regional security complex theory and insulator states: the case of turkey

8/6/2019 Regional Security Complex Theory and Insulator States: The Case of Turkey

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Regional SecurityComplex Theory andInsulator States:

The Case of Turkey

By Wayne McLean

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Arts with Honours (International Relations)

School of Government

University of Tasmania3

rdof June, 2011


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Acknowledgements

D S

j D T N

H F S O E


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4

Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................... 7

8

C O

Chapter 2: Security Discourses ...................................................................... 11

U R

P O

O R : T B S 7T C S 8

S D

S A

C S T

Chapter 3: Turkey and the Middle East RSC .................................................... 25

P A S

T P S: N-O A 7T S S: C S

T E S: T N E

C 7

Chapter 4: Turkey and the EU RSC ................................................................. 38

P A S 9

T E S: EU 4

T P S: G-T C 4T S S: A S S 4

C 48

Chapter 5: Analysis ....................................................................................... 49

E C S O S T 49

F C

D S P D D C

T A R S C 4RSCT P V


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RSCT V 7

Chapter 6: Conclusions .................................................................................. 58

F 8

P F R

Bibliography ................................................................................................. 61

Appendix A ................................................................................................... 70

R S A 7

Appendix B ................................................................................................... 71

RSCT S 7


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Abbreviations

AKP D P (A K P)APEC A-P E C

CHP R P P (C H P)

CS C S

EC E C

ECB E C B

EEC E E C

EU E U

FP F P

GDP G

GDP PPP G

GFC G F C

PE P E

PS P S

R R

EADS E A D S

NAFTA N A F T A

NATO N A T O

RSC R S C

RSCT R S C T

SEATO S-E A T O

USSR U S S R

T A

98 T (/t/) (/

/) (/

/)

(//) (//) (/ /)


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7

Chapter 1: Introduction

S

H

A V

R

F T -

T

E E

B T

AKP ( D P)

T

- R S C T (RSCT) H

T RSCT

RSCT R

B Bz 98 People, states, and fear

Bz O Regions and Powers via media

RSCT insulator

( j) R S C (RSC)

T

RSCT RSC

B Bz People, states, and fear: the national security problem in international relations(: B 98) B Bz O Regions and powers: the structure of international security(C: C U P )


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8

A RSCT T -

q F

T

EU E RSCT T

A

q q : does the concept of

insulation adequately explain the behaviour of Turkey?

T

T RSC E EU T RSCT T A

RSC RSCT

B RSCT

via media

D RSCT T

T

T

T

q AKP

K

Methodology

T - T

A G A B

4

B Bz O Security: a new framework for analysis (: R P 998) 74 A G A B Case studies and theory development in the socialsciences (C: T T P )


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9

RSCT

- q

j (E ) T

H () -K Z (T)

T

T N

E T

EU

7

F RSCT societal political

economic A RSCT -

T

- 978 S

q RSCT9

RSCT

C O K

T G F T-G P-T C P: S O S

N Newsletter of the Organized Section in Comparative Politics of the American Political ScienceAssociation 7 ():

D K A / 8 T P C T A T q j A K Trk Ceza Kanunu 301 4 :////7( ) A E F

F P A D StrategicDepth (Stratejik Derinlik) E A D Stratejik derinlik: Trkiyeninuluslararas konumu (V Y ) U ://///8/7

E EU - S EUROPA - Fq q EU :////q/_( 9 )8

Bz Security 79 O K P-C S S: Dz Sz Security Dialogue (): ( ); C T C S T


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Chapter Outline

T C RSCT

R q C

T E -O

j RSC

K O E

EU RSC T EU

R B

K j

EU

T

RSCT

j

Kz: Sz T U O E? Security Dialogue 8 ( 7): - ( ) A D -O H j P B U H Strategic Depth (Stratejik Derinlik) D Stratejik derinlik T A O A US F O j A S O B G zO G N F: A P T A MiddleEastern Studies 7 (A ): -


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Chapter 2: Security Discourses

R

R

4 O

N R K

EU APEC NAFTA

S

A A D K A A F

A7

A

F

A j

( S US) T

A 8

F z Theory of international politics ( G:

P ) The Tragedy of Great PowerPolitics (N Y: N & C ) T 4

O RSCT T Bz Regions and powers 49

R O K S N Power and interdependence (H: ) A A B Bz - ? A International Relations of the Asia-Pacific 7 (S 7): 87-( O 9)7 A G F Latin Amrica: underdevelopment or revolution (N Y: RP 97)8

T Fz S International Organization 8 (4): -44; G P T B S R TheJournal of Conflict Resolution 7 ( 98):


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F

RSCT T

A T

RSCT

T RSCT

Understanding Regions

D

E

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EH C j

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H G H Politics among nations: the struggle for power and peace (N Y NY:G-H 99) 7 -E C '' Z E H C C The twenty years crisis, 1919-1939: anintroduction to the study of international relations (N Y: P )


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R

9 94 G

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4 UN

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T S Neuordnung N O G E C U N: C V: R A The United Nations 94 ://////8 ( ) D A P Regional orders: building security in a new world(UP: P S P 997) 7

Bzz N S A C Between Two Ages: America's Role in theTechnetronic Era (N Y: V P 97) The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy andIts Geostrategic Imperatives (N Y: B B 998) K N SA N A D H S A


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4

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S C S S 979 International Politics of

Regions - z

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Theory of International Politics R

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77 K N z Theory of international politics ( G: P ) 9-97

8 989


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Policy Outputs

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7

44 S A

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Outliers in IR frameworks: The Buffer State

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Bz Regions and powers 48


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9

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RSC essential structure S

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Security Definitions

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Regional orders 8 9

B Bz People, States and Fear: An Agenda For International Security Studies In The Post-ColdWar Era. (H H: H 99) 7 K B Theory of world security(C: C U P 7) 97

7 7


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7 T

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T : j (

speech act); referent object;

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Sectoral Analysis

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8

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Case Selection Turkey

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4

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Chapter 3: Turkey and the Middle East RSC

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The Middle East RSC and sub complexes

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7

H K T

T K q T

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EU RSC

The Political Sector: Neo-Ottoman Agenda

A E P

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P R E T P q

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My voice will not be that loud. You must know that. [But] when it comes to killing,

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9

O S T RSC

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Azj T

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Bz C

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The Societal Sector: Champions of Islam versus Secularists

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derin devlet F 8

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E Yz B D F 8 T SundaysZaman F 7 9://z/D_NB?=&=8 ( )

B D j Todays Zaman ://z/-9-j------ ( 8 )


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A

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7

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AKP T

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T T q US 9

S (V : P)

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4

US4 F -A -EU

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T

T E

T

T A

O A

A

O E H O

4 A

B A

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A T4

G A R 9-98 B

q S S

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The Economic Sector: The New East

T T O

T

GDP

S A E44 T

4 S B z O G N F: A P T A 4

F T : T B P 849 Intelligence and National Security4 (9): 74 Y S Nationalism and the Arabic Language: An historical overview(R:R 994) 7-8; H KArabs and Young Turks: Ottomanism, Arabism, and Islamism inthe Ottoman Empire, 1908-1918 (B: U C P 997) 9-94 T S The Wilson Quarterly (1976-) 4 (): -44

F E O F International Monetary Fund O :////////// ( A 4)


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F T EU

E

4 F T

q E E

A A

T

4

T T

R E

EU AKP ; 9

(GFC); G ; UN S C

T j

T

T E E

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E 47 Z

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% 8% EU 49

4 S F T N G Survival (): 4

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E C T Hrriyet :///?=-------- ( 4 )


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Conclusions

-

T A RSCT

T

q P

E RSC T

P q

T AKP

T E B

T T

E

T EU RSC

S Bz S: A N F

A S C 9 Bz Security-9


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8

Chapter 4: Turkey and the EU RSC

T EU RSC E

T

E RSC j

EU RSC T T

EU

A EU RSC RSC

EU

EU

Y T

E

P

B R

T

j

EU G-

T

T

RSCT

O N Sz j EU T 7 ( T) (S A) (B Hz K) T GDP PPP EU7 $8 $94 E ( T)T G (TG) Eurostat 9:////TA?=&=&=&=&= ( ) K D Political community and the North Atlantic area: internationalorganization in the light of historical experience (P: P U P 98)


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9

EU RSC Structure

E RSC EU RSC

q q H Bz

EU 4 F

EU K

A

EU EU RSC H

N Sz Y EU

C FYR

P RSC

S R S E NATO E7 EU RSC

RSC Bz

RSC 8 T

G U EU

E RSC EU RSC

T

(G) F U K9 A

R GDP PPP $9

USD G GDP PPP $ T

EU RSC F G

S A

4 Bz Regions and powers 8

C C - E European Commission D :////-/_ ( )7

NATO T 99 R S B 999 S K8 Bz Regions and powers 9

H UK q E D UK F EU

F E O O :////////// ( A 4)


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4

Sz A G

P S

O

EU

A T EU RSC

RSC -

j E K S

EU

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EU T

B

4

T B

T

B 8% % R

9% F % G T T

( GDP PPP EU R

$9)

GDP EU7 T E

T EU RSC q

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EU C T

T

EU EU RSCT

G - : S The Economist A :////9888 ( 4 )

K E S T : E International affairs 8 4 (): 77-774 T B O (T) T E E S S

F E O 7


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The Economic Sector: EU integration

T T-E T

NATO 9

T E

US S

B NATO EEC

-

A T

99 T 9 A B E

T EEC T

8

97 A - EEC US G

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US T T

T EU

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EU T B

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A S G 7 99

EU-T

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EU F 999 T

8 B A S A T-E U RJournal ofEconomic and Social Research 7 (): 99-9

G A A: T E Fourth Pan-European Conference on EU Politics of the ECPRStanding Group on the European Union, University

of Latvia, Riga 8 77

C O T Rq A C SEC (89) 9 / D 989 EU C - SEC D 989 :///447/ ( )


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EU 7 A

7

C T

EU acquis communautaire

EU -

- T C 7 S

acquis T A

- C - T

74 O

9 z T G

7

A EU

T E

T - T

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C

T EU E C B (ECB) G P S

77 T T

7E C - E - T - R

:////-//___( 4 )7 7

G Sz T P E T: P S j S B European Journal of Social Sciences (): 74

P Z T S-A S: T G A World Policy Journal7 4 (): 977 R E T EU : N The Guardian O :///////-- ( A )7 E - T Civitas - EU Facts O :////FSS/S4 ( A 4 )77

T 9 GFC GDP 8% -4% G -% % S -4% P F E O


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4

EU

G78 S79

The Political Sector: Greco-Turkish Conflict

T T B

G T ( 8)

H

F G EU

T - 8 G

( EU RSC) T

RSC

G T

C8

C T

T EU

RSC T F T

RSC

T RSC B G

RSC

EU O

EU

78 C S T G TheTimes :///////7( ); V Tz T G AFP

://////AqjqY7FQ-DV9DCA?=CNG94988 ( )79 A G T S CNNInternational 8 :////ORD///8// ( )8 B Bz O Security: a new framework for analysis (: R P 998) 48

T Dz S S A T E U : International Organization (): 798

A zz G P: C S T EU TheJournal of the Turkish Weekly N 9 9:////97/--9-----9------9- ( A )


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44

G

T j T C

(EU ) T EU B G-T

RSC T

E A

T T-EU

A G-T T EU RSC

8 T RSC

T E

q q 84 F R EU 7

B 99 -

T T F

B EU

RSC; R

S Y T

EU R B

EU

RSC Cq

EU T

S A K

S S R RSCT

8 T j EU G E 84 C B R Ez B S G U : BC P E U New Voices in Public Policy, Vol 4, No 2 (2010) 4 (S ) F R B j C A T - : Millennium-Journal of International Studies (4):


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4

The Societal Sector: A Society Split

T

B

j T

EU RSC T

F

Y

T 9

8 T

S 8 O E

T B E j T

j T T G

K 87

T A q T T S

88 Sq E

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z j

8 T j H On collective memory(: U C P99) R C q

T S A Why Taiwan? Geostrategic Rationales forChinas Territorial Integrity(S: NUS P 8) 878 D C T F P Middle East Journal ( 998): 4; G K EU : E Institute Europen des Hautes Etudes Internationales ( ):447; z Harmonizing foreign policy: Turkey, the EU and the Middle East(H:A 8) 87

Azz The Kurds of Iraq: Ethnonationalism and National Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan (BT) 88 C Rz P N S The Turkish Straits (D: NjP 987) 989 R H Crossing the Aegean: an appraisal of the 1923 compulsory population exchangebetween Greece and Turkey(N Y: B B ) 4


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4

E T

T E 9

H EU

q B R T

T S E q

T 9 :

T E (

) E

O

AKP -A9 F K

9 G

EU

act T EU

T

E T E S 74% T

EU 4 8% 94 S

T T % T [] T

-9 C

T nation ( j)

EU

T T

S B

9K K T K Q T F P The Future of Turkish Foreign

Policy(4): 849 B T A C A E T E EC Journal of Contemporary European Studies (8): 9 F B A F F Foreign Affairs 88 (N 9): 4-49

Az B T T 94 S T K Hrriyet :///?=87--8-8---8( 4 )9 C P - T Transatlantic Trends :///?_=44( A )


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47

9 N Sz

S A T ( ) 97

EU T

EU z -

D 98 P F

N99 T F

G D A

j T T

( K q ) Y

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9D C U D T F EU H R Der Spiegel

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( 7 )98 S: G The Economist S 7

:////9888 ( 7 )99

O: P F BBC News Online ://////974 ( 7 ) A z T T P E U The WashingtonInstitute for Near East Policy A 8:///C?CD=8 ( 4 );E S S European Commission 9:///_//_?D=&D=9&=9&=9 ( 8 )

A Bz - j B Bz T T -Sz Oslo Workshop papers, Oslo


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48

RSC T

T T insulated q

Conclusions

T RSCT

T-EU

T

E

E T

EU E

P E C

E E

T RSC T

F E

T C

E


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49

Chapter 5: Analysis

A RSCT

insulators T A

RSCT :

T O

T ( P q

C ) j

E EU RSC B

T j

RSC RSCT

T

z

H

RSCT C S

via media - . F

T

EU Cq

T z

D

T

RSCT

Insulators Elevate Certain Security Issues in Order to Securitise Them

T T

not G-T

EU not


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F Acquis Communitaire

z T C

F G

A C q

EU US$8 T

US$48

C A T

EUR$7 C 4 F

T C

T

T

RSCT zz U C

T EU T

- j

T EU T

A T C q

T

S B R

T EU

q

q R-

S B T

EU Aq N C Secretariat General for EU Affairs - Turkey PrimeMinistry S 9 :///?=448&= ( 8) P S Turkish EU membership: a simulation study of economic effects (AC E )4 P C C T EUR 7 C (P O )

T T C 7 H H Is the Turkish Cypriot Population Shrinking?(O: P R 7) 47

R F H R H C P RTransparency International :///_/_/// ( ) G U : B C P E U


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q

EU RSC G

A j

B

O E A

T E

K q q S T

C

U RSCT

P q AKP T A

B

E RSC

T O

EADS

Internal Forces Contribute to Insulation

RSC 7

T

K

AKP H

T

-

K

RSCT

RSC

EU

EU RSC

q S

7 S A +4+ Bz


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T RSC

E

P q

- K C

T AKP

K

AKP -

K K

Different Sectors Pushing in Different Directions Constrain Insulators

F T

A

Diagram A: Sectoral divergence in Turkey

T EU RSC

EU j

E E T

A AKP T


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8 A AKP

F

T R

F R EU

E 7% EU 9

A GPD PPP

4% T z EU

78% 4 T

/

AKP K

T

RSCT Bz

Regions and Powers. T

T

F

RSCT F

A

A A

T

A K

H - C A RSC

8F 9 AKP

T SS 9 - /4/9:///9/4//S9?=7 ( )9

E S S T K

48-488 RSCT Bz Regions and powers 48-488


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4

Many Turkish Actions Result from Structural Constraints

H T

T T

T

F T

EU

-

F B R

S z

T

RSCT

T

A RSCT

RSCT

RSCT

RSCT

j

z

F

R S

H

q

S T E

EU T S H

S A C O T

R S B P: B R S B

International Security9 ( 994): 7-7 E G G P H O S A: Az R SS International Security (8): -7 ( 8 ); A T


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T R R

R [] T

4 E T

RSCT j T

zz T

RSCT j

T

R P

H P

- RSCT j F P -

q RSCT

A T K

RSC j- H RSCT

j q

7

P RSCT F

Bz

8

9 A RSCT

O :: C N - A

:////C/HA ( 8 )4 C T Todays Zaman D ://z/-84--------- ( ) R D P D : - Internationalorganization 4 (988): 47-4

47 R P S Bz Regions andpowers -488 Bz Regions and powers 487

9 -7


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T

RSCT is a ProblematicVia Media

RSCT via media

- T z

A

F E D

C A

j EU

T

T

O q RSCT

R

RSCT

U RSCT

C Pj

C S B S j

q

7

A T - : B S : Bz C Review ofInternational Studies (99): 8


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7

T

q V Y

RSCT Variations

T RSCT

RSCT T RSCT F A K RSCT

T j RSC

4 T

E A A B RSCT K

US

RSCT

T K

US

T

j RSCT

4 K R- C: R R T 9 A B T C S US-T R: T T Nq Oficina do CES, C E S U C 8


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8

Chapter 6: Conclusions

A RSCT

T

q E

RSCT T

RSCT

Main Findings

F RSCT -

T E-T

H T

RSCT

T

E

S EU-T RSCT

T

q -

RSCT

T RSCT T

H K

T

K

T

E


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9

T

RSC A

T

E

E T

j

insulation T

T RSCT

RSCT

F R B T

EU

E

C B EU T

T T

E E

E AKP

A

E

A RSCT -

j T

-

C

H RSCT

z T

T T


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Potential for Further Research

S A

B N K A

F

Bz R P

RSCT

j

-C A

T RSC



61/71

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7

Appendix A

Regional Subsystem Attribute List

T The Regional Subsystem: A Conceptual

Explication and a Propositional Inventory7

P T

-

4 E O 7 A 8 A 9 S U S

G- zS 4A S

F 7E z8A-

9A A q C

7 T T R S


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Appendix B

RSCT Structure Map

regional security complex theory and insulator states: the case of turkey

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