rice-husk generation in nickerie, suriname

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Utilizing an abundantly

available Renewable Biomass

Source -Rice Husk- for

generation of Electric Power in

NickerieMr. Sam Mehairjan M.Sc.

Dep. Director Generation & Transmission

N.V. Energiebedrijven SurinameParamaribo, 15 dec 2007

http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afbeelding:380kV_M.jpg

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Suriname

Utilizing an abundantly available Renewable Biomass Source -Rice Husk-

for generation of Electric Power in Nickerie

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

Utilizing an abundantly available Renewable Biomass Source -Rice Husk- for

generation of Electric Power in Nickerie

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District of Nickerie

- Located in the North-West of Suriname in South America

- Population of approximately 37,000

- Cultivation of rice is the main economic activity

- About 85% of all rice cultivation in Suriname is in the

district of Nickerie

- Other economic activities are bananas, tourism, timber

processing as well as small-scale industrial production

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Rice Cultivation in the

district of Nickerie- Approximately 20.000 ha of land is used for rice

cultivation

- Two crops per year, which makes a total of 40.000 ha.

- Currently about 160.000 tons of rice is harvested

annually; this number should grow in the near future

due to more rice cultivation because of higher world-

market prices.

- 43.000 Tons rice-husk is produced annually; this rice

husk is presently being dumped in the rivers or burned

in open air. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Rice Husk handling

- At present 43000 tons rice husk is produced annually

in the ricemills.

- Rice husk is being considered a waste at the moment

and is dealt with by burning in open air or dumping

in the rivers

- This way of dumping rice husk has been going on for

the past 40 to 50 years polluting the environment

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Burning of rice husk is taking

place in the open air

Notice the residential housing

in the back being polluted!!

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



Rice Husk is burning

Residential houses

CO2 & CH4 gasses

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



EBS will use this great heap of rice husk to

produce electric power

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



Polluted air, NOx, CO2, fly-ash , silicium etc.

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Problems arising from

Rice Husk handling- Air pollution (burning of rice husk in open air).

- People living in the surrounding areas are known to

be suffering from health problems

- Also people are complaining about ash in their

houses

- Environmental problems.

- Methane gas formation when burning rice husk.

- Rivers become very dirty when dumping rice husk.

- Fish dying out in the rivers.

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Solution to Rice Husk

problemsRice Husk has a very big potential to be used as a fuel

for generating electrical energy.

Different ways to do this are by gasification or burning

to create steam.

Most used way is in a furnace to create steam with a

steamturbine connected.

In Nickerie an average of 4 MW can be generated in this

way which will be used for base-load generation.

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Advantages of generating

electricity with Rice Husk

- Less fossil fuels will be used in existing powerstation;

meaning less CO2, SO2 and NOx production.

- Avoidance of methane gas (CH4) produced when

burning rice husk.

- Elimination of rice husk problem in Nickerie

- Generation at a slightly lower cost than HFO (fossil fuel).

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Advantages of generating

electricity with Rice Husk- Reduced network and distribution losses due to closer

location of the plant to the customers.

- Generation costs will be less compared to fossil fuels.

4 MW base load represents a generation of 35 GWh/a.

- More than 60 % of the energy demand of ENIC will be

covered with rice husk.

- In the existing powerstation this represents

8.7 million liters fossil fuel that is replaced by ricehusk.

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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• Rice husk has to be made available for this

proposed biomass powerplant.

• Pollution due to burning and dumping of rice husk

will become minimal or extinct.

• More workplaces will be created in the new

powerplant and in the transport business of rice

husk.

• Waterloo will be back to “life”

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

Other benefits

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Necessities to build generating

station with Rice Husk- A big location should be made available for both the

powerplant and storage of the rice husk.

- The existing laws regarding the handling of rice husk

should be changed or enforced (if already available) to

stop burning and dumping of rice husk.

- To make the project feasible, a firm contract should be

signed with the rice-mill owners to have the rice husk

available at no cost.

- The infrastructure for the transport of rice husk to the

powerplant has to be realised. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Master Flow Chart

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



Example of a furnace in the back

Rice husk Generating plant in India

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



Rice husk furnace

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



Example of Steam turbine with generator coupled to it

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Possible location for

rice-husk generation in Nickerie

The best location to build the new rice-

husk powerplant is at Waterloo due to:

- Central location for the transport

- Close to high concentration of

customers meaning less voltage drops

and less energy losses and delayed

investment in transmission expansionS. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Waterloo

Clara

Powerstation

1 x 33 kV lines

appr. 2 km

2 x 12 kV lines

appr. 1.5 km or

Existing 12 kV line A

S/S

Soekramsinghstraat



S. Mehairjan M.Sc.District Nickerie

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S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

Waterloo Power plant

Nw. Nickerie

Centrale Clara

Subst Soekramsing str



36 KV lines

Projected transmission, substation and powerplant

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One-line diagram

33 kV Connection Waterloo to existing grid

36 kV Bus

Substation

Soekramsinghstraat

36 kV Line

Appr. 2 km

Powerstation

at Waterloo

36 kV Bus

12 kV Bus

C.B.

D.S./E.S.

C.B.D.S./E.S.

G G



S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

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Advantages of location

Waterloo- Waterloo close to existing 12 kV lines

- Waterloo close to “existing” 36 kV substation

- Waterloo close to the cities of Nieuw Nickerie,

Paradise and Henar. These cities have the highest

load less net losses and less voltage drops &

fluctuations

- Waterloo central for transport of Rice Husk

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Technical data

- 43000 Ton rice husk produced annually; enough

for 4000 kW energy production year round.

- 25 ton of steam production per hour.

- Disposal is about 8.000 ton ash a year which can

be used in the cement or iron (steel) industry.

- Daily transport of rice husk; 50 truckloads at 20m3.

- Bulk density rice husk 128 kg/m3.

- Bricketing gives 400 kg/m3

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Technical data

- Rice husk caloric value 3500 kcal/kg.

- Fuel consumption 4500 kg/hr.

- Thermal efficiency 80 %

- Steam temp. 440 OC (824 OC)

- Steam pressure 45 kg/cm2 (660 psi)

- Steam production 25 ton/hr (55 klbs/hr)

- Combustion temp. 850 OC

- Inlet steam flow 16 ton/hr

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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Technical data- Burning value Rice husk 12.6 – 14.2 MJoule/kg

HFO 38 MJoule/kg

- Output 4000 kW

- Speed 1500 rpm

- Alternator 12500 V / 60 Hz

- 1.000 kWh electricity requires 1250 kgs rice husk

- Year generation 8000 hrs x 4000 kW = 32 GWh

- Necessary 32000000 kWh x 1250 kg = 40000 tons

rice husk annually

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



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- In 1985 Wageningen was the pioneer in using rice

husk for power generation.

- In Wageningen a “Combined heat cycle system”

was used, output 500 – 800 kW.

- At Waterloo a “Condensing Turbine” will be used.

First stage only for electrical power. Later stage

also for steam generation for nearby rice mills for

better efficiency.

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.



History of rice husk power

generation in Suriname

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Project cost appr. US$ 15 million

Engineering time 7 months

Execution time 2 years



S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afbeelding:380kV_M.jpg

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EBS Managemant Team

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Thank You !!

Questions??

Mr. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

December 2007

rice-husk generation in nickerie, suriname

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