russian civil war army lists ii

8/12/2019 Russian Civil War Army Lists II

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Army Lists for the Pygmy Wars

These lists are intended as a method to select random armies for 19181921 that nonetheless have more than a passing

resemblance to the real thing. They are therefore based on actual, rather than theoretical, organisational structures,where this is possible.

I have aimed to mae the lists fair, but only in the sense that a player has an e!ual chance when selecting an army.

"ecause the system is points based you do get fewer elite troops than you do conscripts, but the lists are notdesigned toprovide armies that are in any sense #balanced$.

%bviously figure availability comes into play, but if you are of the I&have&it&so&I&want&to&use&it school, then perhaps

these lists are not for you. That said, 'udicious #ad'ustment$ of the lists is to be e(pected, provided your opponentagrees. )ote though, that in general the lists are already a bit too generous with respect to support elements because

gamers lie their toys.

%f course, you can merely pic an army using the options rather than rolling the dice, if you prefer.

Table of Contents

Introduction

"asic *ystem................................................................................................................ 2

*tructuring the +esult...................................................................................................

%ptional +ules..............................................................................................................

Reds

-arly *oviet..................................................................................................................

+ed /rmy Infantry....................................................................................................... 0

+ed /rmy avalry....................................................................................................... 8

+ed /rmy 1921........................................................................................................13

+ed Insurgents............................................................................................................12

Whites

Independent ossac 4osts........................................................................................1

ossac Insurgents.....................................................................................................10

5hite %fficers in a 4eroic 6arch /gainst /pparently %verwhelming %dds...........18"attle of -aterinodar................................................................................................ 19

7olunteer /rmy Infantry in the 2nd uban 6arch....................................................23

7olunteer /rmy Infantry ivision 1919 1923........................................................22

aucasian /rmy 1919................................................................................................2

7olunteer /rmy avalry mid&1919 1923............................................................... 20

Iudenich .....................................................................................................................2:

)orth&5estern orps and "ula&"alaavich ............................................................28

omuch...................................................................................................................... 3

olcha Infantry ivision..........................................................................................2

olcha avalry "rigade...........................................................................................

Other

;olish Infantry ivision.............................................................................................

;olish avalry............................................................................................................ 0

uly 1919................................................................. 8


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Basic System

1. /gree which armies you are going to use, which may re!uire deciding some or all ofA

C respective factionsDC theatre Epotentially relevant for the terrain as wellFD

C appro(imate dateD

C type of divisionD andC if at a #shoc$ point or a #bac&water$ area.

A shock army wi t"# to ha$ mor cha"c o% gtti"g &ttr '(aity troo)s a"# mor s())ort* whi a &ack+

watr wi mor o%t" ha$ owr gra# troo)s, -t #os "ot %oow that &ca(s o" army is shock that th

o))ositio" "#s to & too . th rs)cti$ comma"#s may gi$ th ara #i%%r"t )rioritis,

2. /gree the lists to be used, and any deviations from them as written, especially the allocation of support troops.

. etermine the nominal points valueof the armies.

- rcomm"# a sma starti"g )oi"ts &o"(s & gi$" to armis with a sig"i%ica"ty wors o%%icr st, h amo("t

#)"#i"g o" how )"ais# th armis ar i" thir rs)cti$ o%%icr )oos a"# thir mtho#s o% sctio",

. Tae the average of the railway line numbers for the relevant lists and roll 2d0 to see if a railway line will appearon the table.

B. *elect or roll for the asic type, using Table 1 of your army list. /dd one to any roll if the army isdesignated as #shoc$ and deduct one if the army is #bac&water$.

- s(ggst that i" g"ra th o))o""t sho(# k"ow th origi"a &asic ty) o% yo(r army . it wo(# &

("(s(a %or o))osi"g %orcs "ot to k"ow a"ythi"g a&o(t thir o))ositio",

0. +oll for the allocation of your first battalion or regiment using Table 2.

:. +oll for the variation in unit siGe, using Table .

8. +oll for the number of 6=s attached to the battalionHregiment using Table .

9. +oll for support troops using Table B.

13. +oll for heavy support troops, if applicable, using Table 0. )ote that there is no additional roll for any

armoured train any taen will tae the place of the item otherwise selected Egenerally an armoured carF.

11. /dd up the cost of all the units selected so far.

12. +epeat this process of selecting battalionsHregiments and support units until the total is within 03 points of thenominal points value.


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Structuring the Result

%n the whole the aim of the lists is to provide units in the regimental siGed chuns as liely to be actually commanded

by a olonel or om;ola Eor in battalion siGed chuns if this is closer to +ed /ctions scaleF, allowing for the fact thatmost ;ygmy 5ars units were understrength andHor had units detached.

4owever some lists can provide results that are better understood by a restructuring, particularly in support elements.?or e(ample, if a ;olish Infantry division gets a large number of cavalry s!uadrons attached, then those s!uadrons will

in practise all belong to an separate regiment, which can choose to operate as such. /rtillery selected at the same time asa battalion is unliely to be commanded by the battalionMs officer, though it might be attached to the infantry at a higher

level. @iewise any armour appearing will not actually be attached to the unit it happens to have been selected with, andits command chain will be !uite different.

5hile it is !uite legal in# Actio"s to split a company during a battle, it is recommended that large companies not bebroen into smaller ones &%orthe action starts. This is because most armies of the period suffered badly from lac of

trained officers and could not 'ust go round dividing units at will. EThe 5hite armies did not suffer as badly for lac of

officers, but do not get large units in the first place.F

@iewise units should not be divided up and split across other units, e.g. four units of three bases should not bereformed into three units of four bases, as real armies tae their Tables of %rganisation seriously. -ven in irregular

armies the commanders were generally not free to distribute men as they lied Egenerally as units represented individualvillagesF. In any case, small units in regular armies generally represent ones temporarily short&handed Eat least in

theoryF and would e(pect to receive reinforcements later.

That said, two smaller units may be merged into larger ones, as this merely represents one unit being attached to anotheron a temporary basis without any formal change of structure. This particularly applies to the many instances where

#half&batteries$ are selected. /lthough it was common enough historically for artillery to act in 2 gun sections, theywould normally start as batteries of two sections.

In armies where the separate units were under tight control from above, for e(ample the +ed /rmy and "altic

)ationalists, it is reasonable to spread out machine&guns or artillery support more evenly. 4owever many armies wereeffectively independent regiments, merely brigaded together operationally, who guarded their material 'ealously, e.g.

-arly *oviets and ;olish avalry. This is not a regular vs irregular matter 6ahno had good control of his units, butthe 7olunteer /rmy really struggled to get regiments to cough up surplus items ac!uired by capture.

Optional RulesC If under 33 points I recommend that artillery need only be purchased in single bases, even if a full battery is

selected, in order to prevent their cost overwhelming a small army.

C /t any scale the cost of heavy support can be prohibitive, so I recommend that it is never compulsory to taee(pensive items such as planes and armoured trains.

C If players are playing 33 points or more and desire less predictability, then they can tae their chosen pointscosts and modify themA

d0 N 1 deduct 13O2 deduct BO

, no changeB add BO

0 add 13O

The lists already have enough variation inherent for smaller amies.

C ?or scenarios not based on fi(ed positions, I personally tend to restrict the ammunition supply of field artillery togenerally to around 8 #rounds$, sometimes with a chance of resupply. /s well as being realistic, this prevents

lots of speculative long&range shooting and e(cessively defensive postures based around unlimited supplies.

This does mean that the relative value of artillery is lowered though, and the ammunition supply should befactored into any points costs.

C /rmoured trains did steam into action in the front lines, but given their cost and vulnerability they generally onlyremained at the bac of a battle as artillery support. To replicate this, players might lie to consider using an

armoured train selected as off&table heavy artillery only. If suitable for the scenario, an on&table spotter with

telephone line can be added. ost would then be the same as a heavy howitGer base, plus a bit for any spotter and

the added fle(ibility and unlimited ammunition supply.

Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006


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!arly Soviet

Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 13, or 8 if in the early 1918 #railway war$ phase

Table 1A 2d0 N 1 +ed =uard or +ed ;artisan P Hbase

basic type 2


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"roop "ypes

TheRed Guards, properly speaing, were militia units organised around a factory or neighbourhood, many dating bacprior to the "olshevi tae&over. /lthough !uite effective enough when defending their home towns, they were

reluctant and inefficient troops in more regular combat. iscipline was often poor, especially when it came to obeyingorders from higher command, and many had little or no combat e(perience. ?ortunately for the "olshevis they were

not a large portion of their field armies, even in the early days propaganda to the contrary notwithstanding.

There were alsoRed Partisans, who were often pressed willy&nilly into units. This was particularly true of the early1919 invasion of the


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?or the +ed defenders of ahovaA mae one heavy support roll for each 233 points or part thereof andmae the armoured car a =arford on a roll of .

o not mae any rolls on this table if representing any combat west of the mo#r";olish border.

Table :A owngrade or upgrade a company one step on Table 1, trying to eep the unit as homogeneous as

possible e.g. if you have a unit of one 7eteran and two +egular companies, then it would be downgradedto +egular companies Eand not one 7eteran, one +egular, and one


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Red Army #avalry

Flee @ 40%! or @ "0% if #onnar$iya or #av#or +ailway line on 2d0 N 12

Table 1A

basic typed0 N S Independent "rigades avalry ivision onnarmiya ivision

1, 2 "etter +egular +ed ossac +egular or ossac

, , B +egular +egular "etter +egular 0 -lite "etter +egular -lite

P 13 Hbase for +egular and ossac P 12 Hbase for "etter +egulars P 1 Hbase for -lite

Table 2A d0 N 1 2 s!uadronsregiment allocation 2, , , B s!uadrons

0 s!uadrons

Table A d0 N 1 bases per s!uadronunit siGe variation 2, , , B bases per s!uadron

0 B bases per s!uadroneduct 1 if a s!uadron regiment

Table A d0 N 1 3 tachanas

regiment 6=s 2, , 1 tachana P 20 HbaseQB, 0 2 tachanas P 20 HbaseQ

%nly for units on the *outhern or 5estern fronts QP 2 Hbase if ossac

Table BA d0 N 1, 2, )one

artillery support , B, 0 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 03 Hbase/dd 1 if an independent brigade or -lite basic type

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, , )oneinfantry support B +oll for a regiment from the +ed Infantry list

0 ;layer may choose to roll for a regiment from the +ed Infantry list)"A onnarmiya do not have to roll on this table

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, , )one

heavy support units B ;lane P 83 EfighterF0 d0 N 0 =arford armoured car P 83

else /ustin armoured car P B3/n armoured train may be taen on a 0 if there is a rail line P 183

This table only applies to armies in +ussia in 1923

Table :A


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%n the southern and western fronts at least, +ed avalry generally operated independently of the infantry. "udUnny, fore(ample, used the infantry divisions of the 1st4orse /rmy EonnarmiyaF almost e(clusively for rear area support and

holding unimportant sectors. Thus, the infantry present in the list represent those on the battlefield by accident as muchas it is for those there by design.

It was difficult, if not impossible, for armoured cars and trains to accompany the cavalry units in the mobile warfare that

characterised the +ussian ivil 5ar and *oviet&;olish 5ar. I would e(pect armour to be present only in situations

where the cavalry were operating at a fi(ed point for a decent length of time. EThere are tales of armour and aviation

accompanying the 1st4orse /rmy, but little evidence that they were used with the cavalry.F

The 1st4orse /rmy option wors on the basis that only the *pecial "rigade was truly elite, the remainder being mostlybetter than average. The chance of normal +egular units recognises that sometimes ordinary divisions were drafted into

the line&up Eand can hardly have become better overnightF. The ossac units are to represent the periods of !uite poormorale, especially during the ;olish campaign and many of the men were, in fact, ossacs.

The scale is one base N 3 to B3 men.

"roop "ypes

The cavalry appears to have been the elite of the +ed /rmy and therefore even theRegularshave !uite reasonable

morale. )evertheless, I believe that they do not 'ustify being #formed$.

etter Regulars are 'ust thatA use the +ed International *!uadron card, though this need not imply that they are

#Internationals$.?or the &lite I use the onarmy card. This applies to any particularly good cavalry, but particularly "udUnnyMs

#*pecial$ "rigade.

TheRed Cossac'card reflects the ossacs high sill, but wavering morale when fighting for the *oviets.

I give the +ed 4orseArtilleryhas slightly downgraded fire&power, for the same reasons as the infantry guns. 4oweverit has significantly better morale than standard +ed /rtillery, to reflect the higher status of the cavalry.

I am uncertain in Rlite cavalry had Rlite !uality (ac)an'asor if they should use the same values as ordinary cavalry.

The points costs assume +ed ossac tachanas have slightly lower morale, to match the ossacs sabre units.

Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 9


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Red Army $%&$'

Flee @ "0% +ailway line on 2d0 N 13

Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 onscript infantry P Hbasebasic type , +egular infantry P 0 Hbase

B 7eteran infantry P 8 Hbase0 -lite infantry P13 Hbase

/dd 1 if a flying column against rural rebelsD add 2 at ronstadtD deduct 1 if local forces only

Table 2A companies, all of the basic typebattalion allocation

Table A d0 N 1, 2 bases per company

unit siGe variation , B bases per companyB, 0 0 bases per company

Table A d0 N 1, 2, 1 base P 10 HbaseQ

battalion 6=s , , B, 0 2 bases P 10 HbaseQQ P 18 Hbase if upgraded to 7eteran

Table BA d0 N 1, 2 4alf&battery of 1 field gun base P B3 Hbase

support troopsA , "attery of 2 field gun bases P B3 HbaseB *!uadron of cavalry see table below

0 ;layerMs choice of above

If a cavalry unit is selected in Table B, determine its siGe on the following tableAd0 N 1, 2 bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase

, bases of +egular cavalry P 13 HbaseB, 0 B bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2 ;lane P 83 EfighterFheavy support , "attery of 2 heavy howitGer bases P :3 Hbase

B, 0 d0 N 0 =arford armoured car P 83

else /ustin armoured car P B3/n armoured train may be taen on a , B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A ?lying columns may add a cavalry regiment

later battalions %therwise select another of the same basic type as before, or roll randomly

Table 8A ?ive bases of +egular cavalry, if none yet selected P 13 Hbaselast unit %therwise a plane, heavy howitGer or /ustin armoured car as per Table 0

Table 1A #?lying column$ replaces #shoc$ and #local forces is #bac&water$.

Table :A The cavalry regiment can be selected from the #Independent "rigades$ column of the +ed /rmy avalrylist.

Table 8A


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chance of good !uality cavalry.

The various invasions of the aucasus were so one&sided that the opportunities for gaming the actions seem limited.

"roop "ypes

5ith the crises of 1923 dealt with, the regular army could now be trained and purged of the less reliable elements.4owever it proved itself to be unreliable when dealing with internal enemies because the soldiers tended to sympathise

rather too much with the rebels. *ome troops called in to attac ronstadt mutinied Eand those were units thought to be

particularly reliableF and there was a definite tendency for line infantry to act passively and let =reen units pass byEwhich is one reason 6ahno survived so longF.

The Conscripttroops are therefore representing trained troops who are unwilling to ris their necs, not conscripts assuch. EThey would be regulars if the war with ;oland had broen out again, for e(ample.F

TheRegularand Veteranclass are regular units of greater reliability. /pparently it was common to employ *iberian

troops in the campaigns to crush the


12/55

Red Insurgents

Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 13

Table 1Abasic type

2d0 N S Insurgents =rigoriev

2 -lite 1 6= base +egular ?ield =uns

?ield =uns +egular avalry

6=s 6=s

B +egular Infantry 2 6= bases +egular Infantry 2 6= bases

0 +ed onscripts +ed ;artisans

:


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Terribly @ong istances /cross 5hiteguard Territory to *afety$. These differ from the 5hite %fficer e!uivalents inthat the opposition were not as numerous but often had massive advantages in mobility provided by their cavalry, but

the basic theme is the same.

@ess gloriously it also covers when *oviet troops mutinied to set up independent *oviets Esometimes fighting alongsidelocal greensF.

"roop "ypes

If representing cut off +ed /rmy, then the troop types are the standard ones 'ust that their formal structure has startedto fall apart. The elite can use the +ed @atvians card to represent whatever you fancy by way of more e(periencedtroops.

=rigorievMs army was unusual in the scale of mi(ing both regular and irregular units under one command, which is why

it has a separate column. 4e captured !uite a lot of =erman 55I stocs, so his partisan units were !uite well e!uipped.4e also fielded numerous armoured trains and apparently co&opted a +ed *ailor unit as well.

If representing a +ed /rmy unit co&operating with irregulars, then some or all of the following changes can be made,

depending on the relative proportions desiredA+ed onscripts W +ed ;artisans or /taman Irregulars


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15/55

1919, although formally part of the /?*+ at that time.

6orale in the hosts fluctuated wildly throughout the civil war and not necessarily in tune with the main 5hite armiesor each other. /t any moment there was liely to be one or other ossac group suling, but the times of +ed successes

were obviously the worst.

The ossac armies had a thorough mi( of infantry and cavalry units, though generally a ma'ority were mounted, andthis list attempts to replicate the random nature of what was liely to be available. %nly the on, from time to time,

fielded large forces and could therefore tae care to properly divide infantry and cavalry into separate divisions andarmies. 6oreover, a great deal of ossac #infantry$ considered themselves as cavalry temporarily without horses

Eindeed, fluctuating between the twoF. *ometimes a cavalry division might have units said to be cavalry, but actuallyfighting at that point as infantry as a result of horse shortages.

6any units were tiny hence the one #s!uadron$ regiments of horse and the use of #battalion$ rather than company for

the infantry. *ome #divisions$ came to less than 1,333 men.

The independent ossac units were not as well supplied as the regular 5hites, even after they had been folded into the/?*+. The on 4ost was easily the best supplied with support weapons.

/ note on terminologyAHorswas used at the time to indicate mi(ed cavalry and infantry units.Pastoo"by now means

'ust any ossac infantry, not its original sense of scout.


"roop "ypes

*ee the appendi( for a fuller discussion of the ossac cards.

%n the whole thePlastoonswerenMt very good as they laced officers, e!uipment and spirit. I suggest using the #4ost$;lastoon card for the normal units, downgrading to onscript ;lastoons when dispirited. /lternatively, one can use the

higher ;lastoon card for the base units and a lower one for dispirited units.

Gscan use the specific ;lastoon 6= card. There is no need to reduce it further when dispirited Esince the change to#mob$ and a lower rally number of the ;lastoons when downgraded does not have flow&over affects onto its valuesF.

?or the Cossac' Cavalry I suggest using the #4ost$ card as the norm, and the lower alternative when dispirited.

/lternatively, one can use the lower card as a base and the +ed ossacs card when morale falls Esince this card doesactually represent ossacs with lowered morale and lacing officersF.

?or (ac)an'asI have assumed that players would use the specific 5hite ossac tachana card. There seems to belittle gained by using a different card when dispirited, but a &1 to rally could be applied.

I believe !uite a lot of the #ossac$Artillerywas actually not particularly ossac, so I have assumed it remains at

full morale value all the time and suggest the normal 5hite artillery cards.

Sierian #ossac( )osts

The ossacs to the east also formed anti&"olshevi armies, though not always operating in con'unction with the main5hite armies the %renburg 4ost under /taman utov formed an important part of olchaMs army, but the Trans&

"aial 4ost under /taman *emenov was very much a thorn in the /dmiralMs side.

In the absence of more specific lists, the southern ossac one can be used, e(cept thatA

the chance of a railway line depends on the 4ost in !uestion, though most fighting was generally along thebasic direction of a line

all tachanas should be omitted

the heavy support table, which should be used sparingly, should readA

Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, )oneheavy support units Improvised armoured car, counting as ?ord P 3

B, 0 /n armoured train, if there is a rail line P 183

Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1B


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#ossac( Insurgents

Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 13 E8 during the #railway war$ of early 1918F

Table 1Abasic type

2d0 N S 191: 1918 @ater

2 6=s 6=s

4orse or ?ield =uns 4orse or ?ield =uns

6=s 6=s

B ;lastoons ;lastoons

0 ;lastoons ;lastoons

: avalry avalry8 avalry avalry

9 %fficer Infantry avalry

13 %fficer Infantry Tachanas

11 %fficer avalry Tachanas

12 4eavy support 4eavy support

#-nthusiastic$ values #ispirited$ alternativesP B Hbase for ;lastoons P Hbase for onscript ;lastoons

P 10 Hbase for ;lastoon 6=s

P 1 Hbase for ossac cavalry P 12 Hbase for ossac cavalry

P 2 Hbase for ossac TachanasP BB EB3F Hbase for ossac ?ield =uns

P 0B E03F Hbase for ossac 4orse =uns

1918 #railway war$ additionsP 13 Hbase for %fficer Infantry

P 23 Hbase for %fficer 6=sP 1 Hbase for %fficer avalry

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 units of infantry or cavalry

unit siGe variation , units of infantry, 2 units of cavalryB, 0 units of infantry or cavalry

#%fficer$ units do not roll on the table, but come in single units only

Tables , V BAbases per unit

d0 N S infantry cavalry guns Tachanas 6=sQ1, 2 1 2 2

1 2 2

, B 2

0 B B 2

Q


17/55

/rmy, and /ndrei *huro was to lead another in the *tavropol area soon afterwards. / similar on force under =eneral;opov ept itself in being only by avoiding populated areas Ethe #*teppe 6arch$F. There was no similar /strahan

group that I am aware of.

The on then saw a very large 5hite uprising in /pril 1918, after which a proper 4ost army was organised. In /pril1919 there was another large anti&"olshevi insurgent group in the


18/55

White Officers in a )eroic *arch Against Apparently Over+helming Odds

Flee @ *00% +ailway line on 2d0 N 12

Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 7eteran Infantry P 8 Hbasebasic type , , B %fficer Infantry P 13 Hbase

0 adets if 1918, otherwise 7eteran Infantry P 13 or 8 Hbase

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 1 battalionunit allocation , , B, 0 2 battalions

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per battalion

unit siGe variation , B bases per battalion0 B bases per battalion

Table A d0 N 1, 2 )oneregiment 6=s , , B 1 6= base P 18 Hbase for 7eteran

0 2 6= bases P 23 Hbase for %fficer

Table BA d0 N 1, 2, , )one

artillery supportA B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2 )one

cavalry support , base ossac s!uadron, if appropriate P 1 HbaseB base %fficer s!uadron P 1 Hbase

0 base %fficer s!uadron P 1 Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, , , B )oneheavy support units 0 /ustin armoured car P B3

Table :A +oll randomly each time

later units

Table 8A )ot re!uiredlast unit

Table BA The ossac cavalry will only apply if the action crosses ossac lands.

This list is to represent small bodies of 5hite officers attempting to reach safety andHor other 5hite groups somedistance away. The actual groups represented were so small that they can be easily replicated in whole this list is for

generic games only. =enerally the scenario should re!uire a couple of hundred points of 5hites to cross the table orcapture a village for the night, not to defeat the enemy)r s. The enemy should be numerous, but not co&ordinated, nor

necessarily on the table at the start.

The early 7olunteer /rmy #Ice 6arch$ is the most famous such march, but there were others, especially very early inthe warA we now that roGdovsy marched across the


19/55

Battle of !(aterinodar

1stInfantry "rigade E=eneral 6arovF

omposite %fficer +egiment companies of B bases eachD 6= bases

1stuban +ifle +egiment battalions, each three companies of basesD 6= base1st-ngineer ompany bases

1stand th*eparate /rtillery "atteries 1 or 2 gun bases each

2ndInfantry "rigade E=eneral "ogaevsiF

ornilov *hoc +egiment battalions, each three companies of bases eachD 6= bases;artisan +egiment companies of basesD 2 6= bases

;lastun ossac "attalion three companies of bases eachD 6= bases2nd-ngineer ompany bases

2nd, rdand Bth*eparate /rtillery "atteries 1 or 2 gun bases each

4orse "rigade E=eneral -rdeliF

1stavalry +egiment s!uadrons of bases each

uban +egiment 0 s!uadrons of bases eachTcheress +egiment 2 s!uadrons of bases each

4orse "attery 2 gun bases

Gecho&*lova -ngineer "attalion B bases

This is the army at the "attle of -aterinodar, 13&1 6arch 1918, and was formed on the basis of the merger of the 7/units which set out from +ostov and a small uban army. This battle was a bloody repulse for the 7olunteer /rmy,

which also lost its commander, =eneral ornilov.

/ table would normally only hold one brigadeMs worth, but the cavalry did operate with the infantry.

*iGes are all estimates.

"roop "ypes

The +fficer Regi$entcan be %fficer or, more usefully, oloured Eit was the basis of the 6arovsy +egimentF.

The#ornilov Regi$entis obviously oloured.ThePartisan Regi$entcan be adet if you use that card, since it was mostly composed of young men. %therwise

oloured Eit was to go on to be the /le(seevsy +egimentF.

The #u,an Rifle Regi$entwas mostly officer, but =eneral eniin notes that the army contained #raw, almostuntrained uban ossacs$ who didnMt perform so well and this unit contained most of those newly recruited uban

elements. ;erhaps one company in each battalion should be #4ost$ ;lastoon and the rest %fficer.

ThePlastun Cossac' attalioncan be #4ost$ ;lastoons, on the basis that eniinMs comments cover them.

The Cavalryshould all be the highest morale %fficer or #4ost$ ossac.

The C-ec)scan use the Gech Infantry card.



20/55

-olunteer Army Infantry in the &nd.uan *arch


Table 1 InfantryA

basic typed0 N S *ummer and /utumn 1918 5inter 19181919

1, 2 7eteran 7olunteer

, oloured 7eteranB, 0 oloured oloured

P : Hbase for 7olunteer

P 8 Hbase for 7eteranP 13 Hbase for oloured or %fficer

%+

Table 1 avalryAbasic type

d0 N S *ummer and /utumn 1918 5inter 19181919

1, 2 ossac +egular

, , B ossac ossac

0 %fficer %fficer

P 12 Hbase for +egular

P 1 Hbase for ossac or %fficer

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalion or s!uadron regiment

regiment allocation , , B, 0 battalion or s!uadron regimentTable A d0 N 1, 2, bases per battalion or s!uadronunit siGe variation , B bases per battalion or s!uadron

0 B bases per battalion or s!uadron

Table A d0 N 1, 2, 1 6= base P 10 Hbase for 7olunteer regiment 6=s , B, 0 2 6= bases P 18 Hbase for 7eteran

P 23 Hbase for %fficer or oloured

%+, if cavalry d0 N 1, 2, 3 tachana bases

, B, 0 1 tachana base P 28 Hbase for Tachana

Table BA d0 N 1 )one

artillery supportA 2, , 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F HbaseB, 0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase

%+, if cavalry d0 N 1, 2 )one, 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F HbaseB, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns P 0B E03F Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2 )one

heavy support units -ngineer company of three 7eteran bases P 1 Hbase "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase

B, 0 /ustin armoured car P B3

/n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A d0 N 1, 2 / regiment of the originalbasic type, rolling again from Table 2

later regiments , +oll randomly on Table 1 but remaining either infantry or cavalryB, 0 +oll randomly on either Table, then revert bac to original basic type

Table 8A Infantry basic type add a base +egular cavalry s!uadron P 12 Hbase

last unit avalry basic type add a base ossac cavalry s!uadron P 1 HbaseThis list covers the period from *ummer 1918, after the ?irst uban 6arch Ethe #Ice 6arch$F, until the big e(pansion in

early 1919. uring this time the 7olunteer /rmy largely cleared the uban, Tere and aucasus of *oviet forces in

several lightening campaigns.

uring the early part of the campaign the army was still volunteer and mostly composed of former officers, but slowly it

was enlarged by drafting in former +eds and locals. )ew units were created to go alongside the original officer units,often around a core of officers from a former Imperial army unit. Towards 1919 conscription was introduced.

4eavy e!uipment was rare, since pretty much everything had to be seiGed from the +eds, who were not themselves

always terribly well e!uipped. I suggest that the heavy support table be only used by large, infantry&heavy forces.

The campaigning was very fluid and the 7/ could, and did, operate infantry and cavalry together. "ut the success of thecampaigns often depended on speed, so large all&cavalry formations were fielded, reducing the amount of cavalry that

could wor with the infantry.


21/55

would suffer losses of over 133O in a campaignYF. The list assumes a mid&campaign unit siGe, but they could be bothsmaller and larger.

)oteA at the end of this period eniin introduced a new structure to the Infantry moving to a three regiment division

from the old regiment structure.

"roop "ypes

The Colouredregiments were now at their pea, with high morale and gradually increasing strength.


22/55

-olunteer Army Infantry /ivision $%$% 0 $%&1

Flee @ "0% in early *.*. and early *./0 @ 40% in late *.*. and late *./0

+ailway line on 2d0 N 8

Table 1A

basic typed0 N S early 1919 and mid 1923 late 1919 and late 1923

1 onscript %fficer onscript

2, 7olunteer onscript %fficer ;lastoon ;lastoon

B oloured oloured onscript

0 oloured oloured

P Hbase for onscript , or with one base per unit P 13 if unit is onscript %fficeror P B Hbase if


23/55

#6id 1923$ carries on from 5rangelMs assumption of command until the failure of the Trans&nepr %ffensive in mid&%ctober. The army had been reorganised and regained some of its confidence.

#@ate 1923$ covers the withdrawal bac to the rimea. 5ith ;oland signing a cease&fire, the end was obviously in

sight for the tired #+ussian /rmy$, now full of pressed e(&+eds.

The 7/ was able and willing to co&operate infantry and cavalry in the field. *o if a large army is selected, a singleregiment on the 7/ avalry list may be added.

/t the times of lowest numbers the units tended to be !uite small. /t those times a # Actio"s!#company$ might wellbe called a battalion.

The 7/ was able to mae use of naval superiority in the "lac *ea and, sometimes, on ma'or rivers to provide artillerysupport. ;layers which receive an armoured train might instead lie to place a river and gunboat, if the theatre is

suitable.

The scale is 1 base N 3 to B3 men.

"roop "ypes

The list maes use of the rule in # Actio"s!that allows the 5hites to improve the value of conscripts by adding anofficer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if 7olunteers until the first base is removed, whereupon it reverts to

onscript.

The elite of the army was the Colouredregiments, sometimes divisions the ornilovsy, 6arovsy, /le(seevsyand roGdovsy. "y this point however e(pansion meant that they were no longer 133O volunteers. ?re!uently a core

of the old unit remainedA and the specific oloured Infantry card should be used only for this #officer$ company Eif it isselected in Table BF. )ote that at this stage I give them #?ire$ N 0, to allow for the e(tra ammunition and @ewis guns

supplied by the /llies.

I consider the bul of the oloured regiments should use the 5hite 7eteran card.

If the unit is Coloured Conscriptsthen the unit consists mostly of !uite recently drafted men placed into the colouredregiments, and stiffened with a sprinling of officers. This is represented by adding an officer Eor colouredF base in a

unit otherwise of conscripts.

The early units composed almost entirely of +fficerswere now basically gone, but I have allowed the chance that some7olunteer units might still have a small company. The %fficer card represents these.

The Volunteerunits are standard line units, of no particular merit.ThePlastoonunits are costed on the basis of the higher #non&4ost$ card, which assumes better officers and e!uipment.Their costs should be lowered to P B Hbase if the lower #4ost values are used.

The +fficers 1 Conscriptsunits are those where the main troop type is onscript but there is an officer base in eachcompany, so that they behave as 7olunteers unless the %fficer base is removed.

The 5hite /rmy had large number of unreliable Conscriptunits, but were usually able to eep them away from the

crucial points.

I have assumed that the Gswould be crewed by some of the most reliable men in a unit, so suggest that onscriptscan use the 7olunteer 6= card, the oloured onscripts can use the 7eteran 6= card and that the oloured units can

use the oloured 6= card Eor %fficer 6= cardF.

6y card set also includes a Cadetcard. This is for the 1stand 2nduban campaigns, and mostly if one is gaming them in

#heroic$ manner. /ny similar highly motivated cadets remaining in the 7/ by the period of this list are assumed to berepresented by the %fficer companies.

The Cossac'cavalry is costed on the basis that the #non&4ost$ card for 5hite ossacs is used.



24/55

#aucasian Army $%$%

Flee @ "0% during period of advance! @ 40% during retreat +ailway line at 2d0 N 13, or 8 at Tsaritsyn

Table 1Abasic type

d0 N S aucasian /rmy Infantry aucasian /rmy avalry

1 onscript plastoon ossac

2, , ;lastoon ossac

B 7olunteer ossac 0 7eteran "etter ossac

P Hbase for onscript ;lastoon

P B Hbase for ;lastoonP 0H base if 7olunteer infantry considered to be better !uality ;lastoon

P 12 Hbase for ossac cavalryP 1 Hbase for "etter ossac cavalry

go to the 1919 7/ Infantry list for 7eteran and 7olunteer infantry units

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 avalry regiment of s!uadrons H infantry battalion of 2 companiesregimentHbattalion allocation , , B avalry regiment of 2 s!uadrons H infantry battalion of companies

0 avalry regiment of 1 s!uadron H infantry battalion of companies

Table A d0 N 1 bases per s!uadron or company

unit siGe variation 2, , , B bases per s!uadron or company0 B bases per s!uadron or company

Table A d0 N 1 3 tachana or 6= basesregimentHbattalion 6=s 2, 1 tachana or 6= base

, B 2 tachana or 6= bases0 tachana or 6= bases

)oteA the number of tachanas cannot e(ceed the number of s!uadrons in a cavalry regimentP 10 Hbase for ;lastoon 6=s

P 2 Hbase for ossac TachanasP 20 Hbase for "etter ossac Tachanas

Table BA d0 N 1, 2 Infantry add a ossac cavalry s!uadron P 12 Hbase

support , avalry add a ;lastoon company P 0 Hbase

B, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns, if basic type is cavalry P 0B E03F Hbaseor 2 field guns, if infantry P BB EB3F Hbase

+oll on Table for the variation in siGe of any ;lastoon company or ossac s!uadron

Table 0A d0 N 1 )one

heavy support units 2, 4eavy howitGer battery of two howitGers P :3 Hbase ;lane P 83 EfighterF

B "ritish tan if at Tsaritsyn P 83 E6ar 7Fotherwise /ustin armoured car P B3

0 /ustin armoured car P B3/n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A ?our units of the same basic type should be selected before rolling again randomly

later regimentsHbattalions on Table 1 Ee(cept in the case of 4orse ivisions see )oteF

Table 8A / field or horse gun if none yet selected P samelast unit %therwise a base ossac s!uadron or two tachanas, as desired P same

Table :A There were a couple of 4orse ivisions in the aucasian /rmy Emi(ing infantry and cavalryF, and if oneof those is being represented the infantry may not be 7olunteer or 7eteran but a new basic type may be

rolled for every second unit.

)ote ossac cavalry is selected in sets of four regimentsHbattalions on this list, unlie the ossac list.

The #aucasian /rmy$ was a branch of the /?*+ which attaced up the river 7olga in mid&1919 under the commandof "aron 5rangel. It too Tsaritsyn in >une and then repelled several assaults on the city, before withdrawing as the rest

of the 5hites fell bac. The army was formed around units from the uban, Tere and /strahan ossac 4osts, plussimilar units from the aucasian mountains Eagestani, %ssetians, hechnians etcF. To this were added regular 5hite

infantry divisions and a large amount of heavy support units.

It seems that 5rangel was able to impose some sort of order on the mi(ed units under his command, so the troops areless variable than on the pure ossac list. There also seems to have been a reasonable amount of co&operation between



25/55


26/55

-olunteer Army #avalry mid2$%$% 0 $%&1


Table 1A d0 N 1 ossac P 12 Hbasebasic type 2, , , B +egular P 12 Hbase

0 %fficer P 1 Hbaseeduct 1 if in 1923

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, 2 s!uadrons

regiment allocation , B, 0 s!uadrons

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per s!uadronunit siGe variation , B, 0 bases per s!uadron

Table A d0 N 1 3 tachanasregiment 6=s 2, , , B 1 tachana P 20 HbaseQ

0 2 tachanas P 20 HbaseQ

Q P 2 Hbase if ossac

Table BA d0 N 1 )oneartillery support 2, , , B, 0 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F Hbase

educt 1 if ossac or #bac&water$

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, , )oneinfantry support B /n infantry battalion, from an appropriate list

0 ;layer may choose to tae an infantry battalion

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, , )oneheavy support units B ;lane P 83 EfighterF

0 /ustin armoured car, if desired P B3

/n armoured train may be taen on a 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A Troops come in brigades of two regiments with the same values on Tables 1 and 2

later regiments /t each new brigade, roll again at random starting from Table 1

Table 8A If there are an odd number of horse guns, add one horse gun P 0B E03F Hbaselast unit %therwise add two tachanas P 20 Hbase

/ core of motivated and e(perienced officers made the 7/ cavalry the best of the +5, with a distinct preference for

mounted charges over fire&power. It did not suffer in !uality as badly as the infantry when the army e(panded in siGe in1919 and 1923, as the cavalrymen drafted tended to be veterans anyway.

The regular 5hite cavalry often operated in e(tremely large groups away from their infantry. 5hen it did this itgenerally operated too !uicly for heavy support to eep up, though in a large set&piece battle it might appear.

/lthough the 7/ cavalry did not value mounted fire&power as highly as the +eds, they recognised the immense value of

tachanas.


"roop "ypes

The +fficercavalry represents the elite 133O volunteer cavalry, which became rarer as the war drew on.

TheRegularcavalry were generally formed on the basis of former units, most often a #composite$ regiment, whereby a

small unit was formed on the basis of men from what had been a division or brigade in the Imperial /rmy. They foughtin the style of the Tsarist army, with half the men lance armed.

The 7/ incorporated a few units of Cossac' cavalry from time to time. "y this stage there were large politicaldifferences between ossacs and the regular 5hites, plus any units on this list will be fighting away from their home

lands, which always adversely affected ossac morale. The points values therefore assume the #non&4ost$ card.

I have assumed that officers did not crew (ac)an'as, so %fficer regiments use the standard 5hite Tachana card.



27/55

Iudenich

Flee 40% +ailway line on 2d0 N 8

Table 1A d0 N 1 onscript P Hbasebasic type 2, onscript %fficer P Hbase 0

, B +egular P : Hbase0 7eteran P 8 Hbase

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 battalion regiment

regiment allocation , , B, 0 battalion regiment

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per battalionunit siGe variation , , B bases per battalion

0 B bases per battalion

Table A d0 N 1 1 base P 10 HbaseQ

regiment 6=s 2, 1 base if the unit contains onscripts, otherwise 2 bases

, B 2 bases P 10HbaseQ 0 bases P 10HbaseQ

Q P 18 Hbase if upgraded for a 7eteran unit

Table BA d0 N 1 mae a heavy support roll, if none already madesupportA 2 avalry s!uadron of bases P 12 Hbase

, 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F HbaseB, 0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1 )one

heavy support units 2 "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase ;lane P 83 EfighterF

, B, 0 if #shoc$ 6ar 7 tan base 7eteran battalion P 83 2otherwise /ustin armoured car P B3

/n armoured train may be taen on a , B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A d0 N 1, 2 The troop type worse than the last unit selected on Table 1

later regiments , *ame basic type unit on Table 1 as that most recently selected

B, 0 The troop type better than the last unit selected on Table 1

Table 8A %ne field gun, if there is an odd number already P BB EB3F Hbase

last unit %therwise 2 mortar bases P 3 Hbase

Table 0A / separate roll on the heavy support table should only be made if the army is #shoc$ in late 1919, but onecan arise otherwise as a result of a #1$ on Table B.

This covers the )orth&5est /rmy from 'ust before the drive on ;etrograd in late 1919 and through the retreat bac to

-stonia.

The army was structured along old Tsarist lines, with four regiment divisions, theoretically all the same.


28/55

3orth2Western #orps and Bula(2Bala(avich


Table 1A 5hite Infantry +egimentbasic type

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalion regiment




Table contdA d0 N 1, 2 onscript %fficer P Hbase 0

battalion type , , B +egular P : Hbase

0 7eteran P 8 Hbase)"A each battalion is diced for separately

Table A d0 N 1, 2 2 bases P 10 HbaseQ

regiment 6=s , bases P 10HbaseQ B, 0 bases P 10HbaseQ

Q P 18 Hbase if 7eteran

Table contdA d0 N 1, 2 3 bases P 3 Hbase

regiment mortars , , B 1 bases P 3 Hbase0 2 bases P 3 Hbase

Table BA d0 N 1, 2, )one

cavalry %fficer s!uadron of bases P 1 HbaseB +egular s!uadron of bases P 12 Hbase

0 +egular s!uadron of bases P 12 Hbase

?or the second +ifle +egiment an automatic s!uadron if none already selected, otherwise none

Table B contdA d0 N 1 )oneartillery 2, 4alf&battery of 1 field gun base P BB EB3F Hbase

, B, 0 "attery of 2 field gun bases P BB EB3F Hbase

Table 0A /n armoured train may be taen on a , B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183heavy support units

Table :A %nly two +ifle +egiments may be taenother units

Table 8A / reserve battalion of random siGe and composition may be added, with 1 or 2 6=s

last unit

Table A )ote that the battalions of the regiments dice separately for troop type.

Table A The 6=s should be 7eteran in the same appro(imate proportion as the regiment it comes from.

This covers the 5hite forces in -stonia and the neighbouring area of +ussia up until /ugust 1919. The early 5hite+ussian army around ;sov in late 1918 was so badly organised and e!uipped that it is not worth bothering with. The

+eds pushed them bac into the "altic states and in early 1919 the #)orthern orps$, later the #)orth&5estern orps$basically sheltered in the -stonian lines.

In 6ay the )5 orps attaced out and held the @uga;sov area by themselves until *eptember. The army wascomposed of two brigades in 6ay, each 2 +ifle +egiments, 1 avalry *!uadron, 1 /rtillery "attalion and a +eserve"attalion. There was a small army reserve. )o army should e(ceed brigade siGe, and most actions would involve about

half that strength.

The army slowly gathered its strength very slowly and it was not until /llied supplies started arriving that it started tobe decently e!uipped. +einforcements also arrived in the form of ;rince @ievenMs troops from @atvia.

"ecause it was !uite a small army but attempted to act as if it were a much larger one in terms of structure, the good

units and poor units were all mi(ed up in the line. Therefore I have, unusually, made the list vary !uality randomlyinside a regiment.


29/55

bases eachF, 6= bases and a field gun base. It was formed from ethnic =erman -stonians E"altsF and similar inmost ways to the @atvian "altic @andeswehr. 4owever it fought loyally for -stonia throughout the wars Ebut was ept

well away from the @atvian ?reiorps, 'ust in caseF.

"ula&"alaovich sometimes commanded a similar brigade siGed force operating independently of the 5hites Ealthoughunder their command in theoryF. 4is units tended to tae on a rather more irregular style, and were notoriously

indisciplined.

The scale is 1 base N 3 men appro(imately."roop "ypes

The list maes use of the rule in # Actio"s!that allows the 5hites to improve the value of conscripts by adding anofficer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if +egular until the first base is removed, whereupon it reverts to

onscript. They could instead be made into


30/55

.O*4#)

Flee @ 40% +ailway line on 2d0 N 13

Table 1 InfantryA

basic typed0 N S -arly @ate

1 %fficer onscript

2 %fficer 7olunteer

Gech 7eteran Gech %fficer

B, 0 Gech Gech

P Hbase for onscript

P : Hbase for 7olunteerP 8 Hbase for 7eteran or Gech

P 13 Hbase for %fficer

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalionsregiment allocation , , B, 0 battalions

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per battalion

unit siGe variation , B bases per battalion0 B bases per battalion

Table A d0 N 1, 2 3 6= bases P 10 Hbase for 7olunteer regiment 6=s , 1 6= base P 18 Hbase for 7eteran or Gech

B, 0 2 6= bases P 23 Hbase for %fficer

/dd 1 for Gech @egion

Table BA d0 N 1 )oneartillery supportA 2 If late period, a ossac s!uadron of bases P 12 Hbase

avalry s!uadron of %fficer bases P 1 Hbase, B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase

0 If late period a "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase

Table 0A If on the 7olga a gunboat may be taen P 133heavy support /n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A d0 N 1, 2, / regiment of the originalbasic type, rolling again from Table 2

later regiments , B, 0 +oll randomly from Table 1Table 8A / base Gech battalion plus 1 6= P 8 Hbase 18last unit

This list covers the %6


31/55

The presence of the 7olga gunboat s!uadron was vital to the capture of aGan, though it didnMt do too much in itsdefence. The famous Gech armoured trains would appear to be a phenomenon of their time guarding the Trans&

*iberian +ailway. %ther heavy support was notable by its absence.

The %6


32/55

.olcha( Infantry /ivision


Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 onscript P Hbasebasic type , onscript %fficer P Hbase 0

B +egular P : Hbase0 7eteran P 8 Hbase

: %fficer P 13 Hbase/dd 1 if early 1919

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 battalion regiment




Table A d0 N 1 1 base P 10 HbaseQregiment 6=s 2, 1 base if the unit contains onscripts, otherwise 2 bases

, B 2 bases P 10HbaseQ 0 bases P 10HbaseQ

Q P 18 Hbase if 7eteran or %fficer

Table BA d0 N 1 on a d0 N 0, adding 1 if #shoc$, mae a heavy support rollartillery supportA 2 )one

, 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F HbaseB, 0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, , )one

cavalry support B avalry s!uadron of +egular bases P 12 Hbase0 avalry s!uadron of +egular bases P 12 Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, )one

heavy support units "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 HbaseB ;lane P 83 EfighterF

0 /ustin armoured car P B3/n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A d0 N 1, 2 The troop type worse than the last unit selected on Table 1later regiments , *ame basic type unit on Table 1 as that most recently selected

B, 0 The troop type better than the last unit selected on Table 1

Table 8A %ne field gun, if there is an odd number already P BB EB3F Hbase

last unit avalry s!uadron of ossac bases P 12 Hbase

This covers the non&ossac portion of olchaMs /rmy until its disintegration in late 1919.

The southern part of the line was the %renburg /rmy for much of the period, commanded by /taman utov. Their

units can be generated on the separate Independent ossac list Esee the *iberian option at the bottomF.

avalry was reasonably plentiful and apparently reasonable !uality. /rtillery was variable, but did at least have

!ualified officers commanding, even when they had to use unfamiliar /llied e!uipment.

The Gechs now performed rear area security only. )o intervention forces ever fought for olcha.The scale is 1 base N 3 to B3 men.

"roop "ypes

olchaMs army was largely Conscript, and prone to melt away at the first reverse. I do not thin there is much cause to

upgrade any of the onscript basic type to


33/55

.olcha( #avalry Brigade


Table 1A d0 N 1, 2, ossac P 12 Hbase, B +egular P 12 Hbase

0 %fficer P 1 Hbase

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 s!uadron regimentregiment allocation , , B, 0 s!uadron regiment

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per s!uadron

unit siGe variation , B bases per s!uadron0 B bases per s!uadron

Table A There are no tachanas

Table BA d0 N 1, 2 )one

artillery supportA , 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F HbaseB, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns P 0B E03F Hbase

Table 0A )one

heavy support units

Table :A / brigade is two regiments of the same basic type

later regimentsTable 8A )one

last unit

This list covers the cavalry in olchaMs army during 1919.

It seems that it operated in smallish independent brigades away from the infantry. 6uch of it appears to have been

ossac.

"roop "ypes

The line Cavalryuse the standard 5hite values. *ome units appear to have been sufficiently good to !ualify as %fficer.

The Cossac'suse #)on&4ost$ as usual when fighting away from their homes and for a 5hite army.

I am unaware of any use of (ac)an'asin the east.



34/55

Polish Infantry /ivision


Table 1Abasic type

d0 N S ;re&divisional 1919 ivisional 1919 1923

1 ;.%.5. anuary 1919 with

re!uiring a d0 N 0 is divisional and lower the number re!uired for every two months later Eso by)ovember the chance is 133OF.

Table 2A The third company basic type is onscript, but for pre&divisional 1919 they could be substituted with

;.%.5. and in 1923 could be 7olunteer reinforcements.

Table B The cavalry is only 7olunteer if the original army basic type is 7olunteer or ;.%.5., regardless of theclass of unit it is actually selected with. ivisional 1919only gets regular cavalry.

This list is intended to cover the eastern fronts only fighting


35/55

not try to cover them. The fighting against the Gechs was very brief and only half&hearted.

The ;olish army was e(tremely erratically organised in early 1919, basically being a# hoc units lumped together.*lowly it was formed into regular divisions, but these remained of very variable siGe and the amount of support was

even more variable. The situation at the "attle of 5arsaw again saw the use of large numbers of #=roups$, combiningwhatever was at hand and leading to eccentric combinations of troops. =enerally, however, these groups were ept from

the front line and I have not tried to replicate them.

The ;olish cavalry brigades operated almost e(clusively away from the infantry. 6ost infantry divisions had divisionalcavalry however, occasionally !uite large regiments. The large but variable amount of cavalry support on the list

represents both divisional cavalry and the occasional addition of an e(tra cavalry regiment to a basically infantry force.This however would only be available on a random basis, so the infantry and cavalry lists should not be combined,

regardless of the points value selected.

The technical support from the /llies, and particularly vehicles, did not start showing up in any amount until 1923. The

tans, despite many statements to the contrary, were not much use in the !uicly moving battles and were not muchused as a result. They were helpful when defending the frontal attac on 5arsaw Enear +adGyminF. The armoured cars

seem to have been often used in !uite large groups. The heavy support table would appear 'ustified only in 1923.

;erhaps a roll for every third battalion drawn.

The figures scale is 1 base N 3 to B3 men.

"roop "ypes

TheP3+33 was an underground military organisation formed during 55I, around which many of the first ;olish unitswere formed. I would apply the card to any self&defence units of the early days, whether strictly speaing ;.%.5. or not.

These units filled the breach in the desperate early days but, lie the +ed =uards with whom they have manysimilarities, suffered when compared to regularly organised units and were merged into regular units as soon as the

authorities could do so.

The2egionnairecard covers any of the better ;olish divisions, not 'ust the #@egions$ proper. 6any of these alreadye(isted in early 1919, but were not yet properly organised or e!uipped, so count as regulars for that period.

/s the war against the *oviets went badly there was a massive influ( of hastily raised Volunteers even a whole

infantry division of them. These were very een but not particularly well trained or e!uipped. There is no specific cardfor them, but I recommend the ;.%.5. card as this covers patriotic but poorly trained troops, but the conscript card

could be used instead.

The divisional Cavalryis +egular e(cept for where the original basic type rolled was 7olunteer or ;.%.5., in whichcase the unit is assumed to have e!ually hastily raised support, and who therefore use the 7olunteer avalry card.

6y ;olish card set also includes one for the2565 &aglets. These were units of volunteers of e(treme patriotism, often

very young, formed to fight the =alician


36/55

Polish #avalry

Flee @ "0% +ailway line at 2d0 N 12

Table 1A

basic typed0 N S -arly 1919 @ate 1919 1923

1 =reen +egular 7olunteer

2 =reen +egular ossac , , B, 0 +egular +egular +egular

P 13 H base for =reen and 7olunteerP 12 Hbase for ossac

P 1 Hbase for +egular

Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, 1 unitregiment allocation , B, 0 2 units

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per unit

unit siGe variation , bases per unitB, 0 B bases per unit

Table A d0 N 1 3 tachanas

regiment 6=s 2, , , B 1 tachana P 20 Hbase

0 2 tachanas P 20 Hbase

educt 2 for early 1919 and 1 for late 1919.Table BA d0 N 1, 2, )oneartillery supportA , , B 4alf&battery of one horse gun base P 03 Hbase

educt 1 for each of early 1919, #bac&water$ and 7olunteer. /dd 1 for #shoc$

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, , , B )oneheavy support units 0 ;lane P 83 EfighterF

%nly for #shoc$ in 1923

Table :A d0 N 1, 2, , , B


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"lan

Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 :


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period the =alician forces were an amalgam of e(&/ustrian regular units and local defence forces, some of themcarrying over from resistance during the 4etmanate period.

/ fully regular 5est


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4(rainian /irectory Army $%$7 0 $%&1


Table 1A

basic typed0 N S to >une 1919 >uly to %ct 1919 from )ov 1919

1, 2 Irregular


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The list does not cover the /taman armies who pledged allegiance to the


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Atamans $%$% 0 $%&$

Flee @ 40% or "0% if a')novist +ailway line at 2d0 N 13

Table 1Abasic type

2d0 N S @eft "an


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Baltic 3ationalists

Flee @ "0% for &stonians! @ 40% for 2atvians and 2it)uanians +ailway on 2d0 N 13

Table 1A

basic typed0 N S -stonians @atvians @ithuanians

1 onscripts onscripts onscripts

2, , , B +egulars +egulars onscripts0 -lite +egulars +egulars

#*hoc$ and #bac&water$ amendments do not apply to @atvians or @ithuanians

P Hbase for onscripts

or P B Hbase if


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The list applies for the newly created armies of -stonia, @atvia and @ithuania whether fighting the *oviets or ?reiorps.

The -stonians and @atvians seem to have been !uite happy to #lend$ companies around, which is why Table 8 includesa solo regular infantry company.

The -stonians received a few foreign volunteers, who were important in the early days of the war as much for moral

as military reasons. They were absorbed !uicly into the -stonian structure and do not deserve separate morale rates, sodo not get to be separated out.

The planes are a stretch. They definitely had them, but were not able to fly many sorties.

The @atvians fighting the "ermondt&/valov 5estern 7olunteer /rmy near the city of +iga and the -stonians pushing

along the "altic coast both had the support of /llied naval vessels on !uite a large scale. In the absence of rulescovering off&table artillery, I have left this possibility out.

The scale is appro(imately 1 base N 3 men.

"roop "ypes

The&litecard represents the -stonian armoured train landing companies and better independent units Esuch as the

uper'anov ;artisan and alevlaste 6aleva battalionsF. ?or the @atvians it represents the odd independent company ofhigher grade troops Estudents and training companies, perhaps e(&;artisans tooF.

TheRegularscard is for the normal run of the -stonian and @atvian armies. Their !uality seems to have been pretty

good, although e!uipment was often short until the /llies started supplying in bul.The Conscriptscard is for newly raised units with little e(perience, including those that were volunteers. /s the armies

of this period were e(panding at a great rate, regular units might suddenly be given entirely green companies. I havealso applied it to the @atvian brigade at esis, although this may well be be a bit harsh. ;erhaps they should be


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8rei(orps in Latvia

Flee @ "0% vs 7oviets! @ 40% vs &stonians or 2atvians +ailway on 2d0 N 13

Table 1A

basic typed0 N S vs *oviets vs -stonians vs @atvians

1, 2 "altic @andeswehr "altic @andeswehr 1st;lastoon +egt

, , B 7I +eserve orps Iron ivision ispirited ?reiorps0 "altic +ecruits Iron ivision +ossbach

o not apply #shoc$ or #bac&water$ amendments

P Hbase for 1st;lastoon +egimentP : Hbase for ispirited ?reiorps

P 8 Hbase for "altic @andeswehr

P 9 Hbase for Iron ivision and +ossbach columnP 13 Hbase for 7I&+eserve orps

Table 2A d0 N 1 2 company battalion

battalion allocation 2, , , B company battalion0 company battalion

Table A d0 N 1, 2, bases per company

unit siGe variation %ne base company, the rest base companiesB, 0 base companies

Table A d0 N 1, 2, , 2 bases P 18 HbaseQ

battalion 6=s B, 0 bases P 18 HbaseQQP 10 Hbase for the campaign against the @atvians if applying a &1 to morale

Table BA d0 N 1 )one

artillery supportA 2, , "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F HbaseB 4alf heavy howitGer battery of 1 base P :3 Hbase

0 2 mortar bases P 3 Hbase

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, )onecavalry support , B base cavalry s!uadron, but only if no cavalry selected previously

0 base cavalry s!uadron P 12 HbaseQQP 13 Hbase for the campaign against the @atvians if applying a &1 to morale

Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, , )one

6=** support B, 0 6=** company of 2 bases P 2 Hbase+eplace with ordinary 6= bases for the campaign against the @atvians P 18 Hbase

Table 0A d0 N 1, 2 )one

heavy support units ;lane P 83 EfighterF -ngineer company of Iron ivision bases P 1B Hbase

B, 0 6= armoured car E-rhardt, counting as /ustinF P B3/n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183

Table :A d0 N 1, 2, *ame basic type and battalion allocation as last time

later battalions , B, 0 +oll randomly from the start

Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, , 6=** company of two bases P 2 Hbasewithin 3 to 13 points B, 0 6an&handled infantry support gun P 3 Hbase

Table 1A The #shoc$ and #bac&water$ amendments to the dice roll are not necessary.Table 0A / roll on the heavy support table would appear 'ustified, in general, with every second battalion drawn.

The ?reiorps generally operated in mi(ed arms columns numbering several battalions at most. /ll their wars were

distinguished by low troop densities.

The scale is appro(imately 1 base N 3 men.

"roop "ypes

9ary Prio#* %ighti"g th :o$its

VI Reserve #orpswas the formal name of the =erman ?reiorps in @atvia and northern @ithuania. The card representsall the =erman soldiers, from after von der =oltGMs shae&out of defeatist and *partaist elements until the esis

campaign. They are #*pecialist$ and #*irmisher$ to reflect the large amount of e(perienced men in the rans.



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Appendi9 $: Points System

The points used are not official. They differ from the original# Actio"sthe ma'or difference is that they have been

doubled in order to add intermediate points Ewithout the need for [ pointsF. %therwise the only change is that thecomparative cost of veteran and elite infantry has been reduced. The troop types listed below are for my e(panded

unofficial card set.

Infantry#onscript P points

?ire N , 6elee N , 6orale around 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0, #mob$, and a reduced rifle range

includesA +ed onscript, 5hite onscript, ;olish onscript, )ationalist onscript,


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#avalry

Poor P 8 points

?ire N 2, 6elee N 0, 6orale around : \ : \ : \ 0, #sirmisher$includesA )ationalist,


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Appendi9 &: #ard -ariants

These lists assume that players will use my unofficial versions of the cards for# Actio"s, which e(pand the original

set considerably. They can be found atA httpAHHpygmy&wars.B3megs.comHwargamesHracardsHracards.html. I mostly followthe basic values of the originals, but there are some changes worth noting.

Artillery

/ll standard # Actio"s field guns have the same basis statistics for fire&power. I have amended many of themdownwards, to reflect a variety of different factors. The main reason is that most armies struggled to find ade!uatelytrained gun commanders, and particularly the armies which discriminated against the bourgeoisie, which is the class

most artillery officers belonged to. -arly in the war some armies struggled to get ade!uate e!uipment or were notade!uately trained on unfamiliar material supplied by the /llies. )oteA downgrading the #?ire$ statistic says nothing

about the bravery or dedication of the crews, it is merely a technical assessment.

C The +ed =uard, Cossac' Cavalrycard has valuesA 7 > ? > ? > ? ' & ; ? and is 12 points.

http://pygmy-wars.50megs.com/wargames/racards/racards.htmlhttp://pygmy-wars.50megs.com/wargames/racards/racards.html


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Their morale was even lower when fighting for the *oviets whole units were still deserting to fight for the enemy untilthe very end of the +5. /s well as many of them having an aversion to losing their privileges under ommunist rule,

the +ed ossacs also laced the trained commanders that made them more formidable when fighting in 55I or forthe 5hites. 6y card follows the original, e(cept that I do not allow them to charge #formed$ and have once again

trimmed the fire&power statistic.

C TheRed Cossac's card readsA ? > @ > @ > ? ' & ; ?and is 13 points.

#ossac( InfantryThe 4ost armies do not seem to have regarded fighting on foot as suitable for a ossac. There were severe shortages

of officers as well, since previously they would have been led by men who were not ossacs. Therefore I use theoriginal ;lastoon card for the ossac&based armies.

C 5hat I call my =Dost> plastooncard has values ofA @ > < > ? > ? ' ; and is B points.

4owever, when fighting for the main 5hite armies many of their weanesses were resolved. ?ighting on foot was not

disdained, there were properly trained officers available and supply was often better Eespecially when the 7/ couldsupply them with @ewis guns etcF. Therefore I have added a card for when fighting for the 7/ and similar situations.

, 6y =non:Dost> Plastooncard has valuesA @ > @ > ? > ? ' @ > @ > @ ' ; with #mo$ and is points

"achan(as

In the first edition of # Actio"sthe tachana cards had #?ire$ N 18, to match the machine&gun cards. This wassubse!uently lowered to 12. I have retained the value of 18 because I do not allow tachanas to move and fire in my

games Ebased on the difficulty of hitting anything from a moving cartF and this reduces their fire effectivenessconsiderably. If you do allow them to move and fire, then use the cards with factor 12, at the same cost.

, The #?ire$ value of tachanas is 12 if permitted to move and fire, or 18 if not.

8ire -alues of @

In the first edition of +ed /ctions a couple of Rlite infantry types had #?ire$ N 0. This was subse!uently lowered to B inall cases. I prefer the higher value in certain circumstances, but use both.

, The #?ire$ value of some Rlite infantry is B or 0, according to taste.

*5 #ards +ith C

The basic system in# Actio"sis that 6=s have no #harge$ statistic, a #?ear$ value one lower than the e!uivalentinfantry, a #*erious$ value the same as the e!uivalent infantry and no #+ally$ value. Tachanas wor the same way but

add the #+ally$ value of their cavalry e!uivalent.

The original# Actio"sset did not have cards for each type of 6= and tachana, which meant that the better troopshad 6=s worse than they should be. +ather than prepare a separate card for every troop type, I have amended some

with a #J$to indicate that their values may alter.

, *ome 6= cards have a #J$ added as a note that the values may vary, according to what they represent.

Amended #haracteristics

The #mob$ characteristic is added to all troops which represent conscripts. =enerally that will be the standard for that

troop type, but not necessarily. In particular, ;olish onscripts would normally be #


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Appendi9 : Opponents

This is a rough list of historical opponents in general order of descending importance for each army.

%pponents mared in itaicswere fought only sporadically, without vigour or on a small scale. They are included onlyto e(pand the range of possible historical opponents.

-arly *oviets -arly 7/

Insurgents ossac and =rigorievossacs


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ossac Insurgents -arly *oviets and +ed /rmyLat =A generally bac&water varieties

-arly 7/ -arly *oviets

@ate 7/ *mall +ed /rmy

-(panded +ed /rmyInsurgents mostly 6ahno, not =rigoriev or 1918

Atama"s mostly @eft "anaucasian /rmy +ed /rmy

)orth&5est orps -arly *oviets+ed /rmy Infantry

Iudenich +ed /rmy Infantry

omuch -arly -arly *oviets

@ate -arly *oviets

+ed /rmy Infantry #bac&water$ perhaps, to replicate the very early +ed /rmy

olcha +ed /rmy but not 1st4orse /rmy

;olish Infantry )on&div


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russian civil war army lists ii

Documents