road to ready · 2017-09-28 · state) shakeout. the great shakeout is an annual drill that schools...

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ROAD TO READyT H E A A A G U I D E T O D I S A S T E R P R E PA R E D N E S S

L E S S O N P L A N F O R S C H O O L S


2 Lesson Plan for Schools

Dear Schools and Teachers,

Thank you for participating in Road to Ready: A Disaster Preparedness Lesson Plan for Schools. This teacher’s guide and accompanying educational resources have been designed to provide a comprehensive approach to presenting disaster preparedness education to your students.

For over 100 years, AAA has been committed to helping communities be prepared and stay safe. Whether it’s through our roadside assistance, child passenger safety initiatives, or our signature AAA School Safety Patrol Program, we care deeply about making a positive impact on the safety of our local communities.

With nearly 60% of Americans saying they’re not prepared for a natural disaster, AAA has taken a concentrated effort in making sure that disaster preparedness is accessible to everyone. Recognizing that preparedness can often be a dreary topic, and something that isn’t a one-time action to complete, we created the Road to Ready. Just like there are many steps to being prepared, there are multiple stops along the Road to Ready:

• Aware: Knowing the types of disasters that are most likely to occur in your community • Actively Aware: Knowing the types of disasters most likely to occur in your community and

how to prepare for them • Equipped: Having a disaster preparedness kit and other preparedness resources • Organized: Having an individual and/or family disaster communications plan • Continually Engaged: Regularly practicing and maintaining the plans and resources, so you

and your family will remember what to do when disaster strikes

This Disaster Preparedness Lesson Plan will guide students through every step of the Road to Ready, providing resources and educational information for the classroom and to take home. By partnering with The Great ShakeOut, we intend for this curriculum to supplement the annual “Drop, Cover, Hold On” earthquake drills, but the material is appropriate for any time of year and can be adapted for your specific classroom needs. We encourage you to share this resource with schools and other teachers who may find it valuable.

Sincerely,

Casey Brennan

Director of Community ImpactAAA Northern California, Nevada & Utah

Casey Brennan



Disaster Preparedness Lesson PlanGrade Levels4th-6th

Required Time70 minutes

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:• Understand their level of risk for experiencing

an earthquake

• Put into practice the Drop, Cover, Hold On drill

• Explain the importance of having a communications plan with their families

• Assemble a disaster preparedness kit with necessary supplies

• Demonstrate their knowledge of what to do during an earthquake in a variety of settings



Engage: The Set-Up

Preparedness StepAware

ResourcesN/A

Time10 minutes

ReferencesN/A

Introduce disaster preparedness lesson topicToday we’re going to be learning all about earthquakes. Many of the things you’ve heard about earthquakes or seen in movies might not actually be true. It’s very important – even life-saving – to know what to do during an earthquake and what you can do to prepare for one before it happens.

Have students pair up and share any personal experiences with earthquakes. Call on students to share their experiences.

Has anyone ever been in an earthquake? Where were you when it happened? Do you remember what it felt like? How long did it last? What did you do during the earthquake? What did you do after the shaking stopped?

Optional: Explain that today’s lesson will be practice for the upcoming Great ShakeOut drill (Adapt as necessary)

In just a few days (insert day of drill), our entire school will be participating in the Great (Your State) ShakeOut. The Great ShakeOut is an annual drill that schools and even businesses take part in all across the country to practice what to do during an earthquake. Today’s lesson will teach you more about why we do what we do during the Great ShakeOut drill, and how important it is to be prepared for an earthquake.



Engage: Pre-Lesson Assessment

Transition to sharing facts about earthquakes. Reference the earthquake diagram showing faults. Include stats about earthquakes in your state.

There’s a lot of misinformation out there about earthquakes. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past each other. The surface where they slip is called the “fault.” Earthquakes will always have “aftershocks” – which are smaller earthquakes that happen after the main shock and can continue for weeks, months, or even years!

(Choose appropriate stat/fact to share, based on your state)Did you know that there are more than 10,000 earthquakes in California every year? Most of them are so small, though, that you can’t even feel them.

Did you know that over the last 150 years, Nevada has ranked third in the United States in the number of large earthquakes, along with California and Alaska?

Did you know that 90% of Utah’s population lives in active earthquake zones?

The northwestern part of Arizona has the most active faults in the state and is at the highest risk for earthquakes, while the county of Yuma has repeatedly felt ground-shaking and even been damaged from quakes that originated in California and Mexico.

Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming is one the more seismically active areas in the United States. In fact, there was one week in 2010 when they had more than 1,200 small earthquakes all in one week.

On average, Montana has 4-5 small earthquakes every day.

Alaska has 50-100 earthquakes daily and accounts for 11% of the world’s earthquakes and over half of all earthquakes in the United States.

Preparedness StepAware

ResourcesEarthquake Diagram p. 17 US Earthquake Map p. 18 Facts or Fantasy Quiz, p. 19 (or Kahoot! interactive version: goo.gl/YDiJGP)

Time20 minutes

Referenceshttps://earthquake.usgs.gov https://www.shakeout.org https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/ megaqk_facts_fantasy.php



Engage: Pre-Lesson Assessment (continued)

Distribute US map with earthquake concentration, and have students pair up to guess how many earthquakes occur in each state in our region

This map of the US shows how active earthquakes are in each state. Using the numbers provided in the bank, try to guess how many earthquakes greater than magnitude 3.0 happen in each state in a year.

Answers:Alaska: 1575Arizona: 10Montana: 19California: 130Nevada: 172Utah: 4Wyoming: 198

Distribute Earthquake Facts or Fantasy (true or false), or set up Kahoot! interactive version: goo.gl/YDiJGP.

Now we’re going to take a short quiz to see how much you already know about earthquakes. For each statement, answer whether you think it is Earthquake Fact or Fantasy.

While students are taking quiz, set up the Drop, Cover, Hold On music video to prepare for the next classroom participation activity.Have students exchange quizzes with a classmate after completing and go over answers. Refer to accompanying handout for more information about each question.




Facts or Fantasy Quiz Answers1. Earthquakes are sudden rolling or shaking events caused by movement under the Earth’s surface.

FACT

An earthquake is the ground shaking caused by a sudden slip on a fault. A fault is a break in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust, along which rocks on either side have moved past each other. These fault systems are the boundaries of the huge plates that make up the Earth’s crust. Stresses in the earth’s outer layer push the sides of the fault together. Stress builds up and the rocks slip suddenly, releasing energy in waves that travel through the Earth’s crust and cause the shaking that we feel during an earthquake.

2. Earthquakes only occur on the West Coast in the United States.

FANTASY

Earthquakes can strike anywhere, but history shows they mostly occur in three large zones of the Earth. The world’s greatest earthquake zone is found along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where about 81 percent of the world’s largest earthquakes occur. That belt extends from Chile, northward along the South American coast through Central America, Mexico, the West Coast of the United States, the southern part of Alaska, through to Japan, the Philippine Islands, New Guinea, the island groups of the Southwest Pacific, and to New Zealand.

3. The ground can open up during an earthquake.

FANTASY

Faults do not gape open during an earthquake. The ground on the two sides of the fault slide past each other, they do not pull apart. If the fault could open, there would be no friction, and without friction, there would be no earthquake!

4. It’s been raining a lot, or very hot. It must be earthquake weather!

FANTASY

Many people believe that earthquakes are more common in certain kinds of weather. In fact, no connection with weather has been found. Earthquakes begin many miles under the ground and are not affected by our weather.

5. Animals can predict earthquakes.

FANTASY

Some people think that changes in behavior, from our pets or wild animals, can help us predict an earthquake is coming. Animals change their behavior for many reasons, and there is no scientific evidence to prove there is a connection between animal behavior and the occurrence of an earthquake.




Facts or Fantasy Quiz Answers6. People can predict earthquakes.

FANTASY

It is not currently possible to predict the timing, location, or strength of a one particular earthquake. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) can and does track the places most likely to have earthquakes. The USGS and other science organizations are working to better understand earthquakes in the hope of eventually being able to predict the size, location and time that an earthquake will happen.

7. You can’t plan ahead for an earthquake.

FANTASY

There are plenty of things you can do right now to prepare, and we’ll be doing these today:

1. Make a plan with your family so you know what to do no matter where they are when an earthquake occurs.

2. Know what to have in a Preparedness Kit, and create one with your family or school

3. Practice earthquake drills with your classmates and family members…

8. During an earthquake you should head for the doorway.

FANTASY

This is outdated advice. In modern homes, doorways are no stronger than any other parts of the house, and usually have doors that will swing and can injure you. The safest thing to do during an earthquake is Drop, Cover, and Hold on.

Drop: Immediately drop onto your hands and knees*, then

Cover: Cover your head with your arms. Clasp your hands around your neck and bend over tightly

If a sturdy desk or table is nearby, keep one arm over your head to crawl under it. If not, remain where you are on your knees with your arms over your head.

Hold on: Stay in this position until the shaking stops.

* If you’re in bed, don’t get out - turn over onto your stomach, place your head under your pillow, and then place your hands over the pillow to make sure it covers your head and neck.

We’ll practice doing this next!



Explore: Classroom Participation

After completing the quiz, transition from the last question about what to do during an earthquake to the music video.Watch on YouTube: r2r.calstate.AAA.com/video Download .mp4: r2r.calstate.AAA.com/downloadExplain that we are now going to watch a video to reinforce the most important preparedness message.

While the act of Drop, Cover, Hold On is so simple, many people forget what to do because they panic during an earthquake. To help us remember, and to learn more about earthquake preparedness, we have a fun and instructional video from AAA.

Play Drop, Cover, Hold On music videoEncourage students to get up out of their seats and sing / move along with the video.After the video ends, have students practice the Drop, Cover, Hold On drill by doing a surprise “earthquake!” cue to prompt the Drop, Cover, Hold On action.

Preparedness StepActively Aware

ResourcesDrop, Cover Hold On Video (links below)Lyrics, p. 20

Time5 minutes

Referencesr2r.calstate.AAA.com/video r2r.calstate.AAA.com/download



Explore: Classroom Instruction

After watching the video and students having a chance to get out of their seats, transition to instructional time focused on the importance of having a plan and knowing what to do before an earthquake occurs.

Now that everyone knows exactly what to do when you feel an earthquake – Drop, Cover, and Hold On! – we’re going to learn more about what you can start doing today to make sure you will be prepared before the next earthquake occurs.

Ask students if they have ever talked about earthquakes with their families. Have students brainstorm ideas on how to make their families more prepared.

How many of you have talked with your families about earthquakes? What kind of things can you and your family do to prepare? Have your parents ever done anything to make sure your home is prepared? Does everyone in your household know what to do during an earthquake? Does everyone know what to do after the shaking stops? Have you talked about where you will meet if you’re not all together or if you have to evacuate?

Explain why it’s important to know what to do during any emergency before it happens – use an example of practicing for a sport so you know what to do during the game.

Being prepared for a natural disaster is like practicing for a sport. The time you put into practice and prepare in advance will help you know exactly how to react during the real thing.

Review the school’s emergency evacuation drill and where they would meet in the event of an earthquake.

Does everyone know what to do if an earthquake happens while we’re at school? If we had to evacuate the classroom, where would we go? (Insert location and any special instructions specific to your school.)

Distribute Family Communication Plan and have students fill out as much of the information as possible. Ask students to take the Communication Plan home and finish completing it with their families.

Everyone should now have a Family Communication Plan. You will need help from your families to fill out all of the information, but try filling in as much of the information now as you can – like names of family members, out-of-town relatives, and where you would meet outside of your home.

Preparedness StepOrganized

ResourcesFamily Communication Plan, p. 21-22

Time10 minutes

ReferencesN/A



Explore: Classroom Engagement

After completing the Communication Plan, transition into talking about how preparedness is not only about knowing what to do, but also about having the supplies you might need in any situation.

Now that we’ve practiced what to do during an earthquake, and what’s important to know and talk about before an earthquake, we’re going to go over some items you should always have stocked in a preparedness kit.

Ask students to name a few items they think are important to have in a preparedness kit. First, what are some things you think are important to have in a kit in case of emergency? How many of you have preparedness kits or supplies for a disaster at home?

Explain that we are now going to play a matching game that involves making pairs between various supplies that belong in a kit. From the front of the classroom, have the Preparedness Kit Flashcards all face down. Rotating turns through each student in the classroom, ask students to call out and flip over one card at a time until a match is made between two like items. Every time a match is made, ask students what that item would be used for and why it’s important to have in their kit.Optional: If you have a preparedness kit, items can be pulled out of the bag to use as a prop while explaining.After all items have been matched, distribute the Preparedness Kit Checklist for students to take home. Encourage students to talk with their families about making preparedness kits for their homes and in their car(s), if they don’t already have them

To help you remember all of the items you should have, you can use this checklist at home to assemble a preparedness kit with your family. Keep in mind that you never know where you will be when an earthquake happens, so it’s important to have a preparedness kit wherever you are: at home, in the classroom, and in your car.

Preparedness StepEquipped

ResourcesPreparedness Kit Flashcards, p. 23-25 Preparedness Kit Checklist, p. 26

Time15 minutes

ReferencesN/A



Evaluate: Learning Assessment

At the end of the lesson, ask students what they learned about earthquake preparedness (optional)

(As time allows) Today we learned a lot about earthquakes. Does anyone want to share something that you learned that you didn’t know before?

As a final test of what the students have learned, distribute the Road to Ready Quiz, or use Kahoot! interactive version: goo.gl/YDiJGP.

As a last chance to test what you’ve learned and even learn something new, we’re going to take a quiz about being on the Road to Ready. This quiz will test your knowledge of what you would do in real situations when an earthquake occurs. Try to put yourself in each scenario and imagine what the safest thing to do would be for each question.

Have students exchange quizzes with a classmate after completing and go over answers.

1

Preparedness StepContinually Engaged

ResourcesRoad to Ready Quiz, p. 27 (or Kahoot! interactive version: goo.gl/YDiJGP)

Time10 minutes

ReferencesN/A



Evaluate: Learning Assessment (continued)

Road to Ready Quiz Answers1. You are sleeping in your home. Your family is also asleep down the hall. In the middle of the night, you feel shaking and wake up to an earthquake that lasts for 45 seconds. What do you do?

A. Drop to the floor, take cover under your bed, protect your head with one arm, and the other arm hold on to the bed.

B. Stay in bed, pull up the sheets, and use your pillow to cover your head and neck.

ANSWER: B

The best thing to do while you’re in bed during an earthquake is to stay in bed. Covering up with your sheets will protect you from any debris, and your pillow will protect your head and neck.

2. The shaking stops. You think you might have heard things fall and some glass shatter. What’s the first thing you do?

A. Put on your shoes, grab your flashlight and begin to assess the situation.

B. Call any friends or family who live nearby to make sure they are safe.

ANSWER: A

During any disaster, as soon as the shaking stops, you want to safely begin to see if there are any dangers and look for other members of your family.

3. You and your family are walking through the house to see if there is any broken glass. You smell smoke, and notice a large fire coming from the kitchen. What do you do?

A. Evacuate immediately.

B. Try to extinguish the fire.

ANSWER: A

The best thing to do is evacuate immediately. Don’t try to fight a large fire. Just get out safely.

4. You leave the house. What should you do next?

A. Go to your designated meeting spot and stay put.

B. Go to your meeting spot and call 9-1-1 to report the fire.

ANSWER: B

Now that everyone is safe away from the fire, it’s time to call 9-1-1 to report it. Keep in mind, phone lines may be down or responders may be very busy.




Road to Ready Quiz Answers5. An adult is driving you to school, when you feel the car begin to tremble. You first think it might be a bumpy patch of road, but when you look ahead, you see buildings and trees shaking. You realize it’s an earthquake! What should the driver do?

A. Pull over as quickly as possible to the shoulder or curb.

B. Slow down significantly, put the hazard lights on and continue driving.

ANSWER: A

The safest thing to do when driving during an earthquake is to pull over to where it’s safe. When pulling over, they should be sure to stay away from utility poles, overhead wires, and overpasses.

6. The driver has pulled over to the side of the road. What’s the first thing you all should do?

A. Get out of the car and find the nearest open space while staying low to the ground.

B. Turn off your car. Lean over below the window, cover your head with your arms, and wait out the shaking.

ANSWER: B

Once you’ve safely pulled over, the best thing to do is stay in the car and wait for the shaking to stop. Once the shaking stops, turn on the radio and listen for emergency broadcast information.

7. Suddenly, a nearby power line collapses on top of the car, leaving some damage. What do you do?

A. Stay in the car and don’t try to exit. Call 9-1-1 and wait for a trained professional to remove the power-line.

B. Exit the vehicle and move a safe distance away.

ANSWER: A

Never exit a vehicle with a collapsed power line on it. Wait for a professional to remove it.

8. The power-line is removed, and adults determine the car is safe to drive. How should they be driving and what should they pay attention to on the road?

A. They should drive quickly so you can get home as soon as possible.

B. They should drive with caution and look out for earthquake related damage. If they feel at any point that it’s unsafe to proceed, they should pull over to the side of the road.

ANSWER: B




Well done! Now, add up all your correct answers to receive your Road to Ready Score!

1 - 2: You are aware of what to do in case of an earthquake.

2 - 4: You know several good tips for earthquake preparedness.

4 - 6: You are very prepared for what to do during and after an earthquake.

6 - 8: You are a preparedness champion!

Remind students that while it’s important to know what to do during a disaster before it happens, it’s also important to regularly put this knowledge into practice.

Remember, being prepared for an earthquake isn’t a one-time event or simply a box you can check. Disaster preparedness is an ongoing way of life and something you should continually put into practice. These tips and lessons are easy to remember and act on in advance, so you won’t have to panic or be caught off-guard when a real earthquake does happen.



S T U D E N T W O R K B O O K



Earthquake Diagram



US Earthquake Map

This map of the US shows how active earthquakes are in each state.

Using the numbers in the answer bank, try to guess how many earthquakes greater than magnitude 3.0 happen in each state in a year and write your answer next to the state.

*Image provided by USGS https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/hazmaps/conterminous/2014/images/HazardMap2014_lg.jpg

Arizona

California

Montana

Nevada

Utah

Wyoming

Alaska

1575

10

19

130

172

4

198



Earthquake Fact or Fantasy Quiz

Are these statements Facts or Fantasy?1. Earthquakes are sudden rolling or shaking events caused by movement under the Earth’s surface.

2. Earthquakes only occur on the West Coast in the United States.

3. The ground can open up during an earthquake.

4. It’s been raining a lot, or very hot--it must be earthquake weather!

5. Animals can predict earthquakes.

6. People can predict earthquakes

7. You can’t plan ahead for an earthquake.

8. During an earthquake you should head for the doorway.

*Quiz provided by USGS https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/megaqk_facts_fantasy.php



Drop, Cover, Hold On Music VideoWatch on YouTube: r2r.calstate.AAA.com/video Download .mp4: r2r.calstate.AAA.com/download

IntroListen up I got something to share,for earthquake safety to be prepared,listen close to the words of this song,and these 3 thingsDrop Cover Hold On

ChorusDrop Cover Hold On x4Drop x4Cover x 3Hold OnDrop Cover Hold On x2

Verse 1Okay drop where you are on your hands knees and stay low,Cover your head and your neck with one arm and hand there you go,Just hold on ‘til the shaking stops don’t panic,Don’t run outside don’t scream don’t push just stay low,If you’re indoors stay away from windows,anything that can fall you never really knowSee a desk or a table use it for shelter,don’t use a doorway that won’t help you,Now let’s stay calm and take a look around,make sure it’s all safe and please no shouting,It’s safety first you can bet,but in case you forget,Drop Cover Hold On

Repeat Chorus

Verse 2Earthquake safety that’s a must,Disaster Prep Kit that’s a plus,That’s right flashlight,water food ok check,Got to have a 3 day supply kit,with a blanket and a first aid kit,Keep one in the classroom one at your home,even got one in the car let’s go,Communication is the plan that’s the goal,talk to your family so you know,where to meet,just in case of an emergency,at school in class,we practice these drills so we know in advance,It’s safety first you can bet,but in case you forget,Drop Cover Hold On

Repeat Chorus



Preparedness Kit Flashcards



Road to Ready QuizCircle the correct answer.1. You are sleeping in your home. Your family is also asleep down the hall. In the middle of the night, you feel shaking and wake up to an earthquake that lasts for 45 seconds. What do you do?A. Drop to the floor, take cover under your bed, protect your head with one arm, and the other arm hold on to the bed.B. Stay in bed, pull up the sheets, and use your pillow to cover your head and neck.

2. The shaking stops. You think you might have heard things fall and some glass shatter. What’s the first thing you do?A. Put on your shoes, grab your flashlight and begin to assess the situation.B. Call any friends or family who live nearby to make sure they are safe.

3. You and your family are walking through the house to see if there is any broken glass. You smell smoke, and notice a large fire coming from the kitchen. What do you do?A. Evacuate immediately.B. Try to extinguish the fire.

4. You leave the house. What should you do next? A. Go to your designated meeting spot and stay put.B. Go to your meeting spot and call 9-1-1 to report the fire.

5. An adult is driving you to school, when you feel the car begin to tremble. You first think it might be a bumpy patch of road, but when you look ahead, you see buildings and trees shaking. You realize it’s an earthquake! What should the driver do?A. Pull over as quickly as possible to the shoulder or curb.B. Slow down significantly, put the hazard lights on and continue driving.

6. The driver has pulled over to the side of the road. What’s the first thing you all should do?A. Get out of the car and find the nearest open space while staying low to the ground.B. Turn off your car. Lean over below the window, cover your head with your arms, and wait out the shaking.

7. Suddenly, a nearby power line collapses on top of the car, leaving some damage. What do you do? A. Stay in the car and don’t try to exit. Call 9-1-1 and wait for a trained professional to remove the power-line.B. Exit the vehicle and move a safe distance away.

8. The power-line is removed, and adults determine the car is safe to drive. How should they be driving and what should they pay attention to on the road?A. They should drive quickly so you can get home as soon as possible.B. They should drive with caution and look out for earthquake related damage. If they feel at any point that it’s unsafe to proceed, they should pull over to the side of the road.

Now, add up all your correct answers to receive your Road to Ready Score!1 - 2: You are aware of what to do in case of an earthquake. 2 - 4: You know several good tips for earthquake preparedness.4 - 6: You are very prepared for what to do during and after an earthquake.6 - 8: You are a preparedness guru!

Want to keep testing your earthquake IQ? Play the Road to Ready game from AAA at r2r.calstate.aaa.com



Resource Appendix

Road to Ready Game

r2r.calstate.aaa.com

Family Communication Plan

r2r.calstate.aaa.com/family-communication-plan/

Preparedness Kit Checklist

r2r.calstate.aaa.com/preparedness-kit-checklist/

Music Video

Watch on YouTuber2r.calstate.AAA.com/video

Downloadr2r.calstate.AAA.com/download

Great ShakeOut Resources for Schools

www.shakeout.org/schools/resources

road to ready · 2017-09-28 · state) shakeout. the great shakeout is an annual drill that schools...

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