Roots List #2

Definitions:

Mono-

One

Definition: adj. using or knowing only one

language.

1. Monolingual

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Definition: n. an abnormal fear

of being the only one there; a fear of being alone.

2. Monophobia

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Definition: n. a track for a subway or train cars

that has only one rail

3. Monorail

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Definition: adj. having only

one syllable

4. Monosyllabic

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Definition: n. a speech in which every word has

one tone of voice

5. Monotone

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLQ8kEg8vfc

Definitions:

Poly-

Many

Definition: adj. having or exhibiting a variety

of colors.

6. Polychromatic

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Definition: n. a clinic or hospital that deals

with various diseases.

7. Polyclinic

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Definition: n. a closed plane figure consisting

of three or more straight lines.

8. Polygon

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Definition: n. a machine that writes down

many different changes in the body while a person answers questions; a lie detector test

9. Polygraph

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Definition: adj. having many syllables

10. Polysyllabic

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Verbs are words that show action or state of being.

They also indicate the time that the action or state of being occurs: either present, past, or future.

Verbs

Action in the present: The spider weaves a web. Action in the past: The spider wove a web. Action in the future: The spider will weave a web.

State of being in the present: I am tired. State of being in the past: After my workout, I

became tired. State of being in the future: I will be strong tomorrow.

Verbs

Action Verbs: tell what the subject is doing. Action verbs help bring your writing to life.

Linking Verbs: connect (link) a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate.

Helping Verbs: make a verb more specific.

Irregular Verbs: do not follow the –ed rule. Instead of adding –ed to show past tense, the word might change.

Types of Verbs

An action verb tells what the subject is doing.

The racer zooms down the track.

The runners race at high speeds.

Babies smile when happy.

Action Verbs

Directions: Underline the action verbs in the following sentences:

1. The robber accidentally stole money from his own bank account.

2. Yoda walks with a hobble.3. Glass littered the street after the accident.4. Volcanoes erupt in many parts of the world.5. Teachers teach students.

Action Verbs

A linking verb connects (links) a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate.

Verbs like am, is, are, was, were, seem, feel, and become usually express a state of being. These verbs are called linking verbs.

Linking Verbs

Common Linking Verbs:

Forms of “be”: be, is, are, was, were, am, been, being

Other linking verbs: appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, taste

A linking verb connects (links) a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate.

Billy is sad. Julie was mad. Arthur has been confused. Lupe seems scared. Donny appears old.

Linking Verbs

A linking verb connects (links) a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate. A predicate is the verb without the words that

modify it or complete the thought.

To better explain predicates:

Predicates

Subject (Noun)

Predicate (Verb)Lobsters hide

Modifying phrasefrom predators.

Directions: underline the linking verbs in the following sentences.

1. Some people are always late.2. The boat is blue.3. I am a human.4. The kids were swimming in the pond.5. The child will be an adult some day.

Linking Verbs

A helping verb makes a verb more specific.

Valerie will attempt a luge run. (The helping verb will helps express future tense.)

She may need special clothing. (May helps express possibility.)

The track, which was destroyed, had been built for the 1984 Olympics in Sarajevo. (Had been helps express past perfect tense; also passive

voice.)

Helping Verbs

Directions: Select a helping verb from the following list to complete each sentence in the paragraph below.

would does will could should

I 1. ____ like to ride a luge, but Mom 2. _____ not think

that’s a good idea. Dad thinks that I 3. _____ learn more

about luges first. Are there any luge schools that I 4.

______ attend? I 5. ______ research that on the internet,

and perhaps I 6. ______ find an instructor nearby.

Helping Verbs

Most verbs in the English language are regular. A writer adds –ed to regular verbs to show a past action. A writer can also use has, have, or had with the past participle to make other verb tenses.

Irregular verbs do not follow the –ed rule. Instead of adding –ed to show past tense, the word might change.

Irregular Verbs

Present Past Past Participle

Irregular Verbs

I speak. Yesterday I spoke.

I have spoken.

She runs. Yesterday she ran.

She has run.

Directions: On your own paper, write five sentences using the irregular verbs listed below:

• take• make• has seen

• went

• ride

Directions: list the verbs for the following sentences.1. Tony runs to the park.2. After the game, Johnny ate the rest of his meatloaf. 3. Darth Vader was an antagonist.4. The time is now. 5. He will arrive around three.

Directions: Write about your morning routine using as many action, linking, and helping verbs as possible. When you are finished, have a partner underline and name the type of verbs you used.

Practice