robotics and surgery

8/6/2019 Robotics and Surgery

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Robotics and SurgeryRobotics and SurgeryAndrea Blust SefcheckAndrea Blust Sefcheck

Penn State UniversityPenn State University

School of NursingSchool of Nursing

Nursing 457: Nursing InformaticsNursing 457: Nursing Informatics


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ObjectivesObjectives

To inform viewers of the uses of Robotics in Surgery andTo inform viewers of the uses of Robotics in Surgery andthe increasing use of the trendthe increasing use of the trend

To better understand the hardware and software used inTo better understand the hardware and software used inthe DaVinci Surgical Systemthe DaVinci Surgical System

To understand the software and hardware used in theTo understand the software and hardware used in thesurgical system along with the usability of the productsurgical system along with the usability of the product

To understand how the Nurse is involved in roboticTo understand how the Nurse is involved in roboticsurgerysurgery

To inform about the advantages and disadvantagesTo inform about the advantages and disadvantagesTo better understand the Ethical and Legal issuesTo better understand the Ethical and Legal issuesinvolvedinvolved


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RoboticsRobotics

Robots do not actuallyRobots do not actually

replace humans, theyreplace humans, they

improve their ability toimprove their ability to

operate through smalloperate through smallincisions that are beingincisions that are being

mademade

Computer assistedComputer assisted

surgeries are used insurgeries are used in

neurosurgery,neurosurgery,orthopedics, urology, andorthopedics, urology, and

cardiology (Au, 2009)cardiology (Au, 2009)

http://www.core.form-ula.com/2009/03/16/da-vinci-surgical-system /


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Robotics and SurgeryRobotics and Surgery

Computer AssistedComputer Assisted

SurgerySurgery

Image guided surgeryImage guided surgery

Offers a way ofOffers a way of

viewing the differentviewing the different

tissues whiletissues while

performing surgeryperforming surgery

Robotic surgery:Robotic surgery:

Requires a surgicalRequires a surgical

robotrobot

Surgeon may or maySurgeon may or maynot have a direct rolenot have a direct role

(Au, 2009)(Au, 2009)


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Nursing RoleNursing RoleRobotics nurse specialistRobotics nurse specialist

New role created forNew role created for

perioperative to createperioperative to create

positive team and patientpositive team and patient

outcomeoutcome

Nurse trained to makeNurse trained to makeobservations and bringobservations and bring

concerns to the appropriateconcerns to the appropriate

staff member to bestaff member to be

resolvedresolved

Ensures instrument careEnsures instrument care Assists intraoperativelyAssists intraoperatively

(Francis, 2006)(Francis, 2006)


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HardwareHardware

DaVinci Surgical SystemDaVinci Surgical System

Endowrist InstrumentsEndowrist Instruments


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HardwareHardware

Davinci Surgical SystemDavinci Surgical System

Ergonomic surgeonsErgonomic surgeons

consoleconsole

4 Interactive robotic arms4 Interactive robotic arms

High performance visionHigh performance vision

systemsystem

Endowrist InstrumentsEndowrist Instruments

Provide maximumProvide maximum

responsivenessresponsiveness WristWrist--like movementslike movements

UserUser--friendlyfriendly

http://www.core.form-ula.com/2009/03/16/da-vinci-surgical-system/


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SoftwareSoftware

Master/SlaveMaster/Slave

Stereoscopic vision systemStereoscopic vision system

Redundant sensorsRedundant sensors


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SoftwareSoftware

Master/Slave software that providesMaster/Slave software that provides

controlcontrol

Stereoscopic vision displayStereoscopic vision displayRedundant sensors to make the operationRedundant sensors to make the operation

safesafe


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UsabilityUsability

Early and Central focus on userEarly and Central focus on user

Iterative DesignIterative Design

Observations of usersObservations of users


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Advantages and DisadvantagesAdvantages and Disadvantages

(Au, 2009)(Au, 2009)

Source: Table from Howe, RD, Matsuoka, Y. Robotics for Surgery.Annual Review Biomedical Engineering. 1999, 01:213.


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Information SystemInformation System

TelesurgeryTelesurgery

Surgical NavigationSurgical Navigation


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Information SystemInformation System

Review of RoboticReview of Robotic

SurgerySurgery

Type?Type?

Special PurposeSpecial PurposeWho?Who?

Surgeons and OR nursesSurgeons and OR nurses

How?How?

ImagesImages

Mechanical, etc.Mechanical, etc.

What?What?

Robotic surgical systemRobotic surgical system


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Advantages of Robotic SurgeryAdvantages of Robotic Surgery

Shorter RecoveryShorter Recovery

PeriodPeriod

Smaller IncisionsSmaller Incisions

Less InvasiveLess Invasive

Decreased Pain LevelDecreased Pain Level

Post OperativelyPost Operatively

(Chua, 2009)(Chua, 2009)


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Disadvantages of Robotic SurgeryDisadvantages of Robotic Surgery

Robots have poorRobots have poor

judgmentjudgment

Expensive to obtainExpensive to obtain

and also to fixand also to fix

Limited dexterity andLimited dexterity and

hand eye coordinationhand eye coordination

(Au, 2009)(Au, 2009)


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Legal and Ethical IssuesLegal and Ethical Issues

PrivilegesPrivileges

InsuranceInsurance

Physician MovementPhysician Movement

ConfidentialityConfidentiality


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CompetenciesCompetencies

Surgical SystemSurgical System

HardwareHardware

SoftwareSoftware

Patient CarePatient Care


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Informatics Nurse SpecialistInformatics Nurse Specialist

Surgical SystemSurgical System

Patient CarePatient Care


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Robotic SurgeryRobotic Surgery


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robotics and surgery

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