Researchers create the first model of the DNA “replication fork”

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Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

Sergio Andrés Correa Hernández3 semester, molecular biologyTeacher: Lina María Martinez

Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana11/08/2014 Medellín

Introduction

• The genetic changes which happen in the DNA are important for the mutation of all the earth organisms, so the study of this molecule is very interesting because it leave us know how the mutations and the captationof new pieces of DNA from the exterior are happening and make us understand how the diseases happen to give the right attention and do the correct treatment to them.

Researchers create the first model of the DNA “replication fork”

• This experiment was made in a test tube where they brought together nucleotides, a double-stranded molecule of DNA and the enzymes essential for the process, taken from yeast, an eukaryotic fungi.

Researchers create the first model of the DNA “replication fork”

The important point of the investigation is that this model can allow the researchers to view directly the process of the replication of the DNA, comparing both chains of the DNA, the leading and the lagging, and identified how is the replication process with two differentsenzymes, one for the leading chain, and other for the lagging chain.

Researchers create the first model of the DNA “replication fork”

• The researches already know how is the replication fork, which the compare with a zipper opening because of the slider and separation process which the DNA suffer.

• Even with this new model, the exact process of passing the information still being a mystery.

Researchers create the first model of the DNA “replication fork”

• The researchers think this model of the DNA replication fork could be the key to unravel some secrets of the DNA as epigenetic and the reparation of the DNA.

• They hope this investigation open opportunities for many laboratories to research about the DNA chains and the process who take place on his replication.

Personal comment

• This investigation looks like is going to change the point of view about the DNA lagging chain replication and the process of the reparation which is made by the DNA polymerase B, but i give special attention to the second process because this could be the answer to the genetic diseases and if the human can remake it better than it is, we can think on the reparation of a 21 chromosome trisomy, or a genetic therapy before have children.

Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

• The base of this experiment is that in the past investigations, all the laboratory leave some particles of non chromosomal DNA out of the research, so, they change the technique to reveal those extrachromosomal DNA and to study them, the organism they use is the Staphylococcus aureus which can cause mortal diseases in the right conditions.

Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

Before the technique was not used because in the process to take the DNA, was natural that the shows become contaminated, to solve this problem, the researchers take a phage tool, the enzymes which phages use to break the cell and free the protein.

This process was made with 24 strains of Staphylococcus aureus taking softly the extrachromosomal DNA and leaving the others DNA components out of the investigation.

Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

• One of the results of the investigation was decodification the phage DNA, where the researchers find a number of genes which may help the phago to go inside the inmunesystem of the host and pass to other staphylococcus making a bacteria so much more dangerous.

Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

• But the implications of this phago genes gobeyond the phatogenicity, for example theresearches find som genes which coulddeterminate the silence of a bacteria goinginside the chromosomal DNA, a show of this isthey find 2 transient elements which easilycan be inside or outside the charomosoma.

Sequencing efeforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power

personal comment• This experiment is important because some

known bacterias are getting powerful with the antibiotic resistance and this research could show how is the mechanism of the phagos to give the resistance to the bacterias and pass to them making all resistant to the antibiotics, and knowing this mechanism could be created medicines to make front of them and end with the antibiotic resistance.

Medical utility

• For this investigation is important know the full replication DNA system to know how act in front of a mutation or know act to prevent the mutations.

Medical utilityEven we can talk now about the function in the war of the biological weapons, weapons who could be controlled knowing his action system and puting a barrier to them creating medicines to prevent mutations or overproduction of some proteins or Neurotransmissor in case of a biological attack.

Medical utility

The medical utility of knowing the mechanisms of bactierial resistenceis passed to the others can make people reproduce a mechanism to stop his «reproduction» of the resistence.

Medical utility

The investigation of the extrachromosomal DNA genes can open a new world of knowledge about how the virus are passed by humans or animals, an that new knowledge could show us more than we are expecting, like a new way for virus for propagation.

References

[http://newswire.rockefeller.eu/2014/06/25/sequencing-efforts-miss-dna-cricial-to-bacterias-disiase-causing-power/] checked on 7/08/2014 at 16:16 “Sequencing efforts miss DNA crucial to bacteria’s disease causing power”

[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/07/140709100106.htm] checked on 07/08/2014 at 16:12. “Researchers create the first model of the DNA ‘replication fork”

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