534.345 2.370 731.023 9.134 0.005 0.034Mean 0.005 0.949 4.674 8.940 7.291 0.097 4.664 0.060 0.768 639.484 1.189 67.769 3.897 0.002 0.014Min 0.000 0.004 1.236 1.760 0.095 0.039 0.058 0.022 0.154 90.728 0.418 1.212 0.981 0.000 0.000Std Dev. 0.008 1.028 2.567 3.660 19.534 0.059 12.257 0.037 1.350 410.522 0.646 176.390 2.516 0.001 0.010

L/D84WW/d D /d D/D84 d/D50D/D50 d/D84 d/D90 L/D50WW/D50 WW/D84L/WW L/D L/d WW/D

D/D10

y = -5.1359x + 0.2679R2 = 0.1367

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030

D10

Dep

th (m

)

D/D10 Linear (D/D10)

D/D50

y = -0.0346x + 0.2735R2 = 0.0993

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6

0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500

D50

Dep

th (m

)


D/D90

y = 0.0145x + 0.1114R2 = 0.221

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6

0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000

D90

Dep

th (m

)


d/D10

y = -3.5328x + 0.1645R2 = 0.1292

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030

D10

Dep

th (m

)


d/D50

y = -0.0214x + 0.1661R2 = 0.076

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500

D50

Dep

th (m

)


d/D90

y = 0.0091x + 0.0645R2 = 0.1743

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000

D90

Dep

th (m

)


L/D10

y = -173.59x + 11.776R2 = 0.0849

0.05.0

10.015.020.025.0

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030

D10D/D10 Linear (D/D10)

L/D50

y = -0.2116x + 11.035R2 = 0.002

0.05.0

10.015.020.025.0

0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500


L/D90

y = 0.1225x + 9.7458R2 = 0.0085

0.05.0

10.015.020.025.0

0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000


WW/D10

y = -81.379x + 4.5487R2 = 0.106

0.02.04.06.08.0

10.0

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030


WW/D50

y = -0.0266x + 4.1306R2 = 0.0002

0.02.04.06.08.0

10.0

0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500


WW/D90

y = 0.2245x + 2.1195R2 = 0.163

0.02.04.06.08.0

10.0

0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000


Overall Riffle Averages

Creek Name L WW D d D85 Bankfull Gradient Riffle Gradient(m) (m) (m) (m) (m)

14 Mile creek Site 1 10.6 0.8 0.1 0.1 17.9 129.8 185.5 8.8 14.6 1.6 0.012 7.8 5.0 69.5 883.314 Mile creek Site 2 11.6 2.7 0.1 0.1 5.7 162.7 256.3 33.1 53.8 1.6 0.022 4.6 2.8 121.4 522.4Springbrook Creek 5.4 3.4 0.1 0.1 1.8 82.4 179.0 41.0 85.3 1.8 0.078 1.5 0.9 43.1 68.6 0 0.0284Fletcher's Creek SW2 8.4 2.6 0.2 0.2 3.5 40.2 58.7 11.5 16.7 1.4 0.105 2.1 1.5 24.3 79.9 0.0036 0.0569Fletcher's Creek SW4 18.9 6.8 0.3 0.2 2.9 75.4 110.4 30.2 44.2 1.5 0.041 6.1 4.2 164.1 459.3 0.0021 0.0348W. Humber GHU10 19.1 9.2 0.3 0.1 2.2 72.1 167.0 44.3 93.3 2.6 0.070 4.4 1.6 130.9 271.5 0.00135 0.037W. Humber GHU11 10.7 5.7 0.4 0.3 1.9 28.5 35.5 15.2 19.3 1.3 0.123 3.1 2.4 46.4 87.3 0.00285 0.0381W. Humber GHU24 16.8 4.3 0.4 0.3 3.7 54.6 73.2 18.9 24.9 1.3 0.020 18.5 13.5 216.8 841.7 0.00165 0.022East Humber River 14.5 3.2 0.3 0.2 5.5 63.2 102.4 11.8 20.2 1.7 0.090 3.0 1.8 35.5 161.1 0 0Purpleville Creek 4.7 4.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 21.4 41.9 18.6 39.7 2.1 0.050 4.4 2.1 81.6 93.9 0.0064 0.0481Don River D3 13.3 6.2 0.2 0.1 2.2 69.8 113.8 30.6 50.3 1.7 0.134 1.6 0.9 46.5 99.5 0.0033 0.035Don River D7 3.9 2.5 0.1 0.1 1.6 35.6 63.1 22.1 40.3 1.8 0.103 1.2 0.7 24.0 38.0 0.00405 0.0235East Branch Don River 9.7 2.7 0.1 0.1 3.9 65.6 95.8 20.6 30.6 1.4 0.016 9.2 6.5 171.0 608.3 0.0099 0.0266Rouge River 5.0 2.4 0.1 0.1 2.2 45.3 79.1 21.0 36.1 1.6 0.088 1.4 0.9 26.8 56.0 0.00465 0.0463Berczy Creek R11 6.5 3.2 0.2 0.1 2.1 41.4 245.6 20.2 109.8 6.3 0.086 1.9 0.7 36.6 76.0 0.0062 0.0678Bruce Creek R17 5.6 4.2 0.4 0.2 1.4 15.7 26.7 12.0 20.8 1.7 0.075 4.8 2.8 56.4 74.2 0.0041 0.0382Robinson Creek R24 13.8 5.1 0.5 0.3 2.7 27.8 49.6 10.8 19.0 1.8 0.042 11.8 6.8 123.0 332.2 0.0037 0.00263

D /d WW/D84 L/D84L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d d/D84D/D84

Averages

Riffle Gradient / Riffle Length

y = -0.0013x + 0.0475R2 = 0.1549

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Length

Riff

le G

radi

ent

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Bankfull Gradient / Riffle Length

y = 2E-05x + 0.0034R2 = 0.0019

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0Length

Ban

kful

l Gra

dien

t

BG/L Linear (BG/L)

Riffle Gradient / Depth

y = -0.0639x + 0.0497R2 = 0.1584

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Depth

Riff

le G

radi

ent

RG/D Linear (RG/D)

Riffle Gradient / D84

y = 0.1387x + 0.0233R2 = 0.0737

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160D84

Riff

le G

radi

ent

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Riffle Gradient / WW

y = -0.0006x + 0.0365R2 = 0.0048

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0WW

Riff

le G

radi

ent

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Pool Averages

Creek Name L WW D d D84 Bankfull Gradient(m) (m) (m) (m) (m)

14 Mile creek Site 1 11.3 1.8 0.3 0.2 7.8 52.5 70.2 7.6 10.2 1.3 0.032 8.228 6.266 57.658 356.32914 Mile creek Site 2 11.7 5.5 0.4 0.3 2.2 27.0 40.4 12.6 18.9 1.5 0.102 4.248 2.843 53.856 114.379Springbrook Creek 8.4 2.5 0.2 0.1 3.6 49.7 73.4 12.6 19.3 1.6 0.095 2.395 1.450 26.261 88.655 0Fletcher's Creek SW2 22.1 4.9 0.4 0.3 4.6 59.4 93.7 13.5 21.5 1.6 0.060 6.952 4.214 82.119 367.619 0.0036Fletcher's Creek SW4 12.6 4.3 0.4 0.3 2.7 32.9 48.6 11.4 16.6 1.4 0.021 19.065 13.832 201.963 587.850 0.0021W. Humber GHU10 22.8 8.1 0.6 0.4 2.8 38.1 58.9 13.1 20.3 1.6 0.046 14.161 9.124 177.299 499.635 0.00135W. Humber GHU11 38.2 9.3 0.7 0.4 4.1 58.5 106.4 15.1 26.8 1.8 0.063 10.344 5.688 147.751 606.349 0.00285W. Humber GHU24 18.2 5.4 0.6 0.4 3.4 33.0 50.4 10.1 15.6 1.6 0.051 12.079 7.753 106.545 358.708 0.00165East Humber River 18.2 4.8 0.5 0.3 4.0 36.6 57.5 10.3 16.6 1.6 0.058 8.990 5.616 83.276 314.532 0Purpleville Creek 15.6 3.8 0.5 0.3 4.2 36.0 79.3 9.4 20.9 1.8 0.050 10.202 6.421 75.768 314.139 0.0064Don River D3 15.3 4.6 0.5 0.3 3.3 36.7 57.2 11.0 17.8 1.5 0.054 8.479 5.829 83.894 282.028 0.0033Don River D7 12.0 6.8 0.7 0.4 1.8 20.3 33.5 10.5 18.3 1.8 0.068 10.148 5.556 100.852 178.148 0.00405East Branch Don River 10.7 2.6 0.3 0.2 4.2 43.0 78.0 12.0 23.0 1.8 0.009 30.000 18.000 293.143 1217.143 0.0099Rouge River 13.6 5.1 0.4 0.3 2.8 33.7 52.2 13.0 20.6 1.6 0.044 10.065 6.352 115.505 309.446 0.00465Berczy Creek R11 14.0 3.2 0.3 0.2 4.4 44.1 60.1 10.6 14.6 1.4 0.102 3.071 2.250 31.166 138.095 0.0062Bruce Creek R17 12.4 4.6 0.4 0.2 2.9 36.2 112.3 12.9 38.7 3.5 0.020 18.248 9.723 232.482 634.307 0.0041Tributary of Little Rouge R32 11.4 1.3 0.2 0.2 9.8 62.8 89.7 6.6 9.7 1.4 0.008 25.238 18.214 155.595 1353.571 0.0021Robinson Creek R24 17.2 5.5 0.5 0.3 3.2 32.4 58.6 10.2 18.2 1.8 0.026 20.984 12.077 210.765 659.563 0.0037

L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/D84 L/D84WW/d D /d D/D84 d/D84

Bankfull Gradient / Pool Length

y = -7E-05x + 0.0046R2 = 0.0356

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0Length

Ban

kful

l Gra

dien

t

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Bankfull Gradient / Depth

y = -0.0036x + 0.0051R2 = 0.0482

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Depth

Ban

kful

l Gra

dien

t

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Bankfull Gradient / D84

y = -0.0212x + 0.0045R2 = 0.0521

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120

D84

Ban

kful

l Gra

dien

t

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Bankfull Gradient / WW

y = -0.0003x + 0.0049R2 = 0.0536

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0

WW

Ban

kful

l Gra

dien

t

RG/L Linear (RG/L)

Flow Yield Analysis

Creek Name DA Qbf Qlow Qlow/Qbf BY LFY14 Mile creek Site 1 2.9 1.53 0.04 2.61 0.53 0.01414 Mile creek Site 2 19.4 7.76 0.36 4.64 0.40 0.019Springbrook Creek 2.15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/AFletcher's Creek SW2 41.26 4.16 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.000Fletcher's Creek SW4 17.75 2.15 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.000W. Humber GHU10 54.13 6.21 2.15 34.59 0.11 0.040W. Humber GHU11 187.58 8.12 0.07 0.89 0.04 0.000W. Humber GHU24 93.25 5.56 1.67 30.01 0.06 0.018East Humber River 60.9 5.60 0.19 3.39 0.09 0.003Purpleville Creek 31.44 7.18 0.17 2.37 0.23 0.005Don River D3 32.63 8.00 1.63 20.38 0.25 0.050Don River D7 37.27 4.31 2.11 48.94 0.12 0.057East Branch Don River 13.5 4.72 0.12 2.54 0.35 0.009Rouge River 33.9 3.26 0.18 5.52 0.10 0.005Berczy Creek R11 22.29 2.03 0.03 1.53 0.09 0.001Bruce Creek R17 31.48 3.98 0.37 9.32 0.13 0.012Tributary of Little Rouge 4.65 0.57 0.04 6.45 0.12 0.008Robinson Creek R24 11.75 4.74 0.82 17.30 0.40 0.070

Habitat Preference Analysis

Redside Habitat Compilations

Creek Name Average Length Bankfull Gradient Riffle Gradient Bank Type Bank Ht % protected Undercuts trees shrubs tall herbsshort herbs tall grasses short grasses woody debris(m) (%) (%) (#) (m) P/A P/A P/A P/A P/A P/A P/A P/A

14 Mile creek Site 1 10.93 3 1.4 25 p p p p a p a p14 Mile creek Site 2 11.65 2 1.04 66.05 p p a p a p a aSpringbrook Creek 7.12 2.84 2 1.5 - p a p p a p a -Fletcher's Creek SW2 16.82 0.36 5.69 2 1.4 52.8 p a a p p p a aFletcher's Creek SW4 10.5 0.21 3.48 2 1.3 73.5 p a a p a p p aW. Humber GHU10 21.26 0.135 3.7 1.3 29.3 p p a p p p p pW. Humber GHU11 30.55 0.285 3.81 1.6 67.7 p p p p p p p pW. Humber GHU24 15.44 0.165 2.2 1.7 11 a p p p a p a aEast Humber River 17.82 2 1.15 10 a a a p a p a pPurpleville Creek 15.25 0.64 4.81 2 1.43 39.1 p a p p a p a aDon River D3 13.18 0.33 3.5 1.3 17.3 p a a p a p a aDon River D7 12.81 0.405 2.35 1.4 18.5 a p p p p p p aEast Branch Don River 6.61 0.99 2.66 2 1.1 28.25 p p p p p a a pRouge River 12.42 0.465 4.63 2 1.09 15.75 a a a p p p p pBerczy Creek R11 10.39 0.62 6.78 0.9 73.5 a p p p a p a aBruce Creek R17 10.65 0.41 3.82 1.1 46.3 a a a p a p a aTributary of Little Rouge R 11.37 0.21 3.98 3.3 74 a a a p a p a aRobinson Creek R24 13.84 0.37 2.63 1 11.6 a p p p p a a p

Max 30.55 0.99 6.78 3.00 3.30 74.00Mean 13.81 0.40 3.79 2.11 1.39 38.80

Min 6.61 0.14 2.20 2.00 0.90 10.00Std. Dev. 5.52 0.23 1.27 0.33 0.52 24.52

Simple 1Complex 2Vertical 3

Overhang 4Valley 5Other 6

Data Compilation

All Sites, Mean Depth / D84

y = 0.0001x + 0.2769R2 = 0.0003

y = -0.0265x + 0.12R2 = 0.0002

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160

D84 (m)

d (m

)

pools d / D84

riffles d / D84

All Sites, Wetted Width / D84

y = 0.0094x + 4.555R2 = 0.0048

y = 19.904x + 2.627R2 = 0.159

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160

D84 (m)

WW

(m)

pools WW / D84

riffles WW / D84

All Sites, Length / D84

y = -0.0461x + 16.296R2 = 0.0062

y = 23.096x + 8.5583R2 = 0.01940.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160

D84 (m)

L (m

)

pools L / D84

riffles L / D84

Data Compulation

All Sites Combined# L d WW D84 d/D84 WW/D84 L/D84

p1 8 0.10 1.15 0.015 6.67 76.67 533.33r2 10.2 0.04 0.37 0.010 4.00 37.00 1,020.00p3 17 0.13 0.91 0.020 6.50 45.50 850.00r4 25.7 0.07 0.57 0.020 3.50 28.50 1,285.00p5 6.1 0.30 2.64 0.090 3.33 29.33 67.78p6 6.9 0.10 1.57 0.030 3.33 52.33 230.00r7 4.1 0.09 1.02 0 0 0.00 0.00p8 18.3 0.36 2.84 0 0 0.00 0.00r9 3.9 0.05 1.29 0.030 1.67 43.00 130.00

r10 9.1 0.05 0.92 0 0 0.00 0.00r1 14.1 0.03 1.81 0.050 0.60 36.20 282.00r2 2.9 0.09 3.20 0.070 1.29 45.71 41.43r3 5.4 0.08 2.37 0.030 2.67 79.00 180.00p4 9.6 0.23 4.21 0 0 0.00 0.00r5 2.6 0.04 3.52 0.060 0.67 58.67 43.33r6 23.5 0.04 4.62 0.120 0.33 38.50 195.83p7 13 0.32 5.46 0 0 0.00 0.00r8 15.9 0.11 2.38 0 0 0.00 0.00r9 17.1 0.04 1.04 0.030 1.33 34.67 570.00

p10 12.4 0.32 6.81 0 0 0.00 0.00p1 13.1 0.10 2.33 0.093 1.08 25.05 140.86r2 3.1 0.07 1.87 0.097 0.72 19.28 31.96r3 4.0 0.04 2.39 0.097 0.41 24.64 41.24r4 4.0 0.01 1.50 0.069 0.14 21.74 57.97p5 8.5 0.18 2.88 0.098 1.84 29.39 86.73p6 9.2 0.08 1.72 0.143 0.56 12.03 64.34p7 5.1 0.20 2.59 0.086 2.33 30.12 59.30r8 11.7 0.09 3.45 0.048 1.88 71.88 243.75r9 6.2 0.01 2.66 0.079 0.13 33.67 78.48

p10 6.3 0.13 2.98 0.056 2.32 53.21 112.50p1 28.2 0.40 5.77 0.029 13.79 198.97 972.41r2 4.0 0.08 4.25 0.140 0.57 30.36 28.57p3 12.0 0.11 2.88 0.078 1.41 36.92 153.85p4 17.1 0.28 4.49 0.018 15.56 249.44 950.00p5 15.8 0.15 3.70 0.116 1.29 31.90 136.21r6 4.8 0.19 6.36 0.068 2.79 93.53 70.59p7 21.8 0.18 6.06 0.130 1.38 46.62 167.69p8 19.5 0.35 6.94 0.009 38.89 771.11 2,166.67r9 5.0 0.08 4.41 0.108 0.74 40.83 46.30

p10 40.0 0.30 4.65 0.040 7.50 116.25 1,000.00r1 7.2 0.13 2.40 0.054 2.41 44.44 133.33r2 5.5 0.12 1.51 0.050 2.40 30.20 110.00r3 10.5 0.15 3.01 0.057 2.63 52.81 184.21r4 7.9 0.26 3.77 0.028 9.29 134.64 282.14p5 21.5 0.18 5.77 0.004 45.00 1,442.50 5,375.00p6 21.0 0.41 5.64 0.001 410.00 5,640.00 21,000.00p7 6.2 0.28 3.73 0.034 8.24 109.71 182.35p8 6.0 0.20 3.14 0.050 4.00 62.80 120.00p9 8.2 0.41 3.33 0.018 22.78 185.00 455.56r10 11.0 0.12 2.12 0.017 7.06 124.71 647.06

14 M

ile C

reek

S1

14 M

ile C

reek

S2

Spr

ingb

rook

Cre

ekFl

etch

er's

Cre

ek S

W2

Flet

cher

's C

reek

SW

4

Data Compulation

p1 24.8 0.51 9.41 0.013 39.23 723.85 1,907.69p2 18.6 0.57 8.25 0.068 8.38 121.32 273.53p3 22.6 0.41 8.16 0.019 21.58 429.47 1,189.47p4 24.1 0.28 7.10 0.075 3.73 94.67 321.33r5 13.5 0.17 7.80 0.037 4.59 210.81 364.86p6 22.6 0.41 8.10 0.072 5.69 112.50 313.89r7 22.5 0.14 5.23 0.087 1.61 60.11 258.62r8 9.3 0.10 6.78 0.107 0.93 63.36 86.92p9 24.2 0.32 7.56 0.027 11.85 280.00 896.30r10 30.4 0.28 7.24 0.050 5.60 144.80 608.00p1 39.7 0.39 7.46 0.017 22.94 438.82 2,335.29r2 14.4 0.10 8.71 0.159 0.63 54.78 90.57r3 28.5 0.12 7.97 0.170 0.71 46.88 167.65p4 11.3 0.35 7.87 0.083 0.00 0.09 0.14p5 31.1 0.27 10.84 0.037 7.30 292.97 840.54p6 68.2 0.40 10.37 0.082 4.88 126.46 831.71r7 25.0 0.15 8.85 0.099 1.52 89.39 252.53r8 8.4 0.07 11.25 0.062 1.13 181.45 135.48p9 41.1 0.32 9.30 0.133 2.41 69.92 309.02

p10 37.8 0.42 10.01 0.026 16.15 385.00 1,453.85p1 23.8 0.36 6.55 0.058 6.21 112.93 410.34p2 19.7 0.32 6.11 0.030 10.67 203.67 656.67p3 15.8 0.43 4.75 0.039 11.03 121.79 405.13p4 19.5 0.44 4.65 0.020 22.00 232.50 975.00p5 16.4 0.49 4.06 0.070 7.00 58.00 234.29p6 15.7 0.20 6.33 0.049 4.08 129.18 320.41p7 16.8 0.52 5.48 0.090 5.78 60.89 186.67r8 9.2 0.27 6.08 0.038 7.11 160.00 242.11r9 12.2 0.33 5.30 0.014 23.57 378.57 871.43

r10 5.3 0.22 6.44 0.008 27.50 805.00 662.50r1 29.6 0.13 4.26 0.08 1.56 0.00 0.00p2 9.6 0.42 6.58 0.05 9.25 658.00 960.00p3 18.2 0.42 4.79 0.03 14.00 43.55 165.45r4 19.2 0.20 5.05 0.04 4.50 0.00 0.00p5 25.7 0.22 4.87 0.13 1.72 121.75 642.50p6 17.8 0.25 3.95 0.11 2.26 24.69 111.25r7 24.2 0.15 5.55 0.02 6.55 185.00 806.67p8 14.4 0.07 3.74 0.01 6.44 46.75 180.00p9 12.9 0.42 4.68 0.01 30.78 39.00 107.50

p10 6.6 0.44 3.35 0.01 35.02 27.92 55.00p1 27 0.60 2.22 0 0 26.84 326.48p2 4 0.29 3.63 0.010 29.00 80.67 88.89r3 21.5 0.43 2.58 0.110 3.91 86.00 716.67p4 6.5 0.32 3.13 0 0 71.14 147.73r5 9.5 0.31 3.10 0.040 7.75 24.74 75.82p6 6.5 0.30 3.28 0.160 1.88 29.82 59.09p7 10 0.34 4.23 0.030 11.33 180.77 427.35p8 21.5 0.25 5.79 0.080 3.13 55.25 205.15p9 13 0.18 3.87 0.120 1.50 28.67 96.30r10 33 0.07 4.04 0.120 0.58 31.81 259.84

Wes

t hum

ber G

HU

24P

urpl

eville

Cre

ekE

ast H

umbe

rW

est h

umbe

r GH

U10

Wes

t hum

ber G

HU

11

Data Compulation

p1 8.8 0.09 3.61 0.106 0.85 34.06 83.02p2 13.2 0.31 4.60 0.100 3.10 46.00 132.00p3 21.7 0.25 5.26 0.100 2.50 52.60 217.00p4 19.0 0.45 4.85 0.004 112.50 1,212.50 4,750.00r5 2.0 0.09 4.04 0.110 0.82 36.73 18.18p6 28.4 0.30 4.41 0.049 6.12 90.00 579.59p7 5.8 0.47 4.32 0.029 16.21 148.97 200.00p8 15.9 0.45 5.11 0.028 16.07 182.50 567.86p9 9.6 0.21 4.25 0.018 11.67 236.11 533.33r10 7.4 0.12 4.13 0.158 0.76 26.14 46.84r1 8.8 0.15 5.74 0.090 1.67 63.78 97.78r2 13.3 0.13 5.31 0.093 1.40 57.10 143.01r3 28.0 0.10 5.88 0.060 1.67 98.00 466.67r4 11.1 0.12 7.67 0.083 1.45 92.41 133.73p5 5.5 0.41 6.12 0.034 12.06 180.00 161.76p6 14.1 0.31 6.52 0.113 2.74 57.70 124.78r7 6.1 0.14 5.78 0.142 0.99 40.70 42.96p8 21.9 0.37 6.71 0.120 3.08 55.92 182.50r9 12.7 0.12 7.01 0.150 0.80 46.73 84.67

p10 6.6 0.41 7.88 0.003 136.67 2,626.67 2,200.00r1 3.1 0.05 2.99 0.015 3.33 199.33 206.67r2 5.3 0.09 1.92 0.015 6.00 128.00 353.33r3 1 0.11 1.61 0.015 7.33 107.33 66.67p4 9.9 0.07 3.56 0.006 11.67 593.33 1,650.00p5 4.5 0.09 1.72 0.012 7.50 143.33 375.00r6 4 0.05 2.22 0.016 3.13 138.75 250.00p7 11.8 0.19 2.56 0.006 31.67 426.67 1,966.67r8 6.1 0.06 3.78 0.020 3.00 189.00 305.00r9 4 0.06 2.31 0.015 4.00 154.00 266.67

p10 16.4 0.28 2.42 0.011 25.45 220.00 1,490.91p1 12.1 0.24 3.45 0.090 2.67 38.33 134.44p2 18.6 0.40 4.43 0.010 40.00 443.00 1,860.00p3 16.8 0.24 6.04 0.030 8.00 201.33 560.00r4 3.9 0.12 2.01 0.040 3.00 50.25 97.50p5 9.2 0.29 6.47 0.095 3.05 68.11 96.84p6 12.4 0.37 4.03 0.002 185.00 2,015.00 6,200.00r7 17.9 0.12 2.25 0.140 0.86 16.07 127.86p8 16 0.28 5.96 0.040 7.00 149.00 400.00r9 7.4 0.07 3.95 0.085 0.82 46.47 87.06

p10 9.9 0.13 5.08 0.040 3.25 127.00 247.50p1 22.3 0.27 3.66 0.085 3.18 43.06 262.35r2 2.0 0.08 2.46 0.090 0.89 27.33 22.22p3 11.4 0.21 3.75 0.060 3.50 62.50 190.00p4 10.6 0.23 2.73 0.135 1.70 20.22 78.52r5 5.4 0.11 1.61 0.060 1.83 26.83 90.00p6 15.8 0.28 3.01 0.175 1.60 17.20 90.29r7 5.4 0.08 2.86 0.109 0.73 26.24 49.54p8 17.1 0.25 3.05 0.087 2.87 35.06 196.55r9 7.0 0.04 2.53 0.085 0.47 29.76 82.35

p10 6.9 0.13 2.78 0.067 1.94 41.49 102.99

Don

Riv

er D

3D

on R

iver

D7

Ber

czy

cree

k R

11R

ouge

Riv

erD

on R

iver

Data Compulation

p1 6.3 0.19 4.06 0.026 7.31 156.15 242.31r2 7.6 0.01 3.25 0.033 0.39 98.48 230.30p3 13.6 0.03 4.63 0.023 1.39 201.30 591.30p4 8.6 0.13 2.96 0.015 8.67 197.33 573.33p5 12.8 0.29 7.09 0.018 16.11 393.89 711.11r6 5.9 0.07 3.29 0.109 0.64 30.18 54.13r7 6.1 0.09 2.91 0.083 1.08 35.06 73.49p8 21.7 0.17 3.61 0.014 12.14 257.86 1,550.00p9 4.6 0.25 5.13 0.035 7.14 146.57 131.43

p10 19.3 0.27 4.37 0.006 45.00 728.33 3,216.67p1 26.0 0.19 1.58 ms n.a. n.a. n.a.p2 12.3 0.15 2.67 fs n.a. n.a. n.a.p3 5.6 0.21 1.09 fs n.a. n.a. n.a.p4 9.5 0.25 1.32 0.001 250.00 1,320.00 9,500.00p5 10.4 0.17 1.00 0.001 170.00 1,000.00 10,400.00p6 10.7 0.05 0.83 0.005 10.00 166.00 2,140.00p7 7.2 0.11 1.89 0.010 11.00 189.00 720.00p8 8.4 0.11 0.83 0.002 55.00 415.00 4,200.00p9 8.4 0.19 1.11 fs n.a. n.a. n.a.

p10 15.2 0.10 0.75 0.005 20.00 150.00 3,040.00p1 20.1 0.40 4.82 0.008 50.00 602.50 2,512.50p2 3 0.29 5.73 0.001 290.00 5,730.00 3,000.00p3 16.9 0.35 6.75 0.040 8.75 168.75 422.50p4 22.7 0.25 6.53 0.027 9.26 241.85 840.74r5 5 0.21 5.43 0.015 14.00 362.00 333.33r6 6.7 0.25 3.25 0.035 7.14 92.86 191.43p7 24.7 0.21 4.50 0.027 7.78 166.67 914.81p8 19.6 0.39 5.21 0.050 7.80 104.20 392.00r9 6 0.17 4.01 0.075 2.27 53.47 80.00

p10 13.7 0.32 5.03 0.030 10.67 167.67 456.67

Bru

ce C

reek

R17

Littl

e R

ouge

trib

utar

y (R

32)

Rob

inso

n C

reek

MAX 0.60 11.25 0.175 410.00 5,730.00 6,200.00MAXMIN 1 0.01 0.37 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00

12.64571 0.22 4.31 0.054 16.10 12.95 12.957.573671 0.13 2.24 0.044 47.30 719.60 912.02

MINMEAN

STD. DEVIATION

Data Compulation

POOLS

# L d WW D84 d/D84

p1 8.0 0.10 1.15 0.015 6.67p3 17.0 0.13 0.91 0.020 6.50p5 6.1 0.30 2.64 0.090 3.33p6 6.9 0.10 1.57 0.030 3.33p8 18.3 0.36 2.84 0.003 0 0.032p4 9.6 0.23 4.21 100.000 0p7 13.0 0.32 5.46 100.000 0

p10 12.4 0.32 6.81 100.000 0 100.000p1 13.1 0.10 2.33 0.093 1.08p5 8.5 0.18 2.88 0.098 1.84p6 9.2 0.08 1.72 0.143 0.56p7 5.1 0.20 2.59 0.086 2.33

p10 6.3 0.13 2.98 0.056 2.32 0.095p1 28.2 0.40 5.77 0.029 13.79p3 12.0 0.11 2.88 0.078 1.41p4 17.1 0.28 4.49 0.018 15.56p5 15.8 0.15 3.70 0.116 1.29p7 21.8 0.18 6.06 0.130 1.38p8 19.5 0.35 6.94 0.009 38.89

p10 40.0 0.30 4.65 0.040 7.50 0.060p5 21.5 0.18 5.77 0.004 45.00p6 21.0 0.41 5.64 0.001 410.00p7 6.2 0.28 3.73 0.034 8.24p8 6.0 0.20 3.14 0.050 4.00p9 8.2 0.41 3.33 0.018 22.78 0.021p1 24.8 0.51 9.41 0.013 39.23p2 18.6 0.57 8.25 0.068 8.38p3 22.6 0.41 8.16 0.019 21.58p4 24.1 0.28 7.10 0.075 3.73p6 22.6 0.41 8.10 0.072 5.69p9 24.2 0.32 7.56 0.027 11.85 0.046p1 39.7 0.39 7.46 0.017 22.94p4 11.3 0.35 7.87 0.083 0.00p5 31.1 0.27 10.84 0.037 7.30p6 68.2 0.40 10.37 0.082 4.88p9 41.1 0.32 9.30 0.133 2.41

p10 37.8 0.42 10.01 0.026 16.15 0.063p1 23.8 0.36 6.55 0.058 6.21p2 19.7 0.32 6.11 0.030 10.67p3 15.8 0.43 4.75 0.039 11.03p4 19.5 0.44 4.65 0.020 22.00p5 16.4 0.49 4.06 0.070 7.00p6 15.7 0.20 6.33 0.049 4.08p7 16.8 0.52 5.48 0.090 5.78 0.051p1 4.0 0.60 3.63 0 0p2 21.5 0.29 2.58 0.010 29.00p4 9.5 0.32 3.10 0 0p6 6.5 0.30 3.28 0.160 1.88p7 21.5 0.34 5.79 0.030 11.33p8 13.0 0.25 3.87 0.080 3.13p9 33.0 0.18 4.04 0.120 1.50 0.058

Spr

ingb

rook

Flet

cher

's S

W2

Flet

ch S

W4

W H

um G

HU

10W

Hum

GH

U11

W H

um G

HU

2414

MC

114

MC

2E

ast H

umbe

r

Data Compulation

p2 29.6 0.42 4.26 0.05 9.25p3 9.6 0.42 6.58 0.03 14.00p5 19.2 0.22 5.05 0.13 1.72p6 17.8 0.25 3.95 0.11 2.26p8 24.2 0.07 5.55 0.01 6.44p9 14.4 0.42 3.74 0.01 30.78

p10 12.9 0.44 4.68 0.01 35.02 0.050p1 8.8 0.09 3.61 0.106 0.85p2 13.2 0.31 4.60 0.100 3.10p3 21.7 0.25 5.26 0.100 2.50p4 19.0 0.45 4.85 0.004 112.50p6 28.4 0.30 4.41 0.049 6.12p7 5.8 0.47 4.32 0.029 16.21p8 15.9 0.45 5.11 0.028 16.07p9 9.6 0.21 4.25 0.018 11.67 0.054p5 5.5 0.41 6.12 0.034 12.06p6 14.1 0.31 6.52 0.113 2.74p8 21.9 0.37 6.71 0.120 3.08

p10 6.6 0.41 7.88 0.003 136.67 0.068p4 9.9 0.07 3.56 0.006 11.67p5 4.5 0.09 1.72 0.012 7.50p7 11.8 0.19 2.56 0.006 31.67

p10 16.4 0.28 2.42 0.011 25.45 0.009p1 12.1 0.24 3.45 0.090 2.67p2 18.6 0.40 4.43 0.010 40.00p3 16.8 0.24 6.04 0.030 8.00p5 9.2 0.29 6.47 0.095 3.05p6 12.4 0.37 4.03 0.002 185.00p8 16.0 0.28 5.96 0.040 7.00

p10 9.9 0.13 5.08 0.040 3.25 0.044p1 22.3 0.27 3.66 0.085 3.18p3 11.4 0.21 3.75 0.060 3.50p4 10.6 0.23 2.73 0.135 1.70p6 15.8 0.28 3.01 0.175 1.60p8 17.1 0.25 3.05 0.087 2.87

p10 6.9 0.13 2.78 0.067 1.94 0.102p1 6.3 0.19 4.06 0.026 7.31p3 13.6 0.03 4.63 0.023 1.39p4 8.6 0.13 2.96 0.015 8.67p5 12.8 0.29 7.09 0.018 16.11p8 21.7 0.17 3.61 0.014 12.14p9 4.6 0.25 5.13 0.035 7.14

p10 19.3 0.27 4.37 0.006 45.00 0.020p1 26.0 0.19 1.58 0.03 n.a. msp2 12.3 0.15 2.67 0.01 n.a. fsp3 5.6 0.21 1.09 0.01 n.a. fsp4 9.5 0.25 1.32 0.001 250.00p5 10.4 0.17 1.00 0.001 170.00p6 10.7 0.05 0.83 0.005 10.00p7 7.2 0.11 1.89 0.010 11.00p8 8.4 0.11 0.83 0.002 55.00p9 8.4 0.19 1.11 0.01 n.a. fs

p10 15.2 0.10 0.75 0.005 20.00 0.008p1 20.1 0.40 4.82 0.008 50.00p2 3.0 0.29 5.73 0.001 290.00p3 16.9 0.35 6.75 0.040 8.75p4 22.7 0.25 6.53 0.027 9.26p7 24.7 0.21 4.50 0.027 7.78p8 19.6 0.39 5.21 0.050 7.80

p10 13.7 0.32 5.03 0.030 10.67 0.026

Don

Riv

er D

3D

on E

Br

Rou

ge R

iver

Rob

inso

n cr

eek

Don

D7

Ber

czy

Cre

ekB

ruce

Cre

ek R

17

Littl

e R

ouge

trib

utar

y (R

32)

Pur

plev

ille C

reek

MAX 0.60 10.84 100.00 410.00MAXMIN 3 0.03 0.75 0.00 0.00

14.6575 0.28 4.58 2.75 24.456.84532 0.12 2.20 16.28 59.17

MEANSTD. DEVIATION

MIN

Data Compulation

RIFFLES

# L d ww D84 d/D84

r2 10.2 0.04 0.37 0.010 4.00r4 25.7 0.07 0.57 0.020 3.50r7 4.1 0.09 1.02 0 0r9 3.9 0.05 1.29 0.030 1.67

r10 9.1 0.05 0.92 0 0 0.012r1 14.1 0.05 1.81 0.015 3.33r2 2.9 0.09 3.20 0.015 6.00r3 5.4 0.11 2.37 0.015 7.33r5 2.6 0.04 3.52 0.060 0.67r6 23.5 0.05 4.62 0.016 3.13r8 15.9 0.06 2.38 0.020 3.00r9 17.1 0.06 1.04 0.015 4.00 0.022r2 3.1 0.07 1.87 0.097 0.72r3 4.0 0.04 2.39 0.097 0.41r4 4.0 0.01 1.50 0.069 0.14r8 11.7 0.09 3.45 0.048 1.88r9 6.2 0.01 2.66 0.079 0.13 0.078r2 4.0 0.08 4.25 0.140 0.57r6 4.8 0.19 6.36 0.068 2.79r9 5.0 0.08 4.41 0.108 0.74 0.105r1 7.2 0.13 2.40 0.054 2.41r2 5.5 0.12 1.51 0.050 2.40r3 10.5 0.15 3.01 0.057 2.63r4 7.9 0.26 3.77 0.028 9.29

r10 11.0 0.12 2.12 0.017 7.06 0.041r5 13.5 0.17 7.80 0.037 4.59r7 22.5 0.14 5.23 0.087 1.61r8 9.3 0.10 6.78 0.107 0.93

r10 30.4 0.28 7.24 0.050 5.60 0.070r2 14.4 0.10 8.71 0.159 0.63r3 28.5 0.12 7.97 0.170 0.71r7 25.0 0.15 8.85 0.099 1.52r8 8.4 0.07 11.25 0.062 1.13 0.123r8 9.2 0.27 6.08 0.038 7.11r9 12.2 0.33 5.30 0.014 23.57

r10 5.3 0.22 6.44 0.008 27.50 0.020r3 27.0 0.43 2.22 0.110 3.91r5 6.5 0.31 3.13 0.040 7.75

r10 10.0 0.07 4.23 0.120 0.58 0.090r1 18.2 0.13 4.79 0.08 1.56r4 25.7 0.20 4.87 0.04 4.50r7 6.6 0.15 3.35 0.02 6.55 0.050r5 2.0 0.09 4.04 0.110 0.82

r10 7.4 0.12 4.13 0.158 0.76 0.134r1 8.8 0.15 5.74 0.090 1.67r2 13.3 0.13 5.31 0.093 1.40r3 28.0 0.10 5.88 0.060 1.67r4 11.1 0.12 7.67 0.083 1.45r7 6.1 0.14 5.78 0.142 0.99r9 12.7 0.12 7.01 0.150 0.80 0.103r1 3.1 0.05 2.99 0.015 3.33r2 5.3 0.09 1.92 0.015 6.00r3 1.0 0.11 1.61 0.015 7.33r6 4.0 0.05 2.22 0.016 3.13r8 6.1 0.06 3.78 0.020 3.00r9 4.0 0.06 2.31 0.015 4.00 0.016r4 3.9 0.12 2.01 0.040 3.00r7 17.9 0.12 2.25 0.140 0.86r9 7.4 0.07 3.95 0.085 0.82 0.088r2 2.0 0.08 2.46 0.090 0.89r5 5.4 0.11 1.61 0.060 1.83r7 5.4 0.08 2.86 0.109 0.73r9 7.0 0.04 2.53 0.085 0.47 0.086r2 7.6 0.01 3.25 0.033 0.39r6 5.9 0.07 3.29 0.109 0.64r7 6.1 0.09 2.91 0.083 1.08 0.075r5 5.0 0.21 5.43 0.015 14.00r6 6.7 0.25 3.25 0.035 7.14r9 5.0 0.17 4.01 0.075 2.27 0.042

D3

Don

Riv

D7

Ber

czy

R11

R17

Don

R E

ast B

rR

ouge

Rob

14 M

C 1

14 M

C 2

Pur

plev

iE. H

um

Spr

ingb

rook

Fl S

W2

Fl S

W4

W H

um 1

0W

Hum

11

Ghu

24

MAX 0.43 11.25 0.17 27.50MAXMIN 1 0.01 0.37 0.00 0.00

9.93 0.12 3.87 0.06 3.457.793771 0.08 2.25 0.05 4.69

MINMEAN

STD. DEVIATION

Data Compulation

All Sites CombinedL WW D d L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d D/d

MAX 68.20 11.25 1.04 0.60 45.09 391.67 620.00 93.75 266.00 15.38MIN 1.00 0.37 0.02 0.01 0.50 5.56 9.09 3.91 5.19 1.13MEAN 13.81 4.31 0.35 0.22 4.11 53.01 91.74 16.27 29.70 1.79STD. DEVIATION 9.28 2.24 0.21 0.13 4.69 52.66 100.40 13.54 34.24 1.48

Pools


Riffles


L - lengthWW - wetted widthD - maximum depthd - mean depth

Data Compulation

Riffles, Wetted Width / Depth

y = 10.252x + 2.6424R2 = 0.133

y = 9.1835x + 2.0622R2 = 0.2539

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

D, d (m)

WW

(m)

WW/D

WW/d

Riffles, Max. Depth / Mean Depth

y = 1.3361x + 0.0376R2 = 0.7505

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50

d (m)

D (m

)

D/d

Riffles, Length / Depth

y = 28.938x + 6.7059R2 = 0.0947

y = 20.82x + 6.0534R2 = 0.1166

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

D, d (m)

L (m

)

L/D L/d

Riffles, Wetted Width / Length

y = 0.1033x + 2.7949R2 = 0.1194

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0

L (m)

WW

(m)

L/WW

Data Compulation

# L WW D d L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d D /d D84

r2 10.2 0.37 0.06 0.04 27.57 170.00 255.00 6.17 9.25 1.50r4 25.7 0.57 0.08 0.07 45.09 321.25 367.14 7.13 8.14 1.14r7 4.1 1.02 0.13 0.09 4.02 31.54 45.56 7.85 11.33 1.44r9 3.9 1.29 0.09 0.05 3.02 43.33 78.00 14.33 25.80 1.80r10 9.1 0.92 0.11 0.05 9.89 82.73 182.00 8.36 18.40 2.20r1 14.1 1.81 0.05 0.03 7.79 282.00 470.00 36.20 60.33 1.67r2 2.9 3.20 0.16 0.09 0.91 18.13 32.22 20.00 35.56 1.78r3 5.4 2.37 0.13 0.08 2.28 41.54 67.50 18.23 29.63 1.63r5 2.6 3.52 0.07 0.04 0.74 37.14 65.00 50.29 88.00 1.75r6 23.5 4.62 0.06 0.04 5.09 391.67 587.50 77.00 115.50 1.50r8 15.9 2.38 0.19 0.11 6.68 83.68 144.55 12.53 21.64 1.73r9 17.1 1.04 0.06 0.04 16.44 285.00 427.50 17.33 26.00 1.50r2 3.1 1.87 0.09 0.07 1.66 34.44 44.29 20.78 26.71 1.29 0.097r3 4.0 2.39 0.07 0.04 1.67 57.14 100.00 34.14 59.75 1.75 0.097r4 4.0 1.50 0.02 0.01 2.67 200.00 400.00 75.00 150.00 2.00 0.069r8 11.7 3.45 0.15 0.09 3.39 78.00 130.00 23.00 38.33 1.67 0.048r9 6.2 2.66 0.03 0.01 2.33 206.67 620.00 88.67 266.00 3.00 0.079r2 4.0 4.25 0.12 0.08 0.94 33.33 50.00 35.42 53.13 1.50 0.140r6 4.8 6.36 0.29 0.19 0.75 16.55 25.26 21.93 33.47 1.53 0.068r9 5.0 4.41 0.15 0.08 1.13 33.33 62.50 29.40 55.13 1.88 0.108r1 7.2 2.40 0.17 0.13 3.00 42.35 55.38 14.12 18.46 1.31 0.054r2 5.5 1.51 0.17 0.12 3.64 32.35 45.83 8.88 12.58 1.42 0.050r3 10.5 3.01 0.24 0.15 3.49 43.75 70.00 12.54 20.07 1.60 0.057r4 7.9 3.77 0.37 0.26 2.10 21.35 30.38 10.19 14.50 1.42 0.028r10 11.0 2.12 0.18 0.12 5.19 61.11 91.67 11.78 17.67 1.50 0.017r5 13.5 7.80 0.27 0.17 1.73 50.00 79.41 28.89 45.88 1.59 0.037r7 22.5 5.23 0.21 0.14 4.30 107.14 160.71 24.90 37.36 1.50 0.087r8 9.3 6.78 0.14 0.10 1.37 66.43 93.00 48.43 67.80 1.40 0.107r10 30.4 7.24 0.39 0.28 4.20 77.95 108.57 18.56 25.86 1.39 0.050r2 14.4 8.71 0.24 0.10 1.65 60.00 144.00 36.29 87.10 2.40 0.159r3 28.5 7.97 0.24 0.12 3.58 118.75 237.50 33.21 66.42 2.00 0.170r7 25.0 8.85 0.63 0.15 2.82 39.68 166.67 14.05 59.00 4.20 0.099r8 8.4 11.25 0.12 0.07 0.75 70.00 120.00 93.75 160.71 1.71 0.062r8 9.2 6.08 0.37 0.27 1.51 24.86 34.07 16.43 22.52 1.37 0.038r9 12.2 5.30 0.38 0.33 2.30 32.11 36.97 13.95 16.06 1.15 0.014r3 18.2 4.79 0.59 0.43 3.80 30.85 42.33 8.12 11.14 1.37r5 25.7 4.87 0.43 0.31 5.28 59.77 82.90 11.33 15.71 1.39r10 6.6 3.35 0.09 0.07 1.97 73.33 94.29 37.22 47.86 1.29r1 27.0 2.22 0.20 0.13 12.16 135.00 208.98 11.10 17.18 1.55 8.27r4 6.5 3.13 0.28 0.20 2.08 23.21 32.83 11.18 15.81 1.41 4.40r7 10.0 4.23 0.32 0.15 2.36 31.25 65.27 13.22 27.61 2.09 2.34r5 2.0 4.04 0.22 0.09 0.50 9.09 22.22 18.36 44.89 2.44 0.110r10 7.4 4.13 0.22 0.12 1.79 33.64 61.67 18.77 34.42 1.83 0.158r1 8.8 5.74 0.23 0.15 1.53 38.26 58.67 24.96 38.27 1.53 0.090r2 13.3 5.31 0.20 0.13 2.50 66.50 102.31 26.55 40.85 1.54 0.093r3 28.0 5.88 0.16 0.10 4.76 175.00 280.00 36.75 58.80 1.60 0.060r4 11.1 7.67 0.15 0.12 1.45 74.00 92.50 51.13 63.92 1.25 0.083r7 6.1 5.78 0.29 0.14 1.06 21.03 43.57 19.93 41.29 2.07 0.142r9 12.7 7.01 0.29 0.12 1.81 43.79 105.83 24.17 58.42 2.42 0.150r1 3.1 2.99 0.13 0.05 1.04 23.85 62.00 23.00 59.80 2.60r2 5.3 1.92 0.16 0.09 2.76 33.13 58.89 12.00 21.33 1.78r3 1.0 1.61 0.18 0.11 0.62 5.56 9.09 8.94 14.64 1.64r6 4.0 2.22 0.08 0.05 1.80 50.00 80.00 27.75 44.40 1.60r8 6.1 3.78 0.10 0.06 1.61 61.00 101.67 37.80 63.00 1.67r9 4.0 2.31 0.10 0.06 1.73 40.00 66.67 23.10 38.50 1.67r4 3.9 2.01 0.16 0.12 1.94 24.38 32.50 12.56 16.75 1.33r7 17.9 2.25 0.17 0.12 7.96 105.29 149.17 13.24 18.75 1.42r9 7.4 3.95 0.11 0.07 1.87 67.27 105.71 35.91 56.43 1.57r2 2.0 2.46 0.12 0.08 0.81 16.67 25.00 20.50 30.75 1.50 0.090r5 5.4 1.61 0.14 0.11 3.35 38.57 49.09 11.50 14.64 1.27 0.060r7 5.4 2.86 0.14 0.08 1.89 38.57 67.50 20.43 35.75 1.75 0.109r9 7.0 2.53 0.08 0.04 2.77 87.50 175.00 31.63 63.25 2.00 0.085r2 7.6 3.25 0.20 0.01 2.34 38.00 584.62 16.25 250.00 15.38 0.033r6 5.9 3.29 0.15 0.07 1.79 39.33 84.29 21.93 47.00 2.14 0.109r7 6.1 2.91 0.13 0.09 2.10 46.92 67.78 22.38 32.33 1.44 0.083r5 5.0 5.43 0.40 0.21 0.92 12.50 23.81 13.58 25.86 1.90r6 6.7 3.25 0.40 0.25 2.06 16.75 26.80 8.13 13.00 1.60r9 5.0 4.01 0.28 0.17 1.25 17.86 29.41 14.32 23.59 1.65

Bru

ce R

WH

HU

10W

H H

U11

HU

24D

3D

on R

iver

Rou

ge

MAX

Rob

in.

E. H

um14

Mile

S1

14 M

ile C

reek

S2

Pur

pl.

Spr

ingb

rook

F. S

W2

Flet

ch S

W4

Don

Riv

er D

7B

ercz

y R

1

30.40 11.25 0.63 0.43 45.09 391.67 620.00 93.75 266.00 15.38 8.271.00 0.37 0.02 0.01 0.50 5.56 9.09 6.17 8.14 1.14 0.0110.07 3.84 0.19 0.12 3.96 71.66 128.24 24.67 46.91 1.91 0.447.51 2.25 0.12 0.08 6.47 76.29 140.26 18.39 47.31 1.72 1.46

MEANSTD. DEVIATION

MAXMIN

Data Compulation

Pools, Wetted Width / Depth

y = 9.5379x + 1.9369R2 = 0.2838

y = 6.979x + 1.5083R2 = 0.4125

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

D, d (m)

WW

(m)

WW/D

WW/d

Pools, Max. Depth / Mean Depth

y = 1.4584x + 0.036R2 = 0.7835

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

d (m)

D (m

)

D/d

Pools, Length / Depth

y = 29.119x + 8.0973R2 = 0.1408

y = 18.979x + 7.8137R2 = 0.1624

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

D, d (m)

L (m

)

L/D L/d

Pools, Wetted Width / Length y = 0.1272x + 2.5239R2 = 0.3041

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0

L (m)

WW

(m)

L/WW

Data Compulation

# L WW D d L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d D /d D84 R(d)/D84

p1 8.0 1.15 0.12 0.10 6.96 66.67 80.00 9.58 11.50 1.20p3 17.0 0.91 0.18 0.13 18.68 94.44 130.77 5.06 7.00 1.38p5 6.1 2.64 0.39 0.30 2.31 15.64 20.33 6.77 8.80 1.30p6 6.9 1.57 0.15 0.10 4.39 46.00 69.00 10.47 15.70 1.50p8 18.3 2.84 0.46 0.36 6.44 39.78 50.83 6.17 7.89 1.28p4 9.6 4.21 0.36 0.23 2.28 26.67 41.74 11.69 18.30 1.57p7 13.0 5.46 0.44 0.32 2.38 29.55 40.63 12.41 17.06 1.38p10 12.4 6.81 0.50 0.32 1.82 24.80 38.75 13.62 21.28 1.56p1 13.1 2.33 0.14 0.10 5.62 93.57 131.00 16.64 23.30 1.40p5 8.5 2.88 0.33 0.18 2.95 25.76 47.22 8.73 16.00 1.83p6 9.2 1.72 0.11 0.08 5.35 83.64 115.00 15.64 21.50 1.38p7 5.1 2.59 0.36 0.20 1.97 14.17 25.50 7.19 12.95 1.80p10 6.3 2.98 0.20 0.13 2.11 31.50 48.46 14.90 22.92 1.54p1 28.2 5.77 0.61 0.40 4.89 46.23 70.50 9.46 14.43 1.53p3 12.0 2.88 0.14 0.11 4.17 85.71 109.09 20.57 26.18 1.27p4 17.1 4.49 0.54 0.28 3.81 31.67 61.07 8.31 16.04 1.93p5 15.8 3.70 0.28 0.15 4.27 56.43 105.33 13.21 24.67 1.87p7 21.8 6.06 0.29 0.18 3.60 75.17 121.11 20.90 33.67 1.61p8 19.5 6.94 0.61 0.35 2.81 31.97 55.71 11.38 19.83 1.74p10 40.0 4.65 0.45 0.30 8.60 88.89 133.33 10.33 15.50 1.50p5 21.5 5.77 0.29 0.18 3.73 74.14 119.44 19.90 32.06 1.61p6 21.0 5.64 0.56 0.41 3.72 37.50 51.22 10.07 13.76 1.37p7 6.2 3.73 0.37 0.28 1.66 16.76 22.14 10.08 13.32 1.32p8 6.0 3.14 0.29 0.20 1.91 20.69 30.00 10.83 15.70 1.45p9 8.2 3.33 0.53 0.41 2.46 15.47 20.00 6.28 8.12 1.29p1 24.8 9.41 0.85 0.51 2.64 29.18 48.63 11.07 18.45 1.67p2 18.6 8.25 0.88 0.57 2.25 21.14 32.63 9.38 14.47 1.54p3 22.6 8.16 0.62 0.41 2.77 36.45 55.12 13.16 19.90 1.51p4 24.1 7.10 0.48 0.28 3.39 50.21 86.07 14.79 25.36 1.71p6 22.6 8.10 0.60 0.41 2.79 37.67 55.12 13.50 19.76 1.46p9 24.2 7.56 0.45 0.32 3.20 53.78 75.63 16.80 23.63 1.41p1 39.7 7.46 0.79 0.39 5.32 50.25 101.79 9.44 19.13 2.03p4 11.3 7.87 0.49 0.35 1.44 23.06 32.29 16.06 22.49 1.40p5 31.1 10.84 0.45 0.27 2.87 69.11 115.19 24.09 40.15 1.67p6 68.2 10.37 0.66 0.40 6.58 103.33 170.50 15.71 25.93 1.65p9 41.1 9.30 0.69 0.32 4.42 59.57 128.44 13.48 29.06 2.16p10 37.8 10.01 0.83 0.42 3.78 45.54 90.00 12.06 23.83 1.98p1 23.8 6.55 0.50 0.36 3.63 47.60 66.11 13.10 18.19 1.39p2 19.7 6.11 0.53 0.32 3.22 37.17 61.56 11.53 19.09 1.66p3 15.8 4.75 0.60 0.43 3.33 26.33 36.74 7.92 11.05 1.40p4 19.5 4.65 0.59 0.44 4.19 33.05 44.32 7.88 10.57 1.34p5 16.4 4.06 1.01 0.49 4.04 16.24 33.47 4.02 8.29 2.06p6 15.7 6.33 0.33 0.20 2.48 47.58 78.50 19.18 31.65 1.65p7 16.8 5.48 0.74 0.52 3.07 22.70 32.31 7.41 10.54 1.42p1 29.6 4.26 0.91 0.60 6.95 32.53 49.33 4.68 7.10 1.52p2 9.6 6.58 0.57 0.29 1.46 16.84 33.10 11.54 22.69 1.97p4 19.2 5.05 0.41 0.32 3.80 46.83 60.00 12.32 15.78 1.28p6 17.8 3.95 0.55 0.30 4.51 32.36 59.33 7.18 13.17 1.83p7 24.2 5.55 0.50 0.34 4.36 48.40 71.18 11.10 16.32 1.47p8 14.4 3.74 0.43 0.25 3.85 33.49 57.60 8.70 14.96 1.72p9 12.9 4.68 0.28 0.18 2.76 46.07 71.67 16.71 26.00 1.56p2 4.0 3.63 0.72 0.42 1.10 5.56 9.61 5.04 8.72 1.73 0.45 0.93p3 21.5 2.58 0.66 0.42 8.33 32.58 51.19 3.91 6.14 1.57 0.03 14.00p5 9.5 3.10 0.34 0.22 3.06 27.94 44.00 9.12 14.36 1.57 12.53 0.02p6 6.5 3.28 0.32 0.25 1.98 20.31 26.19 10.25 13.22 1.29 0.11 2.26p8 21.5 5.79 0.23 0.07 3.71 93.48 318.52 25.17 85.78 3.41 10.48 0.01p9 13.0 3.87 0.63 0.42 3.36 20.63 31.29 6.14 9.31 1.52 1.35 0.31p10 33.0 4.04 0.64 0.44 8.17 51.56 74.21 6.31 9.08 1.44 1.27 0.35p1 8.8 3.61 0.21 0.09 2.44 41.90 97.78 17.19 40.11 2.33p2 13.2 4.60 0.45 0.31 2.87 29.33 42.58 10.22 14.84 1.45p3 21.7 5.26 0.35 0.25 4.13 62.00 86.80 15.03 21.04 1.40p4 19.0 4.85 0.66 0.45 3.92 28.79 42.22 7.35 10.78 1.47p6 28.4 4.41 0.43 0.30 6.44 66.05 94.67 10.26 14.70 1.43p7 5.8 4.32 0.68 0.47 1.34 8.53 12.34 6.35 9.19 1.45p8 15.9 5.11 0.56 0.45 3.11 28.39 35.33 9.13 11.36 1.24p9 9.6 4.25 0.34 0.21 2.26 28.24 45.71 12.50 20.24 1.62p5 5.5 6.12 0.59 0.41 0.90 9.32 13.41 10.37 14.93 1.44p6 14.1 6.52 0.58 0.31 2.16 24.31 45.48 11.24 21.03 1.87p8 21.9 6.71 0.53 0.37 3.26 41.32 59.19 12.66 18.14 1.43p10 6.6 7.88 1.04 0.41 0.84 6.35 16.10 7.58 19.22 2.54p4 9.9 3.56 0.14 0.07 2.78 70.71 141.43 25.43 50.86 2.00p5 4.5 1.72 0.20 0.09 2.62 22.50 50.00 8.60 19.11 2.22p7 11.8 2.56 0.33 0.19 4.61 35.76 62.11 7.76 13.47 1.74p10 16.4 2.42 0.38 0.28 6.78 43.16 58.57 6.37 8.64 1.36p1 12.1 3.45 0.41 0.24 3.51 29.51 50.42 8.41 14.38 1.71p2 18.6 4.43 0.60 0.40 4.20 31.00 46.50 7.38 11.08 1.50p3 16.8 6.04 0.31 0.24 2.78 54.19 70.00 19.48 25.17 1.29p5 9.2 6.47 0.59 0.29 1.42 15.59 31.72 10.97 22.31 2.03p6 12.4 4.03 0.47 0.37 3.08 26.38 33.51 8.57 10.89 1.27p8 16.0 5.96 0.50 0.28 2.68 32.00 57.14 11.92 21.29 1.79p10 9.9 5.08 0.21 0.13 1.95 47.14 76.15 24.19 39.08 1.62p1 22.3 3.66 0.34 0.27 6.09 65.59 82.59 10.76 13.56 1.26p3 11.4 3.75 0.29 0.21 3.04 39.31 54.29 12.93 17.86 1.38p4 10.6 2.73 0.29 0.23 3.88 36.55 46.09 9.41 11.87 1.26p6 15.8 3.01 0.41 0.28 5.25 38.54 56.43 7.34 10.75 1.46p8 17.1 3.05 0.34 0.25 5.61 50.29 68.40 8.97 12.20 1.36p10 6.9 2.78 0.20 0.13 2.48 34.50 53.08 13.90 21.38 1.54

Don

R.

Rou

ge R

iver

Eas

t Hum

ber

Don

Riv

er D

3D

on D

7B

erzy

Cre

ek R

1114

Mile

S1

14 S

2P

urpl

eville

Spr

ingb

rook

Flet

cher

's S

W2

Flet

cher

s S

WW

Hum

GH

U10

W H

um G

HU

11W

Hum

GH

U 2

4

Data Compulation

p1 6.3 4.06 0.27 0.19 1.55 23.33 33.16 15.04 21.37 1.42p3 13.6 4.63 0.48 0.03 2.94 28.33 425.00 9.65 144.69 15.00p4 8.6 2.96 0.24 0.13 2.91 35.83 66.15 12.33 22.77 1.85p5 12.8 7.09 0.49 0.29 1.81 26.12 44.14 14.47 24.45 1.69p8 21.7 3.61 0.29 0.17 6.01 74.83 127.65 12.45 21.24 1.71p9 4.6 5.13 0.36 0.25 0.90 12.78 18.40 14.25 20.52 1.44p10 19.3 4.37 0.37 0.27 4.42 52.16 71.48 11.81 16.19 1.37p1 26.0 1.58 0.22 0.19 16.46 118.18 136.84 7.18 8.32 1.16p2 12.3 2.67 0.23 0.15 4.61 53.48 82.00 11.61 17.80 1.53p3 5.6 1.09 0.26 0.21 5.14 21.54 26.67 4.19 5.19 1.24p4 9.5 1.32 0.30 0.25 7.20 31.67 38.00 4.40 5.28 1.20p5 10.4 1.00 0.22 0.17 10.40 47.27 61.18 4.55 5.88 1.29p6 10.7 0.83 0.07 0.05 12.89 152.86 214.00 11.86 16.60 1.40p7 7.2 1.89 0.20 0.11 3.81 36.00 65.45 9.45 17.18 1.82p8 8.4 0.83 0.18 0.11 10.12 46.67 76.36 4.61 7.55 1.64p9 8.4 1.11 0.27 0.19 7.57 31.11 44.21 4.11 5.84 1.42p10 15.2 0.75 0.17 0.10 20.27 89.41 152.00 4.41 7.50 1.70p1 20.1 4.82 0.45 0.40 4.17 44.67 50.25 10.71 12.05 1.13p2 3.0 5.73 0.46 0.29 0.52 6.52 10.34 12.46 19.76 1.59p3 16.9 6.75 0.64 0.35 2.50 26.41 48.29 10.55 19.29 1.83p4 22.7 6.53 0.76 0.25 3.48 29.87 90.80 8.59 26.12 3.04p7 24.7 4.50 0.41 0.21 5.49 60.24 117.62 10.98 21.43 1.95p8 19.6 5.21 0.58 0.39 3.76 33.79 50.26 8.98 13.36 1.49p10 13.7 5.03 0.54 0.32 2.72 25.37 42.81 9.31 15.72 1.69

MAX

Rob

inso

n C

reek

Bru

ce C

reek

R17

Trib

of L

ittle

Rou

ge R

32

68.20 10.84 1.04 0.60 20.27 152.86 425.00 25.43 144.69 15.00 12.53 14.003.00 0.75 0.07 0.03 0.52 5.56 9.61 3.91 5.19 1.13 0.03 0.0116.17 4.58 0.44 0.28 4.23 41.87 69.94 11.07 19.16 1.72 3.75 2.559.54 2.20 0.20 0.12 3.18 24.85 55.50 4.63 15.81 1.32 5.36 5.11

MEANSTD. DEVIATION

MAXMIN

Data Compulation

All Sites, Wetted Width / Depth

y = 7.956x + 2.5901R2 = 0.224

y = 5.983x + 2.2388R2 = 0.3229

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

D, d (m)

WW

(m)

WW/D

WW/d

All Sites, Max. Depth / Mean Depth

y = 1.4688x + 0.0287R2 = 0.8463

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70

d (m)

D (m

)

D/d

All Sites, Length / Depth

y = 32.08x + 6.8783R2 = 0.2123

y = 21.05x + 6.5262R2 = 0.233

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

D, d (m)

L (m

)

L/D L/d

All Sites, Wetted Width / Length

y = 0.1192x + 2.6634R2 = 0.2437

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0

L (m)

WW

(m)

L/WW

Data Compulation

All Sites, Length / Depth

y = 32.08x + 6.8783R2 = 0.2123

y = 21.05x + 6.5262R2 = 0.233

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

D, d (m)

L (m

)

L/D L/d

Data Compulation

L WW D d D84

(m) (m) (m) (m) (m)p1 8.0 1.15 0.12 0.10 6.96 66.67 80.00 9.58 11.50 1.20 0.015 8.00 6.67 76.67 533.33r2 10.2 0.37 0.06 0.04 27.57 170.00 255.00 6.17 9.25 1.50 0.010 6.00 4.00 37.00 1020.00p3 17.0 0.91 0.18 0.13 18.68 94.44 130.77 5.06 7.00 1.38 0.020 9.00 6.50 45.50 850.00r4 25.7 0.57 0.08 0.07 45.09 321.25 367.14 7.13 8.14 1.14 0.020 4.00 3.50 28.50 1285.00p5 6.1 2.64 0.39 0.30 2.31 15.64 20.33 6.77 8.80 1.30 0.090 4.33 3.33 29.33 67.78p6 6.9 1.57 0.15 0.10 4.39 46.00 69.00 10.47 15.70 1.50 0.030 5.00 3.33 52.33 230.00r7 4.1 1.02 0.13 0.09 4.02 31.54 45.56 7.85 11.33 1.44 ms n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p8 18.3 2.84 0.46 0.36 6.44 39.78 50.83 6.17 7.89 1.28 vfs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r9 3.9 1.29 0.09 0.05 3.02 43.33 78.00 14.33 25.80 1.80 0.030 3.00 1.67 43.00 130.00

r10 9.1 0.92 0.11 0.05 9.89 82.73 182.00 8.36 18.40 2.20 vfs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r1 14.1 1.81 0.05 0.03 7.79 282.00 470.00 36.20 60.33 1.67 0.050 1.00 0.60 36.20 282.00r2 2.9 3.20 0.16 0.09 0.91 18.13 32.22 20.00 35.56 1.78 0.070 2.29 1.29 45.71 41.43r3 5.4 2.37 0.13 0.08 2.28 41.54 67.50 18.23 29.63 1.63 0.030 4.33 2.67 79.00 180.00p4 9.6 4.21 0.36 0.23 2.28 26.67 41.74 11.69 18.30 1.57 brk n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r5 2.6 3.52 0.07 0.04 0.74 37.14 65.00 50.29 88.00 1.75 0.060 1.17 0.67 58.67 43.33r6 23.5 4.62 0.06 0.04 5.09 391.67 587.50 77.00 115.50 1.50 0.120 0.50 0.33 38.50 195.83p7 13.0 5.46 0.44 0.32 2.38 29.55 40.63 12.41 17.06 1.38 brk n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r8 15.9 2.38 0.19 0.11 6.68 83.68 144.55 12.53 21.64 1.73 brk n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r9 17.1 1.04 0.06 0.04 16.44 285.00 427.50 17.33 26.00 1.50 0.030 2.00 1.33 34.67 570.00

p10 12.4 6.81 0.50 0.32 1.82 24.80 38.75 13.62 21.28 1.56 brk n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p1 13.1 2.33 0.14 0.10 5.62 93.57 131.00 16.64 23.30 1.40 0.093 1.51 1.08 25.05 140.86r2 3.1 1.87 0.09 0.07 1.66 34.44 44.29 20.78 26.71 1.29 0.097 0.93 0.72 19.28 31.96r3 4.0 2.39 0.07 0.04 1.67 57.14 100.00 34.14 59.75 1.75 0.097 0.72 0.41 24.64 41.24r4 4.0 1.50 0.02 0.01 2.67 200.00 400.00 75.00 150.00 2.00 0.069 0.29 0.14 21.74 57.97p5 8.5 2.88 0.33 0.18 2.95 25.76 47.22 8.73 16.00 1.83 0.098 3.37 1.84 29.39 86.73p6 9.2 1.72 0.11 0.08 5.35 83.64 115.00 15.64 21.50 1.38 0.143 0.77 0.56 12.03 64.34p7 5.1 2.59 0.36 0.20 1.97 14.17 25.50 7.19 12.95 1.80 0.086 4.19 2.33 30.12 59.30r8 11.7 3.45 0.15 0.09 3.39 78.00 130.00 23.00 38.33 1.67 0.048 3.13 1.88 71.88 243.75r9 6.2 2.66 0.03 0.01 2.33 206.67 620.00 88.67 266.00 3.00 0.079 0.38 0.13 33.67 78.48

p10 6.3 2.98 0.20 0.13 2.11 31.50 48.46 14.90 22.92 1.54 0.056 3.57 2.32 53.21 112.50p1 28.2 5.77 0.61 0.40 4.89 46.23 70.50 9.46 14.43 1.53 0.029 21.03 13.79 198.97 972.41r2 4.0 4.25 0.12 0.08 0.94 33.33 50.00 35.42 53.13 1.50 0.140 0.86 0.57 30.36 28.57p3 12.0 2.88 0.14 0.11 4.17 85.71 109.09 20.57 26.18 1.27 0.078 1.79 1.41 36.92 153.85p4 17.1 4.49 0.54 0.28 3.81 31.67 61.07 8.31 16.04 1.93 0.018 30.00 15.56 249.44 950.00p5 15.8 3.70 0.28 0.15 4.27 56.43 105.33 13.21 24.67 1.87 0.116 2.41 1.29 31.90 136.21r6 4.8 6.36 0.29 0.19 0.75 16.55 25.26 21.93 33.47 1.53 0.068 4.26 2.79 93.53 70.59p7 21.8 6.06 0.29 0.18 3.60 75.17 121.11 20.90 33.67 1.61 0.130 2.23 1.38 46.62 167.69p8 19.5 6.94 0.61 0.35 2.81 31.97 55.71 11.38 19.83 1.74 0.009 67.78 38.89 771.11 2166.67r9 5.0 4.41 0.15 0.08 1.13 33.33 62.50 29.40 55.13 1.88 0.108 1.39 0.74 40.83 46.30

p10 40.0 4.65 0.45 0.30 8.60 88.89 133.33 10.33 15.50 1.50 0.040 11.25 7.50 116.25 1000.00r1 7.2 2.40 0.17 0.13 3.00 42.35 55.38 14.12 18.46 1.31 0.054 3.15 2.41 44.44 133.33r2 5.5 1.51 0.17 0.12 3.64 32.35 45.83 8.88 12.58 1.42 0.050 3.40 2.40 30.20 110.00r3 10.5 3.01 0.24 0.15 3.49 43.75 70.00 12.54 20.07 1.60 0.057 4.21 2.63 52.81 184.21r4 7.9 3.77 0.37 0.26 2.10 21.35 30.38 10.19 14.50 1.42 0.028 13.21 9.29 134.64 282.14p5 21.5 5.77 0.29 0.18 3.73 74.14 119.44 19.90 32.06 1.61 0.004 72.50 45.00 1442.50 5375.00p6 21.0 5.64 0.56 0.41 3.72 37.50 51.22 10.07 13.76 1.37 0.001 560.00 410.00 5640.00 21000.00p7 6.2 3.73 0.37 0.28 1.66 16.76 22.14 10.08 13.32 1.32 0.034 10.88 8.24 109.71 182.35p8 6.0 3.14 0.29 0.20 1.91 20.69 30.00 10.83 15.70 1.45 0.050 5.80 4.00 62.80 120.00p9 8.2 3.33 0.53 0.41 2.46 15.47 20.00 6.28 8.12 1.29 0.018 29.44 22.78 185.00 455.56r10 11.0 2.12 0.18 0.12 5.19 61.11 91.67 11.78 17.67 1.50 0.017 10.59 7.06 124.71 647.06p1 24.8 9.41 0.85 0.51 2.64 29.18 48.63 11.07 18.45 1.67 0.013 65.38 39.23 723.85 1907.69p2 18.6 8.25 0.88 0.57 2.25 21.14 32.63 9.38 14.47 1.54 0.068 12.94 8.38 121.32 273.53p3 22.6 8.16 0.62 0.41 2.77 36.45 55.12 13.16 19.90 1.51 0.019 32.63 21.58 429.47 1189.47p4 24.1 7.10 0.48 0.28 3.39 50.21 86.07 14.79 25.36 1.71 0.075 6.40 3.73 94.67 321.33r5 13.5 7.80 0.27 0.17 1.73 50.00 79.41 28.89 45.88 1.59 0.037 7.30 4.59 210.81 364.86p6 22.6 8.10 0.60 0.41 2.79 37.67 55.12 13.50 19.76 1.46 0.072 8.33 5.69 112.50 313.89r7 22.5 5.23 0.21 0.14 4.30 107.14 160.71 24.90 37.36 1.50 0.087 2.41 1.61 60.11 258.62r8 9.3 6.78 0.14 0.10 1.37 66.43 93.00 48.43 67.80 1.40 0.107 1.31 0.93 63.36 86.92p9 24.2 7.56 0.45 0.32 3.20 53.78 75.63 16.80 23.63 1.41 0.027 16.67 11.85 280.00 896.30r10 30.4 7.24 0.39 0.28 4.20 77.95 108.57 18.56 25.86 1.39 0.050 7.80 5.60 144.80 608.00p1 39.7 7.46 0.79 0.39 5.32 50.25 101.79 9.44 19.13 2.03 0.017 46.47 22.94 438.82 2335.29r2 14.4 8.71 0.24 0.10 1.65 60.00 144.00 36.29 87.10 2.40 0.159 1.51 0.63 54.78 90.57r3 28.5 7.97 0.24 0.12 3.58 118.75 237.50 33.21 66.42 2.00 0.170 1.41 0.71 46.88 167.65p4 11.3 7.87 0.49 0.35 1.44 23.06 32.29 16.06 22.49 1.40 0.083 5.90 4.22 94.82 136.14p5 31.1 10.84 0.45 0.27 2.87 69.11 115.19 24.09 40.15 1.67 0.037 12.16 7.30 292.97 840.54p6 68.2 10.37 0.66 0.40 6.58 103.33 170.50 15.71 25.93 1.65 0.082 8.05 4.88 126.46 831.71r7 25.0 8.85 0.63 0.15 2.82 39.68 166.67 14.05 59.00 4.20 0.099 6.36 1.52 89.39 252.53r8 8.4 11.25 0.12 0.07 0.75 70.00 120.00 93.75 160.71 1.71 0.062 1.94 1.13 181.45 135.48p9 41.1 9.30 0.69 0.32 4.42 59.57 128.44 13.48 29.06 2.16 0.133 5.19 2.41 69.92 309.02

p10 37.8 10.01 0.83 0.42 3.78 45.54 90.00 12.06 23.83 1.98 0.026 31.92 16.15 385.00 1453.85p1 23.8 6.55 0.50 0.36 3.63 47.60 66.11 13.10 18.19 1.39 0.058 8.62 6.21 112.93 410.34p2 19.7 6.11 0.53 0.32 3.22 37.17 61.56 11.53 19.09 1.66 0.030 17.67 10.67 203.67 656.67p3 15.8 4.75 0.60 0.43 3.33 26.33 36.74 7.92 11.05 1.40 0.039 15.38 11.03 121.79 405.13p4 19.5 4.65 0.59 0.44 4.19 33.05 44.32 7.88 10.57 1.34 0.020 29.50 22.00 232.50 975.00p5 16.4 4.06 1.01 0.49 4.04 16.24 33.47 4.02 8.29 2.06 0.070 14.43 7.00 58.00 234.29p6 15.7 6.33 0.33 0.20 2.48 47.58 78.50 19.18 31.65 1.65 0.049 6.73 4.08 129.18 320.41p7 16.8 5.48 0.74 0.52 3.07 22.70 32.31 7.41 10.54 1.42 0.090 8.22 5.78 60.89 186.67r8 9.2 6.08 0.37 0.27 1.51 24.86 34.07 16.43 22.52 1.37 0.038 9.74 7.11 160.00 242.11r9 12.2 5.30 0.38 0.33 2.30 32.11 36.97 13.95 16.06 1.15 0.014 27.14 23.57 378.57 871.43

r10 5.3 6.44 0.30 0.22 0.82 17.67 24.09 21.47 29.27 1.36 0.008 37.50 27.50 805.00 662.50p1 29.6 4.26 0.91 0.60 6.95 32.53 49.33 4.68 7.10 1.52 vfs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p2 9.6 6.58 0.57 0.29 1.46 16.84 33.10 11.54 22.69 1.97 0.010 57.00 29.00 658.00 960.00r3 18.2 4.79 0.59 0.43 3.80 30.85 42.33 8.12 11.14 1.37 0.110 5.36 3.91 43.55 165.45p4 19.2 5.05 0.41 0.32 3.80 46.83 60.00 12.32 15.78 1.28 vfs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.r5 25.7 4.87 0.43 0.31 5.28 59.77 82.90 11.33 15.71 1.39 0.040 10.75 7.75 121.75 642.50p6 17.8 3.95 0.55 0.30 4.51 32.36 59.33 7.18 13.17 1.83 0.160 3.44 1.88 24.69 111.25p7 24.2 5.55 0.50 0.34 4.36 48.40 71.18 11.10 16.32 1.47 0.030 16.67 11.33 185.00 806.67p8 14.4 3.74 0.43 0.25 3.85 33.49 57.60 8.70 14.96 1.72 0.080 5.38 3.13 46.75 180.00p9 12.9 4.68 0.28 0.18 2.76 46.07 71.67 16.71 26.00 1.56 0.120 2.33 1.50 39.00 107.50r10 6.6 3.35 0.09 0.07 1.97 73.33 94.29 37.22 47.86 1.29 0.120 0.75 0.58 27.92 55.00r1 27.0 2.22 0.20 0.13 12.16 135.00 208.98 11.10 17.18 1.55 0.083 2.42 1.56 26.84 326.48p2 4.0 3.63 0.72 0.42 1.10 5.56 9.61 5.04 8.72 1.73 0.045 16.00 9.25 80.67 88.89p3 21.5 2.58 0.66 0.42 8.33 32.58 51.19 3.91 6.14 1.57 0.030 22.00 14.00 86.00 716.67r4 6.5 3.13 0.28 0.20 2.08 23.21 32.83 11.18 15.81 1.41 0.044 6.36 4.50 71.14 147.73p5 9.5 3.10 0.34 0.22 3.06 27.94 44.00 9.12 14.36 1.57 0.125 2.71 1.72 24.74 75.82p6 6.5 3.28 0.32 0.25 1.98 20.31 26.19 10.25 13.22 1.29 0.110 2.91 2.26 29.82 59.09r7 10.0 4.23 0.32 0.15 2.36 31.25 65.27 13.22 27.61 2.09 0.023 13.68 6.55 180.77 427.35p8 21.5 5.79 0.23 0.07 3.71 93.48 318.52 25.17 85.78 3.41 0.105 2.19 0.64 55.25 205.15p9 13.0 3.87 0.63 0.42 3.36 20.63 31.29 6.14 9.31 1.52 0.135 4.67 3.08 28.67 96.30

p10 33.0 4.04 0.64 0.44 8.17 51.56 74.21 6.31 9.08 1.44 0.127 5.04 3.50 31.81 259.84

WW/D84 L/D84p,r # L/WW L/D L/d WW/D WW/d d/D84

Hum

ber R

iver

(GH

U24

)W

est H

umbe

r (G

HU

10)

Wes

t Hum

ber (

GH

U11

)D/D84

14 M

ile C

reek

, site

114

Mile

Cre

ek, s

ite 2

Spr

ingb

rook

Cre

ekFl

etch

er's

Cre

ek (S

W4)

Pur

plev

ille C

reek

Flet

cher

's C

reek

(SW

2)D /d

Eas

t Hum

ber R

iver

Data Compulation

p1 8.8 3.61 0.21 0.09 2.44 41.90 97.78 17.19 40.11 2.33 0.106 1.98 0.85 34.06 83.02p2 13.2 4.60 0.45 0.31 2.87 29.33 42.58 10.22 14.84 1.45 0.100 4.50 3.10 46.00 132.00p3 21.7 5.26 0.35 0.25 4.13 62.00 86.80 15.03 21.04 1.40 0.100 3.50 2.50 52.60 217.00p4 19.0 4.85 0.66 0.45 3.92 28.79 42.22 7.35 10.78 1.47 0.004 165.00 112.50 1212.50 4750.00r5 2.0 4.04 0.22 0.09 0.50 9.09 22.22 18.36 44.89 2.44 0.110 2.00 0.82 36.73 18.18p6 28.4 4.41 0.43 0.30 6.44 66.05 94.67 10.26 14.70 1.43 0.049 8.78 6.12 90.00 579.59p7 5.8 4.32 0.68 0.47 1.34 8.53 12.34 6.35 9.19 1.45 0.029 23.45 16.21 148.97 200.00p8 15.9 5.11 0.56 0.45 3.11 28.39 35.33 9.13 11.36 1.24 0.028 20.00 16.07 182.50 567.86p9 9.6 4.25 0.34 0.21 2.26 28.24 45.71 12.50 20.24 1.62 0.018 18.89 11.67 236.11 533.33r10 7.4 4.13 0.22 0.12 1.79 33.64 61.67 18.77 34.42 1.83 0.158 1.39 0.76 26.14 46.84r1 8.8 5.74 0.23 0.15 1.53 38.26 58.67 24.96 38.27 1.53 0.090 2.56 1.67 63.78 97.78r2 13.3 5.31 0.20 0.13 2.50 66.50 102.31 26.55 40.85 1.54 0.093 2.15 1.40 57.10 143.01r3 28.0 5.88 0.16 0.10 4.76 175.00 280.00 36.75 58.80 1.60 0.060 2.67 1.67 98.00 466.67r4 11.1 7.67 0.15 0.12 1.45 74.00 92.50 51.13 63.92 1.25 0.083 1.81 1.45 92.41 133.73p5 5.5 6.12 0.59 0.41 0.90 9.32 13.41 10.37 14.93 1.44 0.034 17.35 12.06 180.00 161.76p6 14.1 6.52 0.58 0.31 2.16 24.31 45.48 11.24 21.03 1.87 0.113 5.13 2.74 57.70 124.78r7 6.1 5.78 0.29 0.14 1.06 21.03 43.57 19.93 41.29 2.07 0.142 2.04 0.99 40.70 42.96p8 21.9 6.71 0.53 0.37 3.26 41.32 59.19 12.66 18.14 1.43 0.120 4.42 3.08 55.92 182.50r9 12.7 7.01 0.29 0.12 1.81 43.79 105.83 24.17 58.42 2.42 0.150 1.93 0.80 46.73 84.67

p10 6.6 7.88 1.04 0.41 0.84 6.35 16.10 7.58 19.22 2.54 0.003 346.67 136.67 2626.67 2200.00r1 3.1 2.99 0.13 0.05 1.04 23.85 62.00 23.00 59.80 2.60 0.015 8.67 3.33 199.33 206.67r2 5.3 1.92 0.16 0.09 2.76 33.13 58.89 12.00 21.33 1.78 0.015 10.67 6.00 128.00 353.33r3 1.0 1.61 0.18 0.11 0.62 5.56 9.09 8.94 14.64 1.64 0.015 12.00 7.33 107.33 66.67p4 9.9 3.56 0.14 0.07 2.78 70.71 141.43 25.43 50.86 2.00 0.006 23.33 11.67 593.33 1650.00p5 4.5 1.72 0.20 0.09 2.62 22.50 50.00 8.60 19.11 2.22 0.012 16.67 7.50 143.33 375.00r6 4.0 2.22 0.08 0.05 1.80 50.00 80.00 27.75 44.40 1.60 0.016 5.00 3.13 138.75 250.00p7 11.8 2.56 0.33 0.19 4.61 35.76 62.11 7.76 13.47 1.74 0.006 55.00 31.67 426.67 1966.67r8 6.1 3.78 0.10 0.06 1.61 61.00 101.67 37.80 63.00 1.67 0.020 5.00 3.00 189.00 305.00r9 4.0 2.31 0.10 0.06 1.73 40.00 66.67 23.10 38.50 1.67 0.015 6.67 4.00 154.00 266.67

p10 16.4 2.42 0.38 0.28 6.78 43.16 58.57 6.37 8.64 1.36 0.011 34.55 25.45 220.00 1490.91p1 12.1 3.45 0.41 0.24 3.51 29.51 50.42 8.41 14.38 1.71 0.090 4.56 2.67 38.33 134.44p2 18.6 4.43 0.60 0.40 4.20 31.00 46.50 7.38 11.08 1.50 0.010 60.00 40.00 443.00 1860.00p3 16.8 6.04 0.31 0.24 2.78 54.19 70.00 19.48 25.17 1.29 0.030 10.33 8.00 201.33 560.00r4 3.9 2.01 0.16 0.12 1.94 24.38 32.50 12.56 16.75 1.33 0.040 4.00 3.00 50.25 97.50p5 9.2 6.47 0.59 0.29 1.42 15.59 31.72 10.97 22.31 2.03 0.095 6.21 3.05 68.11 96.84p6 12.4 4.03 0.47 0.37 3.08 26.38 33.51 8.57 10.89 1.27 0.002 235.00 185.00 2015.00 6200.00r7 17.9 2.25 0.17 0.12 7.96 105.29 149.17 13.24 18.75 1.42 0.140 1.21 0.86 16.07 127.86p8 16.0 5.96 0.50 0.28 2.68 32.00 57.14 11.92 21.29 1.79 0.040 12.50 7.00 149.00 400.00r9 7.4 3.95 0.11 0.07 1.87 67.27 105.71 35.91 56.43 1.57 0.085 1.29 0.82 46.47 87.06

p10 9.9 5.08 0.21 0.13 1.95 47.14 76.15 24.19 39.08 1.62 0.040 5.25 3.25 127.00 247.50p1 22.3 3.66 0.34 0.27 6.09 65.59 82.59 10.76 13.56 1.26 0.085 4.00 3.18 43.06 262.35r2 2.0 2.46 0.12 0.08 0.81 16.67 25.00 20.50 30.75 1.50 0.090 1.33 0.89 27.33 22.22p3 11.4 3.75 0.29 0.21 3.04 39.31 54.29 12.93 17.86 1.38 0.060 4.83 3.50 62.50 190.00p4 10.6 2.73 0.29 0.23 3.88 36.55 46.09 9.41 11.87 1.26 0.135 2.15 1.70 20.22 78.52r5 5.4 1.61 0.14 0.11 3.35 38.57 49.09 11.50 14.64 1.27 0.060 2.33 1.83 26.83 90.00p6 15.8 3.01 0.41 0.28 5.25 38.54 56.43 7.34 10.75 1.46 0.175 2.34 1.60 17.20 90.29r7 5.4 2.86 0.14 0.08 1.89 38.57 67.50 20.43 35.75 1.75 0.109 1.28 0.73 26.24 49.54p8 17.1 3.05 0.34 0.25 5.61 50.29 68.40 8.97 12.20 1.36 0.087 3.91 2.87 35.06 196.55r9 7.0 2.53 0.08 0.04 2.77 87.50 175.00 31.63 63.25 2.00 0.085 0.94 0.47 29.76 82.35

p10 6.9 2.78 0.20 0.13 2.48 34.50 53.08 13.90 21.38 1.54 0.067 2.99 1.94 41.49 102.99p1 6.3 4.06 0.27 0.19 1.55 23.33 33.16 15.04 21.37 1.42 0.026 10.38 7.31 156.15 242.31r2 7.6 3.25 0.20 0.01 2.34 38.00 584.62 16.25 250.00 15.38 0.033 6.06 0.39 98.48 230.30p3 13.6 4.63 0.48 0.03 2.94 28.33 425.00 9.65 144.69 15.00 0.023 20.87 1.39 201.30 591.30p4 8.6 2.96 0.24 0.13 2.91 35.83 66.15 12.33 22.77 1.85 0.015 16.00 8.67 197.33 573.33p5 12.8 7.09 0.49 0.29 1.81 26.12 44.14 14.47 24.45 1.69 0.018 27.22 16.11 393.89 711.11r6 5.9 3.29 0.15 0.07 1.79 39.33 84.29 21.93 47.00 2.14 0.109 1.38 0.64 30.18 54.13r7 6.1 2.91 0.13 0.09 2.10 46.92 67.78 22.38 32.33 1.44 0.083 1.57 1.08 35.06 73.49p8 21.7 3.61 0.29 0.17 6.01 74.83 127.65 12.45 21.24 1.71 0.014 20.71 12.14 257.86 1550.00p9 4.6 5.13 0.36 0.25 0.90 12.78 18.40 14.25 20.52 1.44 0.035 10.29 7.14 146.57 131.43

p10 19.3 4.37 0.37 0.27 4.42 52.16 71.48 11.81 16.19 1.37 0.006 61.67 45.00 728.33 3216.67p1 26.0 1.58 0.22 0.19 16.46 118.18 136.84 7.18 8.32 1.16 ms n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p2 12.3 2.67 0.23 0.15 4.61 53.48 82.00 11.61 17.80 1.53 fs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p3 5.6 1.09 0.26 0.21 5.14 21.54 26.67 4.19 5.19 1.24 fs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.p4 9.5 1.32 0.30 0.25 7.20 31.67 38.00 4.40 5.28 1.20 0.001 300.00 250.00 1320.00 9500.00p5 10.4 1.00 0.22 0.17 10.40 47.27 61.18 4.55 5.88 1.29 0.001 220.00 170.00 1000.00 10400.00p6 10.7 0.83 0.07 0.05 12.89 152.86 214.00 11.86 16.60 1.40 0.005 14.00 10.00 166.00 2140.00p7 7.2 1.89 0.20 0.11 3.81 36.00 65.45 9.45 17.18 1.82 0.010 20.00 11.00 189.00 720.00p8 8.4 0.83 0.18 0.11 10.12 46.67 76.36 4.61 7.55 1.64 0.002 90.00 55.00 415.00 4200.00p9 8.4 1.11 0.27 0.19 7.57 31.11 44.21 4.11 5.84 1.42 fs n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

p10 15.2 0.75 0.17 0.10 20.27 89.41 152.00 4.41 7.50 1.70 0.005 34.00 20.00 150.00 3040.00p1 20.1 4.82 0.45 0.40 4.17 44.67 50.25 10.71 12.05 1.13 0.008 56.25 50.00 602.50 2512.50p2 3.0 5.73 0.46 0.29 0.52 6.52 10.34 12.46 19.76 1.59 0.001 460.00 290.00 5730.00 3000.00p3 16.9 6.75 0.64 0.35 2.50 26.41 48.29 10.55 19.29 1.83 0.040 16.00 8.75 168.75 422.50p4 22.7 6.53 0.76 0.25 3.48 29.87 90.80 8.59 26.12 3.04 0.027 28.15 9.26 241.85 840.74r5 5.0 5.43 0.40 0.21 0.92 12.50 23.81 13.58 25.86 1.90 0.015 26.67 14.00 362.00 333.33r6 6.7 3.25 0.40 0.25 2.06 16.75 26.80 8.13 13.00 1.60 0.035 11.43 7.14 92.86 191.43p7 24.7 4.50 0.41 0.21 5.49 60.24 117.62 10.98 21.43 1.95 0.027 15.19 7.78 166.67 914.81p8 19.6 5.21 0.58 0.39 3.76 33.79 50.26 8.98 13.36 1.49 0.050 11.60 7.80 104.20 392.00r9 6.0 4.01 0.28 0.17 1.50 21.43 35.29 14.32 23.59 1.65 0.075 3.73 2.27 53.47 80.00

p10 13.7 5.03 0.54 0.32 2.72 25.37 42.81 9.31 15.72 1.69 0.030 18.00 10.67 167.67 456.67

Don

Riv

er E

ast B

ranc

hD

on R

iver

(D7)

MAX

Rou

ge R

iver

Rob

inso

n C

reek

Ber

czy

Cre

ek (R

11)

Littl

e R

ouge

trib

utar

y (R

32)

Bru

ce C

reek

(R17

)D

on R

iver

(D3)

68.20 11.25 1.04 0.60 45.09 391.67 620.00 93.75 266.00 15.38 0.18 560.00 410.00 5730.00 21000.001.00 0.37 0.02 0.01 0.50 5.56 9.09 3.91 5.19 1.13 0.00 0.29 0.13 12.03 18.1813.81 4.31 0.35 0.22 4.11 53.01 91.74 16.27 29.70 1.79 0.06 25.41 16.61 256.04 831.669.28 2.24 0.21 0.13 4.69 52.66 100.40 13.54 34.24 1.48 0.04 70.39 48.41 684.46 2100.13

p - pool L - length D - maximum depth D84 - substrate size 84% > all substrate vfs - very fine sand brk - bedrockr - riffle WW - wetted width d - mean depth ms - medium sand

MEANSTD. DEVIATION

MAXMIN

Data Compulation

d D50 D84 D90 d / D50 d / D84 d / D90 d D84 d / D84 d D84 d / D84

MAX 0.60 3.090 9.162 14.930 49.659 0.158 5.643 0.60 0.08 410.00 0.43 0.17 27.50MIN 0.01 0.949 4.674 8.940 4.664 0.060 0.768 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00MEAN 0.22 0.004 1.236 1.760 0.058 0.022 0.154 0.28 0.87 24.45 0.12 0.06 3.45STD. DEVIATION 0.13 1.028 2.567 3.660 12.257 0.037 1.350 0.12 8.25 59.17 0.08 0.05 4.69

All Sites Combined Pools Riffles

APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX B

Appendix B

Sites Without Redside Dace PopulationsCreek Name Drainage Maximum Wetted WWetted Gradient D84

Area Depth to Depth Width ValuesHighland Creek GH-1 14.7 0.6 19.02 7.1 0.205 7.46Highland Creek GH-2a 26.74 0.88 39.86 8.1 0.37 9.54Highland Creek GH-2b 41.96 0.61 62.4 8.63 0.525 18.99Highland Creek GH-4a 18.33 0.32 125.06 9.5 0.715 16.39Highland Creek GH-6 11.38 0.36 76.57 6.14 0.455 8.8Highland Creek GH-9 88.61 0.9 58.66 14.33 0.57 8.95Highland Creek GH-10 91.54 0.53 99.84 17.08 0.365 6.25Don River GD-1 6.84 0.38 18.75 5.09 0.18 1.95Don River GD-4 77.39 0.37 63.54 7.84 0.345 8.43Don River GD-4a 83.94 0.64 57.03 8.88 0.135 9.02Don River GD-4b 98.24 0.56 28.16 11.42 0.11 18.62Don River GD-5 7.53 0.26 42.13 2.51 0.99 1.9Don River GD-13 60.61 0.44 37.9 7.62 0.54 6.19Don River GD-14 33.24 0.7 31.43 5.29 0.38 14.14Don River GD-19 153.77 0.59 52.65 13.07 0.36 14.15Don River GD-20 316.01 1.03 44.43 17.94 0.14 11.75Don River GD-22 18.18 0.51 33.96 5.16 1.94 14.68Don River GD-26 15.17 0.4 54.69 6.11 1.52 18.85Don River GD-30 3.63 0.25 104.48 3.76 1.57 12.6Don River GD-31 12.9 0.25 58.75 5.39 0.81 8.73Rouge River GR-2 17.28 0.7 6.73 3.3 0.15 2.57Rouge River GR-4 6.7 0.37 10.2 1.56 0.03 8.63Rouge River GR-5 12.94 0.42 13.75 2.42 0.395 8.4Rouge River GR-7 33.45 0.4 24.33 4.6 0.465 8.22Rouge River GR-10 20.41 0.43 22.43 3.91 0.58 9.57Rouge River GR-12 30.32 0.45 16.19 4.02 0.225 5.74Rouge River GR-13 13.11 0.13 30.4 1.66 0.73 1.52Rouge River GR-14 16.17 0.34 18.88 4.08 0.2 0.03Rouge River GR-16 24.13 0.32 17.16 2.64 0.19 2.9Rouge River GR-21 147.49 0.72 20.74 12.56 0.02 12.04Rouge River GR-25 186.98 0.67 48.67 14.28 0.23 8.84Rouge River GR-26 192.81 0.8 59.97 11.9 0.25 15.93Rouge River GR-27 215.33 0.35 60.71 12.59 0.85 24.45Rouge River GR-33 10.28 0.33 51.75 5.38 0.45 5.03Rouge River GR-37 71.25 0.3 34.45 6.06 0.15 5.76Rouge River GR-38 72.25 0.3 58.54 8.84 0.05 4.75Rouge River GR-39 2.48 0.17 12.46 1.37 0.65 3.06Rouge River GR-45 87.42 0.69 47.07 8.81 0.33 14.14Rouge River GR-47 95.66 0.33 30.83 6.49 0.425 17.75Rouge River GR-51 108.72 0.35 49.44 9.58 0.81 17.43Rouge River GR-52 113.47 0.28 72.21 9.31 1.04 18.42Rouge River GR-53 116.61 0.41 63.06 13.36 0.42 16.93Humber River GHU-1 908.36 1.18 62.88 45.04 0.17 0.04Humber River GHU-2 832.22 0.43 100.27 38.93 21.21Humber River GHU-4 11.54 0.78 11.05 4.86 5.62Humber River GHU-5 581.23 0.79 53.63 26.36 10.74Humber River GHU-6 14.9 0.56 16.02 2.97 0.36 4.17Humber River GHU-13 2.93 0.43 29.97 2.95 0.49 0.98Humber River GHU-14 47.67 0.3 38.45 2.7 0.48 7.58Humber River GHU-17 28.72 0.35 22.65 3.3 0.335 7.75Humber River GHU-18 27.95 0.22 35.62 3.59 1.03 10.44Humber River GHU-20 11.4 0.46 32.04 3.75 0.46 1.37Humber River GHU-21 293.32 0.53 34.23 11.09 0.135 7.33Humber River GHU-22 21.82 0.27 10.57 1.85 0.06 0.55Humber River GHU-23 72.3 0.64 32.5 6.11 0.54 7.2Humber River GHU-25 129.93 0.51 25.68 6.39 0.18 6.29Humber River GHU-26 6.39 0.31 6.85 1.26 0.98 3.18Humber River GHU-27 278.98 0.6 34.53 12.14 0.285 7.97Humber River GHU-28 60.86 0.47 23.73 6.37 0.09 3.4Humber River GHU-29 197.23 0.42 49.74 11.68 0.13 5.55Humber River GHU-32 7.54 0.2 13.55 1.12 0.36 0.0045Humber River GHU-33 172.26 0.65 31.05 11.93 0.065 9.96Humber River GHU-34 42.35 0.42 25.9 7.15 0.425 2.52Humber River GHU-35 30.44 0.44 32.76 6.07 1.32 12.38Arbour Valley (Credit River) 1.1 27.14 0.36

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