As light passes from one transparent medium to another, it changes speed, and bends.

OPTICAL EFFECT DUE TO REFRACTION OF LIGHT

AIR

WATER

WATER

AIR

The angle between the light ray and the normal as it leaves a medium is called the angle of incidence. The angle between the light ray and the normal as it enters a medium is called the angle of refraction.

Air(faster)

Water(slower)

You need : A glass Water A pencil or a pen

or a coloured crayon or a straw,…..

glass

pencil

Coloured crayon

water

straw

First, pour water in the glass. Then, submerge the object you have

chosen. Finally, take a picture of your glass with

the object submerged.

The pencil looks bent. This is because light travels slower through water than through air. As the light enters the glass of water it slows down(changes direction) and as it leaves the glass it speeds up again – therefore making the pencil look as though it is bent!