remote sensing forest fires: before and after rob gaboy & aimee treutlein
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Remote Sensing Forest Fires:Before and After
Rob Gaboy & Aimee Treutlein
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Outline
• Why remote sensing is useful
• Current methods & problems with them
• Future of remote sensing– LIDAR– Landsat– AVHRR– ASTER– Hyperspectral satellites
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Why?
• Human population
• Environmental planning
• More cost/time efficient than current methods
• Better understanding
• Detailed mapping
• Improved accuracy
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Current Methods
• Aerial photography
• Field measurements and mapping
• Passive remote sensing
• Medium spatial resolution multi-spectral satellite
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Aerial Photography Problems
• Limited number of bands
• Limited coverage
• Time consuming
• Can’t take photos as often
• Development cost
• Difficulty assessing fuel– subjective
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Problems in the Field
• Time consuming
• Accessibility issues
• Subjective
• Costly– Human and instrument
• Low updating frequency
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Passive Sensors
• Effectiveness
• Can’t see understory
• Depends on intended application
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Medium Resolution
• Superficial observations
• Reflectance
• Rely on field obs
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LIDAR
• Light Detection and Ranging
• Penetrability
• Accuracy
• Data computed
• Applications
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Landsat
• Multispectral– visible and mid-infrared
• High resolution
• Surface/Canopy characteristics
• Vegetation categories
• Recalibrate
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AVHRR
• Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
• Originally Met. Satellite
• Multispectral– visible and thermal infrared
• Long-term monitoring
• Remote and isolated areas
• Restricted
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ASTER
• Multispectral– visible and near-infrared telescope
• Vegetation
• Mapping fuel characteristics
• Quantitative accuracy
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Hyperspectral
• Directly related analysis
• Map vegetation
• Species mapping
• Vegetation classification
• Preventative measure
• Limited spatial coverage
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Conclusions• Better than aerial/ground obs
• Don’t use alone
• Need for surface info
• Most cost efficient
• Helpful in mapping and analyzing– both before and after
• Don’t generalize, need to know underlying process
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References
• Remote Sensing Techniques to Assess Active Fire Characteristics and Post-Fire Effects. Lentile, Leigh B. et al., International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2006, 15, 319-345
• Evaluating ASTER Satellite Imagery and Gradient Modeling for Mapping and Characterizing Wildland Fire Fuels. Falkowski, Michael J. et al., ASPRS Annual Conference Proceedings, May 2004
• Assessing Fuel Loads using Remote Sensing Technical Report Summary. Roff, A. et al., The University of New South Wales, 2005
• http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/GlobalFire/fire_5.html
• http://www.eduspace.esa.int/subdocument/default.asp?document=353