report vertebrate

8/11/2019 Report Vertebrate

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ALAM SEKITAR MALAYSIA SDN. BHD.

Survey of Mammals, Reptiles a!Amp"i#ias, $auary to Mar%" &'() Page 1 of 52

CONTENTS PAGES

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4

1.0 INTRODUCTION 6

2.0 STUDY SITES AND METHODS 7

2.1 Diurnal and nocturnal surveys 8

2.2 Weather conditions 9

3.0 RESULTS OF VERTEBRATE ASSESSMENT 10

3.1 Total vertebrate species from JanuaryMarch 2013 10

3.2 Status of vertebrates 113.3 New vertebrate species and notable observations 12

3.4 Globally threatened species 13

4.0 VERTEBRATE DIVERSITY: JANUARY MARCH 14

4.1 Update of vertebrates recorded until March 2013 14


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Table 1 Herpetofauna and mammal (vertebrates) survey schedule 8

at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in JanuaryMarch 2013.

Table 2 Vertebrates recorded inJanuaryMarch 2013 and 11

comparisons with vertebrate diversity in October-December

2012.


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Appendix 1Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) recorded at 20

Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in JanuaryMarch 2013 with

status and distribution.

Appendix 2Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) species 25

recorded at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in January 2013

with distribution and relative abundance.

Appendix 3Herpetofauna and mammals (Vertebrates) species 27

recorded at Putrajaya Lake and Wetland in February

2013 with distribution and relative abundance.

Appendix 4Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) species recorded 30

at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in March 2013 with

distribution and relative abundance.


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The outcome of the 3 months January March 2013 survey indicates the role of

nature and human intervention in the identification of new species at the Putrajaya Lake

and Wetland. The rainy and wet condition during the February survey led to the

identification of the Banded Bullfrog or Malaysian Narrowmouth Toad (Kaloula pulchra).

The survey team also identified a Malayan Soft-shelled Turtle (Dogania subplana)which

was unfortunately caught by illegal angling. More frogs were seen during this period

compared with the previous (October November 2012) which led to the observed

increase in diversity.

Overall, a total 25 vertebrate (herpeto-fauna and mammals) species representing

17 families were recorded during this survey period. This includes 8 amphibian species

from 4 families, 10 reptile species from 7 families and 7 mammal species from 6 families

(Tbl2) Allth i ti i tf th Rd dSlid T tl


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The Smooth-coated Otter, a globally threatened species under the IUCN Red List

of Threatened Species (IUCN 2012) appears unthreatened at Putrajaya with regular

observations at Upper Bisa, Upper West and Lake. Since the survey began in January

2011, a total of 38 vertebrate species (herpeto-fauna and mammals) were success fully

recorded at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland. This list consists of 9 frog species, 18 species

reptile species and 11 mammal species.


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Surveys were conducted to assess the vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles and

mammals) fauna of Putrajaya Lake and Wetlands. The surveys were carried out fromJanuary to March 2013 for the surveillance and evaluation of aquatic and terrestrial

avifauna in the wetland and lake areas. The surveillance aspects include species diversity

and abundance in relation to the surrounding areas, habitat, vegetation and lake and

wetland system.


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2.0 STUDY SITES AND METHODS

The vertebrate surveys were carried out from to JanuaryMarch 2013 at the six

wetland areas and the Lake of the Putrajaya Lake and Wetland. The six wetland areas areUpper West wetland (UW), Upper North wetland (UN), Upper East wetland (UE), Lower

East wetland (LE), Central wetland, Upper Bisa wetland (UB) and the main Lake.

Surveys to observe and record vertebrates were conducted by the distance sampling

using point counts, as well as distance sampling using line transect methods (Bibbyet al.

2000). Both these methods were carried out using the random and systematic sampling.

Distance sampling point counts and distance sampling line transects are able to provide

estimates on the relative abundance of vertebrate species, and can also provide

estimation of densities when combined (Sutherland, 2006).


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2.1 Diurnal and nocturnal surveys

Diurnal and nocturnal vertebrate assessments were carried out as

comprehensively as possible, at each wetland area during monthly surveys. Surveys

were primarily carried out during the daytime periods (diurnal). Diurnal and nocturnal

bird surveys were carried out as comprehensively as possible, at each wetland area

during monthly surveys. Surveys were primarily carried out during the daytime periods

(diurnal). Nocturnal (night) surveys were conducted at the Lower East Upper Bisa

wetlands on 2526 February, Upper North and Upper East wetlands on 27 February and

at Lake-north (Lake Valley) on 15 March 2013.

Table 1. Herpetofauna and mammal (vertebrates) survey schedule at Putrajaya Lake &

Wetland in JanuaryMarch 2013. Wetland areas: UW = Upper West, UN = Upper North,


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2.2 Weather conditions

Weather conditions during the survey period in January and March 2013 were

generally quite dry. However, the weather in February was quite wet with rain on foursurvey days. The survey schedule and survey period with rain from JanuaryMarch are

shown in Table 1.


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3.0 RESULTS OF VERTEBRATE ASSESSMENT

3.1 Total vertebrate species from JanuaryMarch 2013

A total 25 vertebrate (herpeto-fauna and mammals) species representing 17

families were recorded during the vertebrate assessment in JanuaryMarch 2013 (Table 2,

Appendix 1). The 25 vertebrate species consisted of eight amphibian species from four

families, 10 reptile species from seven families and seven mammal species from six

families (Table 2). Eleven vertebrate species were wetland species and 14 species were

terrestrial vertebrate species. Of the 25 vertebrate species recorded, 24 were native

species and one species, Red-eared Slider TurtleTrachemys scriptaeleganswas an

introduced/exotic or escaped species (Appendix 1).


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Table 2. Vertebrates recorded inJanuaryMarch 2013 and comparisons with vertebrate

diversity in October-December 2012. Amph. = amphibian species, Rep. = reptile species,

Mam. = mammal species. WS = wetland species, TS = terrestrial species, W/T =

wetland/terrestrial species, IE = introduced/exotic species or escaped from captivity.

Survey

period

Species and

family

Vertebrate species Vertebrate status

Month

(2013)

No.

species

No.

family

Amph.Rep. Mam. Native

species

IE WS TS

January

March(2013)

25 17 8 10 7 24 1 11 14

January 9 8 - 5 4 8 - 3 6

February 19 13 8 5 6 18 1 11 8

March 14 12 3 5 6 13 1 5 9

Otb 20 14 6 5 9 19 1 8 12


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3.3 New vertebrate species and notable observations

Three new vertebrate species were recorded in JanuaryMarch 2013. The three

vertebrate species consisted of one amphibian Banded Bullfrog/Malaysian

Narrowmouth Toad (Microhylidae family)Kaloula pulchra(see Plate 1), and two reptile

species Green Crested LizardBronchocela cristatella(Plate 2) and Malayan Soft-shelled

TurtleDogania subplana(see Plate 3). Banded Bullfrog was recorded at Central Wetland

on 25 February 2013, at Upper Bisa on 26 February 2013 and at Lake-South on 15 March

2013. A single Green Crested Lizard was observed at Central Wetland on 8 January 2013.

A large adult Asian Soft-shelled Turtle was recorded at Upper North wetland where it

was caught by anglers fishing at the area. Discovery of Malayan Soft-shelled Turtle

added a new reptile family,Trionichidae(soft-shelled turtles) to the list of herpetofauna

family groups (see Appendix 1).


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Plate 3. Asian Soft-shelled Turtle is a

new reptile species recorded at Upper

North wetland 5 March 2013

Plate 4. Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog

was observed at a new area at Lake

North 26 February 2013

3.4 Globally threatened species

One mammal species Smooth-coated Otter is a globally threatened species under

the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2012) recorded in the JanuaryMarch


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Higher diversity of vertebrates was recorded in February (18 species) compared to

March (14 species) and January (9 species) during the 3-month assessments (Table 2).

More species of amphibians were recorded in February (7 species) compared to the other

two months in January (no amphibian) and March (3 species) (Table 2). Mammal species

were recorded in relatively even numbers in all three months, with four species in

January, and six species each in February and March 2013 (Table 2, Appendices 2 - 4).

4.1 Update of vertebrates recorded until March 2013

A total of 38 vertebrate species (herpeto-fauna and mammals) has been recorded

at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in the 2011-2013 vertebrate assessment until March 2013.

The 38 herpeto-fauna and mammal species are represented by nine species of

hibi (f )18 i f til d11 i f l


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5.0 MONTHLY SURVEY RESULTS

5.1 Herpeto-fauna and mammal survey in January 2013

5.1.1 Survey areas and methods

Surveys and related activities were carried out at the Putrajaya Lake & Wetland

from 416 January 2013. The areas covered during the assessment in January 2013 were

Upper West wetland (UW), Upper North wetland (UN), Upper East wetland (UE) Lower

East wetland (LE), Central Wetland (CW), Upper Bisa wetland (UB) and the Lake. The

vertebrate surveys were conducted using distance sampling point count and distance-

sampling transect methods (Bibbyet al.2000, Sutherland 2006).

5.1.2 Results

A lf i b i f ih f ili ddiJ


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Surveys and related activities were carried out at the Putrajaya Lake & Wetland

from 1928 February 2013. The areas covered during the vertebrate assessment were

Upper West wetland (UW), Upper North wetland (UN), Upper East wetland (UE) Lower

East wetland (LE), Central Wetland (CW), Upper Bisa wetland (UB) and Lake. The

vertebrate surveys were conducted using distance sampling point count and distance-

sampling transect methods.

5.2.2 Survey results

A total of 19 herpeto-fauna and mammal species from 13 families were recorded

in February 2013. The 19 species consisted of eight amphibian species, five mammal


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Vertebrate assessment/surveys and related activities were carried out at the

Putrajaya Lake & Wetland from 115 March 2013. The areas covered during the

assessment were Upper West wetland (UW), Upper North wetland (UN), Upper East

wetland (UE) Lower East wetland (LE), Central Wetland (CW), Upper Bisa wetland (UB)

and Lake. The vertebrate surveys were conducted using distance sampling point count

and distance-sampling transect methods.

5.3.2 Survey results

A total of 13 vertebrate species from 11 families was recorded in March 2013. The

13 species consisted of three amphibian species from two families, four reptile species

f f f l df l f f f l Th l


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6.0 DISCUSSION

A higher diversity of herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) was recorded in

JanuaryMarch 2013 (25 species) compared to the same period in OctoberDecember

2012 (20 species). The higher diversity is partly attributed to the new species of frog and

two species of reptiles recorded in JanuaryMarch 2013. The discovery of the new frog

species Banded Bullfrog somewhat coincided with the wet weather in February 2013.

Wet weather also provided data on the new distribution locations of two other frog

species, Dark-sided Chorus Frog and Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog.

The discovery of the adult Malayan Soft-shelled Turtle demonstrates the growing

diversity of herpetofauna at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland. There may be sustainable

populations of this turtle species and adult soft-shelled turtles could breed and sustain


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7.0 REFERENCES

Amphibia.my. 2009. An online database on the Amphibians and Reptiles of Peninsular

Malaysia. . Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia & UTM Bioinformatics

Research Group (BIRG). Accessed on 20 March 2013.

Bibby, C. J., Burgess, N. D., Hill D. A. and S. Mustoe. 2000.Bird Census Techniques. 2nd

Edn. London, Academic Press.

IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011. Version 2012.2

. Accessed on 12 March 2013.

Sutherland, W. J. (Ed.), 2006.Ecological Census Techniques. U.K., Cambridge University

P


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APPENDIX I

Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) recorded at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in JanuaryMarch 2013 with status and

distribution.Key: Wetlands: UW = Upper West, UN = Upper North, UE = Upper East, LE = Lower East, CW = Central wetland, UB = Upper Bisa,

Lake = Putrajaya Lake. R = resident, IE = introduced/exotic species or escaped from captivity; W = wetland species, T = terrestrial

species. Species listed in capital letters are new species recorded in 2013. IUCN = Global status under IUCN Red List of Threatened

Species (IUCN 2012): NT = globally Near Threatened, Lc = Least concern - species with least concern globally. Common and scientific

names of herpeto-fauna generally follow The Amphibians & Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia lists (). Common

and scientific names of mammals generally follow: IUCN 2012 (IUCN 2012).

Herpetofauna group, Family

and species common name

Scientific Name Species status Distribution at Lake & Wetland areas

R, IE W, T IUCN UW UN UE LE CW UB Lake

AMPHIBIANS

BUFONIDAE Afro-Asian

toads

Common Sunda Toad /

Common Asian Toad

Duttaphrynus (Bufo)

melanostictus

R T Lc x x x x

Dwarf Stream Toad Ingerophrynus parvus R T Lc x

DICROGLOSSIDAE True

frogs

R W Lc

Crab-eating Frog Fejervarya cancrivora R W Lc x


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Appendix 1:Contd

Herpetofauna group, Familyand species common name



Asian Grass Frog Fejervarya limnocharis R W Lc x x x

MICROHYLIDAE Narrow-

mouthed frogs

Darck-sided Chorus Frog Microhyla heymonsi R W Lc x

Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog Microhyla fissipes R W Lc x x

BANDED BULLFROG /MALAYSIAN

NARROWMOUTH TOAD

Kaloula pulchra R W Lc x x x

RACOPHORIDAE Tree frogs

Common Tree Frog Polypedates leucomystax R W Lc x x x

REPTILES

AGAMIDAE Agamid lizards

GREEN CRESTED LIZARD Bronchocela cristatella R T Lc xOriental Garden Lizard Caloted versicolor R T Lc x x x


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Appendix 1:Contd

Herpetofauna group, Familyand species common name



GEKKONIDAE- Geckos

Flat-tailed House Gecko Hemidactylus platyurus R T Lc x

Spiny-tailed House Gecko Hemidactylus frenatus R T Lc x

SCINCIDAE - Skinks

Many-lined Sun Skink Eutropis multifasciata R T Lc x

VARANIDAE Monitor

lizards

Water Monitor Varanus salvator R W Lc x x x x x x x

Clouded Monitor Varanus bengalensis R T Lc x x x

COLUBRIDAE Rear-fanged

snakes

Plumbeous Water Snake Enhydris plumbea R W Lc x

EMYDIDAE American water

turtles

Red-eared Slider Turtle Trachemys scripta IE W Lc x x x

Appendix 1:Contd


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Herpetofauna group, Family




TRIONICHIDAE Soft-

shelled turtles

MALAYAN SOFT-SHELLED

TURTLE

Dogania subplana R W Lc x

MAMMALS

TUPAIIDAE Treeshrews

Common Treeshrew Tupaia glis R T Lc x x

CERCOPITHECIDAE- Old

World monkeys

Long-tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis R T Lc x x x

SCIURIDAE Tree squirrels,

ground squirrels

Grey-bellied Squirrel Callosciurus caniceps R T Lc x

Plantain Squirrel Callosciurus notatus R T Lc x x x

Appendix 1:Contd

Herpetofauna group, Family Scientific Name Species status Distribution at Lake & Wetland areas


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MUSTELIDAE Martens,weasels, badgers & otters

Smooth-coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata R W NT x x x

VIVERRIDAE Civets &

Mongooses

Common Palm Civet Paradoxurus

hermaphrodites

R T Lc x x

SUIDAE Wild boar

Wild Boar Sus scrofa R T Lc x x x

APPENDIX 2

Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) species recorded at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in January 2013



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Key:Species listed in capital letters are new species recorded in 2013. Wetlands: UW = Upper West, UN = Upper North, UE = Upper

East, LE = Lower East, CW = Central wetland, UB = Upper Bisa, LAKE = main Lake. CW-W = Central wetland West, Lake-N = Lake

North, Lake-E = Lake East. For scientific names please refer to Appendix 1.

Herpetofauna group, family &

species common name UW No. UN No. UE No. LE No. CW No. UB No. LAKE No.

REPTILES

AGAMIDAE Agamid Lizards

GREEN CRESTED LIZARD CW-W 1

GEKKONIDAE Geckos

Flat-tailed Lizard Lake-N 1

VARANIDAE Monitor Lizards

Clouded Monitor LE2 2

Water Monitor UN4 1 UE1 1 LE1 1 UB1 4 Lake-E 3

Lake-N 1

EMYDIDAE -American Water

Turtles

Red-eared Slider Turtle UN1 1 LE2 3 Lake-N 2

Appendix 2:Contd

Herpetofauna group, family & No. UN No. UE No. LE No. CW No. UB No. LAKE No.


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species common name UW

MAMMALS

CERCOPITHECIDAE- Old World

Monkeys

Long-tailed Macaque UN2 5

SCIURIDAE Tree Squirrels &

Ground Squirrels

Plantain Squirrel Lake-N 1

MUSTELIDAE Martens, Weasels,

Badgers & Otters

Smooth-coated Otter UB2 5 Lake-E 1

SUIDAE Wild Boar

Wild Boar

UW1

1

(Tr) LE1

1

(Tr)

UW8

1

(Tr)

APPENDIX 3

Herpetofauna and mammals (Vertebrates) species recorded at Putrajaya Lake and Wetland in February 2013



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Key: Species listed in capital letters are new species recorded in 2013. UW = Upper West, UN = Upper North, UE = Upper East, LE =

Lower East, CW = Central wetland, UB = Upper Bisa, LAKE = main Lake. CW-W =Central wetland west, Lake-N = Lake north, Lake-

S = Lake south, Lake-E = Lake east. For scientific names refer to Appendix 1.Herpetofauna group, family &


AMPHIBIANS

BUFONIDAE Afro-Asian toads

Common Sunda Toad UE3 3 LE1 1 UB2 1

DICROGLOSSIDAE True frogs

Crab-eating Frog UE3 1

UE2 1

Asian Grass Frog UN3 13 UE3 1 UB1 22

UB2 1


mouthed frogs

Dark-sided Chorus Frog UB2 1

Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog UN3 1

BANDED BULLFROG /Malaysian

Narrowmouth Toad CW-W 3 UB1 7

Appendix 3:Contd

Herpetofauna group, family & No. UN No. UE No. LE No. CW No. UB No. LAKE No.


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species common name UW

UB2 4

RACOPHORIDAE Tree frogsCommon Tree Frog UN3 2 UE1 2 UB1 1

REPTILES


Oriental Garden Lizard UN6 1 Lake-S 1

VARANIDAE Monitor lizards

Clouded Monitor UW7 1

Water Monitor UW2 1 UE2 2 CW-W 1 UB1 8

UW7 1

COLUBRIDAE Rear-fanged

snakes

Plumbeous Water Snake UE3 2

EMYDIDAE American water

turtles

Red-eared Slider Turtle Lake-E 1

Appendix 3:Contd




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MAMMALS


Common Treeshrew UW7 2

SCIURIDAE Tree squirrels &

ground squirrels

Grey-bellied Squirrel Lake-N 1

Plantain Squirrel UW7 2 UN1 1

UN8 2

MUSTELIDAE Martens, weasels,

badgers & otters

Smooth-coated Otter UW4 1 UB1 4

VIVERRIDAE Civets &

mongooses

Common Palm Civet UE1 2 LE2 1

SUIDAE Wild boar

Wild Boar UW4 1 Lake-N 1(Tr)

APPENDIX 4

Herpetofauna and mammals (vertebrates) species recorded at Putrajaya Lake & Wetland in March 2013



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Key: Species listed in capital letters are new species recorded in 2013. UW = Upper West, UN = Upper North, UE = Upper East, LE =

Lower East, CW = Central wetland, UB = Upper Bisa, LAKE = main Lake. CW-S = Central wetland south, CW-W =Central wetland

west, Lake-N = Lake north, Lake-S= Lake south. Tr = Recorded by evidence of tracks, diggings on ground and other signs. Forscientific names refer to Appendix 1.



AMPHIBIANS

BUFONIDAE Afro-Asian toads

Common Sunda Toad Lake-S 3


mouthed frogs

Ornate Narrow-mouthed Frog Lake-S 21

BANDED BULLFROG / Malaysian

Narrowmouth Toad Lake-S 6

REPTILES


Oriental Garden Lizard LE1 1 Lake-N 1

Appendix 4:Contd


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GEKKONIDAE Geckos

Spiny-tailed House Gecko Lake-S 5

SCINCIDAE Skinks

Many-lined Sun Skink/ Common

Sun Skink UW3 1

VARANIDAE Monitor lizards

Clouded Monitor UW3 1 Lake-N 1

UW4 1

Water Monitor UW1 1 LE1 1 CW-S 1 UB1 8 Lake-N 2

CW-W 1

EMYDIDAE -American water

turtles

Red-eared Slider Turtle LE1 1 CW-S 1

CW-W 1

TRIONYCHIDAE Soft-shelled

turtles

MALAYAN SOFT-SHELLED

TURTLE UN6 1

Appendix 4:Contd

MAMMALS


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Common Treeshrew Lake-N 1

CERCOPITHECIDAE- Old World

Monkeys

Long-tailed Macaque UW3 1 UN2 6 UE3 4

SCIURIDAE Tree squirrels &

ground squirrels

Plantain Squirrel UW2 1 UN1 1 Lake-N 1

SUIDAE Wild boar

Wild Boar

LE2

1

(Tr)

Appendix 5:Vertebrates photographed from January to March 2013


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Clouded MonitorAppendix 5:Contd


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Wild Boar Track at Upper West

Appendix 5:Contd


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Wild Boar diggings at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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Red-eared Slider Turtle at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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Flat-tailed Gecko at ake-N

Appendix 5:Contd


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Green Crested i!ard at Central Wetland

Appendix 5:Contd


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Water Monitor at Upper BisaAppendix 5:Contd


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S"ooth-coated #tter at ake-$Appendix 5:Contd


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Mala%an Bo& Turtle at Central Wetlands

Appendix 5:Contd


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Banded Bull'rog at Central WetlandsAppendix 5:Contd


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Co""on Sunda Toad at o(er $ast

Appendix 5:Contd


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#riental Garden i!ard at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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Co""on Tree Frog at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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#rnate Narro(-"outhed FrogAppendix 5:Contd


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Cra)-eating Frog at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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Mala%an So't-shelled Turtle* at Upper North

Appendix 5:Contd


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Cra)-eating Frog at Upper $ast

Appendix 5:Contd


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Wild Boar diggings at Upper West

Appendix 5:Contd


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Red-eared Slider Turtle at Upper WestAppendix 5:Contd


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+(ar' Strea" Toad ,uenile at ake-N

report vertebrate

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