5500-1

SERIES 5000 : ANCILLARY ROADWORKS

SECTION 5500 : ROAD MARKINGS

CONTENTS

5501 SCOPE5502 MATERIALS5503 WEATHER LIMITATIONS5504 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT FOR PAINTING5505 SURFACE PREPARATION5506 SETTING OUT THE ROAD MARKINGS5507 APPLYING THE PAINT5508 APPLYING THE RETRO-REFLECTIVE BEADS5509 ROADSTUDS5510 TOLERANCES5511 GENERAL5512 FAULTY WORKMANSHIP OR MATERIALS5513 PROTECTION5514 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

5501 SCOPE

This Section covers the permanent marking of the roadsurface with white, red or yellow painted lines or symbolsand the supply and fixing of retro-reflective roadstuds asindicated on the Drawings or as specified by the Engineer.

All road markings shall be of the standard regulatory,warning and guidance markings as detailed on the Drawingsand in accordance with the SATCC Road Traffic SignsManual.

5502 MATERIALS

(a) Paint

(i) Road-marking paint

Road-marking paint shall comply with the requirements ofSABS 731 or equivalent for Type 1, Type 2 or Type 4 asspecified in the Project Specifications. The no-pick-up timeof road marking paint shall comply with the Class 1requirement in SABS 731-1 or equivalent.

The paint shall be delivered at the site in sealed containersbearing the name of the manufacturer and the type of paint.

The viscosity of the paint shall be such that it can be appliedwithout being thinned.

(ii) Retro-reflective road-marking paint

Retro-reflective road-marking paint shall comply with therequirements of Subclause 5502 and CKS 192.

(iii) Plastic road-marking material

Where specified in the Project Specifications, hot-meltplastic road-marking material shall comply with therequirements of BS 3662. The binder shall be plasticisedsynthetic resin and the material shall be reflectorised bymixing in 20% by mass Class A glass beads in accordancewith BS 6088.

(iv) Colour

The colours to be used shall be bright white, red or yellow.

The colour of the yellow and red paint shall be as specifiedin the SATCC Road Traffic Signs Manual.

(v) Skid resistance

The skid resistance of all types of marking material shallcomply with the requirements of SABS 731-1 or equivalent.

(b) Roadstuds

Roadstuds shall comply with the requirements of SABS1442 or equivalent and shall be of the size and typeindicated on the Drawings or specified in the ProjectSpecifications. The Contractor shall, prior to delivery, submitto the Engineer for approval, samples of the type ofroadstuds he proposes to use.

5503 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

Road-marking paint shall not be applied to a damp surfaceor at temperatures lower than 10C, or when, in the opinionof the Engineer, the wind strength is such that it mayadversely affect the painting operations.

5504 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT FOR PAINTING

The equipment shall consist of an apparatus for cleaning thesurfaces, a mechanical road-painting machine and alladditional hand-operated equipment necessary forcompleting the work. The mechanical road-marking machineshall be capable of painting at least two parallel linessimultaneously and shall apply the paint to a uniform filmthickness at the rates of application specified. The machineshall be so designed that it will be capable of painting theroad markings everywhere to a uniform width with sideswithin the tolerances specified, without the paint running orsplashing. The machine shall further be capable of paintinglines of different widths by adjusting the spray jets on themachine or by means of additional equipment attached tothe machine.

Machines which apply the beads by means of gravity onlyshall not be used. The beads shall be sprayed onto the paintlayer by means of a pressure sprayer.

The machine shall be provided with clearly visible amberwarning flashing lights which shall always be in operationwhen the machine is on the road.

5505 SURFACE PREPARATION

Road markings shall be applied to bituminous surfaces onlyafter sufficient time has elapsed to ensure that damage willnot be caused to the painted surface by volatilesevaporating from the surfacing.

Before the paint is applied, the surface shall be clean anddry and completely free from any soil, grease, oil, acid orany other material which will be detrimental to the bondbetween the paint and the surface. The surface where thepaint is to be applied shall be properly cleaned by means ofwatering, brooming or compressed air if required.

5500-2

5506 SETTING OUT THE ROAD MARKINGS

The lines, symbols, figures or marks shall be premarked bymeans of paint spots of the same colour as that of the finallines and marks. These paint spots shall be at such intervalsto ensure that the road markings can be accurately applied,and in no case shall they be more than 1.5 m apart. Spotsof approximately 10 mm in diameter should be sufficient.

The dimensions and positions of road markings shall be asshown on the Drawings or as specified in the appropriatestatutory provisions and the SATCC Road Traffic SignsManual.

After spotting, the positions of the proposed road markingsshall be indicated on the road. These premarkings shall beapproved by the Engineer prior to any painting operationsbeing commenced.

The positions and outlines of special markings shall beproduced on the finished road in chalk and shall beapproved by the Engineer before they are painted. Approvedtemplates may be used on condition that the positioning ofthe marking is approved by the Engineer before painting iscommenced.

The position of roadstuds shall be marked out on the roadand shall be approved by the Engineer before they are fixedin position.

5507 APPLYING THE PAINT

The figures, letters, signs, symbols, broken or unbrokenlines or other marks shall be painted as shown on theDrawings or as directed by the Engineer.

Where the paint is applied by machine, it shall be applied inone layer. Before the road-marking machine is used on thepermanent Works, the satisfactory operation of the machineshall be demonstrated on a suitable site which is not part ofthe permanent Works. Adjustments to the machine shall befollowed by further testing. Only when the machine has beencorrectly adjusted and its use has been approved by theEngineer after testing, may the machine be used on thepermanent work. The operator shall be experienced in theuse of the machine.

After the machine has been satisfactorily adjusted, the rateof application shall be checked and adjusted if necessarybefore application on a large scale is commenced.

Where two lines are required parallel to each other, the linesshall be applied simultaneously by the same machine. Thepaint shall be stirred before application in accordance withthe manufacturer's instructions. Paint shall be appliedwithout the addition of thinners.

Where painting is done by hand, it shall be applied in twolayers, and the second layer shall not be applied before thefirst layer has dried. As most road-marking paint reacts withthe bitumen surface of the road, the paint shall be appliedwith one stroke only of the brush or roller.

Ordinary road-marking paint shall be applied at a nominalrate of 0.42 /m2 or as directed by the Engineer andproprietary brand paints shall be applied at the ratesspecified in the Project Specifications.

Unless otherwise prescribed by the Engineer, the roadmarking shall be completed before a particular section of the

road is opened to traffic. Each layer of paint shall becontinuous over the entire area being painted.

5508 APPLYING THE RETRO-REFLECTIVE BEADS

Where retro-reflective paint is required, the retro-reflectivebeads shall be applied by means of a suitable machine inone continuous operation, immediately after the paint hasbeen applied. The rate of application of the beads shall be0.8 kg/ of paint or such other rate as may be directed by theEngineer.

5509 ROADSTUDS

Roadstuds shall be of the type indicated on the Drawingsand shall be fixed in the positions indicated and approved bythe Engineer.

The roadstuds shall be fixed by means of an approvedepoxy resin in accordance with the manufacturer'sinstructions, subject to such amendments to the method asmay be required by the Engineer. The studs shall beprotected against impact until the adhesive has hardened.Before fixing the roadstuds, the surface shall be thoroughlycleaned as specified in Clause 5505.

Roadstuds must be protected during painting of any linesand application of any surface treatments.

5510 TOLERANCES

Road markings shall be painted to an accuracy within thetolerances given below:

(a) Width

The width of lines and other markings shall not be less thanthe specified width, nor shall it exceed the specified width bymore than 10 mm.

(b) Position

The position of lines, letters, figures, arrows, retro-reflectiveroadstuds and other markings shall not deviate from the trueposition by more than 100 mm in the longitudinal and20 mm in the transverse direction.

(c) Alignment of markings

The alignment of the edges of longitudinal lines shall notdeviate from the true alignment by more than 10 mm in15 m.

(d) Broken lines

The length of segments of broken longitudinal lines shall notdeviate by more than 150 mm from the specified length.

5500-3

5511 GENERAL

The length of segments and the gap between segments inbroken lines shall be as indicated on the Drawings. If theselengths are altered by the Engineer, the ratio of the lengthsof the painted section to the length of the gap betweenpainted sections shall remain the same. Lines shall not bepainted more than 3 months prior to the road being openedto public traffic.

Lines on curves, whether broken or unbroken, shall notconsist of chords but shall follow the correct radius.

Where plastic road-marking material is used, themanufacturer shall produce an approved guarantee asspecified in the Project Specifications. Where specified bythe Engineer, the Contractor shall remove existing paintedmarkings from the road surface by means of sand blastingor other approved method. The use of black paint orchemical paint remover to obliterate existing markings willnot be permitted, except where it is ordered by the Engineeras a temporary measure.

5512 FAULTY WORKMANSHIP OR MATERIALS

If any material which does not comply with the requirementsis delivered to the site, or is used in the Works, or if anywork of an unacceptable quality is carried out, such materialor work shall be removed, replaced or repaired as requiredby the Engineer at the Contractor's own cost. Rejected roadmarkings and paint which has been splashed or drippedonto the pavement, kerbs, structures or other such surfaces,shall be removed by the Contractor at his own cost, in anapproved manner so that the markings or spilt paint will notshow up at all.

5513 PROTECTION

After the paint has been applied, the road markings shall beprotected against damage by traffic or other causes. TheContractor shall be responsible for erecting, placing andremoving all warning boards, flags, cones, barricades andother protective measures which may be necessary in termsof any statutory provisions and/or as may be recommendedin the SATCC Road Traffic Signs Manual.

5514 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

Item Unit

55.01 Road-marking paint:

(a) White lines (brokenor unbroken) (width of lineindicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(b) Yellow lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(c) Red lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(d) White lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(e) Yellow lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(f) Traffic-island markings (any colour) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(g) Kerb markings (any colour) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

The unit of measurement for painting the lines shall be thekilometre of each specified width of line and the quantitypaid for shall be the actual length of line painted inaccordance with the instructions of the Engineer, excludingthe length of gaps in broken lines.

The unit of measurement for painting the lettering, symbolsor traffic-island markings shall be the square metre, and thequantity to be paid for shall be the actual surface area oflettering, symbols or traffic-island markings completed.

The tendered rate per kilometre or per square metre as thecase may be for painting the road markings shall include fullcompensation for procuring and furnishing all material andthe necessary equipment, and for painting, protecting andmaintenance as specified, including the setting-out oflettering, symbols and traffic-island markings, but excludingsetting out and premarking the lines.

Item Unit

55.02 Retro-reflective road-marking paint:

(a) White lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(b) Yellow lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(c) Red lines (brokenor unbroken) (width of lineIndicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(d) White lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(e) Yellow lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(f) Traffic-island markings (any colour) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

The unit of measurement for painting the lines shall be thekilometre of each specified width of line and the quantitypaid for shall be the actual length of line painted inaccordance with the instructions of the Engineer, excludingthe length of gaps in broken lines.

The unit of measurement for painting the lettering, symbolsor traffic-island markings shall be the square metre, and thequantity to be paid for shall be the actual surface area oflettering, symbols or traffic-island markings completed.

The tendered rate per kilometre or per square metre as thecase may be for painting the road markings shall include fullcompensation for procuring and furnishing all material,including the retro-reflective beads, and the necessary

5500-4

equipment, and for painting, protecting and maintenance asspecified, including the setting-out of lettering, symbols andtraffic-island markings, but excluding setting out andpremarking the lines.

Item Unit

55.03 Hot-melt plastic road-marking material (particulars stated):

(a) White lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(b) Yellow lines (broken or unbroken) (width of line indicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(c) Red lines (brokenor unbroken) (width of lineIndicated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

(d) White lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(e) Yellow lettering and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(f) Traffic-island markings (any colour) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

The unit of measurement for painting the lines shall be thekilometre of each specified width of line and the quantitypaid for shall be the actual length of line painted inaccordance with the instructions of the Engineer, excludingthe length of gaps in broken lines.

The unit of measurement for painting the lettering, symbolsor traffic-island markings shall be the square metre, and thequantity to be paid for shall be the actual surface area oflettering, symbols or traffic-island markings completed.

The tendered rate per kilometre or per square metre as thecase may be for painting the road markings shall include fullcompensation for procuring and furnishing all material, andthe necessary equipment, and for painting, protecting andmaintenance as specified, including the setting-out oflettering, symbols and traffic-island markings, but excludingsetting out and premarking the lines.

Item Unit

55.04 Variations in rate of application:

(a) White paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . litre ()

(b) Yellow paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . litre ()

(c) Red paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . litre ()

(d) Retro-reflective beads . . . . . . . . . . . kilogram (kg)

(e) Plastic road-marking paints (specify) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . litre ()

The unit of measurement for variations in the rate ofapplying of the paint and retro-reflective beads shall be thelitre and the kilogram respectively.

Payment for variations shall be made as specified in Clause1213.

Item Unit

55.05 Roadstuds (type stated) . . . . . . . . . number (No)

The unit of measurement for roadstuds shall be the actualnumber of approved roadstuds placed.

The tendered rate shall include full compensation forprocuring and furnishing all the necessary material, labourand equipment, and for fixing and maintenance as specified.Distinction shall be made between various types ofroadstuds.

Item Unit

55.06 Setting out and pre-marking the lines (excluding traffic-island markings, let-tering and symbols) . . . . . . . . . . . kilometre (km)

The unit of measurement for setting out lines shall be thekilometre of lines set out and marked. Where two or threelines are to be painted next to each other, the setting-out oflines shall be measured only once.

The tendered rate shall include full compensation for settingout and premarking the lines as specified, including allmaterials.

Item Unit

55.07 Re-establishing the painting unit at the end of the maintenance period . . . . . . . . lump sum

The tendered lump sum shall include full compensation forthe re-establishment on the site and for later removal of allspecial equipment, personnel, etc, as may be required forrepainting the road markings at the end of the maintenanceperiod. The Contractor will be paid at tender rates forrepainting the road markings.

The re-establishment during the construction period shallnot be paid for specially, and allowance therefor shall bemade by the Contractor in his programme and his rates forpainting.

Item Unit

55.08 Removal of existing,temporary or permanentroad marking by:

(a) Sandblasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

(b) Overpainting as atemporary measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . square metre (m2)

The unit of measurement shall be the square metre of roadmarking removed.

5500-5

Item Unit

55.09 Removal of existingroadstuds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . number (no)

The unit of measurement shall be the actual number ofroadstuds removed.

SATCC RoadsBridges Sep98 222.pdfSATCC RoadsBridges Sep98 223SATCC RoadsBridges Sep98 224SATCC RoadsBridges Sep98 225SATCC RoadsBridges Sep98 226