1

Bringingevidencetobearonnegotiatingecosystemserviceandlivelihoodtrade-offsinsustainableagriculturalintensificationinTanzania,EthiopiaandZambiaaspartofthe

SAIRLAprogram

MbaraliDistrict,TanzaniaStakeholder

Workshop,September22nd2016Workshopreport

ReportpreparedbyMiekeBourne,NicholausJohaness,DrBonifaceMassaweandAikandeNataiShoo

2

Tableofcontents1. Introductionsandwelcome.................................................................................31.1. Expectations.................................................................................................31.2. Workshopobjectives....................................................................................41.3. Introductiontotheproject...........................................................................4

2. Welcomenotebyspecialguest............................................................................63. Gatheringperspectives........................................................................................74. SustainableAgriculturalIntensificationrelevantpracticesinMbaraliDistrict....85. StakeholderApproachtoRiskInformedandEvidenceBaseDecisionMaking(SHARED)....................................................................................................................105.1. RootcauseanalysisforbarrierstoadoptionofSAIpractices....................11

6. Stakeholdermapping.........................................................................................137. CloseandNextSteps..........................................................................................15Appendix1WorkshopAgenda...............................................................................16Appendix2Participants.........................................................................................16Appendix3Stakeholdernetworksurveytool........................................................18Appendix4Stakeholderprofileinformationandbaselinedatacollectiontool.....19

Suggestedcitation:BourneM,JohanessN,MassaweB,ShooAN.2016.MbaraliDistirct,TanzaniaStakeholderWorkshop,September22nd2016:WorkshopReport.Fortheproject:Bringingevidencetobearonnegotiatingecosystemserviceandlivelihoodtrade-offsinsustainableagriculturalintensificationinTanzania,EthiopiaandZambiaaspartoftheSAIRLAprogram.WorldAgroforestryCentre(ICRAF),Kenya.

3

1. IntroductionsandwelcomeDr. Boniface Massawe welcomed the participants and highlighted the workshoppurpose,objectives,agenda(Appendix1)andrulesofengagementfortheworkshop.Allparticipantsintroducedthemselves,theirorganisationandtheirexpectationsfortheonedayworkshop.ListofparticipantsavailableinAppendix2.

Photo:Dr.Massaweleadingintroductionsandoutliningtheworkshopobjectives

1.1. ExpectationsTheexpectationofworkshopparticipantsarelistedbelow:

§ ToknowthemeaningofSAIinitisbroadperspectives§ ToknowtheimportanceofSAI§ TounderstandwhatshouldbedonetoenhanceSAIpractises§ To understand the best way of planting beneficial trees and soil issues in

general§ Tobeequippedwithtechnicalknow-howonpracticingSAI§ Tolearnmoreontheissuesoflanduseplanning,forestconservationinhand

withbioorganismsfoundintherespectivelyareas§ Toparticipatefullyandenjoythemeeting§ To understand the project in general and the intended activity to be

implemented§ Togetintouchwithotherstakeholders§ Tobetrainedandsharingofperceptionsamongotherstakeholders§ Aftertheworkshopwillhaveanewperception§ Tohavesomethingtobringbacktomyfellows§ Tolearnthealternativewaysofpractisingagriculture§ ToknowtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofpractisingSAI

4

§ ToknowtheproperareastopractiseSAI§ To have a knowledge on the recommended fertilizer in a given area of

production§ TolearnonhowexpertspractisingSAI

1.2. WorkshopobjectivesDr.Massaweexplainedthattheobjectivesoftheworkshopwereto:• Introducetheprojecttotargetedstakeholders• Captureinformationon:

– whoarekeystakeholders,– theirrolesandconnectivityinrelationtoSAI

• Introduce the Stakeholder Approach to Risk Informed and Evidence BasedDecisionMaking(SHARED)process.

• InitiatediscussionontheSAIinterventionsandidentifygaps.• Capturebaselineinformationfortheproject.HealsodiscussedthegeneralmeaningofSustainableAgriculturalIntensification(SAI).He explained that the concept of SAI developed in response to the need forapproachesthatincreasefoodproductioninresponsetothedemandofagrowingpopulation while conserving critical ecosystem services. A key premise is thatincreased food production should not lead to encroachment into protectedbiodiversityhotspots.InKiswahiliSAIwasdescribedas‘KilimoEndelevu’

1.3. IntroductiontotheprojectMrs.Nataiintroducedtheproject,highlightingtheaims,researchquestions,projectactionareasandconceptualframework.Projectaim:tobuildaninterdisciplinaryresearchprogrammetoincreasetheuptakeofcontext-appropriateSAIinnovationsinEastandsouthernAfricathroughevidencegeneration,dataanalyticsandthedevelopmentof innovativetoolsforstakeholderengagementwithevidence.Sheoutlinedtheprojectispartofalargerprogramme:theSustainableAgriculturalIntensificationResearchandLearninginAfrica(SAIRLA)fundedbytheUKDepartmentfor Integrated Development fund and managed by Wyg and the University ofGreenwich.Theprojecthasa research focusandaims toaddress twokey researchquestions.Primary Question: How can the trade-offs between increased production andenvironmentalimpactbeanalysedandmanagedacrossdifferentscales?Secondary Question: What are the key policy processes? How can engagementstructures,toolsandmetricshelpdecisionmakerscreateanenablingenvironmentforresource-poor smallholders, especially women and young people, to sustainablyintensifyagriculturalenterprises?

5

Photo:MrsAikandeNataiShooofEMU-MALF,TanzaniaintroducingtheprojectMrs.NataihighlightedtheinterdisciplinaryapproachofSAI:• It is widely agreed that to accomplish these aims, a truly interdisciplinary

approachisneeded.• RecentanalysesshowthatkeybarrierstoadoptionofSAIbysmallholdersinSSA

areassociatedwith,institutions,markets,policiesandtechnologies(Reardonetal.,2011).

• Addressing these requires that SAI approaches embrace a farmer-centeredapproach, encouraging constructive communication across multiplestakeholders, development of a conducive policy environment (Barrett et al.,2002)andcreativesociallearninginnovations,includingco-learningwithfarmersandgender-transformativeapproaches(Prettyetal.,2011).

TheprojectisworkinginTanzania,EthiopiaandZambia.Theprojectisworkingatmultiplescales,fromthefarmtotheinternationallevel.

• Incorporatespatiallyexplicitanalysesofindicatorsoflandandsoilhealthaswellashumanwell-beingacrossscales

• Theco-productionofsocio-ecologicaldatasetswillbeusedtoconductmulti-scaletrade-offanalysistoinformandprioritizeSAIinterventions.

6

Figure1.ConceptualFrameworkfortheproject,displayedinasimplifiedform.Lastly,Mrs.Nataihighlightedthattheprojectwillbuildonprojectsthathavetakenplace in theareasuchas theEvergreenAgriculture,KilimoHifadhinaMiti (CAWT)projectimplementedbytheWorldAgroforestryCentreandtheCCAFS,CIATproject:Understandingfarmers’indicatorsinClimate-SmartAgriculturePrioritization.

2. WelcomenotebyspecialguestThe workshop was officiated and opened by the Acting Mbeya RegionalAdministrativeSecretary(RAS)Mr.EnockC.Nyasebwa.Afterthearrivaloftheguestofhonour, theMbaraliDAICOwelcomedhimandhis company.Re-introductionofparticipantswasdone.DAICOwelcomedMrs.Nataiforthebriefdescriptionoftheprojectandtheobjectivesoftheprojectfollowedbywelcomingtheguestofhonourtogivetheopeningspeech.The acting RAS started by acknowledging the project team for selecting MbaraliDistrictinMbeyaRegiontobeanareaofimplementationinsteadofsomanyotherdistrictsinTanzania.Heurgedtheparticipantstotakeitasachallengebecausetheoutputshavetobelearnedbyotherdistrictsintheregionandnation-wide.SAI is very crucial as the population goes up while arable land is diminishing.Therefore,adoptionofSAItechnologiesisoneofthesolutions.HealsolinkedSAIwiththeMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsandSustainableDevelopmentGoalsforfoodandnutritionsecurity,andpovertyalleviation.

7

Hewentfurtherbyensuringthefullsupporttotheprojectincludingensuringmorestakeholders such as thehealth department to be involved.Heurged theMbaraliDistricttobealeadexamplefortheregion,nationaswellastoothercountrieswherethesameprojectisimplemented.

Heurgedall stakeholders topractiseSAI for sustainableusageof land that in turnleads to increase in productivity and the access to market will be enhanced. Heconcludedbyaskingtheprojecttosharetheoutcomesaftertheendoftheworkshopandtheprojectimplementation.

Photo:Mr.EnockC.Nyasebwa,MbeyaActingRAS,providingremarksontheproject

3. GatheringperspectivesFollowingTea,Dr.BonifaceMassaweaskedparticipantstorespondtothestatement:SAIisjustanothernameforwhatwearealreadypracticing.Participantswereaskedto physically move to one of the cards on the floor moving from strongly agree,somewhatagree,neutral,somewhatdisagreeandstronglydisagree.Participantsateachofthepointswereaskedtoprovidesomeinsightontheirchoice.Thefollowingresponseswerereceivedfromeachgroup:

i. Stronglydisagree(06participants)- Itisdifferentinawaythatthecurrentlypractisesdonotinvolveallstakeholder

inthevaluechain.- Itisdifferentfromwhatwearepractisingnow(farmer’spractises).- Thereisenvironmentaldegradation,whichSAIiscomingtoaddress.

8

ii. Somewhatdisagree(02participants)- Livestockaffectfarmsbyfeedingoncrops,hencethereisnolinkorintegration.- Healthsectorisnotinvolvedinparticularwherepesticidesarebeingused.- Thereismisuseoflandthatleadstoacidicsoil.- Tosomeextentthethemes,objectivesandgoalsareknown.

iii. Stronglyagreed(12participants)- Theyhavebeentrainingonthesamebutusingadifferentname,throughthe

CAWTprojectunderICRAF.- Practisesarethesamelikemulchingandagroforestry.- TheygettoknowthepractisesfromParticipatoryForestManagement(PFM)

evenifitwasindifferentname.- SomeofthemarecurrentlypractisingSAIaftergettingknowledgefromACT

(onconservationagriculture).- It is the same in a way as leaving beneficial trees has been traditionally

practiced.

iv. Somewhatagreed(07participants)- Fromtheexistingonethemissingcomponentsareresearchandpolicy.- Agroforestrypractisesareexisting.- ThesustainableusageofwaterisalsoaddressedbyRufijiRiverBasin.

Photo:Mostparticipantseithersomewhatorstronglyagreedwiththestatement

4. SustainableAgriculturalIntensificationrelevantpracticesinMbaraliDistrict

In groups,participantswereasked to identify three to four SAIpractices currentlyongoinginthedistrict.Eachpracticewasrecordedonthetopofacardwiththegender(men,women,both)usingthatpracticealsorecorded.Thebenefitsandanynegativeconsequences as well as barriers to adoption were discussed in the groups andrecorded.

9

Photo:OnegroupdiscussingandrecordingkeySAIpractices,benefits,negativeconsequencesandbarrierstoadoptionTable 1. SAI practices, gender relevant to, benefits, negative consequences andbarrierstoadoptionSAIpractice Gender

(M/F/B)Benefits Negative

consequencesBarrierstoadoption

Usageofindustrialfertilizer

B Enhance/increaseinproductivity

-Itdistractssoilhealth-Itaffectshumanhealthandotherbeneficialorganism

-Higherpurchasingcost-Difficulttoassessit-Theexistingofadulteratedfertilizerproduct

Usageofpesticides M Reducethepests,henceincreasingproductivity

Iteffectstheecologyoftheenvironment

-Higherpurchasingcost-Itneedsaskilledperson-Theexistingofadulteratedproducts

Agroforestry B -Itissourceofenergy,timber,fruitsandshade-Itaddnutrientsinthesoil-Itdeceleratesoilerosion

-Itmaybeacompetitortothemaincropsfornutrients,spaceandlight-Itaccommodatesdestructivesbirds

-Existenceofdrought-Fewexperts-Effectsoftermites

Ridgefarming B -Itreducesoilerosion-Itconservessoilmoistureandfertility

-Ittakestoolongtomaketheridges

-Itisonlydoneinaspecificarea

Usageoffarmyardmanure(FYM)

B -Itaddnutrientsintothesoil

-Itmightbeamediumoftransmittingpestsanddiseases

-Alternativeusageofmanureforgeneratingenergy

10

Waterusage B -Itassistincropproductivity-Itturnssoiltofriable

-Itreduceriverscapacityandhenceaffectsecologyoflivingorganism

-Increaseinpopulation-Unimprovedinfrastructure-Existingofwaterusageauthorities

Mixedcropping B -Itconservesoil-Itaddsoilnutrients-Hasnoharmtolivingorganism

-Itiseasyfordiseasetransmission-Itleadstolowyield

-Itonlyneedsrelatedcrops

Croprotation B -Itbreaksdiseaselifecycle-Itaddsnutrientsintothesoil

-Itisonlyapplicableinmonocroppingsystem

-Climaticconditioninanareawhichmightnotfavourothercrops

5. StakeholderApproachtoRiskInformedandEvidenceBaseDecisionMaking(SHARED)

Mrs.BournepresentedontheSHAREDapproach,whichis:• A demand driven facilitation process for co-learning and co-negotiation of

actionstoachievemutuallyagreedupondevelopmentoutcomes.• The SHARED supports thatdecision-makingmustbe inclusive, embrace the

complexityofreality,takeintoaccountriskandidentifyinvestmentpriorities.• TheSHAREDapproach includesconveningandfacilitatingthe integrationof

diverse knowledge systems, sectors and institutions and opportunities forstakeholderstointeractwithandinterrogatetheknowledge,experienceandevidence.

Figure2FourkeyphasesoftheSHAREDapproach

11

TheuniquefeaturesofSHAREDinclude:• Decisionscanbetestedtowardlongtermdesiredoutcomesandimpacts.• Emphasis is placed on scientific and experience based evidence, and a

comprehensivefacilitationprocessthatintegratesresearch,practiceandpolicy.• Negotiations are based on a much stronger foundational understanding of

interventionimplicationsandnecessarychangesinbehavior.Examples of SHARED approach application were given including work in TurkanaCountyinKenya.

5.1. RootcauseanalysisforbarrierstoadoptionofSAIpracticesParticipantsagreedonfivekeybarrierstoadoptionofSAIpracticesinthedistrict.Eachgroup addressed one of these key barriers. Participants drew maps showing thecausesofthekeybarrier.Foreachcausethequestion‘Why?’wasaskedsothegroupsmovedtowardsrootcauses.

Photo:OnegroupdiscussingthecausesofthekeybarriertheyweregiventoconsiderThetakehomemessageofthisexercisewasthatrootcausesneedtobeaddressedwhenconsideringbarrierstoadoption.

Photo:Oneparticipantsharingwithallthosepresentthefindingsofhergroup

12

Com

BARRIERSTOSAIADOPTIONINMBARALIDISTRICT

Increaseinpopulation

Incomeopportunity

Business

ArablelandCultureand

norms

Polygamy

Naturalcalamity

Drought

Floods

Lackoffamilyplanning

Optingnottouseduetoitssideeffect

Deforestation

Forbuildingpurpose

Timber Poles

Livestockkeeping

Furniture

Pasture

Growthoftownship

Farming

Incomegenerating

Landpreparation

Energy

Charcoal

Bricksmaking

Lackofextensionofficers

Insufficientbudget

Lackofincomegeneratingsectors

Prioritizationofothersectors

Politicalperception

Poormanagementintoexisting

policy

Costofagricultural

inputs

Fewagro-dealers

FewinputsproducersLongdistance

toaccess

Inflation

Lackofregulatingboard

PoorinfrastructurePoor

technologyLackofexperts

Insufficientbudget

Poorinfrastructuremanagement

Misconductofexistingpolicy

Lackofsustainablelanduse

Lackofknowledgeinasociety

Lackofexperts

Food

COMBINEDROOTCAUSEASSESSMENTOFBARRIERSTOSAIADOPTION

13

6. StakeholdermappingParticipantsworkedingroupstolistthestakeholdersrelatedtoSAIthattheyknewof.Table2.StakeholderslistedbyeachgroupGroup StakeholdernameinKiswahiliandEnglish1 - Wizarayakilimo,mifugonauvuvi(Ministryofagriculture,livestockandfisheries)

- Ushirika/umojawaUmwagiliaji(Irrigationassociation)- Asasizakilimo(AgriculturalOrganisations)- Wasindikaji(Processors)- Watafiti(Researchers)- Mawakalawapembejeo(Agro-dealers)- BodiyasokoIgurusi(Igurusimarketboard)

2 - Wasambazajiwapembejeo(Agro-dealers)- Halmashauriyawilaya(DistrictCouncil)- SokoineUniversityofAgriculture- MIICO- RUDI- TAHA(TanzaniaHorticulturalAssociation)- ARI-Uyole- MVIWATA- Jumuiazawatumiamaji(WaterUserAssociation)- MIVARF

3 - SACCOS(SavingsandCredit)- MATI-Igurusi- SkimuyaUmwagiliaji(Irrigationscheme)- BondelamtoRufiji(RufijiRiverBasin)- KAMYATIKikundichakilimohifadhi(KAMYATIConservationAgriculturegroup)

4 - WWF- RUDI- BOMAMBA(ImproveCropsinMbarali)- RIEFP- MVIWATA- Idarayakilimonamifugo(CropandLivestockDepartment)- Watumiajiwamaji(WaterUserAssociation)- VyamavyaUshirika(Farmer’sAssociation)- Wauzajiwapembejeo(Agro-Dealers)- MATI-Igurusi- Idarayamaliasilinautalii(departmentoftourismandnatureconservation)- Taasisizawatafiti(ResearchInstitutions)- BondelamtoRufiji(RufijiRiverBasin)- Idarayaaridhi(landdepartment)

Onaflipchartthegroupsdrewthestakeholders,withthesizeofeachcircleindicatingtheimportanceofthestakeholder(biggercirclesmoreimportant).Linesweredrawnbetween

14

stakeholderstoindicateinteractionwitharrowsusedtoindicatethedirectionoftheinteraction(onewayorbothways).Thegroupspresentedtheirmaps,photobelow.

Photos:StakeholdermapspreparedbygroupsindicatingSAIrelevantstakeholders,theirimportanceandconnections

15

Individualswerethenaskedtofillasurvey(Appendix3)aboutthestakeholderstheirorganisationinteractswithinrespecttoSAI.

Photo:IndividualparticipantsfillingdetailsontheirorganisationsstakeholderrelationshipslinkedtoSAIThroughouttheworkshop,participantswereindividuallyinterviewedtodeterminetheirengagementinSAIrelatedpractices,policyandprogrammesandtheiraccesstoinformation.Responseswerecollectedonhardcopysurveys(seeAppendix4)orthroughODK,anonlinesurveytool.

7. CloseandNextStepsDr.BonifaceMassaweclosedtheworkshopbythankingallparticipantsfortheircontributionsandengagement.Hehighlightedthat:

• Baselinedatawillbeusedtomeasuretheprojectimpact• Stakeholdernetworkinformationwillbemapped(willshoworganisationname)asa

baselineandbeusedtoidentifyentrypointsforfutureactivities• NextactivityinthefieldwillbeparticipatoryidentificationofSAIinterventionsfor

pilots(earlynextyear)• Nextworkshopwillbemid-latenextyear

Heaskedforanyquestionsorcommentsandaskedforparticipantstoshareanyrelevantprojectreportsorinformation.

16

AppendicesAppendix1WorkshopAgendaTime Activity Responsible

8.30–9.00

Registration MiekeBourne

9.00–10.00

Openingspeech Introductionsandw/shopobjectives IntroductionofProject

RAS Dr.BonifaceMassawe Mrs.Natai

10.00–10.30

Teabreak All

10.30–11.30

DiscussiononSAIandidentificationofmainpracticesintheareaanddecisionmakinglevelsandprocesses

MiekeBourne Dr.BonifaceMassawe Mrs.Natai

11.30–12.30

IntroductiontoSHAREDanddecisionmakingprocesses MiekeBourne

12.30–13.30

Lunch All

13.30–15.30

Participatoryexerciseonstakeholdermappingthencompletionofstakeholdernetworkform

MiekeBourne Dr.BonifaceMassawe Mrs.Natai

15.30–16.00

Tea/soda All

16.00–16.30

Nextstepandclosing Dr.BonifaceMassawe

Appendix2ParticipantsNo Name Gender Organisation Contactnumber

(+255ifnotindicated)1 OlivaSule Female DivisionOfficer-Ilongo +2557543476232 AnganileN.Luvanda Female VillageExecutiveOfficer-Igava +255714-6362663

ChescoKiyao MaleAgricTeachers/secondaryschoolsMalenga +255754257405

4 MaryNyika Female Extensionofficer-Ward +2557598349945 SosthenesSilayo Male DivisionOfficer-Rujewa +2557565655006 MayasaY.Madabi Male MVIWATA-Igurusi +2557536400887 GastonMwakasege Male Agrodealers(inputshops) +2557525222898 FarajaPongo Female Farmergroup,Rice +2557624487639 SamsonMwambungu Male Extensionofficer-Village +25575581350310

JamsonD.Mwailana Male DEDOffice,MbaraliDistrictjnchimbis@yahoo.co.uk0754429692

11 SolomonE.Mwambene Male Farmergroup,maize +255759275143

17

12 AdinanSekiforKenedyKirenga Male

NGOs;cropsproduction-RUDI-representativeMbarali +255757718531

13 MeshackMbuhilo Male IgurusiRiceMarketCompanyLTD +25576875368414

JohnManyama MaleLtdMbaraliDC.CooperativeOfficer,DEDMbaraliDistrict +255755550310

15 BarakaBartonKiluswa Male Traders/offtakers-Rice +25576477460616 AugustinoLawi Male DLFDO,MbaraliDistrict 075312275817 RemigiusMdetele Male NGOs;environmentaleducation-RIEFP +25578434505918 RashidNgovano Male WardExecutiveOfficer-Itamboleo +25575654066419 JescaMahenge Female Extensionofficer–Village-Itamboleo +25576933651720

SevelinaMwazembe FemaleFarmerGroupNurseryoperator-Itamboleo +255755167645

21 DicksonMaruchu Male DAICO,MbaraliDistrict +25575488895422 JosephMosesChambo Male Extensionofficer–WardMiyombwezi +25576205821123

SebioJujuRuben MaleFarmerGroupNurseryoperator–RujewaIhanga +255764805563

24 PatrickCharles Male DFO,MbaraliDistrict +25575444135825 GraceMwakitalima Female WardExecutiveOfficer-Ihahi +25575570881226 MgangaNgomuo Male MbaraliDCAgDED 076341217127 GeofreyMwagobele Male MbaraliDC 075434520028 PhilipoZakaria Male VillageExecutiveOfficer-IhehaMadibira +25575761201029 PaisonNdonelo Male Extensionofficer-Ward +25575209194330 WilfredWayomba Male RS-Mbeya 071538058931 NyasebwaChimagu Male RS-Mbeya 075447550232 NicholausJohaness Male ACT–workingunderSUA 065489718833 BonifaceH.J.Massawe

Male SUA-Nationalbonmass@yahoo.com0762822247

34AikandeShoo Female MALF–National

aikairuwa@gmail.com0754893346

35 MiekeBourne Female ICRAF-Nairobi m.bourne@cgiar.org(+254)0788523232

18

Appendix3Stakeholdernetworksurveytool

Mbarali District Tanzania 22 September 2016 Name: __________________ Organisation representing: ____________ Please provide details on any other organizations or persons your organization works with or is in contact with on sustainable agricultural intensification issues over the past year.

Organizationsor

personsyour

organizationworks

withorisincontact

withonsustainable

agricultural

intensification

issues(listeachstakeholderinitsownlinebelow)

Contacttype:

1-Government

2-Privatesector

(profit)

3-NGO

4-Academicor

researchorg.

5-Farmer’s

organization/union

6-Communitybased

organisation(CBO)

7-Media

8-Other(specify)

Interactionover(select

allthatapply):

1-Policydevelopment

2-Policy

implementation

3-Research

development

4-Programmeor

projectdevelopment

5-Fundraising

6–Provisionoftraining

orextension

7-Other(specify)

Wherethe

organizationor

personisbased

(headquartered)

Specificlocations

interactwiththe

organization/

person(districts

etc)

Oneortwocontact

name(s)withnumber,

positionandgender

1.Male

2.Female

Howvaluableis

theinteraction

withthiscontact

toyour

organisation?

1.Very

2.Moderately

3.Notvery

Howoftendoyou

interactwiththem?

1-Veryoften(daily

orweekly)

2-Often(about1

timepermonth)

3-Sometimes(2-4

timesperyear)

4-Rarely(about1

timeperyear)

Isinformation

shared:

1.Fromyoutothem

2.Fromthemtoyou

3.Both-ways

TaasisiauwatuwaTaasisiyakowanaofanyanaokaziauwanajuhusishanashughulizaKilimoEndelevu(SAI)(orodheshakilamdaukwenyemstariwakehapachini)

AinayaTaasisi:

1-Serikali

2-Taasisibinafsi

(inayolengafaida)

3-Shirikalisilola

Kiserikali(NGO)

4-TaasisiyaElimuau

yaUtafiti

5-Taasisiya

Wakulima/Ushirika

6-TaasisiyaKijamii

(CBO)

7-Habari

8-Zingine(taja)

Mahusiano:

1-UtayarishajiwaSera

2-UtekelezajiwaSera

3-uendelezajiwaUtafiti

4-Utayarishajiwa

ProgramuauMradi

(Project)

5-Utafutajiwafedha

6-Utoajiwamafunzoau

ugani

7-Mengineyo(taja)

Taasisihiyoiko

wapiaumtuhuyo

anakaawapi

(MakaoMakuu

yake)

Mahalimaalumu

panapohusianana

taasisi/mtu

(wilaya,nk.)

Majinamojaaumawili

nanafasiyke/yaona

jinsiayake/yao

1. Me

2. Ke

Uthamaniwa

mahusianoya

mtu/watuhaona

taasisiyako?

1. Sana

2. Wastani

Siyosana

Marangapi

mnahusiananao?

1.Maranyingi(kila

sikuaukilawiki)

19

Appendix4StakeholderprofileinformationandbaselinedatacollectiontoolPerson filling this profile____________________ Date __ / 09 / 2016 Start time of survey ______ Country (circle): Ethiopia Tanzania Zambia Locality where individual is based (Eg name of city or town) ______________ Introduce yourself. Explain the following: We are carrying out this questionnaire for ICRAF and its partners to help us understand more about Sustainable Agricultural Intensification (SAI) as it is promoted at both the local and national levels in your country. You may be aware that Sustainable Agricultural Intensification--or SAI for short--has been defined as a form of agricultural production where yields are increased without adverse environmental impacts like deforestation, water pollution, soil erosion, and encroachment on areas not already under agricultural production. Would you be willing to spend approximately about 20 minutes of your time answering my questions? (circle) Yes No

1. What is your full name?

2. Gender Female Male

3. What is your contact number?

4. Do you have an email address? If yes, what is your email address?

5. What is the name of the main organization you work for or represent?

6. What type of organization is this?

Government Private sector (profit) NGO (Non Governmental Organization) Academic or research organization Farmer's organization/union Community based Organization (CBO) Media Other (specify) ___________

7. What your main role (position) in this organization or body?

Director/Chair/Leader Board Member Unit Head/Manager Program/Project/Extension Officer Other (specify) ___________

8. In what particular ways is sustainable agricultural intensification-- defined as intensifying agricultural production without negative environmental impacts--relevant to the work your organization does? (select all that apply)

We are involved in developing country-level agricultural policies We are involved in designing specific agricultural programmes and projects We are involved in managing or implementing agricultural programmes and projects We provide agricultural extension support directly to farmers We carry out research on agriculture Other (specify) ___________

20

9. To what extent does your organization develop government agricultural policy that may be relevant to SAI?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

10. To what extent does your organization make decisions on how resources (financial and human) are allocated to the agricultural sector?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

11. To what extent is your organization involved in the development and design of agricultural programmes, projects, and interventions?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

12. To what extent is your organization involved in disseminating information on improved agricultural methods?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

13. Over the past 12 months--that is, since September of last year--have you either read, participated in a workshop or training, or accessed information from another source on how to intensify agricultural production without harming the environment?

Yes No (many of the stakeholders at local level may say no here, in which case move to question 23 and then go to projects and then the stakeholder network survey)

14. What type of information were you able to access in particular? (select all that apply)

General background information on SAI Information on specific SAI practices relevant for specific areas of your country Evidence on the effectiveness of one or more specific SAI interventions, such as that generated from an impact study Other (specify)_____________

15. What was the source of this information on SAI? (select all that apply)

Brochure/pamphlet on SAI with a specific focus on your country Brochure/pamphlet on SAI that does not specifically focus on your country General (non-research) report on SAI specifically focused on your country General (non-research) report on SAI not particularly focused on your country Research report on SAI for research undertaken in your country Research report on SAI for research undertaken in another country Training session or workshop on SAI Internet information on SAI (word form) Online video Television program Other (specify) ___________

16. Did this information specifically discuss or present how the SAI interventions in question affect men and women differently? If yes How in particular did this information describe how the SAI intervention(s) affects men and women differently? (select all that apply)

Yes No General description on how SAI may potentially affect men and women differently Findings from a qualitative case study on how SAI affects men and women differently Disaggregated quantitative data on how SAI affects men an women differently Other (specify) ___________

17. Did this information describe how the SAI interventions in question affect other specific

Yes No

21

social groups differently, such as rich versus poor farmers or farmers in one particular geographical area versus another? If yes How in particular did this information discuss or present how the SAI intervention(s) affected these other social groups of farmers differently? (select all that apply)

General description on how SAI may potentially affect different groups of farmers differently Findings from a qualitative case study on how SAI affects different groups of farmers differently Disaggregated quantitative data on how SAI affects different groups of farmers differently Other (specify) ___________

18. To what extent did you find this information on SAI trustworthy and reliable (that is, credible)?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

19. To what extent did you find this information relevant and applicable to the work of your organization?

To a large extent To a medium extent To a small extent Not at all

20. Has your organization incorporated any of this information on SAI into its work over the last 12 months, that is, since September of last year? If yes In what particular ways did your organization do this? (select all that apply)

Yes No It was used in the design of government/ organizational policy and/or strategy on agriculture It was used in the design of one or more specific programmes or projects It was used in the design of one or more specific interventions under an existing programme or project It was used to inform the training of or direct extension given to farmers It was used to inform design of extension materials to be delivered to farmers Other (specify) ___________

21. Has any of the information/evidence on how SAI affects men or women differently been factored into your oganisation's work over the past 12 months? If yes In what particular ways did your organization do this? (select all that apply)

Yes No It was used in the design of government/ organizational policy and/or strategy on agriculture It was used in the design of one or more specific programmes or projects It was used in the design of one or more specific interventions under an existing programme or project It was used to inform the training of or direct extension given to farmers It was used to inform design of extension materials to be delivered to farmers Other (specify) ___________

22. Has any of the information/evidence on how SAI affects particular groups of farmers (other than men and women) differently been factored into your organization's work over the past 12 months? If yes In what particular ways did your organization do this? (select all that apply)

Yes No It was used in the design of government/ organizational policy and/or strategy on agriculture It was used in the design of one or more specific programmes or projects It was used in the design of one or more specific interventions under an existing programme or project It was used to inform the training of or direct extension given to farmers It was used to inform design of extension materials to be delivered to farmers Other (specify) ___________

23. Is your organization or group involved in any agricultural programmes, projects or initiatives for which sustainable agricultural intensification may be relevant?

Yes No

22

I am now going to ask you questions about the specific programmes, projects, or initiatives that you organisation is involved with that may be directly work on SAI or for which SAI may be relevant. Programmes, Projects, Initiatives (capture as many as possible) Initiative 1 Initiative 2 Initiative 3 Initiative 4 What is the name of this programme, project or initiative?

What are the specific objectives of this programme, project or initiative?

Is this programme, project or initiative already working directly on SAI? If not To what extent do you think that the integration of SAI issues into this programme, project, or initiative is important?

What is the budget of this particular programme, project or initiative?