rigging, signals, power line safety & assembly / disassembly in
TRANSCRIPT
Rigging, Signals, Power Line Safety & Assembly / Disassembly in Construction Safety Standard WAC 296-155
Chuck LemonCrane Safety Manager
Topics to be Covered
Crane Requirements for Const. Activities–Rigging & Signal Person–Part L Changes–Power Line Requirements–Assembly / Disassembly
296-155-Part L Phase 1- Effective January 1, 2010 (Crane Safety Rule)
Crane Certification Operator Certification• Crane Types
Includes: Mobile, Articulating, Tower cranes when used in the construction industry
296-155-Part L Cranes Included (performing construction activities)
• Mobile Cranes Crawler Cranes• Lattice Boom Hydraulic Telescoping Boom• Articulating Rough Terrain Cranes • Tower Cranes Self Erecting Tower Cranes • Derricks Digger Derricks
Exempt (crane certification and operator certification)• Cranes <2000 # capacity Backhoes• Automobile Wreckers Pump Hoists• Forklifts Dedicated Drilling Rig • Permanently installed overhead/bridge cranes
Washington State Crane Rule Phase 2- Effective February 1, 2012
WAC 296-155, Safety Standards for Construction Workers, Part L • As effective as OSHA• Incorporated Latest ASME Requirements for Slings and
Rigging Hardware• 270 pages
296-155 Part L
Crane certification Crane proof load testing-
requirements Crane certifier qualifications and
accreditation Crane Operator qualifications and
certification Signals and Signal person
qualifications Rigging and Rigger qualifications Crane inspection and operational
requirement
Duties of assigned personnel Assembly/disassembly Mobile, Tower, Articulating Overhead
cranes , and Derricks Wire Rope Inspections Power line safety Training Safety devices and Operational aids Personnel lifting requirements Rigging and rigging hardware
Table of Contents (Reader’s Digest Version)
Signal Persons Qualifications 296-155-53302
Signal Person (Required as of Feb 1, 2012) This applies to construction activities which involve cranes,
derricks, and powered industrial trucks which have been configured to hoist and lower by means of a winch or hook
A Qualified Signal Person is required when:– Point of operation is not in full view of operator– View of direction of travel is obstructed– Site specific safety concerns which the operator or
person handling the load determines it necessary– working near energized power lines and a dedicated
spotter is used, this spotter must also be a qualified signal person
Signal Person Qualifications
Qualification Requirements:– Know and understand the type(s) of signals
which will be used– Competent in the application of the type of
signals used– Have a basic understanding of equipment
operation and limitations, crane dynamics, and boom deflection
Signal Person Qualifications
As of February 1st, 2012 Qualification Requirements:
– Verbal or written test – AND practical test
– Documentation from qualified evaluator must be on site
• A Third Party Qualified Evaluator• An Employer Qualified Evaluator
– Employer qualification is not portable
Qualified Rigger (296-155-53306)
What did the Rule say Before?
WAC 296-155-329 Qualified person – Rigging. Qualified person – A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing, or who, by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter. Also has authorization or authority by the nature of their position to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. The person shall be knowledgeable in the requirements of this part.
Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements:
– Know and understand the requirements of applicable ASME standards (such as B30.9,Slings and B30.26, Rigging Hardware)
– Know and understand the type of sling and hitches used including removal criteria for rigging gear
– Be competent in the application of the type of hitches used
Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements:
– Basic understanding of the applicable slings, rigging hardware, winch, below-the-hook lifting devices and their limitations
– Know and understand rigging related conditions, such as load weight estimation, center of gravity, effect of angles on rigging components and basic hand signals, as applicable.
Riggers (cont’d)
Qualification Documents: (July 31, 2012) Changed to: (February 1, 2013)
– Written and Practical test – Documentation from qualified
evaluator must be on site• A Third Party Qualified Evaluator • An Employer Qualified Evaluator
– Employer's qualification is not portable
Qualified Rigger When required:
– During hoisting activities while Assembling or Disassembling a crane or derrick
– Whenever workers are :• Hooking, unhooking, guiding the load or• in the initial connection of a load to a component or
structure and are within the fall zone This applies to all construction material handling activities,
including cranes, derricks, powered industrial trucks, excavators, backhoes , loaders, come-a-longs, chain falls, etc. The Department is looking at developing a separate set of requirements for Material Handling not involving Cranes.
Qualified Riggers and Signal Persons
Qualified Rigger________________________________Date _______________________
Rigging Type: Chain Slings Wire Rope Synthetic Metal Mesh
Rigging Hardware: Shackles Turnbuckles Eye Bolts Wire Rope Clips
Third Party Evaluator __________________________Employer Evaluator ___________________________Evaluator Signature___________________________Evaluator Company____________________________
•The employer must make the documentation for whichever option is used available at the site while the rigger or signal person is employed by the employer.• The documentation must specify each type of rigging and signaling type • The documentation must specify each type of signaling
Sample DocumentationQualified Signal Person__________________________Date _______________________
Signaling Type: Voice Hand Radio Other_______________
Crane Type: Mobile Tower Articulating Overhead
Third Party Evaluator _________________________Employer Evaluator ___________________________Evaluator Signature ___________________________Evaluator Company____________________________
Power Line Safety 296-155-53408
Power Line Safety Requirements If the crane, load, or rigging could get closer than 20/50 feet to an
energized power line there are new safety requirements which apply.
If the crane, load, or rigging can not get closer than 20/50 feet to the power line even if the crane is operated at its maximum working radius, the 20/50-foot requirement is satisfied.
Minimum approach distance:Up to 350kv 20 Feet Over 350KV 50 Feet
Power Line Safety Requirements (Part L before 2/1/2012)
For energized power lines rated at or below 50kV the minimum approach distance shall be 10 ft.
For lines rated over 50 kV., minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet plus 0.4 inch for each 1 kV. over 50 kV., or twice the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet
Power Line Safety Requirements (Table 4)
Minimum Clearance Distances Table
Voltage Minimum clearance distance up to 50 (kV) 10 (feet) over 50 to 200 15 over 200 to 345 20 over 345 to 500 25 over 500 to 750 35 over 750 to 1,000 45
That was easy
Power Line Safety Requirements
Identify the Work Zone Define the work zone by
demarcating boundaries such as flags, or a device such as a range limit device or a range control warning device and prohibiting the operator from operating past those boundaries.
Note Flags
If the crane or load COULD get closer than 20/50 feet of Power Lines in the Work Zone
Crane operations near power lines, use one of 3 Options– Option 1 - Deenergize & Ground
Power lines– Option 2 - Maintain 20/50 foot
clearance – Option 3 - Obtain power line
voltage from Utility Owner/Operator and ensure the crane or rigging does not get closer than the distances listed in Table 4
Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3 require the following: Conduct a planning meeting with crane
operator, & all workers who will be in the area of crane & load
This meeting must address the location of the power lines and the steps that will be implemented to prevent encroachment-electrocution
If tag lines are used they must be nonconductive
Erect elevated warning line, barricade, or line of signs, in view of the operator, equipped with flags or similar high-visibility markings (opt 2 = 20/50 feet; opt 3 = Table 4)
Nonconductive Nonconductive means that, because of the
nature and condition of the materials used, and the conditions of use (including environmental conditions and condition of the material), the object in question has the property of not becoming energized (that is, it has high dielectric properties offering a high resistance to the passage of current under the conditions of use).
Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3 also requires at
least one of the following:• Proximity Alarm *• Dedicated Spotter that is also a
“Qualified Signal Person”• Range Control Warning Device• Range Movement Limiter• Insulating Link *• * Currently, Proximity alarms
and Insulating Links do not meet the National Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) requirements.
Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used, 5 rqmt.
must be met:1. Spotter must be in continuous contact
with operator2. Be equipped with a visual aid to assist
in identifying minimum clearance distance• Examples of visual aid include:
Clearly visible line painted on ground, clearly visible line of stations, line-of-site landmarks (such as a fence post and building corner)
Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used cont.:
3. Be positioned to effectively gauge the clearance distance
4. Where necessary, use equipment that enables spotter to communicate directly with operator, such as radio or telephone
5. Give timely information to the operator so that the required clearance distance can be maintained
29
Could you get within 20 feet of a power line?
YES NO
Option #1 Deenergize & Ground
Encroachment Prevention Measures
Option #3Ask Utility for Voltage and Use Table 4 (with minimum clearance distance)
Option #220-foot Clearance
No Further Action
• Planning Meeting• If Tag Lines are Used, They Must be Nonconductive• Elevated Warning Lines, Barricades, or Line of Signs
PLUS (Choose One):
• Proximity Alarm*, Spotter, Range Control Warning Device, Range Limiter, or Insulating Link*
Operation INSIDE Table 4 ALL of the following MUST be met: (41 items) Notify Crane Safety Program at L&I
– (360) 902-4943 or [email protected] Employer determines it is infeasible to perform
job without breaching minimum approach distances
After consultation with utility owner/operator it is determined infeasible to deenergize & ground power lines or relocate the power lines
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Power Line owner/operator determines the
minimum clearance distance Hold a planning meeting with utility
owner/operator to determine the procedures to be followed in order to prevent electrical contact – procedures must include:– Deactivation of device that automatically
reenergizes circuit in event of power line contact– Employ a dedicated spotter – Spotter must:
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.– Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in
identifying the minimum clearance distance– Be positioned to effectively gauge clearance
distance– Use equipment that enables the dedicated spotter
to communicate directly with the operator– Give timely information to the operator– Dedicated spotter must be a Qualified Signal
Person (see WAC 296-155-53302)
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Have an elevated warning line in view of the
operator with high-visibility flags Use an insulating link* installed at a point
between the end of the load line and the load All employees who may come into contact
with the equipment must wear gloves rated for the voltage involved
Use nonconductive rigging
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Use range limiter (if equipped) that is set to
prevent breaching minimum clearance distance
If tag line is used it must be nonconductive Barricade a perimeter at least 10 feet away
from crane to prevent unauthorized entry Employees must be prohibited from touching
the load line above the insulating link
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Only essential employees are permitted in the
area of the crane and load The crane must be properly grounded Insulating line hose or cover-up must be
installed by the utility owner/operator Procedures are documented and available on-
site The following personnel must meet with the
utility owner/operator to discuss procedures:
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.– Crane user, crane operator, ALL workers that will
be in the area of the crane or load Employer must ensure procedures are
implemented Employer must identify one person who will
direct the implementation of the procedures If a problem occurs implementing the
procedures or it is found that the procedures are inadequate, new procedures must be developed or deenergize power lines
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. All safety devices, operational aids must meet
manufacturer’s procedures for use The employer must train each employee and
crew member assigned to work with the crane as follows:– Procedures to be followed to prevent electrical
contact– Information regarding the danger of electrocution
from the operator simultaneously touching the crane and ground
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.– The importance of the operator remaining inside
the cab except where imminent danger of fire, explosion, or other emergency that necessitates leaving the cab
– The safest means of evacuating from the crane that may be energized
– The danger of potentially energized zone around the crane (step potential)
– The need for crew in the area to avoid approaching or touching the crane or load
Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.– Safe clearance distance from power lines– Power lines are presumed energized unless utility
owner/operator confirms them insulated– The limitations of an insulating link, proximity
alarm, and range control device– The procedures to be followed to properly ground
crane and limitations of grounding
Power Line Safety Crane assembly/disassembly below energized power lines is prohibited.
Crane assembly/disassembly inside Table 4 is prohibited.
Non-Exempt Crane
Crane Exempt52900-53300
ExcavatorW /rigging
Excavator W/O rigging
Forklift W/O attachment
Forklift W hook winch
Crane Certification Yes N/A EXEMPT EXEMPT
Follow 296-863
Follow 296-863
Operator Certification Yes N/A EXEMPT EXEMPT
Follow 296-863
Follow 296-863
**Qualified Rigger **53306
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
When Required
296-155-55600(1)
**Qualified Signal Person **53302
When Required
296-155-53406(1)
When Required
296-155-53406(1)EXEMPT EXEMPT EXEMPT
When Required
296-155-53406(1)
Power Line 296-155 Part L
Applicable Applicable EXEMPT EXEMPT EXEMPT Applicable
Power Line 296-155 Part I
N/A N/A Applicable Applicable Applicable N/A
Power Lines 296-155-Part L or Part I
Operator Certification
Equipment Certification
Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302)
?
Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306)
?
Power Lines 296-155-Part L or Part I
Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302)
?
Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306)
?
Operator Certification
Equipment Certification
863
Responsibilities: Duties of Assigned Personnel Crane Owner: has custodial control of the crane by
virtue of lease or ownership Crane User: arranges the crane’s presence on a
worksite and controls its use there Site Supervisor: exercises supervisory control over
the work site on which a crane is being used and over the work that is being performed on that site
Lift Director: directly oversees the work being performed by a crane and the associated rigging crew
Crane Operator: directly controls the crane’s function
Assembly/Disassembly
Assembly/Disassembly Crane assembly or disassembly must be
controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly (A/D) Director
Must comply with:– Manufacturer procedures,
or– Employer procedures, which must be
developed by a qualified person.
Assembly/Disassembly Preassembly inspection.
– Prior to assembling crane components or attachments the A/D director must visually inspect the components and attachments to ensure:
• Sound physical condition• Meet manufacturer’s recommendations• Functional per manufacturer's recommendations
Documentation of this inspection must remain at the job site while the crane/derrick is in use.
Assembly/Disassembly Procedures – Assembly/Disassembly procedures must address:
• Ways to prevent unintended dangerous movement or collapse of any part of the equipment;
• Adequate support and stability of all parts of the equipment; and
• Positioning employees involved in the assembly/disassembly operation that will minimize their exposure to unintended movement or collapse of the equipment.
– The A/D director must follow any manufacturer prohibitions that apply to the assembly/disassembly operation.
Assembly/Disassembly Director Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by
an Assembly/Disassembly Director.
An assembly/disassembly director is an individual who meets the criteria for both a competent person and a qualified person, or by a competent person who is assisted by one or more qualified persons.
The A/D director must know & understand the applicable assembly/disassembly procedures.
Assembly/Disassembly Director
The A/D director must ensure that the crew members understand all of the following:– Their tasks– The hazards associated with their tasks– The hazardous positions & locations that they need
to avoid
Assembly/Disassembly Director Assembly/Disassembly Director must cover
12 Key Hazards with their crew:1. Adequate site and ground conditions 2. Sufficient blocking for load and stability3. Suitable boom and jib pick points4. Identify center of gravity5. Stability for pin removal6. Consider wind speed and weather
Assembly/Disassembly Director 12 Key Hazards (continued):
7. The suitability of blocking material8. Verification of the loads for assist cranes9. Snagging of cables or components10.Struck by counterweights11.Boom hoist brake failure12.Loss of backwards stability
Personnel Lifting Platforms 296-155-547 20 Pages Personnel Lift Design Personnel Lifting Hoisting Equipment Crane Derrick Requirements Inspections (Platform and Cranes) Lift proof Load Tests Trial Lift Crane Operation Requirements Employer’s Responsibilities Personnel Lift Supervisor’s Responsibilities Lifting Personnel
Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 70 Pages Slings
– Chain– Wire Rope– Metal Mesh– Synthetic Rope Slings, Web Slings, Round Slings
Includes – Design– Maintenance & Repair– Testing– Use
Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Rigging Hardware
– Shackles– Turnbuckles– Eyebolts & Eye Nuts– Swivel Hoist Rings– Wire Rope Clips– Wedge Sockets
Includes – Design– Maintenance & Repair– Testing– Operation
Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Lifting Device by Types
– Structural & Mechanical Lifters– Vacuum Lifters– Lifting Magnets– Grapples
Includes – Design– Maintenance & Repair– Testing– Operation
Questions?
Chuck [email protected]