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Teachers’ Notes by Paul Rissmann I love Australia. Every time I visit (for work or for pleasure) I am invigorated by its landscape, stunning coastline and of course, the glorious Aussie sunshine. So what an honour it was to be asked to create new music inspired by this ‘Great Southern Land’. But what a challenge too. I mean, what would music by a Scotsman about Australia actually sound like? And more importantly, where to start? In November 2014 I toured to Sydney with the London Symphony Orchestra. Whilst there, I sought inspiration in the Art Gallery of New South Wales for my new, and as of yet, untitled work. One exhibition that caught my imagination was entitled ‘Our spirit lies in water’. The quote is by the Kuninjku artist Ivan Namirrkki and refers to the inherent relationship Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have to country and to water. As I wandered round the gallery, I was particularly struck by the painting Waipu Rockhole by Tommy Watson. I loved the energy that radiated from his vivid dot painting. The bright colours and snake-like forms immediately suggested music to me. I stood entranced, wondering what this painting might sound like. At that moment I knew my new piece would be about water. Quickly, I started to research Australian art works and poetry about water, and naturally, I was soon overwhelmed by thousands of fabulous pieces. Over the ensuing months, I started to map out a visual storyboard for my music using a series of Australian paintings. Given the time constraints of the commission, I eventually settled on just four images to focus my writing. They are: 1. An Aboriginal rock painting of the Rainbow Serpent 2. Waipu Rockhole, 2004, by Tommy Watson 3. Walls of China, 1945, by Russell Drysdale 4. Australian Beach Pattern, 1940 by Charles Meere

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These four works span an extraordinary journey, beginning in a parched land devoid of water (and therefore human life) and ending up, many millennia later with a celebration of Australia’s world-famous beach culture. I apologise in advance for omitting your favourite Aussie seascape, or failing to even mention the Great Barrier Reef – but the reality is, the commission was for six minutes of music and not an entire symphony! So here is a brief outline of the musical structure I created and a little information to the inspiration behind each section. 1. The Rainbow Serpent When I stumbled upon an Aboriginal rock painting of the rainbow serpent on Wikipedia, I quickly became fascinated by the Dreamtime legend of the colourful snake that brought water (and therefore life) to Australia. The opening of my music aims to depict a vast and thirsty desert landscape. 2. The Rockhole The music suddenly explodes into a highly rhythmic section inspired by Tommy Watson’s Waipu Rockhole. I loved the colour, shape and pattern in his work so my music is also full of cyclical patterns. In this section, the children sing ‘Our spirit lies in water’ which is a quote from the Aboriginal artist Ivan Namirrkki and a reference to the exhibition in which I first discovered Tommy’s painting. 3. Australian Rivers Waipu Rockhole also features several snake-like shapes, so I decided to explore how a river, when seen from above, looks very similar to a snake – and I questioned, is it possible to replicate those shapes in a musical score. The music I ended up writing is fast and furious and zips through the orchestra at high speed. Here the children sing a tongue-twisting song, which was created after an inspirational conversation I had with the virtuoso didgeridoo player Shane Charles. 4. Drought The river music suddenly grinds to a halt and we enter a barren landscape inspired by Russell Drysdale’s painting Walls of China. 5. My Country What follows is a setting I made of the second verse of Dorothea Mackellar’s famous poem My Country. I liked the idea of her vivid words coming after the music for drought. 6. Australian Beach Patterns I tried to capture the confidence and spirit of Charles Meere’s picture Australian Beach Pattern. This section quickly becomes complex and rhythmical but my secret is - all of the rhythms in the music were actually made out of the names of Australian beaches! At the climax of this section the children sing once more ‘Our spirit lies in water’.

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7. Coda H2Oz ends with a sudden rush of water created by the audience. This sea of sound is played throughout the final bars of music. Here the orchestra return to the vast soundscape of the opening, but now with the melody I set to the Mackellar text. The music crescendos to a bright major chord but then suddenly stops - leaving just the audience making their water sound effect. Slowly the water disappears to nothing. Preparing to Perform H2OZ H2Oz was written especially for young people to perform with the full-forces of a professional symphony orchestra. The participation music that your class will learn is an integral part of the score. Over the course of 6 minutes, the children will sing, perform body percussion, rap and create a soundscape of rushing water. As you can see from the notes above, the music divides into clearly defined sections so the easiest way to teach the piece in class is to simply tackle one or two parts at a time. It is of course possible to learn the entire piece in an hour, but I imagine that it will be much more fun to approach the music in bite-sized chunks. All the lyrics you sing will be projected on a big screen above the orchestra in the hall, so there is absolutely no pressure to memorise anything (although from past experience, young people absorb and remember text with the greatest of ease). Digital Resources In addition to this pack, I have also created a series of resources to use in class. There are audio practice tracks (of the entire piece and also of each individual section) a PowerPoint of the lyrics and video of the body percussion section. Musical Manuscript A fully notated participation part can be found at the very back of this pack. If you are music specialist you may find this more useful than my section-by-section teaching guide. However please note, the children need never to worry about counting bars rest in the piece, as I will always cue them at the start of each section. Artwork All the pictures that inspired my music are easily located with a quick search on Google. It would be great if you could have a look at them with the class as you learn the music. I hope you have as much fun learning H2Oz as I had creating it. I look forward to performing it with you very soon. Good luck. Paul Rissmann April 2015

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H2Oz - TEACHING GUIDE Section 1 – The Rainbow Serpent Here is the song we sing at the beginning of the music. I tried to make the melody look as much like a snake as possible! The only tricky part of this simple song is the cross-rhythm at the very of the second line, when you sing ‘water rushed through this land’. Listen carefully to audio extract of this music and try and match the rhythm as closely as possible.

Section 2 – The Rockhole In this section, you perform a body percussion sequence that relates directly to the music played by the percussion section of the orchestra. The rhythmic shape of this music looks like this:

1 2 3 4

1 2 3

1 2 3 4 In the first line, you simply count a steady 1 – 2 – 3 – 4. In the second line, you count to 3, but twice as fast as the first line. The third line is exactly the same speed as the first. Try counting through this sequence. If the chart above looks really complicated, make sure you watch the video I made about this body percussion section. It will explain everything!

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Now that you can count through the sequence, perform the following actions on each beat.

1 2 3 4

RIGHT FOOT

STAMP

2 very fast

THIGH SLAPS

Right-Left

CHEST SLAP

(with right hand)

CLAP

CHEST SLAP RIGHT

CHEST SLAP LEFT

THIGH SLAP RIGHT

LEFT FOOT

STAMP

2 very fast

THIGH SLAPS

Left-Right

CHEST SLAP

(with left hand) CLAP

Don’t worry too much about the instructions to perform left and right, it doesn’t really matter if you do the actions a different way round. TOP TIPS

practice performing the thigh slaps as quickly as possible (without hurting yourself of course) – they are fast.

the 2nd line of the chart flows directly into the 3rd, so it may be useful just to practice the sequence CHEST SLAP, CHEST SLAP, THIGH SLAP, FOOT STAMP as few times on its own.

if any of these actions don’t work for you – feel free to change them. As long as you stick to the original rhythm modifying the movements is absolutely allowed.

Once the class have mastered the body percussion sequence, it is time to learn the structure of Section 2. It is really simple:

BODY PERCUSSION – SING – BODY PERCUSSION – SING – BODY PERCUSSION + CLAP

The body percussion leads directly into a simple phrase that we sing:

Notice how the shape of this phrase is very similar to the beginning of the song in Section 1. At the very end of this Section 2 we have one extra clap to show we are finished.

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Section 3 – Australian Rivers This music feels much faster than the previous section and features a melody that is a bit of a tongue twister. There are four verses to learn, but each of them follow the same melodic and rhythmic shape. Here is the first verse:

The easiest way to learn this song is to start by focusing the words:

The rhythm of this text has a gentle swing to it, so begin by swaying from side to side (I promise this will really help!).

As you move, count 1 2 3 4, from side to side, over and over.

Now try saying the words of the 1st verse as you sway.

Did it work? If not, try again but this time clapping the pulse of the music (instead of swaying) and saying the text below.

Finally, have a listen to the practice track for this section.

When you have mastered the rhythm of the extract, learn the melody at the top of the page. Then, when you have the first verse sorted, learn the three further verses. Although the melodic shape remains the same for each verse, the music shifts through different gears in each verse – so you will sing the same melody four times – but a little lower or a little higher as you move through the verses.

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The good news is, the orchestra will guide you to the correct pitch – so don’t worry about these changes. When sung with the full force of the orchestra behind you, the melody will feel completely natural. Here is the notation of all 4 verses of the song:

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Section 4 – Drought This short section was inspired by Russell Drysdale’s famous depiction of drought Walls of China. Section 4 is purely for listening (and it will also give you a chance to catch your breath!). Section 5 – My Country In my search for possible text to incorporate into H2Oz I discovered Dorothea MacKellar’s magnificent poem. The 2nd verse of My Country seemed like the perfect way to recover from the music about drought. So here is the melody I wrote to go with her words:

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Section 6 – Australian Beach Patterns This is the most rhythmically challenging section of the piece. I tried to compliment Charles Meere’s painting Australian Beach Pattern with a series of rhythms made out of the names of Australian beaches. By joining an alphabetical list of beach names together, I ended up creating a highly irregular and unpredictable section of music. However, as long as you say the names of the beaches one after the other – as a continuous list – you’ll easily navigate through it. Ok, let’s get started. Here is the first pattern of beaches:

ALDINGA, BONDI, COSY CORNER, DIAMOND HEAD.

Say this list, one beach after the other, in the most robotic voice you can muster. Don’t leave a gap between each beach, instead aim for a continuous stream of syllables and words.

To ensure that there are no sneaky gaps in your list, say it once more and this time clap your hands as you say each word or syllable.

Al - DIN - GA - BON - DI CO - SY COR - NER DIA - MOND HEAD

X X X X X X X X X X X X

Now say the list again, but only clap the beginning of each word.

Al DIN GA BON DI CO SY COR NER DIA MOND HEAD

X X X X X X

Now simply say the list again, as rhythmically as possible – but without any claps at all.

Once the children are confident with this first set of beaches, apply the same process to each set below.

ECO, FRANGIPANI, GIBSON STEPS.

HORSESHOE BAY, KITTY MILLER, LUCKY BAY, MERIMBULA.

NIELSEN PARK, PORT NOARLUGA, RAINBOW BAY, SANDY CAPE.

TAMARAMA, TROUSERS, WESTERN RIVER COVE, WINEGLASS BAY (BREATHE) WOLLONGONG.

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Notice in the final set of beaches, I have marked a breath. This is the only place where there is a gap between names. Since Wollongong is our final beach – it has to be the loudest – so grab a quick breath before you say it.

Now perform all 5 lists of beach names, but count to 6 in-between each set.

Then practice this rap with the audio track for Section 6. Hopefully you will hear the orchestra emphasise the rhythmic pattern of all the beaches. Try to make your speech to line up perfectly with the rhythm of the orchestra.

Finally, at the end of this section we sing the line ‘Our spirit lies in water’ again, though since this is the climax of the entire piece – we sing the phrase a little higher than before. If any of the children in your class have a problem reaching the high D, it is absolutely fine for them to sing Bb instead.

8 beats of orchestral music follow this music and then we sing it again. Section 7 – Coda After a huge orchestral explosion, the audience will see a sign on screen to trigger a rush of water through the hall. The entire audience will make the sound of rain by clicking or snapping their fingers very quickly. If there are children who struggle with finger snaps, then tapping two fingers into the palm of your hand is absolutely fine. The rain sound effect continues through the final bars of orchestral music – so you will need to keep making this sound for at least a minute. The orchestra will crescendo and then suddenly stop, but everyone in the audience should continue with their sound effect. It is absolutely essential that the children continue making this sound until they see a signal to gradually fade to nothing. It would be wonderful if you could practice this gentle fade in class, and crucially help the children understand the focus they will need to maintain for this ending to be as powerful as possible. Once the rain stops the children should freeze and remain absolutely still and silent. So that is H2Oz. I really hope you have fun learning it and I look forward to performing it with you very soon. Thank you.

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