1

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

-metabolic balance before onset of acidosis-pH = 7.4

-respiratory acidosis-pH = 7.1-breathing is suppressed holding CO2 in body

-body’s compensation-kidneys conserve HCO3

- ions to restore the normal 40:2 ratio-kidneys eliminate H+ ion in acidic urine- therapy required to restore metabolic balance

- lactate solution used in therapy is converted to bicarbonate ions in the liver

40

2

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

- metabolic balance before onset of acidosis- pH = 7.4

H2CO3 HCO3-

1 20:

H2CO3 : Carbonic Acid

HCO3- : Bicarbonate Ion

(Na+) HCO3-

(K+) HCO3-

(Mg++) HCO3-

(Ca++) HCO3-

3

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

-breathing is suppressed holding CO2 in body-pH = 7.1

H2CO3

HCO3-

2 20:

CO2

CO2

CO2

CO2

4

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

BODY’S COMPENSATION-kidneys conserve HCO3

- ions to restore the normal 40:2 ratio (20:1)-kidneys eliminate H+ ion in acidic urine

H2CO3

HCO3-

2 30:

HCO3-

H2CO3

HCO3-

H+

+

acidic urine

5

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS Normal 20:1 ratio is increased

pH of blood is above 7.4

H2CO3 HCO3-

1 20:=7.4

H2CO

3 HCO3

-

0.5 20:= 7.4

6

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

Cause is Hyperventilation Leads to eliminating excessive

amounts of CO2

Increased loss of CO2 from the lungs at a rate faster than it is produced

Decrease in H+

CO2 CO2 CO2CO2

CO2

CO2

CO2

CO2

CO2CO2

CO2CO2