romans - steve kilgore
TRANSCRIPT
Romans
The Transforming Power of the Righteousness of God
Introduction
• New Section—Romans 9-11
God’s Plan
Israel’s Role
The connection to the Gospel
Survey of the Old Testament
Introduction
Presuppositions
• God Exists
• God has revealed Himself in the Bible
• Incremental Revelation
Route 66
Incremental Revelation
• 1,500 years
• 66 books
• 40 generations
and over 40 authors
• 3 languages and 3 continents
• 1 message, 1 God, 1 Lord The Bible was written by real people, for real people, containing actual events and reliable truth.
The Message of the Bible
How would you summarize the message of the Bible?
God desires to glorify Himself
by blessing man.
Man’s appropriate response to God
What does Scripture reveal is the appropriate response to God’s
purpose?
Man can experience God’s blessing by
Trusting and Obeying God.
Application
•God has a plan
The plan comes out of His character
•Man has a need
The need comes out of his character
•The Bible provides the story for how God’s plan meets man’s need
For God’s glory
With Christ as the central figure
The Big Picture
God
Cre
ati
on
Fa
ll
Redemption
Co
nsu
mm
ati
on
Dis
tort
ion
Revelation
Adapted from Gary T. Meadors, Decision Making God’s Way
Old Testament Historical
Books
Jeremiah 18:18 The divisions of the Old Testament
Then they said, “Come and let us devise plans against Jeremiah. Surely the law is not going to be lost to the priest, nor the counsel to the sage, nor the divine word to the prophets! Come on and let us strike at him with our tongue, and let us give no heed to any of his words.” NASB
The Structure of the O.T. History (17) Prophets (17) Poetry (5)
Genesis Exodus
Leviticus Numbers
Deuteronomy
Job Psalms
Proverbs Ecclesiastes
Song of Solomon
Isaiah
Jeremiah Lamentations
Ezekiel Daniel
Joshua Judges Ruth
1 & 2 Samuel 1 & 2 Kings
1 & 2 Chronicles Ezra
Nehemiah Esther
Old Testament 39 Books
New Testament 27 Books
Bible 66 Books
Hosea Joel Zephaniah Haggai Amos Zechariah Obadiah Malachi Jonah Micah Nahum Habakkuk
Story Events
Movement
Songs Expressions of Emotion
Mood
Sermons Expectations
Messages
70 Year Exile G
en
esi
s
Exo
du
s
Nu
mb
er
Josh
ua
Jud
ges
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings
Ezra
Ne
he
mia
h
Chronological Order of the Old Testament
70 Year Exile G
en
esi
s
Exo
du
s
Nu
mb
er
Josh
ua
Jud
ges
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings
Ezra
Ne
he
mia
h
Chronological Order of the Old Testament
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
70 Year Exile G
en
esi
s
Exo
du
s
Nu
mb
er
Josh
ua
Jud
ges
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings
Ru
th
Ezra
Ne
he
mia
h
Levi
ticu
s
Deu
tero
nom
y
Esth
er
Chronological Order of the Old Testament
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
70 Year Exile
Malachi
Obadiah
Joel Micah
Nahum
Daniel
Ezekiel
Ge
ne
sis
Exo
du
s
Nu
mb
er
Josh
ua
Jud
ges
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings
Ru
th
Ezra
Haggai
Zechariah
Ne
he
mia
h
Levi
ticu
s
Deu
tero
nom
y
Esth
er
Chronological Order of the Old Testament
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
Jeremiah
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Isaiah
Hosea
Amos
Jonah
70 Year Exile
Malachi
Obadiah
Joel Micah
Nahum
Daniel
Ezekiel
Ge
ne
sis
Exo
du
s
Nu
mb
er
Josh
ua
Jud
ges
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings
Lamentations
Ru
th
Ezra
Haggai
Zechariah
Ne
he
mia
h
Levi
ticu
s
Deu
tero
nom
y
Esth
er
Chronological Order of the Old Testament
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
Jeremiah
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Isaiah
Hosea
Amos
Jonah
Psa
lms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Solomon
Job
The Pentateuch Development of Thought
• Genesis 1–11
Rebellion of creation & plan to bring blessing
• Genesis 12–50
Development of blessing through the choosing of one family
• Exodus 1–18
God reveals His power and sovereignty over nature and history
The Pentateuch Development of Thought
• Exodus 19-Numbers 10
God’s covenant with Israel: how to live and how to worship
• Numbers 11-Deuteronomy 34
Movement from the desert to the promised land with instruction on the way
Brief Summary of the Pentateuch
Book
Genesis Beginnings
Exodus
In Relation to Israel Key Word
Redemption
Deuteronomy
Numbers
Leviticus
Review
Wanderings
Holiness
Election of the nation
Redemption of the nation
Sanctification of the nation
Direction of the nation
Instruction of the nation
The Pentateuch Man’s Appropriate Response to God
Genesis Faith
Exodus Worship & Obedience
Numbers
Obedience
Leviticus Worship
Deuteronomy Love
Genesis What do we learn about God?
• God’s Character—Powerful & Sovereign
• God’s Role—Creator
• Man’s Appropriate Response—Faith
Kingdom and Covenants
New Covenant Jeremiah 31:31-34 Forgiveness of Sin Indwelling Spirit Knowledge of God
Abrahamic Covenant Genesis 15 Literal Eternal Unconditional
Palestinian Covenant Deuteronomy 30:1-8 Unconditional Ownership Permanent Ownership Occupation based on
Obedience
Davidic Covenant 2 Samuel 7:14-16 House Kingdom Throne
Blessing
Mosaic Covenant Exodus 19-24 Conditional Temporary Romans 7:4-7
Galatians 3:19-25
Hebrews 7:12
Added a
longsid
e fo
r a tim
e
Re
pla
ce
d
God’s Chosen People, a People with a Mission
• Abraham’s Call—Genesis 12:1-3 1 Now the Lord said to Abram,
―Go from
your country
and your kindred
and your father’s house to the land that I will show you.
God’s Chosen People, a People with a Mission
• Abraham’s Call—Genesis 12:1-3
2 And I will make of you a great nation,
and I will bless you and make your name great,
so that you will be a blessing.
3 I will bless those who bless you,
and him who dishonors you I will curse,
and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.‖ (ESV)
God’s Chosen People, a People with a Mission
• Abraham’s Call—Genesis 12:1-3
2 And I will make of you a great nation,
and I will bless you and make your name great,
so that you will be a blessing.
3 I will bless those who bless you,
and him who dishonors you I will curse,
and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.‖ (ESV)
• God purpose in selecting Abraham was to
Provide a means of blessing all people
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• Exodus 19:4-6, 8
God offers a unique relationship
Exodus 19:4-6 „You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles‟ wings, and brought you to Myself. 5 „Now then, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; 6 and you shall be to Me a kingdom of
priests and a holy nation.‟ These are the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel.” (NASB95)
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• Exodus 19:4-6, 8
God offers a unique relationship
• God’s purpose to make Israel
treasured possession among all peoples,
for all the earth is mine;
and you shall be to me
a kingdom of priests
and a holy nation.
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• Exodus 19:4-6, 8
God offers a unique relationship
• The People’s Response
Exodus 19:8 All the people answered together and said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do!‖ And Moses brought back the words of the people to the Lord. (NASB95)
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• Exodus 19:4-6, 8
God offers a unique relationship
• The People’s Response
• Deuteronomy 28-29
Blessing for obedience
Consequences for disobedience
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• The offer of the mediatorial role between God’s people and the nations.
• Conditional covenant, notice the ―if.‖
• God is setting up a theocracy—God ruling through people.
Preamble to Israel’s Constitution
• Kingdom of Priests
Responsibility of representing God to the nations
Duties of priests •proclaiming God’s word
• interceding for people
•and making provision for people to find God through atonement
Review
• The Pentateuch―Foundation Covenants
Tabernacle •Life centered around God
The Law •Makes Israel a ―unique‖ nation •Courses and Blessings •―Clean and Unclean‖
Division of the Old Testament Historical Books
Pentateuch Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Theocratic books Joshua, Judges, and Ruth
Monarchial books Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles
Restoration Ezra, Nehemiah, & Esther
1
2
3 4
Old Testament Poetical Books
The Structure of the O.T.
Poetical (5)
Job Psalms
Proverbs Ecclesiastes
Song of Solomon
Songs Expression of Emotion
Mood
Heart response to “The Law”
Poetical Books
•Types of Books
Wisdom Literature
Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and some Psalms
Poetry
Psalms and Song of Solomon
Wisdom Literature
•Features
Advice given from a wise man based on experience and observation
Vertical Wisdom for Horizontal Living
•When reading Proverbs Don’t Rush—Ponder the truth
Poetry
•Features Touch the emotions To assist retention
Poetry
•When reading Psalms Don’t Rush—See the beauty Each Psalm accents one
attribute of God Try to determine the central theme What questions and answers does it give or seek? What does the poem say about man and God? What emotions and imagery does the poet use?
The Praise of a Nation
• Psalm 67
Prayer 1-2
•Refrain 3
–Worldwide Praise of God Blessing will awaken 4
•Refrain 5
Effect of Answer 6-7
The Praise of a Nation Psalm 67
• Prayer 1-2 1 May God be
gracious to us
and bless us
and make his face to shine upon us,
2 that your way may be known on earth,
your saving power among all nations.
The Praise of a Nation Psalm 67
• Prayer 1-2 1 May God be
gracious to us
and bless us
and make his face to shine upon us,
2 that your way may be known on earth,
your saving power among all nations.
The Praise of a Nation Psalm 67
• Refrain 3-4 3 Let the peoples praise you, O God;
let all the peoples praise you!
4 Let the nations be glad and sing for joy,
for you judge the peoples with equity
and guide the nations upon earth.
The Praise of a Nation Psalm 67
• Refrain and Answer 5-7 5 Let the peoples praise you, O God;
let all the peoples praise you!
6 The earth has yielded its increase;
God, our God, shall bless us.
7 God shall bless us;
let all the ends of the earth fear him! (ESV)
The Praise of a Nation Psalm 67
• Refrain and Answer 5-7 5 Let the peoples praise you, O God;
let all the peoples praise you!
6 The earth has yielded its increase;
God, our God, shall bless us.
7 God shall bless us;
let all the ends of the earth fear him! (ESV)
"If a psalm was ever written round the promises to Abraham, that he would be both blessed and made a blessing, it could well have been such as this. The song begins at home, and returns to pause there a moment before the end; but its thought always flies to the distant peoples and to what awaits them when the blessing that has reached 'us' reaches all."
Derek Kidner
Old Testament Prophetical
Books
The Structure of the O.T. Prophets (17)
Isaiah Jeremiah
Lamentations Ezekiel Daniel
Sermons Expectation Messages
The Prophets of “The Law” Hosea Habakkuk
Joel Zephaniah Amos Haggai Obadiah Zechariah Jonah Malachi Micah Nahum
Prophetical Books
• What is a Prophet
A Spokesman for God
Deuteronomy 18:18 „I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. (NASB95)
1. Difference between a priest and a prophet Priests were people's representatives
to God, while prophets were God's representatives to people
2.Prophets’ ministry was both forth-telling and foretelling Preaching Predicting
3. The Prophets’ primary message concerned human sin and God's righteousness Priests were people's representatives to
God, while prophets were God's representatives to people
4.The Prophets’ ministry fits into three major sections of Jewish History The preexilic period The exilic period The postexilic period
The Prophets and the Law
5 Themes of the Prophets
• Warning of sin
• Call for repentance
• Warning of judgment if there is no repentance
• Encouragement for the righteous remnant
• Assurance of the fulfillment of the promises made to Abraham, David, and others.
Division
• Why do we have Major and Minor Prophets? Relative size
Extent of messianic prophecies
• The major prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah {Lamentations}, Ezekiel, Daniel) are longer and speak more about the coming of Christ than the minor prophets
400 Silent Years
Old Testament New Testament
Ends 400 B.C. Time Begins 6-4 B.C
Persian Empire Government Romans Empire
Hebrew & Aramaic Language Greek & Latin
Semitic (Eastern)
Culture Hellenistic (Western)
Fertile Crescent (Mostly East of Palestine)
Geographic Center
Mediterranean (Mostly West of Palestine)
What had the 400 years of silence created?
• When God breaks into history to announce the coming of His Son, Israel in many ways, was a shell of what God intended.
Had their history, rich in God’s actions on their behalf become only a legend?
So often, history becomes legend, and legend become myths. Had that happened to some in Israel?
What had the 400 years of silence created?
• Some were still eagerly waiting their Messiah. But others had institutionalized their religion. No longer (or ever) had they gasped that they were to be a witness of and for God.
Some did understand
Luke 2:27-32 And he came in the Spirit into the temple, and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him according to the custom of the Law, 28 he took him up in his arms and blessed God and said, 29 ―Lord, now you are letting your servant depart in peace, according to your word; 30 for my eyes have seen your salvation 31 that you have prepared in the presence of all peoples, 32 a light for revelation to the Gentiles, and for glory to your people Israel.‖ (ESV)