Remote Fibre Identification

Daniele Costantini - 3.10.2018

Passcom – Rail Technology Day

PON Monitoring

PON

Port2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

Feeder Link

(GPON up to 35km )

Passive Optical Network (PON)

PON Passive Optical Network

Splitter Passive Optical Splitter

CBT Connectorized Block Terminal

ONT Optical Network Terminal

PON : point-to-multi point access mechanism - its main characteristic is the

use of passive splitters in the fibre distribution network, enabling one single

feeding fibre from the provider's central office to serve multiple homes andsmall businesses

Splitter

PON Monitoring

PON

PortWDM 2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

GPON - up to 35km

FBG markers

PON - Remote Fibre Identification

45dB dynamic range

1:2 1:2 1:21:2

PON Monitoring

PON

PortWDM

PON

PortWDM

2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

GPON - up to 35km

FBG markers

up to 16 parallel channels

16x2x32 = 1024 Users Monitored on 32 PON’s

PON - Remote Fibre Identification

45dB dynamic range

An Optical Network Test, Verification and Management Solution

• An installation aid or permanent solution

• Monitor up to 4096 specific fibres and locations simultaneously

• Identify specific locations up to 160km away

• Suitable for PON or PtP (with or without WDM) networks

• Operates over single mode [or multi mode fibre]

• Passive operation in the network circuit

• C & U band versions

• Does not affect normal traffic

Remote Fibre Identification - What is it?

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Market leading photonics company

Unmatched all-fiber optical filters

Innovative swept laser modules

Premier fiber optic sensing solutions

Products – Tunable Fiber Fabry-Perot Filters

8

Application

Telecom T&M

FBG interrogators

CO2 Sensing

Lasers & Optical Systems

Mirrors

Cavity Length

Single Mode Fiber

Glass Ferrule

Products – Swept Lasers

9 Micron Optics Confidential

Application

3D CMM

Medical OCT

FBG Array 1

FBG Array 2

FBG Array 3

FBG Array 4

Gas Cell

Fabry-Perot

Power Ref.

FBG

Swept Laser

Pho

to-d

etec

tors

DUTs

Products – Sensing Interrogators [Optical Spectrum Analyzers]

FBG Array 1

FBG Array 2

FBG Array 3

FBG Array 4

DUTs

Sensing Interrogators [Optical Spectrum Analyzers]

45dB dynamic range

160nm wavelength range

16 channels

5 kHz scan rate

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)

λ λ

± 2 nm

Strain e

Temperature change DT

FBG Array - Wavelength Multiplexing

λ1

P

Wavelengthλ3

λ2

λ4

Λ1

Λ2

Λ3

Λ4

eDT

Reflected

Light Spectra

1540 1542

2nm 2nm

1512 1516

4 nm 4 nm

1580 1582

2 nm 2 nm

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Main Applications

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Rail - Tracks STRAIN & TEMPERATURE

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LOADRail – Pantographs & Catenary

Rail – Pantographs & Catenary

17

ACCELERATION

Rail – Pantographs & Catenary

18 os5500 operated over 300km at speeds up to 320km/h

DISPLACEMENT

Rail - Infrastructure

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STRAIN & LOADS & EVENTS

Steel tendon breakage in presence of train traffic

Flat wheels detection

Rail - Infrastructure EVENTS

Rail - Intrusion

Non-detectable: buried optical sensors emit zero detectable emissions.

16 channels at 160 nm surround long perimeters w/high spatial resolution.

FBGs monitor strain on walls/fences while buried FP sensors monitor vibrations from foot traffic or digging.

EVENTS

1:2 1:2 1:21:2

PON Monitoring

PON

PortWDM

PON

PortWDM

2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

GPON - up to 35km

FBG markers

up to 16 parallel channels

16x2x32 = 1024 Users Monitored on 32 PON’s

“Products” – Remote Fibre Identification

45dB dynamic range

160nm range

1 kHz scan rate

16 channels

2:32

CBT ONT

CBT

ONT

ONT

FBG markers

45dB dynamic range

160nm range

1 kHz scan rate

16 channels

IL (1x32) 17dB

1. Standard Hyperion + 2x32 splitter

2. Standard Hyperion + 25km Link

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- Lasers sweeps a 100 nm bandwidth (1500 nm to 1600 nm) over 100 ms

- Receiver collects the reflected signal simultaneously within the same 100 ms

Standard Hyperion

10 FBG fiber array

25km Link

IL (25km) 7dB

3. Modified Hyperion + Feeder Link + 2x32 Splitter

• A Hyperion instrument was modified with a +10 dB gain on the receive electronics of channel 1

• A booster amplifier was added after the laser sub-module

• Up to 7 spools of fiber form the communication link between the interrogator and the FBG array (~ 5 km to 30 km)

• 3 FBG arrays are used to model the potential span of ONT wavelengths

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IL typ = 0.3dB/km

IL (30km) 9dB IL (1x32) 17dB

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Transmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus FBGsTransmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

1540 nm

FBG1550 nm

FBG

1560 nm

FBG

- Lasers sweeps a 20 nm bandwidth (1540 to 1560 nm) over 100 µs (from 25 to 125 µs)

- Laser (and booster) turned off and the receiver collects data for the remaining 375 µs

Rayleigh + FBG signals

Rayleigh noise floor signal (only)

3. Modified Hyperion + 5km Link + 2x32 Splitter

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Transmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus FBGsTransmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

1540 nm

FBG1550 nm

FBG

1560 nm

FBG

3. Modified Hyperion + 15km Link + 2x32 Splitter

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Transmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus FBGsTransmit Window

Potential FBG

Receive Window

1540 nm

FBG1550 nm

FBG

1560 nm

FBG

3. Modified Hyperion + 30km Link + 2x32 Splitter

• Able to observe the entire span of FBGs across all test conditions

• Limited by Rayleigh noise floor

• Long wavelength FBGs will always have higher SNR than short wavelength FBGs due to roll off of backscatter

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3. Modified Hyperion + Feeder Link + 2x32 Splitter

4. WDM/TDM Approach

• How else can we reduce Rayleigh noise floor?

• Let’s interrogate small slices of lasing bandwidth for specific FBGs

• The standard Hyperion instrument has receive window of 500 µs

• The laser is configured to sweep a ~1 nm bandwidth over 5 µs (from 25 to 30 µs)

• The laser (and booster) are turned off and the receiver collects data for the remaining 470 µs

• The following slides show the resulting Rayleigh noise floor signal (only) followed by the Rayleigh + FBG signals

• NOTE: The following slides are the 1549.5 to 1550.5 nm span; final implementation would iterate over all FBGs spans required

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4. WDM/TDM Approach / 5km Link

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Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 10km Link (two spools)

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Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Marginal

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 15km Link (three spools)

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Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Rayleigh OnlyMarginal

FC/APC

Connections

Good

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 18km Link (four spools)

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Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Marginal

FC/APC

Connections

Good

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 22km Link

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Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Marginal

FC/APC

Connections

Good

FC/APC

Connections

Bad

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 26km Link

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Rayleigh Only

Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Marginal

FC/APC

Connections

Good

FC/APC

Connections

Bad

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach / 30km Link

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Rayleigh Plus 1550 nm FBG

1550 nm

FBG

Rayleigh OnlyMarginal

FC/APC

Connections

Good

FC/APC

Connections

Bad

FC/APC

Connections

4. WDM/TDM Approach - Summary

• Enhanced WDM/TDM approach shows significant increase in SNR over Rayleigh backscatter

• Independent of FBG wavelength or total FBG array wavelength span

• ~ 10 dB SNR observed

• More OTDR information observed in enhanced approach

• Splice/connection discontinues

• Point losses

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2:32

FBG markers

4. WDM/TDM Approach – Workshop DEMO

Iteration over all FBGs can be done quickly in custom firmware

5km 25km

• Allows individual remote locations along a fibre to be identified from a central location

• Identifies the location of faults and breaks along a fibre link – similar to an OTDR but with

increased intelligence

• Reduces installation time and cost

• Reduces or eliminates on-site line testing

• Prevents network configuration errors

• Speeds up network verification and handover

• Enhances network management by adding multiple passive network demarcation points

• Monitors all connected fibres continuously

• Sends alarms if connections are lost and identifies the fault location

What does/could it do?

Fibre Type Split

Ratio

Max Reach

(km)

Wavelength Band

/Range (nm)

No. of monitor

channels

No. of locations

External/Internal

No. of fibres

Or end points

Multi mode 1:1 2 800-870 1 48/48 48

Single mode 1:1 160 C/160 16 2432/4096 16

Single mode 1:2 145 C/160 16 2432/4096 32

Single mode 1:3 130 C/160 16 2432/4096 48

Single mode 1:4 125 C/160 16 2432/4096 64

Single mode 1:8 105 C/160 16 2432/4096 128

Single mode 1:16 90 C/160 16 2432/4096 256

Single mode 1:32 70 C/160 16 2432/4096 512

Single mode 1:64 55 C/160 16 2432/4096 1024

Single mode 1:128 40 C/160 16 2432/4096 2048

Single mode 1:256 25 C/160 16 2432/4096 4096

Network monitoring capabilities

• Significant cost savings (CapEx & OpEx) during installation & commissioning

• Quick check of line integrity reduces the need for further testing (OpEx)

• Significant service cost (OpEx) reduction

• Enhanced documentation

• Fast return on investment (CapEx)

Benefits & Value

HYPERION: multi channel high-speed “OSA”

• 16 parallel channels

• 160 nm of scanning range

• 5kHz measurements with gas cell accuracy

• Programmable sweep rates

• Programmable real-time hardware peak detection

• Simultaneous FBG, FP, interferometric, LPG

• Dynamic peak data and high resolution full spectrum

• Peak distortion and polarization insensitivity

• Wide -20 to 60 degree fanless operation

• Sensors manufacturing & development• Application development & system integration• Harsh environment deployment

More than a FBG interrogator … but a flexible systemfor both optical characterization, field sensing & …

REMOTE FIBRE IDENTIFICATION !

Contact Info

Dr. Daniele CostantiniDirector – EMEA Sales

Phone: +41 78 652 97 59eMail: emea@micronoptics.com

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