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NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum; accredited by NBA (AICTE), New Delhi)

YELAHANKA, BANGALORE – 560064

A Micro project Report On

REMOTE CONTROL CAR

Submitted in partial fulfilment of award for CIE marks of Bachelor of Engineering in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by:

ARCHITH V (USN: 1NT13ME021)

ARQAM ABDULLAH (USN: 1NT13ME022)

CHETAN (USN: 1NT13ME035)

JAIKUMAR V T (USN: 1NT13ME062)

Under The Guidance of

Mr. RUDRA NAIK

Asst Prof, Dept of Mechanical Engineering,

NMIT, Bangalore-64

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

YELAHANKA, BANGALORE-64

REMOTE CONTROL CAR 2015-2016

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This report is the product of discussions, sharing comments and rewriting that relied upon the skills and commitment by Archith V, Arqam Abdullah, Chetan, and Jaikumar V T. There was much that we learned from each other through this project. All the members of the team received support and encouragement from their respective friends and we would like to take this opportunity to thank them.

The success of this effort depends on the lecturers who encouraged students to reflect on their own learning and to pursue imaginative activities and questions.

We wish to thank our college Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, our principal Dr. H C Nagaraj, Head of Mechanical department Dr. Kiran Aithal, our guide Asst. Professor Rudra Naik and to all my friends who helped me in completion of this micro-project.

BE, Mechanical Engineering, NMIT, Bangalore-64


ABSTRACT

Simple radio control cars commonly sold as toys can provide a viable starting platform for the development of low-cost intelligent Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) for the study of

robot collectives. Remote control car is often a radio control device, cable between control and vehicle, or an infrared controller.

Remote control are basically of two types one which is wired and the other one is wireless.Wireless consists of receiving and detecting sensors. Remote control can easily control the movements.

The history of remote control begins in the late 1960’s where a British company produces commercially viable RC cars with the help of nitro gases. Later in 1970’s Japanese firm produced electrical cars which are suitable for remote control.

Remote control car includes the entities such as Mechanical elements such as wheels, Sensors such as IR sensors, proximity sensors, Motors, Driving mechanisms like pulleys, chains, Power supply unit, Electronic unit which includes circuits, Control unit which as microprocessors.



CONTENTS:

Introduction to remote control car History of remote control car Components Procedure

Remote control circuit connections. Motor circuit connections

Working procedure Right side DPDT switch Left side DPDT switch

Calculations Theoretical values Actual values

Advantages Disadvantages Applications Conclusion Budget References



INTRODUCTION

A remote control vehicle is defined as any vehicle that is remotely controlled by a means that does not restrict its motion with an origin external to the device. This is often a radio control device, cable between control and vehicle, or an infrared controller. A remote control vehicle or RCV differs from a robot in that the RCV is always controlled by a human and takes no positive action autonomously.

Remote control car includes the entities such as Mechanical elements such as wheels, Sensors such as IR sensors, proximity sensors, Motors, Driving mechanisms like pulleys, chains, Power supply unit, Electronic unit which includes circuits, Control unit which as microprocessors.

HISTORY OF RC CAR

In the mid-late 1960 a British company, Mardave, based in Leicester, began to produce commercially viable RC Cars. Their first cars were nitro- or gas-powered cars sold in the local area in the early 1970s.

In 1976, the Japanese firm Tamiya, released a series of elegant and highly detailed, but mechanically simple electric on-road car models that were sold as "suitable for remote control". Although rather expensive to purchase, the kits and remote systems sold rapidly.

Figure no. 1: Tamiya’s first remote control car. Figure no. 2 : Detailed view.



COMPONENTS

DC Motors (500rpm) DPDT switches 2- core shield wire Battery (9V) Plastic box (chassis) Connecting wires and battery caps Wheels (50mm diameter) Remote control box.

Figure no. 3: DC motor Figure no. 4: DPDT switches Figure no. 5: 2-core shield wire

Figure no. 6: Battery (9V) Figure no. 7: Plastic box Figure no. 8: Connecting wires

Figure no. 9: Battery caps Figure no. 10: Wheels Figure no. 11: Remote control Box



PROCEDURE

PAPER PLANNING: Before you start making your project you need a paper plan. Measure the following dimensions.Length of the motor (excluding shaft) Diameter of shaft of the motor Inner hole diameter of the motor.

CHASSIS:

Chassis is a mechanical assembly for making a 4 wheel drive platform, where we can fix any controller board to drive the car. This is just the mechanical chassis, optionally as shown in the figure you can use 4 DC geared motors, and 4 wheels with rubber rings so you can make both variants.Dimensions of chassis are as follows:

Length= 165 mm

Breadth = 105 mm and

Height of= 48 mm.

Mark suitable and equidistant points on both sides of chassis for the location of the wheelsDrill holes of diameter ½ inch at a distance of 80mm from each other at height of 24mm on both sides and at the top for the wire connections.Fix the motors on the chassis with the help of nut.

MOTOR CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS

Figure no. 12 Circuit connections for motor.

We know that a Motor rotates clockwise if connected normally and rotates anti-clockwise if the terminals are inverted .So this simple logic is used to make our car to move forward or



backward. We need to control 4 motors here. So for forward movement of the car the two motors on the right side must rotate clockwise and the two motors on the left side must rotate anti-clockwise. For reverse movement of the car the two motors on right side must rotate anticlockwise and two motors on left side must rotate clockwise. Thus DPDT switches are helpful in movement of the car in both the directions.

Table no. 1

MOVEMENTS MOTOR 1 (LEFT) MOTOR 2 (RIGHT)FORWARD CLOCK WISE CLOCK WISE

BACKWARD ANTICLOCK WISE ANTICLOCK WISELEFT ---------- CLOCK WISE

RIGHT CLOCK WISE ----------

REMOTE CONTROL CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS

Figure no. 13: Circuit connections for remote control.

To make anti-clockwise motion of motor, the polarity of supply must be inverted of polarity of supply in clockwise motion. For "Polarity Reversal" DPDT switches are generally

used. This can be done by using the above circuit. Make sure that the wire passes through

the hole drilled in the lid of the chassis. Fix the switches on the remote control box with the



help of suitable fixing agents and make the circuit connections as shown in figure. Fix the

wheels with the help of a nut. Give the chassis a decorative look.

WORKING PROCEDURE

The motors are fixed to the chassis body and the tiers are fitted to the motor shafts. The 9V battery is connected to the center terminals of both DPDT switches.

RIGHT SIDE DPDT SWITCH: Connect the right side motors to the top terminals of right side DPDT switch. Connect it normally (+ ve and - ve ) so that the two motors on right side rotates clockwise when the switch is pressed to top position. Just cross the connections of the top terminals to the bottom terminals using two wires, so that your right side motors rotate anti-clockwise when the switch is pressed to bottom position.

LEFT SIDE DPDT SWITCH: Connect the left side motors to the top terminals of left side DPDT switch. Connect it inverted (-ve and +ve ) so that the two motors on left side rotates anti-clockwise when the switch is pressed to top position. Just cross the connections of the top terminals to the bottom terminals using two wires, so that your left side motors rotate clockwise when the switch is pressed to bottom position.

Both the batteries are connected in opposite directions to complete the circuit. The DPDT switches help in changing in direction of current in both ways. This helps in motion in all directions. For motion in one direction the current should flow in same direction in all four motors for turning of car in any one direction-current should flow in only two of the motors on the same side.

Now the car is ready for the movement.

Table no. 2

MOVEMENT LEFT-DPDT SWITCH RIGHT-DPDT SWITCHFORWARD TOP TOPREVERSE BOTTOM BOTTOM

LEFT ---------- TOPRIGHT TOP ----------

360º LEFT BOTTOM TOP360º RIGHT TOP BOTTOM



CALCULATIONS

THEORETICAL VALUES:

Speed of motor = 500 rpmDiameter of wheel = 50 mmVth =πDN×No .of motors /60 =Π×0.05×500×4/60 =5.23 m/s

ACTUAL VALUES:

Distance covered = 2.4 mTime taken = 2 sVact = D/T =2.4/2 =1.2 m/s

% Loss in velocity i.e., due to friction= Vth – Vact /Vth ×100 = 77.16%

ADVANTAGES

Can control movements more comfortably. Can reach remote parts. Helps in imaging in places inhabitable to humans such as rovers used in space

research. Smaller in size so it can be portable. Cheap in manufacturing remote controlling devices.

DISADVANTAGES

Works using battery which has to be regularly replaced. Has distance limit in controlling devices.



Disturbing wires with the danger to get caught. Complicated circuit which may get cut due to lose connections. Motors will not run at the same specified speed after more usage, which as to be

replaced.

APPLICATIONS

Remote controlled vehicles are used to clear explosives as bomb disposal. Used in radiological survey. They are used as quad copter for aerial photography. RC car is used in road side bomb sweeper. Can be used in movie making. Used in RC water auger Used in remote control police vehicle.

Remote control vehicles have various scientific uses including hazardous environments, working in the Deep Ocean, and space exploration. Remote control car is used by police to detect bombs, or some chemicals, etc- It detects chemicals with its high powered sensors. The majority of the probes to the other planets in our solar system have been remote control vehicles.

Remote control cars are used by many police and military department bomb-squads to defuse or detonate explosives.

Instead of renting expensive life-sized aircraft for aerial scenes in movie making, we can adopt the application of remote control vehicles in movie making.

We can use RC water auger in situations where involving boat-borne drug by smugglers.

Figure no. 14: RC mini vehicle in Figure no. 15: RC vehicle to clear explosives

Radiological survey.



Figure no. 16: RC quad copter Figure no. 17: Road side bomb sweeper

Figure no. 18: RC vehicle Figure no. 19: RC water Augur Figure no. 20: RC Police vehicle

Used in movie making.

CONCLUSION

We analyze successfully the working of DPDT switches.

We got the idea of practical circuit connections.

We conclude that addition of extra motors will help in gaining more speed significantly.

As per calculations theoretical velocity was found to be 5.23 m/s while the actual velocity we got was 1.2 m/s which was a practically a good result.

77.16% of velocity is lost in friction.

If we rotate the motor which are connected in series, the other motor also rotates in same direction due to induced current.

All the motors do not run at the same specified speed (5oo rpm).

Increase in the weight of the car will decrease the speed of the car.



BUDGET

COMPONENTS COST (in RS.) NO. OF COMPONENTS

AMOUNT (in RS.)

MOTOR 200 4 800DPDT SWITCHES 35 2 70

2-CORE SHIELD WIRE 100 1 100BATTERY(9V) 25 2 50

WHEELS 25 4 100PLASTIC BOX 100 1 100

CONNECTING WIRES & BATTERY CAPS

75 ---------- 75

REMOTE CONTROL BOX

50 ---------- 50

DRILLING AND SOLDERING

50 ---------- 50

TOTAL 1395



REFERENCES

http://www.pannkoke.com

http://www.coep.org.in

http://www.ijettjournal.org

http://www.air.flyingway.com/books

http://www.mechatronics.eng.com

http://www.ipcsit.com

http://www.youtube.com

MR. RUDRA NAIK, ASST. PROFESSOR, NMIT, BANGALORE-64


http://www.youtube.com/

http://www.ipcsit.com/

http://www.mechatronics.eng.com/

http://www.air.flyingway.com/books

http://www.ijettjournal.org/

http://www.coep.org.in/

http://www.pannkoke.com/

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